@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Pyrazole Methyl Substituted Compound used as a Corrosive Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acidic Environment<#LINE#>M.R.@Ezhilarasi,B.@Prabha,T.@Santhi<#LINE#>1-12<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJCS-2015-033.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, 21, INDIA<#LINE#>8/3/2015<#LINE#>24/4/2015<#LINE#>The inhibitive effect of compound on mild steel in 1M H2SO4 and 1M HCl was investicated by weight loss, Potentiodynamic polarization and electro chemical impedence studies. The synthesized compound of 1-acetyl-4,5-dihydro-5-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2yl) pyrazoles was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR. The structure are also elucidated and purity confirmed by TLC. The corrosion inhibition rate was increased in increasing the concentration of our synthesized inhibitor (1-acetyl-4, 5-dihydro-5-methyl phenyl-3-(thiophen-2yl) pyrazoles). The synergetic effect also studied and observed good correlation between halides and our inhibitor. 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<#LINE#>Generation of Nanostructured MgO Particles by Solution Phase Method<#LINE#>K.G.@Chandrappa,T.V.@Venkatesha,B.M.@Praveen,B.S.@Shylesha<#LINE#>13-18<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJCS-2015-043.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Government Engineering College, B.M. Road, Ramanagara, INDIA @ Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Chemistry, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, Srinivas School of Engineering, Mukka, Mangalore, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, Sri Siddaganga College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Tumkur, INDIA <#LINE#>16/3/2015<#LINE#>15/4/2015<#LINE#>In this contribution, disc like nanosized MgO particles were successfully synthesized by solution-phase method using magnesium chloride (MgCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in ethanol medium. The ethanol and water content were varied and the generated precursor compound was calcined for an hour at temperature of 300 °C. 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<#LINE#>Synthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial Activities of some Transition Metal Complexes of Asymmetrical Tetradentate Ligands<#LINE#>V.L@Borde,B.B@Naglolkar,S.G@Shankarwar,A.G@Shankarwar<#LINE#>19-23<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJCS-2015-046.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, S.B.E.S. College of Science, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, INDIA <#LINE#>22/3/2015<#LINE#>1/5/2015<#LINE#>The Schiff bases have been prepared by reacting dehydroacetic acid with 6-methyl 1,3,5-triazine 2,4- diamine and 2'-hydroxy acetophenone. The Cr(III), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes have been prepared by reacting metal nitrate with those Schiff bases in alcoholic medium. The Complexes are electrolytes in DMSO. All the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, H -NMR, FT-IR, UV-VIS, magnetic susceptibility, conductance measurements studies. The IR spectral data suggest that the ligand behaves as a tetradentate ligand with NNNO donor atoms sequence towards central metal ion. From the microanalytical data, the stoichiometry of the complexes was found to be 1:1 (metal : ligand). X-ray diffraction and screened for their antibacterial activity against bacterium Staphylococcus aurious, B.subtilis (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli, K. pneumonae (Gram negative). The result indicated that the complexes exhibited good antibacterial activities. <#LINE#> @ @ Tovrog B.S., Kitko D.J. and Dragom R.S., J.Am.Chem.Soc., 98, 5144 (1976) @No $ @ @ Abraham K.G., Lokhande M.V. and Bhusare S., J. of Chemistry Biological and Phy. Sci. 2(1), 137 (2011) @No $ @ @ Nagajothi A., Kiruthika A., Chitra S. and Parameswari K., International J. Pharma. And Biomedical Sci., , 1768 (2012) @No $ @ @ Prashanthi Y. and Shiva Raj, J. Sci. Res., 2(1), 114 (2010) @No $ @ @ Gupta Y.K., Agarwal S.C., Madnawat S.P. and Narain R., Research J. of Chemistry Science, 2(4), 68 (2012) @No $ @ @ Aliyu H.N. and Sani U., Bayero J, of Pure and applied Science,, 83 (2011) @No $ @ @ Ahmed A.A., Ben Guzzi S.A. and Ahshad O.M.,Rasayan. J. Chemistry, 4), 781 (2009) @No $ @ @ Osowole A.A., E-Jouenal of Chemistry,1), 13 (2008) @No $ @ @ Sun B., Chen J., Hu J.Y. and Lir, J. Chin. Chemistry Lett., 12(IT), 1043 (2001) @No $ @ @ Boghaei D.M. and Mohebi S., Non-symmetrical tetradentate Vanadyl Schiff base complexes derived from 1,2-phenylene diamine and 1,3-Naphthalene diamine as catalysts for the oxidation of cyclohexene, Tetrahedron, 58(26), 5357 (2002) @No $ @ @ Dhar D.N. and Taploo C.L., J. Sci. Ind. Res, 41, 501 (1985) @No $ @ @ Demir Mulazimoglu A. oZ Kalp Birol and Mercimek B., Int. J. Durg Dev and Res, 2(1), 102 (2010) @No $ @ @ Gudasi K.B., Patil M.S., Vadavi R.S., Shenoy R.V., Patil S.A. and Nethaji M., Trans. Met. Chemistry,31, 580, (2006) @No $ @ @ Pargathi M. and Reddy K.H., Indian J. of Chem., 52A, 845-853 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ramrao N., Rao V.P., Jayage V.J., Raju and Ganorkar M. C., Indian J. chemistry,24(4), 877 (1985) @No $ @ @ Tan S.F, Ang K.P. and Jatachandran H.L., Transition metal chem.,  390-395 (1984) @No $ @ @ Shirodakar S.G., Mane P. S. and Chondhekar T.K., Indian J. Chem., 40A (10) 1114-1117 (2001) @No $ @ @  Symal A. and Singhal O.P., Transition Met. Chem., 179-182 (1979) @No $ @ @ Singh A., Kumar M., Kaushik M., Singh S., and Singh A., Oriental J. Chem., 26(2), 601-606 (2010) @No $ @ @ Martin R.L. and White A.H., Inorg. Chem., 6 12 (1967) @No $ @ @  Akila E., Usharani M., Vimala S. and Rajavel R., Che. Sci. Rev. Lett., 1(4), 181-194 (2012) @No $ @ @ Thakor Y.J., Patel S.G. and Patel K.N., J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2(5), 518-525 (2010) @No $ @ @ Abdalrazaq E.A., Al-Ramadane O.M. and Al-Numa K.S., Am. J. Applied Sci., 7(5), 628-633 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mounika K., Anupama B., Pragathi J. and Gyanakumari C., J.Sci.Res., 2(3), 513-524 (2010) @No $ @ @ Carvajal J.R., Roisnel T. and Winplotr A, Graphic Tool for Powder Diffraction, Laborataire leon brillouin (ceal/enrs) 91191 gif suryvette cedex, France, (2004) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharya K.C., An Elementary Physics for Indian School, The Indian Press Ltd. Allahabad, 105 (1934) @No $ @ @ Deshmukh M.B., Dhongade S., Dasai S. and Chavan S.S., 44, 1659 (2005) @No $ @ @ Thornberry H.H., Phytopathology, 40, 419 (1950) @No $ @ @ Madhure A.k. and Aswar A.S., Am. J. Pharm. Tech Res, 3(6), 462-484 (2013) @No 
<#LINE#>Physico-chemical Evaluation of Narmada River Water at Khalghat MP, India<#LINE#>Satish@Piplode,Barde@VeerSingh<#LINE#>24-26<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJCS-2015-056.pdf<#LINE#>Govt. Madhav Science P G College, Ujjain, M.P., 456010, INDIA<#LINE#>24/3/2015<#LINE#>15/4/2015<#LINE#>Narmada River is the key source for drinking, domestic and irrigation purposes in the Madhya Pradesh. In the present study water sample of narmada river from Khalghat has been assessed physico-chemically to evaluate its suitability for drinking, domestic and irrigation purposes. The important parameters taken into consideration are Temperature, turbidity, pH, Conductivity, T.D.S, Suspended Solid , Alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium hardness, Magnesium hardness, Chloride, Fluoride, Dissolve Oxygen, B.O.D. , C.O.D. and Nitrate were determined in the laboratory. The Physico- Chemical parameters were determined as per standard methods of APHA (2002). Obtained results regarding the Narmad River water quality status shows that the overall water quality is suitable and safe for domestic and irrigation purposes. <#LINE#> @ @ Soni V., Khwaja S. and Visavadia M., Preimpoundmental studies on Water Quality of Narmada River of India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci.,2(6), 31-38 (2013) @No $ @ @ Narmada Valley Development Authority, NVDA, Government of Madhya Pradesh, Narmada Basin, Narmada Water Dispute, Nvda.nic.in, 1985-07-16, Retrieved 2014-03-03, (2014) @No $ @ @ Narmada Control Authority, NCA, Retrieved 21 March 2013, (2013) @No $ @ @ Trivedy R.K. and Goel P.K., Chemical and biological methods for water pollution studies, Environmental Publication, Karad, Maharashtra, (1986) @No $ @ @ Kodarkar M.S., Methodology for water analysis, physico-chemical, Biological and Microbiological Indian Association of Aquatic Biologists Hyderbad; Pub., (2),50 (1992) @No $ @ @ Anjum Praveen, Rajesh Kumar, Pratima And Rajat Kumar, PhysioChemical Properties of the Water of River Ganga at Kanpur, International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, 03, 134-137 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sharma S., Vishwakarma R., Dixit S. and Jain P., Evaluation of Water Quality of Narmada River with reference to Physcochemical Parameters at Hoshangabad city, MP, India, Res. J. Chem. Sci.,1(3), 40-48  (2011) @No $ @ @ Tali I., Pir Z., Sharma S., Mudgal L.K. and Siddique A., Physico Chemical properties of water of river Narmada at Madhya Pradesh, India, Researcher, 4(6), 5-9 (2012) @No $ @ @ Pir Z., Tali I., Mudgal L.K., Sharma S. and Siddique A., Evaluation of water quality: Physico chemical characteristics of River Narmada at Madhya Pradesh, India, Researcher, 4(5), 63-67 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kumari M., Mudgal L.K. and Singh A.K., Comparative Studies of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Two Reservoirs of Narmada River, MP, India, Current World Environment, 8(3), 473-478 (2013) @No 
<#LINE#>Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones catalyzed by Tartaric acid in aqueous media<#LINE#>U.Amol@Khandebharad,R.@SardaSwapnil,H.@GillCharansingh,R.@AgrawalBrijmohan<#LINE#>27-32<#LINE#>5.ISCA-RJCS-2015-057.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, J. E. S. College, Jalna, MS, INDIA Department of Chemistry, Dr. B.A.M.University, Aurangabad, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>9/4/2014<#LINE#>30nd/4/2015<#LINE#>An efficient and green synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones using tartaric acid as a catalyst for the reaction of aromatic aldehydes, ethylacetoacetate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in water as solvent is described. This protocol offers several advantages such as atom efficiency, short reaction time, easy work-up and simple reaction condition. <#LINE#> @ @ Borkar V.T. and Dangat V.T., Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones catalyzed by Tartaric acid in aqueous media, Res. J. chem. sci.,4(12), 48-51 (2014) @No $ @ @ Patil S.V. and Gaikwad V., A simple and efficient synthesis of imidazolo[1,2-a]pyridines using MgO in aqueous medium, Arabian J. of Chem. In press, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.04.017., (2012) @No $ @ @ Abood Huda S., Majeed Nisreen N. and Al-najar Anis A., Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones catalyzed by Tartaric acid in aqueous media, Res. J. chem. sci.,5(4), 53-56 (2015) @No $ @ @ Ratti Rajni, Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones catalyzed by Tartaric acid in aqueous media, Res. J. chem.sci., 5(3),77-89 (2015) @No $ @ @ Sarda S.R., Kale J.D., Wasmatkar S.K., Kadam V.S., Ingole P.G., Jadhav W.N. and Pawar R.P.,An efficient protocol for the synthesis of 2-amino-4,6-diphenylpyridine-3-carbonitrile using ionic liquid ethylammonium nitrate, Molecular Diversity, 13, 545-549 (2009) @No $ @ @ Eduardo H., Mechanisms of water catalysed reactions molecules, Molecules, 5, 307-308 (2000) @No $ @ @ Surendra K., Srilakshmi N.K., Kumar P., Sridhar R. and Rama Rao K., Oxidation of sulphides to sulphoxides. Tetrahedron Lett., 46, 4581 (2005) @No $ @ @ Tong K.H., Wong K.Y. and Chan T.H., Aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols, to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones, J. Org. Chem., 70, 729-731 (2005) @No $ @ @ Dambacher J., Zhao W., El-Batta A., Anness R., Jiang C. and Bergdahl M., Water is an efficient medium for Wittig reactions employing stabilized ylides and aldehydes, Tetrahedron Lett., 46, 4473-4477 (2005) @No $ @ @ Santos M.M., Faria N., Iley J., Coles S., Hursthouse M.B., Martins M.L. and Moreira R., Reaction of Naphthoquinones with Substituted Nitromethanes, Facile Synthesis and antifungal activity of Naphtho[2,3-d]isoxazole-4,9-diones, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.,20, 193-195 (2010) @No $ @ @ Patrizia D., Carbone A., Barraja P., Kelter G., Fiebig H.H. and Cirrincione G., Synthesis and antitumor activity of 2,5-bis(3'-indolyl)--furans and 3,5-bis(3'-indolyl)-isoxazoles, nortopsentin analogues, Bioorg. Med. Chem,,18, 4524-4529 (2010) @No $ @ @ Giovannoni M.P., Vergelli C., Ghelardini C., Galeotti N., Bartolini A. and Piaz V.D., [(3-Chlorophenyl) piperazinylpropyl]-pyridazinones and analogues as potent antinociceptive agents, J. Med. Chem.46, 1055-1059 (2003) @No $ @ @ Liu Q. and Zhang Y.N., One-pot synthesis of 3-methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4)- ones catalyzed by sodium benzoate in aqueous media: A green chemistry strategy, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 32, 3559-3560 (2011) @No $ @ @ Liu Q. and Wu R.T., Facile synthesis of 3-methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4)-ones catalysed by sodium silicate in an aqueous medium, J. Chem. Res., 598-599 (2011) @No $ @ @ Liu Q. and Hou X., One-Pot Three-component synthesis of 3-methyl-4-arylmethyleneisoxazol-5(4)-ones catalyzed by sodium sulfide, Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem., 187, 448-553 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ablajan K. and Xiamuxi H., The convenient synthesis of 4-arylmethylidene-4,5-dihydro-3-phenylisoxazol-5-ones, Chin. Chem. Lett., 22, 151-154 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kiyani H. and Ghorbani F., synthesis of arylmethylidene-isoxazol-5(4)-ones in water catalyzed by sodium citrate. Heteroletters, 3, 145-153 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kiyani H. and Ghorbani F., Synthesis of arylmethylidene-isoxazol-5(4)-ones via three-component reaction in water catalyzed by sodium tetraborate, Open J. Org. Chem., 1, 5-9 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kiyani H. and Ghorbani F., Sodium saccharin as a clean and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 4-arylidene-3-methylisoxazol-5(4)-ones via one-pot three-component reaction in aqueous medium, Heteroletters,3, 359-369 (2013) @No $ @ @ Saikh F., Das J. and Ghosh S., Synthesis of 3-methyl-4-arylmethylene isoxazole-5(4)-ones by visible light in aqueous ethanol, Tetrahedron Lett., 54, 4679-4682 (2013) @No $ @ @ Avijit B. and Sebanti B., Cycloaddition of C,N-diarylnitrones to 2-butenolide: Synthesis of 2,3,6,6a-tetrahydrofuro[3,4-d] isoxazol-4 (3aH)-one, Tetrahedron, 48, 3335-3344 (1992) @No $ @ @ Mark A.K., Interaction of optically active tartaric acid with a nickel-silica catalyst: role of both the modification and reaction media in determining enantioselectivity, Langmuir,13, 41-50 (1997) @No $ @ @ Kodama T., Moquist P.N., Schaus S.E., Enantioselective boronate additions to -acyl quinoliniums catalyzed by tartaric acid, Org. 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Chem., 65, 7041-7048 (2000) @No $ @ @ Henri B., Manfred W. and Thomas W., Jürgen, Enantioselective catalysis, Hydrogenation of methyl acetoacetate using nickel powder modified with NaBr/(R,R)-tartaric acid, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 1, 159-162 (1990) @No $ @ @ Ping W., Fei-Ping M. and Zhan-Hui Z., Tartaric acid and choline chloride based deep eutectic solvent: An efficient and reusable medium for synthesis of -substituted pyrroles via Clauson-Kaas reaction, J. of Molecular Liquids,198, 259-262 (2014) @No $ @ @ Bhosale R.S., Sarda S.R., Ardhapure S., Jadhav W.N., Bhusare S.R. and Pawar R.P., An efficient protocol for the synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives at room temperature using molecular iodine, Tetrahedron Lett., 46, 7183 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sarda S.R., Pathan M.Y., Paike V.V., Pachmase P.R.,Jadhav W.N. and Pawar R.P., A facile synthesis of flavones using recyclable ionic liquid under microwave irradiation, Arkivoc, xvi, 43-48 (2006) @No 
<#LINE#>Adsorption of Pb2+ ions by Activated carbons obtained from Maize cobs by Chemical activation with ZnCl2: Role of Physical and Chemical properties<#LINE#>J.D.@DinaDavid,M.A.@Etoh,H.M.@Ngomo,J.M.@Ketcha<#LINE#>33-45<#LINE#>6.ISCA-RJCS-2015-058.pdf<#LINE#>Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Douala, 24157-Douala, CAMEROON @ Faculty of Sciences, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, 812-Yaoundé, CAMEROON<#LINE#>9/4/2015<#LINE#>28/4/2015<#LINE#>The evaluation of the effectiveness of adsorption of activated carbons obtained from maize cobs by chemical activation with zinc chloride in removing lead(II) ions commonly found in municipal water in Cameroon was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of the contact time and initial concentration of Pb(II) ions for five maize cobs activated carbons and for a commercial one. The properties of the studied materials are correlated to their adsorption capacities. The carbon obtained from the hard part of the cob is the one which adsorbs best Pb2+. Its adsorption percentage at 60 ppm is 32.97% and itsK-value about 0.45 cm/mg. The commercial sample with an adsorption percentage of about 99% and k-value of about 97.73 cm/mg is by far the best adsorbent. The intraparticle diffusion seems to be the rate-limiting step. <#LINE#> @ @ Xu H.Y., Yang L., Wang P., Liu Y. and Peng M., Kinetic research on the sorption of aqueous lead by synthetic carbonate hydroxyapatite, J. Environ. Manag., 86, 319-328 (2008) @No $ @ @ Boudrahem F., Aissani-Benissad F. and Ait-Amar H., Batch sorption dynamics and equilibrium for the removal of lead ions from aqueous phase using activated carbon developed from coffee residue activated with zinc chloride, J. Environ. Manag., 90, 3031-3039 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kadirvelu K., Goe J. and Rajagopal L.,Sorption of lead, mercury and cadmium ions in multi- component system using carbon aerogel as adsorbent, J. Haz. Mat., 153, 502-507 (2008) @No $ @ @ Demanou J. and Brummett R.E., Heavy metal and faecal bacterial contamination of urban lakes in Yaoundé, Cameroon, Food Africa, 5-9 (2003) @No $ @ @ Immamuglu M., and Tekir O., Removal of copper (II) and lead (II) ions fromaqueous solutions by adsorption on activated carbon from a new precursor hazelnut husks, Desalination, 228, 108-113 (2008) @No $ @ @ Bansode R.R., Losso J.N., Marshall W.E., Rao R.M. and Portier R.J., Adsorption of metal ions by pecan shell-based granular activated carbons, Biores. Technol., 89, 115-119 (2003) @No $ @ @ Gueu S., Yao B., Adouby K. and Ado G., Heavy metals removal in aqueous solution by Activated Carbons prepared from coconuts shell and seed shell of the Palm Tree, J. Applied Sci., , 2789-2793 (2006) @No $ @ @ Nageeb R.M., Cost Effective Adsorbed Materials For Industrial Wsatewater Treatment, in Industrial Waste: Environmental Impact, Disposal and Treatment,Nova Science Publisher, 73-102 (2009) @No $ @ @ Tangjuank S., Insuk N., Udeye V. and Tontrakoon J.,Chromium (III) sorption from aqueous solutions using activated carbon prepared from cashew nut shells, Intern. J. Phys. Sci., , 412-417 (2009) @No $ @ @ Dina D.J.D., Ntieche A.R., Ndi J.N. and Ketcha Mbadcam J., Adsorption of Acetic acid onto Activated Carbons obtained from Maize Chemical Activation with Zinc chloride (ZnCl2), Res. J. Chem. Sci.,), 42-49 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ketcha M.J., Dina D.J.D., Ngomo H.M. and Ndi J.N., Preparation and Characterization of Activaed carbons Obtained from Maize Cobs by Zinc Chloride, Am. Chem. Sci. J., ), 136-160 (2012) @No $ @ @ Krupka K.M., Serne R.J. and Kaplan D.I.,Geochemical Data Package for the 2005 Hanford Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment, PNNL-13037, Rev 2, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington (2004) @No $ @ @ Lagerwerff J.V. and Brower, D.L., Exchange adsorption or precipitation of lead in soils treated with chlorides of aluminum, calcium and sodium, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 27, 1951-1954 (1973) @No $ @ @ Bittel J.R. and Miller R.J.,Lead, Cadmium, and Calcium selectivity coefficients on Montmorillonite, Illite and Kaollinite, J. Environ. Quality 3, 250-253 (1974) @No $ @ @ Zhang P.C. and Ryan J.A., Formation of pyromorphite in hydroxyapatite suspension under varying pH concentration, Environ. Sci. Technol., 32, 3318-3324         @No $ @ @ Machida M., Yamazaki R., Aikawa M. and Tatsumoto H., Role of mineralsin carbonaceous adsorbents for removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution, Sep. Purif. Technol., 46, 88-94 (2005) @No $ @ @ Weber W.J. and Smith E.H., Simulation and design models for adsorption processes, Environ. Sci. Technol., 21, 1040-1050 (1987) @No $ @ @ Koutcheiko S., Monreal C.M., Kodama H., Cracken T.M. and Kotlyar L.,Preparation and characterization of activated carbon derived from the thermo-chemical conversion of chicken manure, Biores. Technol., 98, 2459-2464 (2007) @No $ @ @ Ng C., Losso J.N., Marshall W.E., and Rao R.M., Freundlich adsorption isotherms of agricultural byproduct-based powdered activated carbons in a geosmin-water system, Biores. Technol., 85, 131–135 (2002) @No $ @ @ Martinez C.E. and Motto H.L., Solubility of lead, zinc and copper added to mineral soils, Environ. Poll., 107, 153-158 (2000) @No $ @ @ Ulrich H.J. and Degueldre C., The Sorption of Pb-210, Bi-210, and Po-210 on Montmorillonite - A Study with Emphasis on Reversibility Aspects and on the Effect of the Radioactive Decay of Adsorbed Nuclides, Radiochim. Acta, 62, 81-90 (1993) @No $ @ @ Wang T.C., Weissman J.C., Ramesla G., Varadarajan R. and Benemann J.R.,Heavy metal bonding and removal by phormidium, Env. Cont. Toxico., 60, 739-744 (1998) @No $ @ @ Srivestava S.K., Tyagi R. and Paul N., Adsorption of heavy metals on carbonaceous material developed from slurry generated fertilizer plant, Wat. Res. Rev., 23, 1161-1165 (1989) @No $ @ @ Qadeer R. and Rehan A.H., Study of adsorption of phenol by activated carbon from aqueous solutions, Turk J. 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Mat., 154, 613-622 (2008) @No $ @ @ Vadivelan V. and Kumar V.K.,Equilibrium, kinetics mechanism and process design for the sorption of the methylene blue onto rice husk, J. colloid Interface Sci., 286, 90-100 (2005) @No $ @ @ Vijayakumar G., Dharmendirakumar M., Renganathan S., Sivanesan S., Baskar G. and Kuppannagounder P.E., Removal of congo     red from aqueous solution by perlite, Clean, soil, air, water, 37, 355-364 (2009) @No 
<#LINE#>Extractive- Spectrophotometric Determination of Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II) and Cr(III) through complexation with 2,2I-ethylenebis (nitrilomethylidene) diphenol (H2EBNMDP)<#LINE#>F.S.@Nworie,@F.I.Nwabue,J.@John<#LINE#>46-51<#LINE#>7.ISCA-RJCS-2015-059.pdf<#LINE#>epartment of Industrial Chemistry, Ebonyi State University, PMB 053, Abakaliki, NIGERIA<#LINE#>16/4/2015<#LINE#>1/5/2015<#LINE#>Solvent extraction using 2,2-ethylenebis(nitrilomethylidene)diphenol as ligand has been  investigated for the spectrophotometric determination of Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II) and Cr(III). The complex  formed by HEBNMDP with the Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II) and Cr(III) ions were stable in water for  pH 8, 4, 6 and 6 respectively with a maximum of absorption at 366nm, 383nm, 415nm 405nm and molar absorptivity (Epsilon) 1.84 x 10, 2.29 x 10, 2.96 x 10 and 3.85 x 10 respectively. The combination ratio has been established using the logarithmic method to be 1:2, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:1 for Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II) and Cr(III) respectively. The proposed method was applied successfully in the determination of Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II) and Cr(III) from tap water and synthetic samples. <#LINE#> @ @ Dusky J.V. and  Sokol A., Preparation and Isolation of complexes of N, N’ -bis (salicylidene) ethylenediamine Cu(II) and Ni(II) Complexes and their structures, Coll Czech Chem Commun, , 248 (1931) @No $ @ @ Pfeiffer P., Breath E., Lubbe E. and Tsunami T., Triclische Orthokodensierte Nebenvaenzrnge, Justus Liebig Anader Chenri , 502, 84-130 (1933) @No $ @ @ Carlos B. and Hermenegildo G., Chiral Salen Complexes, An overview to recoverable and reusable Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalyst, Am. Chem, 106, 3987-4043 (2006) @No $ @ @ Zhang W., Loebach J.C., Wilson S.R. and Jacobsen E.N., Enantioselective epoxidation of unfunctonalized olefins catalysed by Salen manganese complexes, J. 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Chem Soc.J, 118, 10924-10924 (1996) @No $ @ @ Pospisil P.J., Carsten D.H. and Jacobsen E.N., X-ray Structural Studies of Highly Enantioselective Mn (Salen) epoxidation catalysts, Chem Euro j, , 974-980 (1996) @No $ @ @ Deacon G.B., Bond A.M., MacFarlane D.R., Spicier L. and Junk P.C.,  Photoactive Ruthenium Complexes-light up your life, Chemical communication of Synthetic and Catalytic Chemistry, 34, 341-343 (1997) @No $ @ @ Boghaei D.M., Bezaatpour A. and Behzad M., Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity of Novel Monomeric and Polymeric Vandyl Schiff Base Complex, J.Mol. Catalyst, 45, 12-16 (2006) @No $ @ @ Akine S., Taniguchi T. and Nabeshima T., Co-operative Formation of Pronuclear Zinc (II) through Complexation of a Tetradentate Oxine Chelate Ligand and Zinc (II) Acetate, J. Inorg Mol. Chem., 43, 6142-6144 (2004) @No $ @ @ Akine S., Takanori T., Dong W.K. and Nabeshina T., Oxine-Based Salen Type Tetradentate Ligands with high Stability against Oxine Metathesis Reaction, J. Organic. Chem, 70, 1704-1711 (2005) @No $ @ @ Akine S., Taniguchi T. and Nabeshima T., Novel Synthetic Approach to Pronuclear 3d-4f Complexes: Specific Exchange of the Cenral Metal of a Pronuclear Zinc (II) Complex of a Tetra Oxine Ligand with a Lanthanide (III). Angew, Chem Int, 41, 4670-4673 (2002) @No $ @ @ Dong W.K., Duran J.G., Wu H.L., Shi J.Y. and Yu T.Z., Crystal Structure of 2,21-(1,4-butylene) dioxine nitrilomethlidene) dinaphthol, Z Kristallogr, 221, 555-556 (2006) @No $ @ @ Calligaris M., Brancaccio R., Wilkinson G. and Gillard R.D., Comprehensive Co-ordination Chemistry, Vol. M.C. Celerity, Oxford London, Chapter 20, (1987) @No $ @ @ Shabani A.M.H., Dadfarnia S., Jafari A.A. and Shahbasi Z., Cloud point extraction combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) for ultratrace determination of lead in different samples, Canadian J. Anal. Sci. Spectra’s 51, 194 (2006) @No $ @ @ Alizadeh N.E., Nicoma S., Sharghi H. and Shamsipur M., Synthesis of a New Naphtha Derivative Salen and Spectrophotometric Study of the Thermodynamics, its Complexation with Copper (II) ion in binary Dimethylsulphoxide-acetonitrile mixtures, English. J. chem, 73(6), 915-925 (1999) @No $ @ @ Gladiola T.V., Domeanu S. and Maria S., 1-ethyl salicylidene bis ethylenediamine as reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of Mn (II) ions, J.Pharm. Anal,  2715, 827-832 (2002) @No $ @ @ El-shahawi M.S., Spectrophotometric Determination of Nickel (II) with some Schiff Base Ligand (Salen and Salophen), J. Analy. Sci, 7), 221-223 (1991) @No $ @ @ Nwabue F.I. and Okafor E.N. ,Studies on the Extraction and Spectrophotmetric Determination of Ni (II). Fe(II). Fe(III) and V(IV) with Bis (4-hydroxypent-2-ylidene) diaminoethane. Talanta, 39(3), 273-280 (1992) @No $ @ @ Vogel A.I., A Text book of Qualitative inorganic analysis. 7th Ed. Longmans, p896, (1961) @No $ @ @ Kolthoff M.K., Sandell E.B., Mechan E.J. and Bruskenstein S.,Quantitative Chemical Analysis 4thEdition pp 1161-1164 Macmillan, (1969) @No $ @ @ Mirza M.Y. and Nwabue F.I. ,1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-Benzoyl pyrazol-5-one as a group Extraction Reagent for Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Elements,Talanta,, 49-53 (1980) @No $ @ @ Nworie F.S and Nwabue F.I., A new Method for the Direct Determination of Fe(II) and Fe(III) from Water Samples through Complexation with N,Nethylenebis(salicylideneimine), HEBSAI, J. App. Chem. Sci Inter, ), 121 (2015) @No $ @ @ Chandrashekhara K.G., Gopalakrishna Bhat N. and Nagaraj P., Highly Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Micro level Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate anions by Coupling of Tetrazotized Benzidine and N,N-dimethylaniline, Res.. J.Chem. Sci , 5(2), 42-47 (2015) @No $ @ @ Prem Kumar D., Praveen Kumar A. and Raveendra Reddy P., Simultaneous Second Derivative Spectrophotometric Determination of Gold and Cobalt, Res, J. Chem. Sci., 5(2), 4-7 (2015) @No $ @ @ jagatap Swapnil P., Kolekar Sanjay S., Han Sung H. and Anuse Mansing A, Liquid-liquid Extraction of Selenium(IV) and Tellurium(IV) by N-octylcyclohexylamine followed by their Spectrophotometric Determination, Res. J. Chem. Sci, ), 72-81 (2013) @No $ @ @ Khadka D. B .and Bhattarai B., Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Amount of Nitrite in Water with 4-Aminophenylacetic Acid and Resorcinol, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 4(9), 101-107 (2014) @No $ @ @ Nikam G.H.1. and Mohite B.S., Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Separation of Cobalt(II) from Sodium Acetate media using Cyanex 272, Res. J. Chem. Sci, ), 75-82 (2012) @No $ @ @ Raoof G., Amir N and Bahram H., Chemometrics-assisted Spectrophotometric Methods for Simultaneous Determination and Complexation Study of Fe(III),Al(III) and V(V) with Morin in Micellar Media, Spectrochemica Acta PartA, 70, 824-834 (2008) @No $ @ @ ICH TopicsQ2A,Validation of Analytical Methods: Definitions and Terminology, CPMP/ICH/381/95, (1995) @No
<#LINE#>Synthesis and Characterization of Schiff base m-nitro aniline and their complexes<#LINE#>K@Muzammil,P@Trivedi,DB@Khetani<#LINE#>52-55<#LINE#>8.ISCA-RJCS-2015-060.pdf<#LINE#>Dept of Industrial Chemistry, St. Xavier’s College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, INDIA @ Dept of Chemistry, St. Xavier’s College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, INDIA<#LINE#>21/4/2014<#LINE#>27/4/2015<#LINE#>Schiff bases and their metal complexes has been a subject of research for longer period of time and till date it is. Various researchers are aggressively focusing on synthesis of various schiff bases with different metal complexes and try to identify their unique properties. Such an attempt made here to identify the antimicrobial properties of m-nitro aniline schiff base and its two metal complex derivatives made up of copper and cobalt. Synthesis was confirmed by FTIR and antimicrobial activity was determined using E.coli and B.megaterium <#LINE#> @ @ Anand P., Patil V.M., Sharma V.K., Khosa R.L. and Masand N., Schiff bases: A Review on Biological Insights Biological activities of Schiff bases, Int. J. Drug Des. Discov., 3, 851–866 (2012) @No $ @ @ Yang Z. and Sun P., Compare of three ways of synthesis of simple Schiff base., Molbank, 12–14 (2006) @No $ @ @ Savalia R.V, Patel A.P., Trivedi P.T., Gohel H.R. and Khetani D.B., Rapid and Economic Synthesis of Schiff Base of Salicylaldehyde by Microwave Irradiation., Res. J. Chem. Sci., 3, 97–99 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kumar N. and Sharma P., Synthesis of New Schiff-Base Complexes and Their Applications, Int. J. Appl. Res. study, 2, 1–6 (2013) @No $ @ @ Somani R. et al., Optimization of Microwave Assisted synthesis of some Schiff ’ s bases, Int. J. ChemTech Res., 2, 172–179 (2010) @No $ @ @ Kulshrestha A. and Baluja S., Microwave Promoted Synthesis of Some Schiff Bases, Sch. Res. Libr.2, 221–224 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mohanambal D. and S A.A., Synthesis , Characterization and Antimicrobial activity of some novel schiff Base 3d Transition Metal Complexes Derived from Dihydropyrimidinone and 4- Aminoantipyrine, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 4, 11–17 (2014) @No $ @ @ Girgaonkar, M. V and Shirodkar, S. G. Synthesis, characterization and Biological studies of Cu (II) and Ni (II) complexes with New Bidentate Shiff’s base ligands as 4-hydroxy-3-(1-(acrylimino)ethyl)chromen-2-one. Res. J. Chem. Sci.1, 110–116 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bader, N. R. applications of schiff ’ s bases chelates in quantitative analysis: a review RASAYAN J. Chem.3,660–670 (2010) @No $ @ @ Satyanarayana, V. S. V, Sreevani, P., Sivakumar, A. and Vijayakumar, V. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new Schiff bases containing coumarin moiety and their spectral characterization. Arkivoc2008, 221–233 (2008) @No $ @ @  Patel, V., Trivedi, P., Gohel, H. and Khetani, D. Synthesis and Characterization of Schiff Base of p - chloro aniline and their Metal Complexes and their evaluation for Antibacterial Activity. Int. J. Adv. Pharmacy, Biol. Chem.3, 999–1003 (2014) @No $ @ @  Ashraf, M. A., Mahmood, K., Wajid, A., Maah, M. J. and Yusoff, I. Synthesis , Characterization and Biological Activity of Schiff Bases. Int. Conf. Chem. adn Chem. Process10, 1–7 (2011) @No $ @ @  Vaqas, M. et al. Salicylaldehyde Salicyloylhydrazone-A short Review. Sci. Int.25, 85–89 (2013) @No $ @ @ Hidron, A. I., Kourbatova, E. V and Halvosa, J. S. The Science behind Antimicrobial Copper. CID 159–166 (2005) @No
<#LINE#>Assessment of Potential Toxic Fraction in Atmospheric Aerosols in Rural Environment<#LINE#>P.R.@Salve,S.R.@Wate,R.J.@Krupadam<#LINE#>56-60<#LINE#>9.ISCA-RJCS-2015-062.pdf<#LINE#>National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur-440 020, M.S., INDIA<#LINE#>23/4/2015<#LINE#>3/5/2015<#LINE#>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) has been recognized as carcinogenic and mutagenic environmental pollutants in the atmosphere. They are the products of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal and other organic materials from natural and anthropogenic sources in the rural and urban atmosphere. Eight PAHs were determined in PM10 collected at rural environment using Respirable sampler during winter, summer and post-monsoon seasons. The filters were extracted in ultrasonic bath with dichloromethane and analyzed by fluorescence technique. The total PAHs concentration varied from 2.67-17, 2.51-3.79 and 1.63-3.59 ng m-3 during winter, summer and post-monsoon season respectively. The benzo(a)pyrene and chrysene were found to be associated with particulate during all the seasons. The diagnostic ratio suggest that PAHs emissions were predominantly associated with coal, wood and biomass burning in rural environment. The higher toxic fraction observed during summer (53.8%) are probable human carcinogens associated with aerosols. Toxic equivalency factor (TEFs) of BaP estimated and expressed as BaPeq was low in concentration. The study could be of great significance for the planners while considering the environmental remedial measures. <#LINE#> @ @ Hui T.J., Seng T.H., Abas M.R. and Tahir N.M., Distribution and health risk of APHs in smoke aerosols from burning of selected garden wastes, The MJ. of Anal. Sci.,12(2), 357-366 (2008) @No $ @ @ Simoneit B.R.T and Elias V.O., Detecting organic tracers from biomass burning in the atmosphere, Mar Pollut. Bullet., 42, 805-810 (2001) @No $ @ @ Simoneit B.R.T., Rogge W.F.,  Lang Q. and Jaffe R., Molecular characterization of smoke from campfire burning on pine wood (Pinus Elliotti), Chemosphere, Global Change Science, 2, 107-122 (2000) @No $ @ @ Santos C.Y.M.D, Azevedo D.D.A. and Neto F.R.D.A., Selected organic compounds from biomass burning found in the atmosphere particulate matter over sugarcane plantation areas, Atmos. 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Nakai S., Monitoring levels of toxic air pollutants in the ambient air of freetown, Sierra Leone. Afr J of Environ Sci and Tech, 6(7), 283-292 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mayor T.U. Kapoor T.M. HaggartyT.M.King R.W. Schrieber S.L. Mitchison T.J., Small molecule inhibitor of mitotic spindle bipolarity identified in a phenotype-based screen. Science,286, 971-974 (1999) @No $ @ @ Li C.L. Fu J.M. Sheng G.Y. Bi X.H. Hao Y.M. Wang X.M, Mai B.X. Vertical distribution of PAHs in indoor and outdoor PM2.5 in Guangzhou, China. Building and Environ., 40, 329-341 (2005) @No $ @ @ Hong H.S., Yin H.L., Wang X.H. andYe C.X., Seasonal variation of PM10 bound PAHs in the atmosphere of Xiamen, China., Atmos. Res, 85, 429-441 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kulkarni P. and Venkatraman C., Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Mumbai, India, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2785-2790 (2000) @No $ @ @ Singh D.P., Gadi R. and Mandal T.K., Characterization of gaseous and particulate PAHs in ambient air of Delhi, India, Poly. Aromat compd., 32(4), 556-579 (2012) @No $ @ @ Zhang X.L., Tao S. and Liu W.X., Source diagnostic of PAHs based on species ratios: A multimedia approach, Environ Sci and Tech., 39, 9109-9114 (2005) @No $ @ @ Ravindra K.,  Benc L., Wauters E., Hoog J.D., Deutsch F., Roekens E., Bleux N., Berghmans P. and Griekens R.V., Seasonal and site specific variations in vapor and aerosols phase PAHs over flanders (Belgium) and their relation with anthropogenic activities, Atmos. Environ., 40, 771-785 (2006) @No $ @ @ Ras M.R., Marce R.M., Caudras A., Mari M., Nadal M. and Borrul F., Atmospheric levels of PAHs in gas and particulate phases from Terragona region (NE Spain)., Int. J. Environ. Anal.Chem., 89(7),  543-546 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kong S., Ding X., Bai Z., Han B., Chen L., Shi J. and Zhiyong L., A seasonal study of PAHs in PM2.5-10 in five typical cities of Loaoning Province, China, J. Hazard. Mater., 183, 70-80 (2010) @No $ @ @ Lodocici M., Venturini M., Marini E., Grechib D. and Dolara P., Ploycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons air levels in Florence, Italy and their correlation with other pollutants, Chemosphere., 50, 377-382 (2003) @No $ @ @ Akyuz M. and Cabuk H., Meteorological variations of PM2.5/PM10 concentration and particulate associated PAHs in the atmospheric environment of Zonguldak, Turkey, J. Hazard. Mater.,170, 13-21 (2009) @No $ @ @ Wang G.H., Huang L.M., Zhao X., Niu H.Y. and Dai Z.X., Aliphatic and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of atmospheric aerosols in five locations of Nanjing urban area, China, Atmos. Res., 81, 54-66 (2006) @No 
<#LINE#>Polypyrrole Nanonetwork Embedded in Polyvinyl Alcohol as Ammonia Gas Sensor<#LINE#>Kabita@Baruah,Mausumi@Das,Deepali@Sarkar<#LINE#>61-68<#LINE#>10.ISCA-RJCS-2015-063.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Physics, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam, INDIA<#LINE#>23/4/2015<#LINE#>30/4/2015<#LINE#>Polypyrrole (PPy) is known for its wide variation of electrical property through doping (oxidation) and dedoping (reduction). This has been efficiently utilized for fabrication of gas sensors.  PPy in its nano form is known to enhance this property even further. In this article we have presented ammonia sensing by PPy nano networks developed in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. Prior to the gas sensing study, the composite films are characterized by FESEM, XRD, FTIR and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. These confirm formation of network, evidence of presence of PPy and PPy-PVA cross linking and moderately high in-plane electrical conductivity with ohmic nature of I-V.  Ammonia sensing using this template as chemiresistor shows appreciable change in sensitivity in moderately low response time with fair reversibility. <#LINE#> @ @ Shirakawa H, Louis EJ, MacDiarmid Alan G, Chiang Chwan and Heeger Alan J.,Synthesis of electrically conducting organic polymers: halogen derivatives of polyacetylene, (CH) x J. Chem. Soc., Chem. 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Lett.,19, 463 (1993) @No $ @ @ Akic M., Baristiran C. and Sonmez G., Highly surfaced polypyrrole nano-networks and nano-fibers, Journal of Material Science 414678-4683 (2006) @No $ @ @ Heeger A.J., Semiconducting and metallic polymers: the fourth generation of polymeric materials, Synthetic Metals, 125, 23-42 (2001) @No $ @ @ Anuar K., Abdullah A.H. and Idris Z, Preparation and Characterization of Polypyrrole Prepared by Non Electrochemical Method, Journal of Ultra Scientist of Physical Sciences 2, 12 (2001) @No $ @ @ Chouvy C.D., Template-free one-step electrochemical formation of polypyrrole nanowire array,Electrochemistry Communications, 11, 298-301 (2009) @No $ @ @ Eisazadeh H., Studying the Characteristics of Polypyrrole and its Composites, World Journal of Chemistry, , 67-74 (2007) @No $ @ @ Min Wei and Yun Lu, Templating fabrication of polypyrrole nanorods/nanofibers, Synthetic Metals, 159, 1061-1066 (2009) @No $ @ @ Percec S, Bolas C, Howe L, Brill DJ and Li J, In situ polymerization and morphology of polypyrrole obtained in water-soluble polymer templates, Journal of Polymer Science Part A, Polymer Chemistry, 50, 4966-4976 (2012) @No $ @ @ Joo J., Chung Y.C., Lee J.K., Hong J.K, Lee W.P., Epstein A.J. ,Woo H.S., Jang K.S. and Oh E.J., Charge Transport Study of Chemically Synthesized Polypyrroles Soluble in Organic Solvents, Synthetic Metals, 84, 831-832 (1997) @No $ @ @ Bhat N.V., Gadre A.P. and Bambole V.A., Structural and electrical properties of electropolymerized polypyrrole composite films, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 80, 2511–2517 (2001) @No $ @ @ Yoon H., Chang M. and Jang J, Sensing behaviors of polypyrrole nanotubes prepared in reverse microemulsions: Effects of transducer size and transduction mechanism, J. 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<#LINE#>Effect of Salinity and Iron Stressed on Growth and Lipid Accumulation In Skeletonema costatum for Biodiesel Production<#LINE#>.G@Sasireka,R@Muthuvelayudham<#LINE#>69-72<#LINE#>11.ISCA-RJCS-2015-064.pdf<#LINE#> Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, TN-608 002, INDIA <#LINE#>23/4/2015<#LINE#>7/5/2015<#LINE#>High lipid content from selective algal species is the potential source of biodiesel production. Skeletonema costatum is the most attractive algae species for biodiesel production, with low lipid content. Therefore, research work is focused on increasing the lipid content and growth rate by varying the factors like salt and iron concentration which enhance the biodiesel production from Skeletonema costatum. The Skeletonema costatum was grown in Conway’s medium at constant pH and temperature of 7 and 24C respectively for 12 days of incubation in a batch reactor. NaCl and ferrous sulphate were used as the salt and iron source respectively. Various concentrations of NaCl and ferrous sulphate were 0.1mM, 0.2mM, 0.3Mm, 0.4mM, 0.5mM and 10µM, 20µM, 30µM, 40µM, 50µM respectively.30µM FeSO.7HO and 0.4 mM NaCl resulted the highest growth rate of 0.25 d-1 and 0.32 d-1respectively. Also, maximum lipid content of 65.8 %CDW was found at 0.4mM of NaCl and 48.5%CDW was obtained with 30µM of FeSO.7HO resulted. Thus, it can be concluded that the presence of NaCl and FeSO.7HO in the media increases the lipid content of Skeletonema costatum after 12 days of incubation, when comparing with the corresponding controls.  <#LINE#> @ @ Nita R., Effect of nutrient depletion and temperature stressed on growth and lipid accumulation In marine –green algae Nannochloropsis sp.,  Americal J Res. Communication., (2013) @No $ @ @ Antony R.S., Robinson S.D.S. and Lindon R.L.C., Biodiesl production from Jatropha oil and its characterization, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 1(1), 81-87 (2011) @No $ @ @ Aparna G., A study of mcronutrients in soils of different places around Indore, MP, India, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 5(3), 53-56 (2015) @No $ @ @ Vandna P., Ravindra S., Pankaj G. and Kumar P.R., Microalgae as emerging source of energy: A review, Res. J. Chem Sci., 5(3), 63-68 (2015) @No $ @ @ Liu Z.Y., et al., Effect of ion on growth and lipid accumulation in chlorella vulgaris, International journal of Energy and Environ. Eng.,99 ,4717-4722 (2008) @No $ @ @ Jaruwan C. Pan-utai W. Tareen A.K, Sultan I.N., Sunpamongkolchai W. and Parakulsuksatid P., Screening of high lipid content microalgae for biodiesel production, The 26th Annual Meeting of the Thai Society for Biotechnology and International Conference. 13-20 (2014) @No $ @ @ Nana A. J., Growth and photosynthesis response of the green alga, Picochlorum oklahomensis to iron limitation and salinity stress, Int. J. Plant physiology and Biochem.,6(1),7-18 (2014) @No $ @ @ Ying Shen et al., Effect of nitrogen and extraction method on algae lipid yield, Int.J. Agri. Biotechnol.,2(1), 51-57 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sanjay B., Non-conventional seed oils a potential feedstock for future biodiesel industries: a brief review, Res. J. Chem Sci., 3(5), 99-103 (2013) @No $ @ @ Mandal S. and Mallick, Biodiesel production by the green microalga Scenedesmus obliquus in a recirculatory aquaculture system,  Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 78, 5929-5933 (2012) @No $ @ @ Niels H. Ingolf P. and Frank B., Biomass productivity and productivity of fatty acids and amino acids of microalgae strains as key characteristics of suitability for biodiesel production, J. Appl. Phycol., 24, 1407-1418 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bligh E.G. and Dyer W.J., A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification, Canaian J Biochem. Physiol., 37(8)911-917 (1959) @No $ @ @ Nichols H.,Growth media, freshwater, In: Handbook of Physiological methods, Culture methods and Growth measurements (Ed. By Stein J. and Hellebust J.A.,), Cambridge University Press, New York, 7-24 (1973) @No $ @ @ Hyder S.Z and Greenway H., Effects of Ca++ on plant sensitivity to high NaCl Concentration, Plant soil., (23), 258-260 (1965) @No 
<#LINE#>Molecular Characterization of Nicotinein Mainstream Cigarette Smoking<#LINE#>C.C.@Kurgat,J.K.@Kibet,P.K.@Cheplogoi,O.M.@Omari,C.A.@Adika<#LINE#>73-77<#LINE#>12.ISCA-RJCS-2015-066.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, P.O Box 536, Egerton, KENYA @ Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Moi University, P.O Box 3900, Eldoret, KENYA<#LINE#>28/4/2015<#LINE#>3/5/2015<#LINE#>The most studied plant in the plant kingdom owing to its use in form of cigarettes and consequently its poisonous nature is tobacco. This paper therefore investigates one of the most addictive alkaloids (nicotine) in tobacco believed not only to be carcinogenic but also a precursor for other health problems bedeviling smokers. In this work, two commercial cigarette brands, SM1 and ES1 are explored for evolution of nicotine over a modest temperature range of 200 – 700  C at 1 atmosphere under conditions representative of real world cigarette smoking. 1µL of cigarette pyrolysate collected in methanol was injected into a gas-chromatograph hyphenated to a mass selective detector (MSD). The peak area for nicotine for all the pyrolysis temperatures was recorded and consequently, product distribution curves of nicotine in each cigarette brand were reported. It is evident from the results that ES1 cigarette yields high levels of nicotine over the entire pyrolysis temperature range. At 400  C, the concentration of nicotine from ES1 was 7.90 x 10 GC-area counts while that of SM1 was 6.39 x 10 GC-area counts. Nonetheless, the concentration of nicotine for SM1 cigarette brand peaked at about 500  C and decreased exponentially to 8.8 x 10 GC-area counts at 700  C. Based on these results alone, it can be deduced that ES1 cigarette is more toxic than SM1 cigarette. The toxicity indices for nicotine and its corresponding nicotinyl radical were determined using Quantitative Structural Activity Relation (QSAR) in HyperChem computational program and found to be 0.22 and 0.74 respectively. These toxicity values are referenced to the partition coefficient between octanol and water. The consequences of nicotine exposure have also been discussed in this paper.  <#LINE#> @ @ Busch C., Streibel T., Liu C., McAdam K.G. and Zimmermann R., Pyrolysis and combustion of tobacco in a cigarette smoking simulator under air and nitrogen atmosphere, Ana.l and Bioanal. Chem., 403, 419-430 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mitschke S., Adam T., Streibel T., Baker R.R. and Zimmermann R., Application of time-of-flight mass spectrometry with laser-based photoionization methods for time-resolved on-line analysis of mainstream cigarette smoke, Anal. Chem, 77, 2288-2296 (2005) @No $ @ @ Baker R.R., Sugars, carbonyls and smoke, Food and Chemical Toxicol., 45, 1783-1786 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kelly Cho JCF, Heping Zhang, Laura L. Miller and Jeffrey R, Gruen. Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Impaired Reading Performance, The J. of Pediatrics, 162, 713-718 (2013) @No $ @ @ Feng J.W., Zheng S.K. and Maciel G.E., EPR investigations of charring and char/air interaction of cellulose, pectin, and tobacco, Energy and Fuels, 18, 560-568 (2004) @No $ @ @ Czegeny Z. et al., Formation of selected toxicants from tobacco under different pyrolysis conditions, J. of Anal. and Appl. Pyrolysis, 85, 47-53 (2009) @No $ @ @ Talhout R., Opperhuizen A. and van Amsterdam J.G.C., Sugars as tobacco ingredient: Effects on mainstream smoke composition, Food and Chemical Toxico., 44, 1789-1798 (2006) @No $ @ @ Duncan JR G.M., Myers MM, Fifer WP, Yang M and Kinney HC, Prenatal nicotine-exposure alters fetal autonomic activity and medullary neurotransmitter receptors: implications for sudden infant death syndrome, J. Appl. Physiol., 107, 1579-1590 (2009) @No $ @ @ Neha G. and Derek D.R., A transport model for nicotine in the tracheobronchial and pulmonary region of the lung, Inhalation Toxico., 22, 42-48 (2010) @No $ @ @ Srivastava K.P. and Kumar S.V., Impact of Air-Pollution on pH of soil of Saran, Bihar, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., , 9-13 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ovide F.P. and Rosecrans J., Neuroregulatory effects of nicotine, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 14, 407-423 (1989) @No $ @ @ Stephen S.H., Lung carcinogenesis by tobacco smoke, Int. J. of Cancer, 2724-2732 (2012) @No $ @ @ Zhao G., Ford E.S, Tsai J., Li C., Ahluwalia I. B. and Pearson W.S., Trends in health-related behavioral risk factors among pregnant women in the United States, J. Womens Health, 21, 255-263 (2012) @No $ @ @ Idris M.A., Idris O.F. and Sabahelkhier M.K., The Effects of Induced Hyperthyroidism on Plasma FSH and LH Concentrations in Female of Wistar Rats, Res.J.Recent Sci., , 55-57 (2012) @No $ @ @ Pawar M.J. and Nimbalkar V.B., Synthesis and phenol degradation activity of Zn and Cr doped TiONanoparticles, Res. J. Chem. Sci., , 32-37 (2011) @No $ @ @ Siegel R., Naishadham D. and Jemal A., Cancer statistics, CA Caner J .Clin., 62, 10-29 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hecht S.S., Carcinogenicity studies of inhaled cigarette smoke in laboratory animals: old and new, Carcinogenesis, 26, 88-92 (2005) @No $ @ @ Wu F., Groopman J.D. and Pestka J. J.,  Public Health Impacts of Foodborne Mycotoxins, Annual Review of Food Sci. and Tech., , 51-72 (2014) @No $ @ @ Schlotzhauer W.S., Martin R.M., Snook M. E. and Williamson R.E.,  Pyrolytic studies on the contribution of tobacco leaf constituents to the formation of smoke catechols, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 30(1982) @No $ @ @ Kibet J.K., Khachatryan L. and Dellinger B., Molecular products from the pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis of tyrosine, Chemosphere, 91, 1026-1034 (2013) @No $ @ @ Baker R. R. and Bishop L.J., The pyrolysis of tobacco ingredients, J. of Anal. and Appl. Pyrolysis, 71, 223-311 (2004) @No $ @ @ Wang  S.F., Liu B.Z., Sun K.J. and Su Q.D., Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons formed during the pyrolysis of phenylalanine, J. of Chromatography A, 1025, 255-261 (2004) @No $ @ @ Nair A.T., Pharmaceuticals in Environment: A review on its effect, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2, 103-105 (2011) @No $ @ @ Medjor O.W., Egharevba F., Akpoveta O.V., Ize-lyamu O.K. and Jatto E.O., Kinetic Studies of Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Groundwater, Res. J. Chem. Sci., , 38-44 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bolton J. L., Trush M.A., Penning T.M., Dryhurst G. and Monks T.J.,  Role of quinones in toxicology, Chem. Res. in Toxico., 13, 135-160 (2000) @No $ @ @ Kehrer J.P., Mossman B.T., Sevanian A., Trush M.A. and Smith A.T., Contemporary issues in toxicology, Toxico. and appl. Pharmacology, 95, 349-362 (1988) @No $ @ @ Kibet J., Khachatryan L. and Dellinger B., Molecular Products and Radicals from Pyrolysis of Lignin, Env. Sci. and Tech., 46, (2012) @No $ @ @ HyperChem®, HyperChem Release, 7. HyperChem, , 1-2170 (2002) @No $ @ @ Smith C.J. and Hansch C., The relative toxicity of compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke condensate, Food and Chem. Toxico., 38, 637-646 (2000) @No $ @ @ Debnath A.K., Shusterman A.J., deCompadre R.R.L. and Hansch C., Importance of the hydrophobic interaction in the mutagenicity of organic compounds, Mutation Res., 305, 63-72 (1994) @No 
<#LINE#>Kinetic Study on Anodic Growth of Film on Tantalum in Aqueous Succinic Acid<#LINE#>BalRaj@Deshwal,Neha@Kundu<#LINE#>78-84<#LINE#>13.ISCA-RJCS-2015-067.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, A. I. J. H. M. College, Rohtak, 124001 (Haryana), INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, D. C. R. Univ. of  Sci. and Technol., Sonipat, 131001 (Haryana), INDIA<#LINE#>3/5/2015<#LINE#>9/5/2015<#LINE#>The present manuscript attempts to investigate the anodic growth of film on tantalum at various current densities (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 mAcm-2) in presence of 0.1N solutions of succinic acid (prepared in 1:1 v/v of ethanol + water) at four different temperatures (288.15, 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15K). The constants A and B of Guntherschulze-Betz empirical equation have been determined. The value of A varied with temperature but the value of B was found independent of temperature, which implies the non-dependence of Tafel slope on temperature. Quadratic variation of field strength with ionic current density was examined critically in view of Dignam model. The zero field activation energy (f), dimensionless quantity (C), zero field activation dipole (), net activation energy W (E) and Morse function parameter (w) of Dignam model were evaluated. The effects of temperature and current density on various parameters of Dignam model have been discussed. Quadratic term contributed significantly which elucidates that single-barrier theory does not explain the data satisfactorily. <#LINE#> @ @ EI-Mahdy G.A., Formation and dissolution behaviour of niobium oxide in phosphoric acid solutions, Thin Solid films,307, 141-147 (1997) @No $ @ @ Kamada K., Mukai M. and Matsumoto Y., Anodic dissolution of tantalum and niobium in acetone solvent with halogen additives for electrochemical synthesis of Ta and Nb thin films, Electrochim. Acta, 49(2), 321-327 (2004) @No $ @ @ Smallwood R.E., Use of Refractory Metals in Chemical Process Industries: In Refractory Metals and their Industrial Application, ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, 106 (1984) @No $ @ @ Frost B.R.T., Nuclear Fuels Elements: Design, Fabrication and Performance, Pergamon Press, Oxford, (1982) @No $ @ @ Sikula J., Hlavka J., Sedlakova V. and Grmela L., Conductivity Mechanisms and Breakdown Characteristics of Niobium Oxide Capacitors, AVX Corporation, (2003) @No $ @ @ Geld I., Cathodic Protection Anode with Sections Replaceable under Water, US Pat., 3, 718, 570, (1973) @No $ @ @ Guntherschulze A. and Betz H., Die bewegung der ionengitter von isolatoren bei extremen elektrischen feldstarken, Z. Phys., 92(5-6), 367-374 (1934) @No $ @ @ Cabrera N. and Mott N.F., Theory of the Oxidation of Metals, Rep. Prog. Phys., 12, 163 (1949) @No $ @ @ Diggle W.J., Anodic Oxide and Oxide Films, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, , 92 (1972) @No $ @ @ Dewald J.F., A theory of the kinetics of formation of anode films at high fields, J. Electrochem. Soc., 102(1), 1-6 (1955) @No $ @ @ Dignam M.J., High field intrinsic ionic conduction in solids, J. Electrochem. Soc., 126(12), 2188-2195 (1979) @No $ @ @ Nigam R.K., Singh K.C. and Maken S., Anodic oxidation of niobium in aqueous solution of weak organic acids,Thin Solid Films,155(1), 115-124 (1987) @No $ @ @ Young L., Anodic Oxide Films, Academic Press, New York, (1961) @No $ @ @ Kalra K.C., Katyal P. and Singh K.C., Anodic oxidation of tantalum in aqueous electrolytes, Thin Solid Films, 177(1-2), 35-47 (1989) @No $ @ @ Kalra K.C., Singh K.C. and Singh M., Ionic conduction in anodic oxide films on titanium in mixed solutions of aqueous electrolytes and diethylene glycol, Thin Solid Films, 239, 99-103 (1994) @No $ @ @ Young L., The determination of the thickness, dielectric constant, and other properties of anodic oxide films on tantalum from the interference colours, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A, 244, 41-43 (1958) @No $ @ @ Zurer P.S., C and EN's Washington, (2003) @No $ @ @ Alsabet M., Gorden M. and Jerkiewicz G., Comprehensive study of the growth of thin oxide layers on Pt electrodes under well-defined temperature, potential, and time conditions, J. Electroanal. Chem., 589, 120-127 (2006) @No $ @ @ Vijh A.K., Relationship between band gaps of oxides and the standard electrode potentials of oxide electrodes, Electrochim. Acta, 17(1), 91-97 (1972) @No $ @ @ Hukovic M.M. and Grubac Z., The growth kinetics of thin anodic WO films investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, J. Electroanal. Chem., 556, 167-178 (2003) @No $ @ @ Poznyak S.K., Talapin D.V. and Kulak A.I., Electrochemical oxidation of titanium by pulsed discharge in electrolyte, J. Electroanal. Chem., 579(2), 299-310 (2005) @No $ @ @ Mogoda A.S., El-Taib Heakal F. and Ghoneim A.A., Formation and dissolution behaviour of ZrO film in PO acid solutions, Thin Solid Films, 219, 146-152 (1992) @No $ @ @ Kotz R., Schnyder B. and Barbero C., Anodic oxidation of aluminium in sulphuric acid monitored by ex-situ and in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry, Thin Solid Films, 233, 63-68 (1993) @No $ @ @ Heidelberg A., Rozenkranz C., Schultze J.W., Schapers, T. and Staikov G., Localized electrochemical oxidation of thin Nb Films in microscopic and nanoscopic dimensions, Surface Science, 597(1-3), 173-180 (2005) @No $ @ @ Ikonopisov S., Theory of electrical breakdown during formation of barrier anodic films, Electrochim. Acta, 22(10), 1077-1082 (1977) @No $ @ @ Axelrod N.N. and Schwartz N., Asymmetric conduction in thin film tantalum/tantalum oxide/metal structures: interstitial and substitutional impurity effects and direct detection of flaw breakdown, J. Electrochem. Soc., 116, 460-465 (1969) @No 
<#LINE#>Ionic liquid as Green solvent for ?-alkylation of Active Methyelne Compounds<#LINE#>Geeta@Kotian<#LINE#>85-88<#LINE#>14.ISCA-RJCS-2015-071.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, St. Xavier’s, Autonomous, College, Mumbai 400 001, INDIA<#LINE#>11/5/2015<#LINE#>14/5/2015<#LINE#>A selective monoalkylation of active methylene compounds with various alkyl halides in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim] [PF] ionic liquid is reported here. The product can be recovered by vacuum distillation and the ionic liquid can be recycled without any loss in yield.  <#LINE#> @ @ Adams C.H., Earle M.J. Roberts G and Seddon K.R., Friedel-Crafts reactions in room temperature ionic liquids, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 2097, (1998) @No $ @ @ Khadilkar B.M and Rebeiro G.L., Benzoylation in room temperature ionic liquids, Synth. Commun.,30, 1605 (2000) @No $ @ @ Saurez P.A.Z., Dulluis J.E.L., Einloft S., De Souza R.F and Dupont J., The use of new ionic liquids in two-phase catalytic hydrogenation reaction by rhodium complexes,  Polyhedron, 15, 1217 (1996) @No $ @ @ Virginie Le B and Rene G., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 22, 2195 (2000) @No $ @ @ Khadilkar B.M and Rebeiro G.L., Chloroaluminate ionic liquid for Fischer indole synthesis, Synthesis, , 370 (2001) @No $ @ @ Khadilkar B.M and Khandekar A.C., Pechmann Reaction in Chloroaluminate Ionic Liquid, Synlet, , 152 (2002) @No $ @ @ Earle M.J., McCormac P.B and Seddon K.R., Regioselective alkylation in ionic liquids, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 2245 (1998) @No $ @ @ Wheeler C., West K.N., Liotta C.L and Eckert C.A., Ionic liquids as catalytic green solvents for nucleophilic displacement reactions, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 887 (2001) @No $ @ @ Ratti R., Use of Non-Conventional Reaction Media: A Green Approach, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 5(3), 77-89 (2015) @No $ @ @ Gogoi S., Enzymatic Bioconversion in Non-conventional Media, Res.J.chem.sci., 4(11), 103-116 (2014) @No $ @ @ Mohd S., Sayyed H. , Sayyed A. , Pradhan V. and Mazahar F., Thermodynamic Characteristics of Solvents: A Review, Res. J. chem. sci., 3(11), 98-104 (2013) @No $ @ @ Dharaskar S.A., Ionic Liquids (A Review): The Green Solvents for Petroleum and Hydrocarbon Industries, Res. J. chem. sci., 2(8), 80-85 (2012) @No $ @ @ Starks C.L., Liotta C. L and Halpern M., Phase-transfer catalysis reactions with strong bases. Phase Transfer Catalysis, Chapman and Hall, London, 383 (1994) @No $ @ @ Cope A.C., Holmes H.L and House, H.O., The alkylation of esters and nitriles. Organic Reactions, John Wiley and Sons, New York, , 107 (1957) @No $ @ @ Masamune S., Phase-transfer alkylation of nitriles: phenylbutyronitrile, Organic Synthesis, ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, 55, 91 (1976) @No $ @ @ Huddleston J.G., Willauer H. D., Swatloski R.P.,  Visser A.E and Rogers R.D., Room temperature ionic liquids as novel media for ‘clean’ liquid-liquid extraction, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1765 (1998) @No $ @ @ Khadilkar B.M and Rebeiro G.L., Microwave assisted synthesis of room temperature ionic liquid precursors in closed vessel, Organic Process Research and Development,6(6), 826 (2002) @No 
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Drug of Abuse: Precursor Chemicals<#LINE#>Kavita@Goyal,Jaskaran@Singh,S.K.@Shukla<#LINE#>89-91<#LINE#>15.ISCA-RJCS-2015-051.pdf<#LINE#> Amity University, Noida, U.P., INDIA<#LINE#>1/4/2015<#LINE#>22/4/2015<#LINE#>These days precursor chemicals are one of the most common cause of drug abuse problems worldwide. Most of the cases are reported in past few years in forensic labs in which ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and phenylpropanolamine were detected. Since reports predict about new harmful substances which are being emerging with unfailing regularities of drug scene, it is now challenged to speed and creativity in the analysis of these new psychotropic substances. This is an alarming drug problem arising in inflating rate. But, these drugs are sold via the internet and show more deleterious effects than other traditional medicines. The limitless scope to change the composition of chemical structure of new psychotropic substances and formulations shows outpacing exploration into international control. In this paper an determined attempt has been inculcated to show the factors and causes responsible for  inflating abuse of these precursor chemicals. <#LINE#> @ @ International search report issued in application no. pct/us2011/039046., Feb 9, (2012) @No $ @ @ U.S.appl.no .11/520, 497 entitled, method of reducing plasma stabilization time in a cyclic deposition process filed sep2012, (2006) @No $ @ @ Martindale: Edited by Reynolds JEF, ed. Martindale: the complete drug reference (29th Ed.), London: Pharmaceutical Press, (1989) @No $ @ @ Budavari S, editor. The Merck Index: An encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs, and biological, (12th edition), (2013) @No $ @ @ Patil Popat N., Tye A. and LaPidus J.B., A pharmacological study of ephedrine isomers, JPET, 148(2), 158–168 (1965) @No $ @ @ Sulzer, D.; Sonders, M.S.; Poulsen, N.W. et al., Mechanism of neurotransmitter release - a review Prog. Neurobiol., (6), 406–33 (2005) @No $ @ @ Westfall DP and Westfall TC, Chapter 12: Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists: classification of sympathomimetic drugs, In Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. Goodman and Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (12th ed.),  New York: McGraw, (2011) @No $ @ @ American Medical Association, AMA Department of Drugs, AMA Drug Evaluations, PSG Publishing Co., Inc., 627(1977) @No $ @ @ Thomson Micromedex,Drug Information for the Health Care Professional, Volume 1, Greenwood Village, Co., 2452 (2007) @No $ @ @ Drew CD., Knight GT, Hughes DT and Bush M., Comparison of the effects  of D-()-ephedrine and L-(+)-pseudoephedrine on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in man, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 6(3), 221–225 (1978) @No $ @ @ The challenge of new psychotropic substances, A report from the Global Smart Programme,  March, (2013) @No