@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Investigating clay deposit resistance and resistivity using ground tester model 6470-B<#LINE#>Igbani @S.,Farrow @T.S.,Osia @C.N. <#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJCS-2018-014.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria@Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria@Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria<#LINE#>15/3/2018<#LINE#>2/6/2018<#LINE#>The resistance and resistivity of clay has been investigated at Wilberforce Island Bayelsa State, Nigeria. This research focused on investigating the resistivity of clay using ground tester model 6470-B.  Objectively, this will be achieved by testing the resistivity of clay at different depths and investigating it resistivities. Furthermore, the resistivity of clay depends on ground water salinity, humidity and temperature. Therefore, clay resistivity values varies depending on the type of terrain. Moreover, series of resistivity can be computed from resistance data at various depths interval and same plotted against depths. Hence, this  research imbibed the four point Wenner method which uses four electrodes spaced at equidistances across the surface of the ground in a straight line, which defines the testing depth into the soil (clay). Nevertheless, resistivity tests on clay wereinvestigated in four different locations in Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The data collected from the tests were analysed and represented graphically using Microsoft Excel 2013. The results obtained from the experiment shows that increase in the distance between the electrodes leads to decrease in the resistivity values  which determines the level of corrosiveness in the soil (clay). At a depth of 0.25m, the resisivity value was 50.8 &#8486;m. Also, at a depth of 0.28m and 0.31m, the resistivity was 48.4 &#8486;m and 42.6 &#8486;m respectively. Thus, same distance at different depths of electrodes has high resistivity values. With a distance of 2m at a depth of 0.25m, the resistivity was 57.9 &#8486;m and at depths of 0.28m and 0.31m, the resistivity was 57.5 &#8486;m and 57.8 &#8486;m respectively. Consequently, this research further profer solutions whichare relevant, to geological analysis, the exploration andestimation of clay depositsand hydrological studies for ground water exploration and exploitation, which is also a medium to improve the country’s economy.<#LINE#>Igbani S. and Epiekiri K. (2016).@Investigating the filtration properties of drilling mud formulated from locally sourced clay.@Nigeria Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 1(1), 98-103.@No$Johns W.D. and Shimoyama A. (1972).@Clay minerals and petroleum-forming reactions during burial and diagenesis.@AAPG Bulletin, 56(11), 2160-2167.@Yes$Hynes N.J. (1991).@Dictionary of Petroleum Exploration.@Drilling and Production. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Penn Well.@No$Weaver C.E. (1960).@Possible uses of clay minerals in search for oil.@Bull. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists, 44, 1505-1518.@Yes$Bernal J. and Fowler R. (1933).@A theory of water and ionic solutions, with particular reference to hydrogen and hydroxyl ions.@J. Chem. Phys., 1, 515-548.@Yes$Anderson B.I. (2001).@Modelling and Inversion method for the interpretation of resistivity logging tool response.@Delft, the Netherlands: Delft U. Press.@Yes$Howard A.Q. (1992).@A new invasion model for resistivity log interpretation.@The Log Analyst, 33(2), 96.@Yes$Foscolos A.E. and Powell T.G. (1980).@Mineralogical and geochemical transformation of clays during burial catagenesis and their relation to oil generation.@Can. Soc. Pet. Geol. Mem., 6, 153-172.@Yes$Aoyag K. and Asakawa T. (1984).@Paleo-temperature analysis by authigenic minerals and its application to petroleum exploration.@Am. Assoc. Petrol.Geol. Bull., 68, 903-913.@Yes$Cadwell J., Smith A. and Wagner J. (1984).@Heave of coal shale fill.@Can. Geotech. J., 21(2), 379-383.@Yes$Rosthal R.A., Bornemann E.T., Ezell J.R. and Schwalbach J.R. (1997).@Real-time formation dip from a logging-while-drilling tool.@In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/38647-MN.@Yes$Wenner F. (1915).@A method of measuring resistivity. National Bureau of Standards.@Scientific paper no S-258 palmer, L.S. Example of Geo electric surveys, IEE , 106, Part A.@No$AEMC Instruments (2018).@Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B.  03/17, 99-man 100298 v24, Dover, USA.@https://www.manualslib.com/manual/1214051/Aemc-6470-B.html (Access 2018-03-29).@No
<#LINE#>Solvent-free synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of calcium and potassium complexes with some cephalosporin antibiotics<#LINE#>I. @Waziri,M.B. @Fugu,N.P. @Ndahi <#LINE#>7-14<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJCS-2018-017.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria@Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria@Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria<#LINE#>30/3/2018<#LINE#>2/6/2018<#LINE#>The solid complexes of potassium and calcium were synthesized with some cephalosporin antibiotics which include: cefixime (CFI), cefuroxime (CFU) and cefradine (CFA). The complexes were synthesized by solvent-free technique and characterized by solubility, molar conductivity, melting point, UV-Vis, IR and elemental analysis. The analytical data of these complexes showed that the antibiotics coordinated to the metals through oxygen atom of the carboxylate anion, oxygen atom of nitrate ion and oxygen atom of carbonyl in both complexes due to similarity in structures of the antibiotics to give a coordination number of five with proposed molecular formula as [M(CFI)NO3], [M(CFU)NO3] and [M(CFA)NO3] where M represents potassium or calcium. The molar conductance values of the complexes suggest that they are non-electrolytes, while the result of antimicrobial activity showed that the complexes have more activity than the antibiotics. The melting point, color and electronic spectra of the complexes were different from those of the antibiotics, which suggest the formation of coordination compounds.<#LINE#>Ndahi N.P., Fugu M.B., Waziri I. and Geidam Y.A. (2017).@Effect of Mechanochemically Synthesized Copper(II) and Silver(I) Complexes with Cefuroxime on Some Cephalosporin Resistance Bacteria.@Int. J. 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