@Research Paper
<#LINE#>A preliminary survey of Heavy metals concentrations in Children playground within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria<#LINE#>N.Verla@Evelyn,A.Ibutume@Spiff,M.Jnr@Horsfall<#LINE#>1-8<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJCS-2015-128.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, P. M. B. 1526, NIGERIA @ Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences,  University of Port Harcourt, P. M. B. 5323, Port Harcourt, NIGERIA<#LINE#>5/9/2015<#LINE#>15/10/2015<#LINE#>Pollution of children’s playgrounds by heavy metals from various anthropogenic sources has received little attention despite the fact that Nigeria recently recorded the worst heavy metals disaster involving children. In this study eight heavy metal concentrations in a total of thirty six soil samples collected from nine playgrounds in south eastern Nigeria were investigated using the A Analyst 400 Perkin Elmer. Results of maximum metal concentrations revealed the trend; Zn (168.74 mg/Kg) > Ni (94.48 mg/Kg) > Cu (76.89 mg/Kg) > Cr (27.23 mg/Kg) > Co (13.21mg/Kg) > Pb (6.52 mg/Kg) > Mn (8.86 mg/Kg) > Cd (0.93mg/Kg). Though highest, Zn concentrations were only 1.01% to 2.4% of Queensland threshold and WHO standards values and so metal concentrations were considered low. Therefore based on the present results public school playgrounds within Owerri municipal do not pose a serious pollution threat. However the accumulation of these metals in school playgrounds could result to contamination and pollution problems in the long run.<#LINE#> @ @ Annao W.L., Nurdans D.A.K, Cheung CC and Mingh W., Heavy Metals Concentrations of Surface Dust from Waste Recycling and Its Human Health Implications in Southeast China, Environ. Sc. and Tech., 42(7), 2671-2680 (2008) @No $ @ @ Nriagu J., Oleru T.N.,  Cudjoe C. and Chine A., Lead poisoning of children in Africa, III. Kaduna, Nigeria, The Sc. of the Tot. Environ., 197, 13-19 (1997) @No $ @ @ Aliyu M., Zakari Y.I, Ibeanu I.G.E. and Akpa T.C., Evaluation of lead concentration levels of children’s playground in Kaduna state schools, Bayero Journ. of  Pure and Appl. Sc., (2), 105–109 (2009) @No $ @ @ UNICEF Childhood Lead Poisoning: Information for Advocacy and Action. 3 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, U.S.A. (1997) @No $ @ @ Dilek G.J. Maynard., Heavy Metal contamination in highway soils: Comparision of Corpus Christi, Texas and Cincinnati Ohio Shows Organic Matter is key to Molity. Clean Techn. Cinimatics, Environ Policy, 235-245 (2003) @No $ @ @ De-Miguel E, Iribarren I, Chacon E, Ordonez A and Charlesworth S.,  Risk-based evaluation of the exposure of children to trace elements in playgrounds in Madrid (Spain), Chemosphere, 66, 505–513 (2007) @No $ @ @ Li X.D., Poon C.S. and Liu P.S., Heavy metal contamination of urban soils and street dusts in Hong Kong, Appl. Geochem., 16, 1361–1368 (2001) @No $ @ @ Chen T.B., Zheng Y.M., Chen H. and Zheng G.D., Background concentrations of soil heavy metals in Beijing, Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 25, 117–22(2004) @No $ @ @ Nriagu J.O., A silent epidemic of environmental metal poisoning, Environtl. Pollut., 50, 139-161 (1988) @No $ @ @ Alloway B.J and Ayres D.C., Chemical principles of Environmental pollution, 2nd edition, Blackie Academic and professional, London, 157–245 (2002) @No $ @ @ Orisakwe O.E., Nduka J.K., Amadi C.N., Dike D.O. and Bede O., Heavy metals health risk assessment for population via consumption of food crops and fruits in Owerri, South Eastern, Nigeria, Chem. Cent. Journ., , 77 (2012) @No $ @ @ Jaradat Q.M., Monani K.A., Contamination of roadside soil, plant and air with heavy metal in Jordan, a comparative study, Turkish .J. Chem, 23, 209-220 (1999) @No $ @ @ Alloway B.J., Heavy Metal in solid 2nd edition, Blackie and Sons, Glasgo, 96-153 (1995) @No $ @ @ Ljung KO Schinus and E. Otabbong, Metal in soil of children’s Urban environment in the small northern European city of Uppsala, Sc. of the Totl. Environ., 366(2-3), 749–759 (2006) @No $ @ @ Horsfall M. Jnr. and Spiff A.I., Principles of Environmental pollution, and toxicology and waste management, Onyoma Research Publications, 16-17 (2013) @No $ @ @ Huo X., Peng L., Xu X.J., Zheng L.K., Qiu B., Qi Z.L., Zhang B., Han D., Piao Z.X., Elevated blood lead levels of children in Guiyu, an electronic waste recycling town in China, Environ.Health Perspect, 15, 1113–1117 (2007) @No $ @ @ Chukuma C.S., Evaluating Baseline data for Trace elements, pH, organic matter content and bulk density in agricultural soils in Nigeria, Water, air, soil pollut., 86, 13-34 (1996) @No $ @ @ Horsfall M. Jnr., Chemistry and heavy metals are Janus faced, An inaugural lecture series no. 81st, Department of pure and Industrial chemistry, university of Port Harcourt, November (2011) @No $ @ @ Biasioli M, Grcman H, Kralj T, Madrid F, Daz-Barrientos E and Ajmone-Marsan F., Potentially toxic elements contamination in urban soils: A comparison of three European cities, J. Environ. Qual., 36, 70–79(2007) @No $ @ @ Awofolu O.R., A survey of trace metals in vegetation, soil and lower animals along some selected major and minor roads in metropolitan city of Lagos, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,105, 431–47 (2005) @No $ @ @ Lim M.C.H, Auoko G.A. and Morawska L., Characterization of elemental and polycyclic aromatic hydro carbon composition of Urban air in Brisbane, Homaspheric Environment, 39(3), 463–476 (2005) @No $ @ @ Mielke H.W.,  Multiple metal accumulation as a factor in learning achievement within various New Orleans elmentary school communities, Environtl. Res., 97(1),67-75 (2004) @No $ @ @ Bearer C.F., Enviromental health hazards how children are different from Adults: The future of Children Critical issues for Children and Youths, 5, 2 (1995) @No $ @ @ Sumer/ fall.http://www future of children.Org/pubs-info 28-25/ pubs-info.htm? docid=70953 24.America Academy of Pediatrics, children’s Health and the Environment, A global perspective. A source guide for the health sector, WHO. http:// www.agilent.com/chem. (2005) @No $ @ @ America Academy of Pediatric Committee on Environmental Health. 2nd ed. Etzel RA, Ed Eik Grove village, IL 297 (2003) @No $ @ @ Kord B., Mataji A. and Babaie S., Pine (Pinus eldarica Medw.) needles as indicator for heavy metals pollution, International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 7,79–84 (2010) @No $ @ @ Onweremadu E.U.,  Amaechi J.U. and Ndukwu B.N., Vertical Distribution of Cadmium and Lead on Soils Affected by Metropolitan Refuse Disposal in Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria, Iranica Journ. of Ergy and Environ., 2(1), 62-67 (2011) @No $ @ @ Verla E.N, Verla A.W., C.A Ike-Amadi and Odoemelam S.A., Heavy Metals Status in Soils of Industrial and   Residential Areas of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, Paper In Proceedings of the of 35th AnnualInternational Conference of Chem. Soc. of Nig., at Federal University of technology Owerri, Imo State in, 1, 342-347 (2012) @No $ @ @ Princewill C.O., Scholastica N.N. and  Jaime A.T.S., Heavy metal pollution in soil and plants at bone char site, Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry,93(10),1925-1933 (2011) @No $ @ @ Needleman H.L., Low level lead exposure and childrens intelligence: A quantitative and critical review of modern studies. Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Heavy Metals in the Environment, New Orleans. Volume 1. CEP Consultants Ltd., Edinburg, 1-8 (1987) @No $ @ @ Jarosinska D., Biesiada M. and Miszynska-Grace M., Enviromental burden of disease due to lead in Urban Children from Silesia, Poland, Sc. of the Totl. Environ., 367, 71-79 (2006) @No $ @ @ Zhu W., Bian B. and Li. L., Heavy metal contamination of road: Deposition sedimemt in a medium size city of China, Environ. Monit. and Assess., 147,  1-3, 171-181 (2008) @No $ @ @ Stutter M.I., Deeks L.E. and Billet M.F., Spatial variability in soil ion exchange chemistry in a granitic upland catchment, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.,68, 1304-1314 (2004) @No $ @ @ Akpoveta O.V, Osakwe S.A, Okoh BE, Otuya BO., Physicochemical Characteristics and Levels of Some Heavy Metals in Soils around Metal Scrap Dumps in Some Parts of Delta State, Nigeria, J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage., 14(4), 57–60 (2010) @No $ @ @ Zakir H.M., Shhikazono N. and Otomo K., Geochemical Distribution of Trace metals and Assessment of Anthropogenic Pollution in Sediments of Old Nakargawa River, Tokyo, Japan, Am. Journ. of Environ. Sc., 4(6),654-665 (2008) @No $ @ @ Biney C.A., Amuzu A.T., Calamari D., Kaba N., Mbome I.L., Naeve H., Ochumba P.B.O., Osibanjo O. Radegonde V. and Saad M.A.H., Review of heavy metals in the African aquatic environment, Ecotox. and Environ. Sfety, 28(2), 134-159 (1994) @No $ @ @ Popoola O.E, Bamgbose O, Okonkwo Arowolo O.J., Odukoya T.A and Popoola A.O.,Heavy Metals Content in Playground Topsoil of Some Public Primary Schools in Metropolitan Lagos, Nigeria, Res. Journ. of Environtl. and Eth Sc.,4(4), 434-439 (2012) @No $ @ @ Jerome Nriagu, Ngozi T. Oleru, Charles Cudjoe  Ada Chine., Lead poisoning of children in Africa, III. Kaduna, Nigeria, The Sc. of the Totl. Environ., 197, 13-19 (1997) @No $ @ @ Adekunle M., Ndahi N.P. and Owolabi D.A., Levels of some Hazardous Trace Metals and Simulated Blood lead levels from Highway soils of South-Western Nigeria, Inter. Journ. of Environ. Iss., , 11 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ezejiofor T.I.N., Ezejiofor A.N., Udebuani A.C., Ezeji E.U., Ayalogbu E.A., Azuwuike C.O., Adjero L.A., Ihejirika C.E., Ujowundu C.O., Nwaogu L.A. and Ngwogu K.O., Environmental metals pollutants load of a densely populated and heavily industrialized commercial city of Aba, Nigeria, Journ. of Toxicol. and Environ. Hlth Sc., 5(1), 1-11 (2013) @No
<#LINE#>Synthesis of Enol ether,&#945;,&#946;-unsaturated carbonyl compound, Oxoketenedithio acetal and Dimethyl aminomethylene ketone derivatives of s-Triazines as Intermediates for Synthesis of Fused Heterocycles<#LINE#>Shashi@Shekhawat,Aruna@Sharma,Kishore@D.,Bhawani@Singh<#LINE#>9-12<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJCS-2015-135.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304 022, INDIA @ Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Kota, Rajasthan, 324 005, INDIA<#LINE#>19/9/2015<#LINE#>30/10/2015<#LINE#>The synthesis of enol-ether,-unsaturated carbonyl compound,oxoketenedithio acetaland dimethyl aminomethylene ketonederivatives of quinazoline and pyrimidine containing trisubstituted s-triazines. Apart from this, quinazoline and pyrimidine containing trisubstituted s-triazine template has also been used to synthesize quinoline-4-carboxylic acid moiety and diazepinone derivatives by adopting the Pfitzinger reaction and Beckmannrearrangement methodology. The structures of all the compounds have been confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data. <#LINE#> @ @ Katritzky A.R., Bayyuk S.I. and Rachwal S., An efficient synthesis of ketone enol ethers mediated by N-(1-Alkoxyalyl) benzonitriles, Synthesis, 279-283 (1991) @No $ @ @ Bonacorso H.G., Wastowski A.D., Zanatta N., Martins M.A.P. and Naue J.A., Haloacetylated enol ethers 10. Condensation of b-alkoxyvinyl tri-uoromethyl ketones with thiosemicarbazide. Synthesis of new tri-uoromethyl 4,5-dihydro-1H-1 pyrazolethiocarboxyamides, J. Fluorine Chem.,92, 23-26 (1998) @No $ @ @ In J.K., Lee M.S., Lee M.W., Kwak J.H., Lee H., Hong J.T., Chung Y., Choi Y. and Jung J.K., Stereoselective synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-enol ethers from -amino aldehydes, Arch. Pharm. Res.,30(6), 695-700 (2007) @No $ @ @ Juan R., Legros, J. and Bolm C., Synthesis of enamines, enol ethers and related compounds by cross-coupling reactions, Chem. Commun., 973-986 (2005) @No $ @ @ Patil C.B., Mahajan S.K. and Katti S.A., Chalcone: A versatile molecule, J. Pharm. Sci. Res., l1(3), 11-22 (2009) @No $ @ @ Baviskar B.A., Baviskar B., Shiradkar M.R., Deokate U.A. and Khadabadi S.S., Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some novel benzimidazolyl chalcones, E-Journal Chem.,6(1), 196-200 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mu1ller T.J.J., Braun R. and Ansorge M., A novel three-component one-pot pyrimidine synthesis based upon a coupling-isomerization sequence, Org. Lett.,2(13), 1967-1970 (2000) @No $ @ @ Mathews A., Anabha E.R. and Sholly C.G., A facile method for the synthesis of oxoketene-N,S- and -N,Nacetals from reactions of amino compounds, Org. Chem.,1-5 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mehta B.K., Nandi S., lla H. and Junjappa H, Highly regioselective 1,2-addition of alkoxybenzyl Grignard reagents to -oxoketene dithioacetals: A facile regiocontrolled synthesis of alkoxynaphthalenes and their condensed analogs via aromatic annelation, Tetrahedron,55, 12843-12852 (1999) @No $ @ @ Chen H.S., Li Z.M. and Wang Z.W., A convenient synthesis of pyrazolylpyrazoles using -oxoketene S,S- and N,S-acetals, Chinese Chem. Lett.,10(8), 643–646 (1999) @No $ @ @ Zhao M.X., Liu Q., Hu Y.L. and Li D.L., -Oxoketene dithioacetals chemistry-A facile route to the synthesis of fused heterocyclic compounds, Chinese Chem. Lett., 11(4), 283-284 (2000) @No $ @ @ Hassneen H.M.and Abdallah T.A., New routes to pyridino[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one and pyridino-[2,3-d] triazolino [4,5-a] pyrimidin-5-one derivatives, Molecules,8, 333-341 (2003) @No $ @ @ Jiang J.L, Ju J. and Hua R., A highly efficient cycloaddition of vinylarenes with electron-deficient alkynes affording 1,2-disubstituted-3,4-dihydronaphthalenes catalysed by dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, Org. Biomol. Chem., 5, 1854-1857 (2007) @No $ @ @ Dzhavakhishvili S.G., Gorobets N.Y., Chernenko V.N., Musatov V.I. and Desenko S.M., Synthesis of novel 3(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-7,8-dihydroquinoline-2,5(1H,6H)-diones, Russian Chem. Bull., 57(2), 422-427 (2008) @No $ @ @ Wang D.L., Gu Z., Xu J., Han S. and Imafuku K., New synthetic approach to 4-N-arylaminoazuleno[2,1-d]pyrimides, Synthetic Commun.,39, 2329-2338 (2009) @No $ @ @ Shekhawat S., Sharma A., Kishore D. and Singh B., Synthesis of trisubstituted s-triazine templates to prepare some reactive intermediates for the synthesis of medicinally potent novel heterocycles, J. Chem. Chem. Sci.,5(9), 517-521 (2015) @No
<#LINE#>A Comparative Study of Saponification Reaction in a PFR and CSTR<#LINE#>Danish2M.,M.K.@AlMesfer<#LINE#>13-17<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJCS-2015-137.pdf<#LINE#>Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61411 KSA<#LINE#>28/9/2015<#LINE#>3/10/2015<#LINE#>A Comparative study of Saponification reaction has been conducted in a Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and Plug flow reactor (PFR). The reaction chosen for investigation was hydrolysis of ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide. The objectives here are to examine the effect of process conditions on steady state conversion and rate constant in a PFR and CSTR. The variables examined for comparative study are feed rate, temperature and residence time. Data were collected at constant concentration of 0.1 M of both the reactants and at a constant pressure of 1 atmosphere. A reaction conversion of 72.8% and specific rate constant of 1.27 L/mol.sec were obtained for PFR as compared with a decreased value of 48.6% and 0.0478 L/mol.sec for baffled CSTR under steady state conditions. Conversion increases with increase of temperature both in case of PFR and CSTR under studied range of temperature. Maximum conversion and rate constant of 68.4% and 0.688 L/mol.sec respectively were obtained for tubular reactor as compared with reaction conversion and rate constant of 63.4% and 0.127 L/mol.sec respectively for CSTR as temperature varies. For PFR with a reactor volume of 0.40 liter, reaction conversion varies from 50.4 % to 39.2 % corresponding to flow rates of 50 ml/min to 80 ml/min respectively. In case of CSTR with adjusted reactor volume of 1.5 liter, reaction conversion varies from 46.2% to 44.8% corresponding to feed rate values from 50 ml/min to 80 ml/min. In both cases of PFR and CSTR, residence time decreases with increased feed rate and this leads to decreased values of reaction conversion for both types of reactors. The results obtained in this investigation may be useful in maximizing the industrial level production of desired product and to predict the type of flow reactor more suitable for ethyl acetate saponification reaction.<#LINE#> @ @ Levenspiel O., Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, John Wiley and Sons, Third Edition, 38-39 (1999) @No $ @ @ Fogler H.S., Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference, (2006) @No $ @ @ Lu W.H., Wu H.Z. and Ju M.Y., Effects of Baffles Design on the Liquid Mixing in an Aerated Stirred Tank with Standard Rushton Impellers,  Chem. Eng. Sci.,  52, 3843-3851(2013) @No $ @ @ K J.M., Reeder M.F. and Fasano J.B., Optimize Mixing by using Proper Baffles, CEP Magzine, AIChE Publication, 42-47 (2002) @No $ @ @ Bursali N., Ertunc S. and Akay B., Process Improvement Approach to Saponification Reaction Using Statistical Experimental Design, Chem. Eng. Process., 45,  980-989 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kapoor K.L., A Textbook of Physical Chemistry,  McMilan, ND. India, , 116 (2004) @No $ @ @ Grau M.D., Nougues J.M. and Puigjaner L., Comparative Study of Two Chemical Reactions with Different Behavior in Batch and Semibatch Reactors, Chem. Eng. ., 88, 225-232 (2002) @No $ @ @ Daniels F.,  Mattews J. and Williams J., Experimental Physical Chemistry, McGraw-Hill, New York, 167-169 (1941) @No $ @ @ Schneider M.A. and Stoessel F., Chem. Eng. J., 115, 73-83 (2005) @No $ @ @ Walker J., Proc.R Soc A, London, 78, 157 (1996) @No
<#LINE#>A Novel Kinetic Assay for the Examination of Solid-Liquid Extraction of Flavonoids from Plant Material<#LINE#>D.P.@Makris<#LINE#>18-23<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJCS-2015-140.pdf<#LINE#>School of Environment, University of the Aegean, Mitr. Ioakim Street, Myrina, 81400, Lemnos, GREECE<#LINE#>1/10/2015<#LINE#>20/10/2015<#LINE#>The medicinal plant Artemisia inculta, endemic to the island of Crete (southern Greece), was chosen as a matrix for the examination of solid-liquid extraction of total flavonoids, using a novel kinetic model based on a rectangular 2-parameter hyberbola function, which was established employing non-linear regression. The determination of basic kinetic parameters and the critical comparison with the well-studied and widely used second-order model, proved unequivocally that the model proposed can be implemented as an alternative means of describing solid-liquid extraction kinetics, with high reliability. The advantage over other models used in similar processes is the simplicity of the determination of the basic kinetic parameters, by utilising a “double reciprocal” linear mathematical transformation <#LINE#> @ @ Palma M., Barbero G.F., Piñeiro Z., Liazid A., Barroso C.G., Rostagno M.A., Prado J.M. and Meireles M.A.A., Extraction of natural products: principles and fundamental aspects. In Natural Product Extraction: Principles and Applications, Rostagno, M.A. and Prado J.M. Ed., The Royal Society of Chemistry, U.K., 58-88 (2013) @No $ @ @ Chan C.-H., Yusoff R. and Ngoh G.C. Modeling and kinetics study of conventional and assisted batch solvent extraction, Chem. Eng. Res. Des, (92), 1169-1186 (2014) @No $ @ @ Mohammed M.A., Shitu A. and Ibrahim A, Removal of methylene blue using low cost adsorbent: A review, Res. J. Chem. Sci, 4(1), 42-49 (2014) @No $ @ @ Dina D.J.D., Ntieche A.R., Ndi J.N. and Ketcha M badcam J., Adsorption of acetic acid onto activated carbons obtained from maize cobs by chemical activation with zinc chloride (ZnCl), Res. J. Chem. Sci, 2(9), 42-49 (2012) @No $ @ @ Malarvizhi T.S., Santhi T. And Manonmani S., A comparative study of modified lignite fly ash for the adsorption of nickel from aqueous solution by column and batch mode study, Res. J. Chem. Sci, 3(2), 44-53 (2013) @No $ @ @ Shubha D., Prasenjit M. and Chandrajit B., Removal of fluoride using Citrus limetta in batch reactor: kinetics and equilibrium studies, Res. J. Chem. Sci, 4(1), 50-58 (2014) @No $ @ @ Naveen D., Chandrajit B. and Prasenjit M., Studies of kinetic and equilibrium isotherm models for the sorption of cyanide ion on to almond shell, Res. J. Chem. Sci, 4(2), 20-24 (2014) @No $ @ @ Shehata E., Grigorakis S., Loupassaki S. and Makris D.P., Extraction optimisation using water/glycerol for the efficient recovery of polyphenolic antioxidants from two Artemisia species, Separ. Purif. Technol, (149), 462-469 (2015) @No $ @ @ Karvela E., Makris D.P, Kalogeropoulos N. and Karathanos V.T., Deployment of response surface methodology to optimise recovery of grape Vitisvinifera) stem polyphenols, Talanta, (79), 1311-1321 (2009) @No $ @ @ Cavdarova M. and Makris D.P., Extraction kinetics of phenolics from carob (Ceratoniasiliqua L.) kibbles using environmentally benign solvents, Waste Biomass Valor, (5), 773-779 (2014) @No $ @ @ Tzima K., Kallithraka S., Kotseridis Y. and Makris D.P., Kinetic modelling for flavonoid recovery from red grape Vitisvinifera) pomace with aqueous lactic acid., Processes, (2), 901-911 (2014) @No $ @ @ Seikova I., Simeonov E. and Ivanova E., Protein leaching from tomato seed: Experimental kinetics and prediction of effective diffusivity, J. Food Eng, (61), 165–171 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rakotondramasy-Rabesiaka L., Havet J.-L., Porte C. and Fauduet H., Estimation of effective diffusion and transfer rate during the protopine extraction process from Fumariaofficinalis L, Separ. Purif. Technol,(76), 126–131 (2010) @No
<#LINE#>Kinetics of Oxidation of Indigo Carmine by Vanadium (V) in Presence of Surfactants<#LINE#>AmitaV.@Tandel,NileshB.@Padhiyar<#LINE#>24-30<#LINE#>5.ISCA-RJCS-2015-144.pdf<#LINE#>Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technical Education and Research Centre, Navsari, Eru-Aat road, Gujarat, INDIA<#LINE#>10/10/2015<#LINE#>21/10/2015<#LINE#>The kinetics of oxidation of Indigo carmine by V (V) has been investigated in aqueous sulphuric acid media. The reaction studied spectrophotometrically in aqueous sulphuric acid medium is first order in vanadium (V) and indigo carmine. Plots of obs versus [H] are linear with positive intercepts on kobs axes, suggesting the formation of a complex between vanadium (V) and dye. The oxidation of indigo carmine by V (V) in aqueous sulphuric acid media in the presence of cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants at different temperatures has been investigated. The activation and thermodynamic parameters have been calculated. <#LINE#> @ @ Dwars T., Pactzold B. and Oehme G., Angew. Chem. Int. Edn., 44, 7174 (2005) @No $ @ @ Seo S.H., Chang J.Y. and Tew G.N., Angew. Chem. Int. Edn., 45, 7526 (2006) @No $ @ @ Ryu J.H., Hong D.J. and Lee M., Chem Commun, 1043 (2008) @No $ @ @ Islam M., Saha B. and Das A.K., J. Mol. Catal, A Chem., 236, 260 (2005) @No $ @ @ Bayer R., Islam M., Saha B. and Das A.K., Carbohyd. Res., 340, 2163 (2005) @No $ @ @ Islam M., Saha B. and Das A.K., J. Mol. Catal, A Chemical, 266, 21 (2007) @No $ @ @ SahaB., SarkarS. and Choudhury K.M., Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 40, 282 (2008) @No $ @ @ SahaB., Choudhury K.M., and Mandal J., J. Sol. Chem., 37, 1321 (2008) @No $ @ @ Choudhury K.M., Mandal J. and Saha B., J. Coord. Chem., (in press) @No $ @ @ Gopala Rao G., Rao VP and Murty BVSR, Z analyt chem.,147, 161 (1955) @No $ @ @ Gopala Rao G  and Venkateswara Rao N, Talanta,8, 539 (1961) @No $ @ @ Bruice T.C., Katzhendler J. and Fedor L.R.,  J. Am. Chem. Soc.,90, 1333 (1968) @No $ @ @ Piszkiewicz  D., J. Am. Chem. Soc.,99, 1550 (1977) @No $ @ @ ; 99, 7695 (1977) @No $ @ @ ; 98, 3053 (1976) @No $ @ @ Waters W.A. and Littler J.S., J chem. Soc., 3014 (1959) @No $ @ @ Jones  J.R. and Waters WA, J chem. Soc., 352 (1963) @No $ @ @ Shankar J. and Joshi S.N., Indian J. Chem., 1, 289 (1963) @No $ @ @ Sengupta K.K., Chakladar J. K., PalB.P. and Mukherjee D.C., J. Chem. Soc., Perkin, 11, 7, 926 (1973) @No
<#LINE#>Solanum Torvum Fruits Extract as an Eco-Friendly Inhibitor on Copper in Acid Medium<#LINE#>A@Bright,Michlin@RuphinaMaragathamS,VizhiI@Malar,Vizhi@Kalirajan,S@Selvaraj<#LINE#>31-39<#LINE#>6.ISCA-RJCS-2015-145.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Chemistry, V V College of Engineering, Arasoor, Tisaiyanvilai-627 657, Tamilnadu, INDIA @ Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sri Paramakalyani College,Alwarkurichi-627 412, Tamil Nadu, INDIA<#LINE#>12/10/2015<#LINE#>27/10/2015<#LINE#>The inhibition efficacy of Solanum Torvum fruits extract on Copper in 1.0 N HCl has been examined using non-electrochemical methods with various periods of contact as well as temperature. The observed result reveals that the percentage of inhibition efficacy increased with rise of inhibitor concentration, exposure time and temperature. Thermodynamic parameters (viz; E, Qads, ads, H and S) suggests that the surface assimilation of inhibitor is endothermic and chemisorption process. It follows both Langmuir and Temkin adsorption isotherm. The dissolution products also proved by Ultra-violet, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscope. <#LINE#> @ @ Oteino-Alergo V., Huynh N., Notoya T., Bottle S.E. and Schwcinsberg D.P., Inhibitive effect of 4- and 5-carboxybenzotriazole oncopper corrosion in acidic sulphate and hydrogen sulphidesolutions., Corros. Sci., 41, 685 (1999) @No $ @ @ Tsai H.Y., Sun S.C. and Wang S.J., Characterization of Sputtered Tantalum Carbide Barrier Layer for Copper Metallization., Electrochem Soc., 147, 2766 (2000) @No $ @ @ Krishnamoorthy A., Chanda K., Murarka S.P., Ramanath G. and Ryan J.G; Self assembled near-zero-thickness molecular layers as diffusion barriers for Cu metallization., Appl Phys Lett., 78, 2467-2469 (2001) @No $ @ @ Bastidas D.M., Criado M., Fajardo S., La Iglesia V.M., Cano E. and Bastidas J.M; copper deterioration: causes, diagnosis and risk minimisationInter., Mater Rev., 55, 99 (2010) @No $ @ @ Saji V.S., A Review on Recent Patents in Corrosion Inhibitors., Recent Patents Corros. Sci.,, 6 (2010) @No $ @ @ Sangeetha M., Rajendran S., Muthumegala T.S. and Krishnaveni A; Green corrosion inhibitors An Overview, Zaštita materijala.,52, 3 (2011) @No $ @ @ Raja P.B. and Sathuraman M.G., Natural products as corrosion inhibitor for metals in corrosive media, A review, Mater. Lett.,62, 113 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kesavan D., Gopiraman M. and Sulochana N., Green Inhibitors for Corrosion of Metals A Review, Chem. Sci. Rev. Lett. , 1 (2012) @No $ @ @ Eddy N.O., Odoemelam S.A. and Odiongenyi A.O; Ethanol extract of Musa acuminate peel as an eco-friendly inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in SO., Adv. Nat. Appl. Sci.,2(1), 35-42, (2008) @No $ @ @ Oladele S.K., Okoro H.K., Investigation of corrosion effect of mild steel on orange juice., Afr. J.Biotech., 10(16), 3152-3156, (2011) @No $ @ @ Singh A., Singh V.K. and Quraishi M.A; Inhibition effect of environmentally benign kuchla (Strychnos nuxvomica) seed extract on corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid Solution., Rasayan. J. Chem., 3(4), 811-824, (2010) @No $ @ @ Loto C.A., The effect of mango bark and leaf extract solution additives on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in dilute sulphuric acid, Corrosion Prevention Control, 48, 59(2001) @No $ @ @ Buchweishaija J. and Mhinzi G.S., Natural products as a source of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors: The Case of Gum Exudate from Acacia seyal var. seya.,Portugaliae. Electrochim. Acta.,26, 257-265, (2008) @No $ @ @ Hussin M.H. and Kassim H.J., Electrochemical studies of mild steel corrosion inhibition in aqueous solution by Uncaria gambir extract., J. Phys. Sci., 21(1), 1–13, (2010) @No $ @ @ Eddy N.O., Awe F. and Ebenso E.E; Adsorption and inhibitive properties of ethanol extracts of leaves of Solanum melongena for the corrosion of mild steel in 0.1M HCl., Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., , 1996 – 2011, (2010) @No $ @ @ Deepa Rani P. and Selvaraj S., Inhibitive and adsorption properties of Punica granatum extract on brass in acid media., J. Phyto., 2(11), 58–64, (2010) @No $ @ @ Deepa Rani P. and Selvaraj S; Emblica Officinalis (AMLA) leaves extract as corrosion inhibitor for copper and its alloy (Cu-27Zn) in natural sea water, Arch. Appl.Sci. Res.,2(6), 140-150, (2010) @No $ @ @ Deepa Rani P. and Selvaraj S., Alcoholic extract of Andrographis paniculata as corrosion inhibitor on stainless steel in natural sea water environment, Int. J. Chem. Res, , 6-18, (2012) @No $ @ @ Petchiammal A., Deepa Rani P., Selvaraj S. and Kalirajan K., Corrosion protection of zinc in natural sea water using Citrullus vulgaris peel as an inhibitor, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2(4), 24-34, (2012) @No $ @ @ Eddy N.O., Ameh P., Gimba C.E. and Ebenso E.E., GCMS studies on Anogessus leocarpus (Al) gum and their corrosion inhibition potential for mild steel in 1 M HCl., Int. J. Electrochem. Sci.,, 5815-5829, (2011) @No $ @ @ Bright A., Michlin Ruphina Maragatham S., Malar vizhi I. and Selvaraj S., Inhibitive effect of Cnidoscolus chayamansa  leaves extract on Copper in Acid environment., International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development., 2(4), 35-44 (2015) @No $ @ @ Bright A., Michlin Ruphina Maragatham S., Malar vizhi I. and Selvaraj S; Corrosion behavior of Zinc in 1.0 N hydrochloric acid with Cnidoscolus Chayamansa - A Green Approach., International Journal of Recent Scientific Research.,6(4), 3594-3601, (2015) @No $ @ @ James A.O. and Akaranta O., Inhibition of Zinc in Hydrochloric acid solution by Red Onion Skin Acetone extract, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 1(1), 31-37 (2011) @No $ @ @ Nutan Kumpawat, Alok Chaturvedi and Upadhyay R.K., Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Alkaloid Extract of Ocimum Sanctum in HCl and HNO Solution., Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2(5), 51-56, (2012) @No $ @ @ Eyad M. Nawafleh, Tareq T. Bataineh, Muna K. Irshedat, Mahmoud A. Al-Qudah and Sultan T. Abu Orabi; Inhibition of Aluminum Corrosion by Salvia Judica Extract.,Res. J. Chem. Sci., 3(8), 68-72 (2013) @No $ @ @ Singh Ambrish and Quraishi M.A., Azwain (Trachyspermum copticum) seed extract as an efficient corrosion Inhibitor for Aluminium in NaOH solution,Res. J. Recent. Sci. 1(ISC-2011), 57-61 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>Effect of Vernonia amygdalina Del ethanolic extract on Serum prolactin in lactating and non lactating female albino Wistar rats<#LINE#>KK@Igwe,P.N.@Okafor,I.I.@Ijeh,S.M@Anika<#LINE#>40-45<#LINE#>7.ISCA-RJCS-2015-147.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, NIGERIA @ Departmemt of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, NIGERIA @ Departmemt of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, NIGERIA<#LINE#>17/10/2015<#LINE#>27/10/2015<#LINE#>Ethanolic crude extract of Vernonia amygdalina was fractionated into six (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6). The different fractions were subjected to in vitro screening to provide preliminary observations required to select the crude plant extract with best contractile properties for further investigations. Using physiograph mammary tissue contractile amplitudes were determined at 0.25 mg/ml, 0.3 mg/ml, 0.7 mg/ml, 1.0mg/ml, 1.25mg/ml and 1.5mg/ml for the different fractions. Fraction F5 had the best contractile response on isolated mammary tissue in the presence of agonist ACh. F5 was used for further studies on prolactin. For the non lactating animals study, the adult female rats were placed in five groups of three rats each with group 1 as control and were given 20% DMSO and group II, III and IV were the test groups. The test groups received 40 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg body weights respectively. Group V was the positive control group and was given 0.1 µg of oxytocin. For the lactation study, the animals were kept in different cages following parturition. They were also placed in five groups of three animals each but in separate cages with their litters. Group 1 was the control while group II, III and IV were the test groups. Group V was also the positive control. Treatment doses also were the same as in non lactating groups. After 5 days of administration of F5, the serum prolactin concentrations were measured. The non lactating serum prolactin level of group 1 (2.3±0.05 ng/ml) was significantly (p<0.5) less than in group II (1.6±0.05 ng/ml), group III (1.43±0.16 ng/ml) and group IV (1.13±0.18 ng/ml). Group V, slightly reduced the level of serum prolactin which was not statistically significant (2.06±0.06 ng/ml). The lactating prolactin serum levels of group I (13.50±0.04 ng/ml) was significantly (P <0.5) higher than in group II (14.82±0.12 ng/ml), group III (17.37±0.31 ng/ml) and group IV (19.20±0.49 ng/ml). Group V showed a significant ( P< 0.5) decrease in serum prolactin concentration (12.62±0.13 ng/ml).The contractile extract fraction (F5) reduced prolactin level in non lactating rats but increase it significantly during lactation in dose dependent fashion. This supports the claims of using the extract to enhance milk production after parturition.<#LINE#>@ @ Burkill M.N., The useful plant of West Tropical Africa. Families A-D, Royal Botanic garden, 44-51, (1985) @No $ @ @ Aregheore E.M, Makkar H.P.S. and Becker K., Feed value of some browse plants from the central zone of Delta State Nigeria, TropicalScience, 38(2), 97–104 (1998) @No $ @ @ Ojiako O.A. and Nwanjo H.U., Is Vernonia hepatotoxic or hepatoprotective?, Response from biochemical and toxicity studies in rat, African J. Biotechnology, 5(18), 1648-1651 (2006) @No $ @ @ Hamowia A.M. and Saffaf A.M., Pharmacological studies on Vernoniaamydalina Del and TithoniadiversifoliaGray. Vet. Med J Giza, 2, 91-97 (1994) @No $ @ @ Kamatenesi Mugisha M., Medicinal plants used in reproductive health care in Western Uganda, documentation, phytochemical and bioactivty evaluation, PhD Thesis in Botany, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, (2004) @No $ @ @ Ijeh 1.1., Igwe K.K. and Chukwunonso E.C.C.E., Effect of extract of Vernoniaamygdalina Del on contraction of mammary gland and uterus in Guinea pig Dams, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health., 1(3), 107-116 (2011) @No $ @ @ Harborne J.B., Lebreton P., Combier H., Mabry T.J., Hammam Z.,  Phytochem,  10.883, (1971) @No $ @ @ Yalemtsehay M., Effects of methanol extracts of Moringastrenopetala leaves on guinea pig and mouse smooth muscles, PhytotherapyResearch, 13, 442-444 (1999) @No $ @ @ Tietz N., Chemical Guide to Laboratory Test, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, London. 2nd Ed ., (1992) @No $ @ @ Virginia P. Studdert, Clive C Gay and Douglas C Blood, Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary, 4thEdition, 899, (2012) @No $ @ @ Ramzi S.C., Vinay K. and Tucker C., Robin pathologic basis of disease, 6th Edition, 1125-1126, (1999) @No $ @ @ Jackson R.D, Wortsman J. and Malarky W B., persistence of large molecular weight prolactin secretion during pregnancy in women with macro prolactenemia and its presence in fetal cord blood, J. Chin Endo and metabol, 63, 1046-50 (1989) @No $ @ @ Pasini F, Bergamim cm, Malfaccni M., Cociloro G, Linciano M, Jacobs M and Bagni B., multiple molecular forms of protactin during pregnancy in women, J. Endocrinol,106, 51-56 (1985) @No $ @ @ Fraser IS, Lun ZN, Zhon JP, Herrington AC, Mc Carron G and Caterson I., Detarted assessment of big prolactin in women with hyperpro lacternonia and normal ovary function, J. Chin Endo are metabol, 69, 585-592 (1989) @No
<#LINE#>Estimation of Parameters of Arrhenius Equation for Ethyl Acetate Saponification Reaction<#LINE#>Ahmad@Mukhtar,Umar@Shafiq,AliFeroz@Khan,HafizAbdul@Qadir,Masooma@Qizilbash<#LINE#>46-50<#LINE#>8.ISCA-RJCS-2015-150.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer Research Faisalabad, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>29/10/2015<#LINE#>4/11/2015<#LINE#>In this scientific research a Saponification Reaction between Ethyl Acetate and caustic soda is carried out in a Batch Reactor at STP Conditions. The aim of this scientific research is to estimate the parameters of Arrhenius equation which are rate constant and activation energy for ethyl acetate saponification. For this purpose the reaction is experimentally performed in a Batch Reactor and change in Concentration (in terms of Electrical Conductivity) is measured with time at different temperatures of 25C, 30C, 35C, 40C, 45C and 50C. at each temperature different values of rate constant are obtained at various time and concentration data. Finally to analyze our experimental data graphical method is used and a graph is plotted between ln(k) and 1/T and finally results shows that the value of rate constant is find out from the graph intercept which is 2.314×1010 and the activation energy is calculated from the slope of graph which is 43.094KJmole-1.<#LINE#> @ @ Afzal Ahmad, Muhammad Imran Ahmad, Muhammad Younas, Hayat Khan and Mansoor ul Hassan Shah, A Comparative Study of Alkaline Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate Using Design of Experiments, Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 32(4), 33-47 (2013) @No $ @ @ Espenson J.H., Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Mechanism, nd Edition, New York, McGraw-Hill (1981) @No $ @ @ Katakis D. and Gordon G., Mechanism of Inorganic Reactions, New York: Wiley-Interscience, 100(4), 607-608 (1988) @No $ @ @ Mohd Danish, Mohammad K. Al Mesfer and Md Mamoon Rashid, Effect of Operating Conditions on CSTR Performance, An Experimental Study, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 5(2), 74-78 (2015) @No $ @ @ Bond G.C., Heterogeneous Catalysis, Principles and Applications, 2nd Edition, Oxford Clarendon Press, (1987) @No $ @ @ Laidler K.J., Unconventional Applications of the Arrhenius Law, Journal of Chemical Education, 49, 343-344 (1972) @No $ @ @ Shahid Raza Malik, Bilal Ahmed Awan, Umar Shafiq and Ahmad Mukhtar, Investigation of Agitation Effect on the Conversion of Saponification Reaction in a Batch Reactor at STP Conditions, International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research, 4(4), 461-466 (2015) @No $ @ @ Tsujikawa H. and Inone H., The Reaction Rate of Alkaline Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate, Bulletin of Chemical Society of Japan, 39(9), 1837-1842 (1966) @No $ @ @ Walker J.A., Method for Determining the Velocities of Saponification, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,78(522), 157-160 (1906) @No $ @ @ Wijayarathne UPL and Wasalathilake KC, Aspen Plus Simulation of Ethyl Acetate in the presence of Sodium Hydroxide in a Plug Flow Reactor, Journal of Chemical Engineering and Process Technology, 5(6), 1062-1069 (2014) @No $ @ @ Octave Levenspiel, Chemical Reaction Engineering,rdedition, Willey India Pvt. Ltd, 13, August (1998) @No
<#LINE#>Removal of Arsenic from Aqueous Solution Using Iron(III)-loaded Sugarcane Bagasse<#LINE#>HarishChand@Thakuri,@,MeghRaj@Pokhrel,Ghimire@KedarNath,KhadkaDeba@Bahadur<#LINE#>51-58<#LINE#>9.ISCA-RJCS-2015-153.pdf<#LINE#>Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, NEPAL<#LINE#>4/11/2015<#LINE#>10/11/2015<#LINE#>The adsorption of As(III) and As(V) from aqueous media onto novel  bioadsorbent prepared from sugarcane bagasse i.e. Fe(III) loaded charred sugarcane bagasse (FeCSCB) has been studied by batch equilibration method under different experimental conditions. Effects of pH, adsorbent dose, adsorbate concentration and contact time were studied. The concentration of As(III) and As(V)  was determined  spectrophotometrically by molybdenum blue method. Maximum adsorption was observed at pH 8 and pH 5 for As(III) and As(V) and at optimum contact time of 4 hrs and 3 hrs,  respectively at an initial concentration of 5 mg/L. Maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) value of FeCSCB was found to be 25 mg/g and 70 mg/g for the adsorption of As(III) and As(V), respectively. Kinetics and isotherms modeling studies demonstrated that the experimental data best fitted with pseudo second order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. This study revealed that FeCSCB can be used as an efficient, ecofriendly and economic material for the adsorptive removal of As(III) and As(V) from aqueous system.<#LINE#> @ @ Nickson R., McArthur J., Burgess W., Ahmed K. M., Rovenscroft P. and Rahman M.,  Arsenic poisoning of Bangladesh ground water, Nature., 395, 338 (1998) @No $ @ @ Biswas B.K., Inoue  J., Inoue K., Ghimire K.N., Harada H., Ohto K., Kawakita K.  and KawakitaH.,Adsorptive removal of As(V) and As(III) from water by a Zr(IV)loaded orange waste gel,  J.  Hazard. Mater., 154, 1066-1074 (2008) @No $ @ @ Neku A.  and Tandukar  N., An overview of arsenic contamination of ground water in Nepal and its removal at household level, Journal de physique IV: Proceedings, EDP Sciences,107, 941-944 (2003) @No $ @ @ Kelleher B.,Development of alternative adsorbents for organic compounds in aqueous environments, A Ph.D. dissertation, University of Limerick, Ireland (2001) @No $ @ @ Homagai P.L., Ghimire K.N. and Inoue K.,Adsorption behavior of heavy metals onto chemically modified sugarcane bagasse, Biosource Technol., 101, 2067-2069 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ghimire K.N., Inoue K., Yamaguchi H., Makino K. and  Miyajima T., Adsorptive separation of arsenate and arsenite anions from aqueous medium by using orange waste, Water Res., 37(20), 4945-4953 (2003) @No $ @ @ Singh T.S. and Pant K.K.,Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic studies for adsorption of As(III) on activated alumina, Sep. Purif. Technol., 36, 139-147 (2004) @No $ @ @ Mamisahebei S., Jahed Khaniki  Gh. R., Torabian  A., Nasseri  S. and Naddafi  K., Removal of arsenic from an aqueous solution by pretreated waste tea fungal biomass,  Iran J. Environ. Health. Sci. Eng., 4(2), 85-92 (2007) @No $ @ @ Jahan  M.I., Abdul  M.M., Moniuzzaman M. and Asadullah M.,Arsenic removal from water using carbon obtained from chemical activation of jute stick,Indian J. Chem.Technol.,  15, 413-416 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kamsonlian S., Majumder C.B. and  Chand S.,Process, parameter, optimization and isothermal modeling: Removal of Arsenic(V) ion from contaminated water using palm bark (PB) biomass,   International Journal of Engineering  Research and Applications (IJERA), 2(4), 2335-2339 (2012) @No $ @ @ Motegaonkar Manorama B. and Salunke Shridar D., The ash and calcium content of common fruit grown in Latur district, MS, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(5), 66-68 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hariharan V., Shanmugam M., Amutha K. and Sivakumar G., Preparation and characterization of ceramic products using sugarcane bagasse ash waste, Res. J. Recent. Sci., 3(ISC-2013), 67-70 (2014) @No $ @ @ Thavamani S.S. and Rajkumar R., Removal of Cr(VI), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Ni(II) from aqueous solutions by adsorption on alumina,  Res. J. Chem. Sci.,3(8), 44-48 (2013) @No $ @ @ Yu X., Tong S., Ge M., Lingyan W. and Zuo J.,Synthesis and characterization of multi-amino-functionalized cellulose for arsenic adsorption, Carbohydrate Polymers92, 380-387 (2013) @No $ @ @ Pehlivan E., Tran H.T., Ouedraogo W.K.I., Schmidt. C.,  Zachmann D. and Bahadir M.,Sugarcane bagasse  treated with hydrous ferric oxide as a potential adsorbent for the removal of As(V) from aqueous solutions,Food Chemistry, 138, 133-138 (2013) @No $ @ @ Al- Mamum M., Poostforush M., Mukil S.A. and Subhan M.A., Isotherm and kinetics of As(III)  uptake from aqueous solution by Cinnamomum zeylancium, Res. J. Chem.Sci., 3(3), 34-41 (2013) @No
<#LINE#>Azadirachta Indica Extract as corrosion Inhibitor for Copper in Nitric Acid Medium<#LINE#>K.K.@Patel,R.T.@Vashi<#LINE#>59-66<#LINE#>10.ISCA-RJCS-2015-155.pdf<#LINE#>Chemistry Department, Navyug Science College, Surat, Gujarat, 395009, INDIA  <#LINE#>7/8/2015<#LINE#>8/10/2015<#LINE#>Azadirachta Indica (AI) leaves extract was investigated as a copper corrosion inhibitor in nitric acid. Corrosion rate and inhibition properties were studied by using weight-loss, effect of temperature, polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic methods. Corrosion rate increases with the increase in acid concentration and temperature. The percentage of inhibition efficiency (I.E.) increases with increase AI concentration. The value of free energy of adsorption (∆Ga) and heat of adsorption (Qads) obtained were negative. The inhibition effect is discussed in view of AI molecules adsorbed on the metal surface and it follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Polarization curve indicates that inhibitor act as mixed type (anodic and cathodic) and the inhibition efficiency was found up to 98%. It was found that AI extract is good inhibitor for the corrosion of copper in nitric acid medium.<#LINE#> @ @  Elmorsi M.A. and Hassanein A.M., Corrosion Inhibition of Copper by Heterocyclic Compounds, Corros. Sci., 41, 2337 (1999) @No $ @ @  Zucchi F., Grassi V., Frignani A. and Trabanelli G., Inhibition of copper corrosion by silane coatings, Corros. Sci., 46, 2853 (2004) @No $ @ @  Fouda S. and Wahed H.A., Corrosion inhibition of copper in HNO3 solution using thiophene and its derivatives, Arab. J. Chem., (2011) @No $ @ @  Khaled K.F. and Mohammed A. Amin, Dry and wet lab studies for some benzotriazole derivatives as possible corrosion inhibitors for copper in 1.0 M HNO3, Corros. Sci., 51, 2098 (2009) @No $ @ @  Quraishi M.A. and Jamal D., Dianils: new and effective corrosion inhibitors for oil-well steel (N-80) and mild steel in boiling hydrochloric acid, Corrosion, 56, 156 (2000) @No $ @ @  Vashi R.T., Bhajiwala HM and Desai S.A., Aniline as corrosion inhibitor for zinc in (HNO3 + H3PO4) binary acid mixture, Der Pharma Chemica, 3(2), 80 (2011) @No $ @ @  Vashi R.T., Bhajiwala H.M. and Desai S.A., Ethanolamines as corrosion inhibitors for Zinc in (HNO3 + H2SO4) binary acid mixture, E-Journal of Chemistry, 7(2), 665 (2010) @No $ @ @  Migahed M., Mohamed H.M. and AI-Sabagh A.M., Corrosion inhibition of H-11 type carbon steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid solution by N-propyl amino lauryl amide and its ethoxylated derivatives, Mater Chem Phys., 80, 169 (2003) @No $ @ @  Tansug G., Tuken T., Giray E.S., Fındıkkıran G., Sıgırcık G., Demirkol O. and M. Erbil, A new corrosion inhibitor for copper protection, Corros. Sci., 84, 21 (2014) @No $ @ @  Vashi R.T. and Desai P.S., Inhibitive efficiency of sulphathiazole for aluminium corrosion in trichloroacetic acid, Anti corrosion methods and materials, 58(2), 70 (2011) @No $ @ @  Popova E., Sokolova S. Raicheva and Christov M., AC and DC study of the temperature effect on mild steel corrosion in acid media in the presence of benzimidazole derivatives, Corros. Sci., 45, 33 (2003) @No $ @ @ Chauhan L.R. and Gunasekaran G., Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by plant extract in dilute HCl medium, Corros. Sci. 49, 1143 (2007) @No $ @ @  Abdel-Gaber M., Abd-El-Nabey BA, Sidahmed I.M., El-Zayady A.M. and Saadawy M, Inhibitive action of some plant extracts on the corrosion of steel in acidic media, Corros. Sci., 48, 2765 (2006) @No $ @ @  Schaaf O., Jarvis A.P., van der Esch S.A. and Giagnacovo G., Rapid and sensitive analysis of azadirachtin and related triterpenoids from Neem (Azadirachta indica) by higher-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A., 89, 886 (2000) @No $ @ @  Kumar C.S.S.R., Srinivas M.and Yakkundi S., Momordica charantia as corrosion inhibitor and reductant for the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles., Phytochem., 43, 451 (1996) @No $ @ @  Morgan E.D. and Wilson I.D., Azadirachta Indica Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acid Medium, Comprehensive Natural Products Chemistry, 8 (1999) @No $ @ @  Govindachari T.R. and Gopalakrishnan G., Azadirachta Indica Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acid Medium, Phytochem., 45 ,397 (1997) @No $ @ @  Siddiqui B.S., Afshan F., Ghiasuddin S. 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