@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Microbial degradation of textile effluent and in genotoxic effect on Allium cepa<#LINE#>Maghdu Nainamohamed @Abubacker,Thirugnanam @Mehala,Sadasivam @Senthilkumar,Ramu @Selvam <#LINE#>1-7<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2017-139.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biotechnology, National College, Tiruchirappalli-620 001, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Biotechnology, National College, Tiruchirappalli-620 001, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Biotechnology, National College, Tiruchirappalli-620 001, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Biotechnology, National College, Tiruchirappalli-620 001, Tamil Nadu, India<#LINE#>27/11/2017<#LINE#>3/7/2018<#LINE#>Textile effluent discharged from the small scale industries was assessed. There was a total difference in the physico chemical characteristics of effluent sample and bacterial and fungal consortia degraded samples. The untreated effluent samples were highly colored, fishy odour, slight alkaline. The other physic chemical properties like total solids (TS) total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), hardness as CaCO3 alkalinity, bicarbonate (HCO3–) alkalinity, chloride, calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulphate, zinc, chromium, copper and lead were found to be above to the permissible level of WHO standards, which ensure the presence of pollutants in the textile effluent. From the polluted sites, four bacterial strains which are identified as indicator bacterial strains able to degrade the effluent and dye were used for the decolourization and degradation in vitro experiments. They are Bacillus subtilis (NCBT 012), Clostridium butyricum (NCBT 017), Enterobacter aerogens (NCBT 024) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (NCBT 046). Four fungal strains which are identified as indicator fungi, able to decolourize effectively were selected for the decolourization and degradation in vitro experimental work. They are Aspergillus erythrocephalus (NCBT 124), Aspergillus fumigates (NCBT 126), Cladosporium herbarum (NCBT 142) and Fusarium oxysporum (NCBT 156). The physico-chemical analysis of bacterial and fungal consortia mediated textile effluent degradation process have shown reduction in all these parameters tested for the untreated textile effluent. Between bacterial consortium and fungal consortium mediated degradation process, the fungal consortium mediated degradation process has shown much reduction in all the parameters than the bacterial consortium mediated degradation. The genotoxicity studies in relation to mitotic index and chromosomal abnormalities have shown gradual increase in active mitotic index and reduction in the chromosomal abnormalities which ensures the reduction in toxicity of textile effluent by bacterial and fungal consortia degradation.<#LINE#>WHO (World Health Organization) (2001).@Guideline for drinking water quality.@World Health Organization Press, Geneva.@No$Mohabansi N.P., Tekade P.V. and Bawankar S.V. (2011).@Physico-chemical parameters of textile mill effluent, Hinganghat, Dist. Wardha (MS).@Current World Environment, 6(1).@Yes$Rohilla S.K., Salar R.K. and Kumar J. (2012).@Optimization of physiochemical parameters for decolourization of reactive Black HFGR using soil fungus.@Aspergillus allhabadii MTCC 9988, Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation, 3, 1-5.@Yes$Prasad A. and Rao K.V.B. (2011).@Physicochemical analysis of textile effluent and decolorization of textile azo dye by Bacillus Endophyticus strain VITABR13.@Environ. Biotechnol, 2(2), 55-62.@Yes$Furaha M.C., Kelvin M.M. and Karoli N.N. (2015).@Assessment of Heavy Metals in Treated Wastewater Used for the Irrigation of Vegetable Plants in Arusha City.@International Journal of Research Chemistry and Environment, 5(1), 54-60.@Yes$Asfaw A. (2014).@Heavy metals concentration in tannery effluents, associated surface water and soil at Ejersa area of East Shoa, Ethiopia.@Herald J Geogr Reg Plan, 3(3), 124-130.@Yes$Maruthi Y.A. and Rao S.R. (2001).@Effect of Sugarmill Effluent on Organic Reserves of Fish.@Pollution Research, 20(2), 167-171.@Yes$Kumar R.S., Swamy R.N. and Ramakrishnan K. (2001).@Pollution studies on sugar mill effluent-physico-chemical characteristics and toxic metals.@Pollution Research, 20(1), 93-97.@Yes$Jamaluddin Ahmed M. and Nizamuddin M. (2012).@Physico-chemical assessment of Textile Effluents in Chittagong region of Bangladesh and their possible effects on environment.@International Journal of Research in Chemistry and Environment, 2, 220-230.@No$Okunade D. A. and Adekalu K. O. (2013).@Physico-chemical analysis of contaminated water resources due to Cassava wastewater effluent disposal.@European International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(6), 75-84.@Yes$Basha S.A. and Rajaganesh K. (2014).@Microbial bioremediation of heavy metals from textile industry dye effluents using isolated bacterial strains.@Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci, 3, 785-794.@Yes$Faryal R. and Hameed A. (2005).@Isolation and characterization of various fungal strains from textile effluent for their use in bioremediation.@Pak. J. Bot., 37(4), 1003-1008.@Yes$Rajeswari K., Subashkumar R. and Vijayaraman K. (2013).@Physico-chemical parameters of Effluents collected from Tirupur Textile dyeing and CETP and analysis of Heterotropic bacterial population.@Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research, 3, 37-41.@Yes$Azbar N., Yonar T. and Kestioglu K. (2004).@Comparison of various advanced oxidation processes and chemical treatment methods for COD and colourremoval from a polyester and acetate fiber dyeing effluent.@Chemosphere, 55, 35-43.@Yes$Mahawar P. and Akhtar A. (2015).@Physico-chemical characterization of soil and effluent of dye industries in Kaithun region of Kota Rajasthan.@Int J Pure Appl Biosci, 3(2), 419-422.@Yes$Gangwar Deepali K.K. (2011).@Bioremediation of chromium (VI) from textile industry’s effluent and contaminated soil using Pseudomonas putida.@Iranica Journal of Energy and Environment, 2, 24-31.@Yes$Gabr R.M., Hassan S.H.A. and Shoreit A.A.M. (2008).@Biosorption of lead and nickel by living and non-living cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ASU 6a.@International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 62(2), 195-203.@Yes$Joshi V.J. and Santani D.D. (2012).@Physicochemical Characterization and Heavy Metal Concentration in Effluent of Textile Industry.@Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology, 2(2), 93-96.@Yes$Sabour B., Loudiki M., Oudra B., Vasconcelos V., Martins R., Oubraim S. and Fawzi B. (2002).@Toxicology of a Microcystis ichthyoblabe waterbloom from lake oued Mellah (Morocco).@Environmental Toxicology: An International Journal, 17(1), 24-31.@Yes$Malik A., Khan I. F. and Aleem A. (2002).@Plasmid incidence in bacteria from agricultural and industrial soils.@World J Microbiol Biotechnol, 18(9), 827-833.@Yes$Jaishree and Khan T.I. (2014).@Physico-chemical analysis of contaminated soil collected from different areas of Sanganer textile industries Jaipur (Rajasthan).@International Journal of Geology, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 4, 216-219.@No$Joshi N. and Kumar A. (2011).@Physico-chemical Analysis of Soil and Industrial Effluents of Sanganer Region of Jaipur Rajasthan.@Res J of Agri Sci, 2(2), 354-356.@Yes$Mathur N., Bhatnagar P. and Verma H. (2006).@Genotoxicity of vegetables irrigated by industrial waste water.@J of Environ Sci, 18(5), 964-968.@Yes$Bianchi J., Fernandes T.C.C. and Marin-Morales M.M.A. (2016).@Induction of mitotic and chromosomal abnormalities on Allium cepa cells by pesticides imidacloprid and sulfentrazone and the mixture of them.@Chemosphere, 144, 475-483.@Yes$Kuchy A.H., Waire A.A. and Kamili A.N. (2016).@Cytogenetic effects of three commercially formulated pesticides on somatic and germ cells of Allium cepa.@Environ. Sci. Pollut. R., 23(7), 6895-6906.@Yes$de Campos Ventura-Camargo B., de Angelis D.D.F. and Marin-Morales M.A. (2016).@Assessment of the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of the commercial black dye in Allium cepa cells before and after bacterial biodegradation treatment.@Chemsphere, 161, 325-332.@Yes$Tartar G., Kaymark F. and Murati F.D.G. (2006).@Genotoxic effects of avenoxan on Allium cepa L. and Allium sativum L.@Caryologia, 59, 241-247.@Yes$Mustafa Y. and Arikan E. S. (2008).@Genotoxicity testing of Quizatofop-p-ethyl herbicide using the Allium cepa anaphase-telophase chromosome aberration assay.@Caryologia, 61, 45-52.@Yes$APHA. (2005).@Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water.@21st Ed. American Public Health Association, Wahington DC.@Yes
<#LINE#>Comparative study of phosphorus sorption characteristics and behaviours of Kilimanjaro-Pumice and Rungwe-Pumice wetland soils<#LINE#>Anesi Satoki @Mahenge <#LINE#>8-15<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-028.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Engineering, P.O Box 35176, Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania<#LINE#>13/3/2018<#LINE#>3/8/2018<#LINE#>Kilimanjaro-Pumice and Rungwe-Pumice soils are potential media for phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands. The characteristics and behaviours of these soils in phosphorus sorption were carried in batch experiments at laboratory scale by which three varied sizes of Kilimanjaro-Pumice and Rungwe-Pumice soils were tested. For the phosphorus sorption isotherms, the findings reveal that Kilimanjaro soil has high ability in sorbing phosphorus compared to Rungwe-Pumice soil. The capacities for the Kilimanjaro-Pumice and Rungwe-Pumice soils in phosphorus sorption were 2.50 and 2.20 grams Phosphorus per kilogram of soil, respectively. For finer (1-2mm) and courser (4-8mm) particle sizes; about fifty percent of sorption in Kilimanjaro soil occurred in the 18th and 20th hour, correspondingly, while for Rungwe-Pumice soil, it occurred in the 17th and 18th hour, correspondingly. They were no significant influence of temperature on sorption of phosphorus for the finer particle when compared to 2-4mm and 4-8mm particle sizes. Both Kilimanjaro-Pumice and Rungwe-Pumice soils have good capacity in reducing phosphorus from wastewater. They are suggested to be utilized as constructed wetlands soils for removal of phosphorus.<#LINE#>Headley T.R., Huett D.O. and Davison L. (2001).@The removal of nutrients from plant nursery irrigation runoff in subsurface horizontal-flow wetlands.@Water Sci. Technology, 44(11-12), 77-84.@Yes$Mahenge A.S. (2014).@Suitability of Moshi Pumice for Phosphorus Sorption in Constructed Wetlands.@Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 18(1), 135-140.@Yes$Braskerud B.C. (2002).@Factors affecting Phosphorus retention in small constructed wetlands treating agricultural non-point source pollution.@Ecological Engineering, 19, 41-61.@Yes$Grüneberg B. and Kern J. (2001).@Phosphorus retention capacity of iron-ore and blast furnace slag in subsurface flow constructed wetlands.@Water science and technology, 44(11-12), 69-75.@Yes$Njau K.N., Minja R.J.A. and Katima J.H.Y. (2003).@Pumice soil: A potential wetland soil for treatment of domestic wastewater.@Water Sci.& Technology, 48(5), 85-92.@Yes$APHA, AWWA and WEF (2012).@Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.@Washington, DC, 1-1360. ISBN 978-087553-013-0@Yes$Dunne E.J., Culleton N., O’Donovan G., Harrington R. and Daly K. (2005).@Phosphorus retention and sorption by constructed wetland soils.@Water Research, 39(18), 4355-4362.@Yes$Kumar V.K., Subanandam K., Ramamurthi V. and Sivanesan S. (2004).@GAC Sorption Process: Problems and Solutions.@http://www.eco-web.com/edi/040319.html. 25 March 2012@Yes$Mng@Suitability of pumice (Kilimanjaro-Pumice) soils for wastewater treatment in subsurface flow constructed wetland (SSFC).@Unpublished MSc. Dissertation, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.@No$Molle P., Liénard A., Grasmick A. and Iwema A. (2003).@Phosphorus retention in subsurface constructed wetlands: investigations focused on calcareous materials and their chemical reactions.@water science and technology, 48(5), 75-83.@Yes$Rustige H., Tomac I. and Höner G. (2003).@Investigations on phosphorus retention in subsurface flow constructed wetlands.@Water science and technology, 48(5), 67-74.@Yes$Naja G. and Volesky B. (2006).@Behavior of the mass transfer zone in a biosorption column.@Environmental science & technology, 40(12), 3996-4003.@Yes$Zhu T., Maehlum T., Jenssen P.D. and Krogstad T. (2003).@Phosphorus sorption characteristics of a light-weight aggregate.@Water Science and Technology, 48(5), 93-100.@Yes$Metcalf F. and Eddy J. (2003).@Wastewater Engineering, Treatment, Disposal and reuse.@Tata and McGraw-Hill Pub, India.@No
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Cypermethrin exposed chromosomal aberrations of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita<#LINE#>Prajapati @Rakesh <#LINE#>16-20<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2017-092.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biology, M.N. College, Visnagar - 384315, India<#LINE#>17/7/2017<#LINE#>25/7/2018<#LINE#>With the beginning of Green Revolution in the second half of the 20th century when growers initiated to use technical advances to enhancement harvests, manmade composts, pesticides and herbicides became common place from place to place the world not only on farms but in courtyard greens and on front lawns as well. Among the wide majority of pesticides, Cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid, is regularly used as agronomic insecticide which is found tremendously lethal to non-target creatures of aquatic habitat including fishes. As per statistic, manufacture and efficiency have amplified. Though, the high biochemical practices of insecticides to carry around these remarkable upsurges in nutriment manufacture is not without its glitches. A perceptible similar association amongst advanced efficiency, high chemical contribution usage and ecological dilapidation possessions is apparent in south Gujarat where marketable cultivation is extensive. This affects the physiological and cytological changes among the fishes. With that reference Cytogenetic study of Labeo rohita has been carried out to check effects of lethal concentration (0.06ppm) and acute lethal concentration (0.1ppm) of Cypermethrin.  The chromosomal aberrations like acentric fragments, rings, double minutes and chromosome break, endo-reduplication, premature separation of chromosome and pulverization were observed at various stages.<#LINE#>Sahu S.K., Sarangi D. and Pradhan K.C. (2006).@Water Pollution in Orissa.@Orissa  Review. Int. J. Env. Sc., 1(4), 514-522.@No$Gilden R.C., Huffling K. and Sattler B. (2010).@Pesticides and health risks.@J. Obst.  Gynec. Neonat. Nurs, 39(1), 103-110.@Yes$Agnihorti N.P., Jain H.K. and Gajbhiye V.T. (1986).@Persistence of some synthetic pyrethroid insecticides in soil, water and sediment-part I.@J. Entomol. Res., 10(2), 147-151.@Yes$Crossland N.O. (1982).@Aquatic toxicology of Cypermethrin. II. Fate and biological effects in pond experiments.@Aquatic Toxicology., 2(4), 205-222.@Yes$Denton T.E. (1973).@Fish chromosome methodology.@Banners tome House USA, 5, 129-148.@Yes$Ojima Y., Takayama S. and Yamamoto K. (1972).@Chromosome preparation from cultured scale epithelium of teleost fish.@The Japanese Journal of Genetics, 47(6), 445-446.@Yes$Sharaf S., Khan A., Khan M.Z., Aslam F., Saleemi M.K. and Mahmood F. (2010).@Clinico-hematological and micronuclear changes induced by cypermethrin in broiler chicks: Their attenuation with vitamin E and selenium.@Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, 62(4), 333-341.@Yes$Ahmad L., Khan A., Khan M.Z., Hussain I., Mahmood F., Sleemi M.K. and Abdullah I. (2012).@Toxico-pathological effects of cypermethrin upon male reproductive system in rabbits.@Pesticide biochemistry and physiology, 103(3), 194-201.@Yes$Bhushan B., Saxena N. and Saxena P.N. (2010).@Beta-cyfluthrin induced histochemical alterations in the liver of the albino rat.@Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, 37(2), 61-66.@Yes$Aslam F., Khan A., Khan M.Z., Sharaf S., Gul S.T. and Saleemi M.K. (2010).@Toxico-pathological changes induced by cypermethrin in broiler chicks: Their attenuation with Vitamin E and selenium.@Experimental and Toxicologic pathology, 62(4), 441-450.@Yes$Luty S., Latuszynska J., Halliop J., Tochman A., Obuchowska D., Przylepa E. and Korczak E. (1998).@Toxicity of dermally applied alpha-cypermethrin in rats.@Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 5, 109-116.@Yes$Khuda Bukhsh A.R. (1994).@Localization of C-band heterochromatin in metaphase chromosomes of two species in Indian major carp.@Inland Fish. Soc. India, 26, 44-46.@Yes$Majumdar K.C. and McAndrew B.J. (1986).@Relative DNA content of somatic nuclei and chromosomal studies in three genera, Tilapia, Sarotherodon, and Oreochromis of the tribe Tilapiini (Pisces, Cichlidae).@Genetica, 68(3), 175-188.@Yes$Zhang S.M. and Reddy P.V.G.K. (1991).@On the comparative karyomorphology of three Indian major carps, Catla catla (Hamilton), Labeo rohita (Hamilton) and Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton).@Aquaculture, 97(1), 7-12.@Yes$Krishnaja A.P. and Rege M.S. (1982).@Induction of chromosomal aberrations in fish Boleophthalmus dussumieri after exposure in vivo to mitomycin C and heavy metals mercury, selenium and chromium.@Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology, 102(1), 71-82.@Yes$Gadhia P.K., Dholakia A.H. and Gadhia M. (1990).@Cadmium nitrate induced chromosomal aberrations in a common carp Cyrprinus carpio.@Aquacultura Hungarica, 6, 19-23.@Yes$Rishi K.K. and Grewal S. (1995).@Chromosome aberration test for the insecticide, dichlorvos, on fish chromosomes.@Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology, 344(1-2), 1-4.@Yes$Pinter A., Torok G., Sutjan A., Csik M., Bonsonyi M. and Kelescsenyi Z. (1989).@Genotoxicity of selected herbicides.@Ann. 1st Super Sanita., 25, 577-582.@Yes$Cajaraville M.P., Hauser L., Carvalho G., Hylland K., Olabarrieta I., Lawrence A.J. and Goksøyr A. (2003).@Genetic damage and the molecular/cellular response to pollution.@Effects of pollution on fish: molecular effects and Population responses, 14-82.@Yes$Al-Sabiti K. (1994).@Micronuclei induced by selenium, mercury, merthyl mercury and theirmixtures in binucleated blocked hepatic cell techniques fish erythrocytes cells.@Mutat. Res., 320, 157-163.@Yes$Das P. and John G. (1999).@Induction of sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations in vivo in Etroplus suratensis (Bloch) following exposure to organophosphorus pesticides.@Toxicology letters, 104(1-2), 111-116.@Yes
<#LINE#>Impact of effective microorganism on the decomposition of coir pith<#LINE#>D. Leena @Lavanya,C.K. @Padmaja <#LINE#>21-23<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2017-145.pdf<#LINE#>Dept of Botany, Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore – 641043, Tamil Nadu, India@Dept of Botany, Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore – 641043, Tamil Nadu, India<#LINE#>10/12/2017<#LINE#>4/7/2018<#LINE#>Nowadays, environmental pollution is a serious threat and some of the pollutants can be used as an organic manure after biodegradation. And so, an attempt was made to degrade the organic waste, coir pith using EM (Effective Microorganism). The sample was inoculated with EM at different concentrations (T1 – Control (uninoculated), T2 – EM (Undiluted), T3 – 1:10 dilution, T4 - 1:50 dilution). At 30, 60, 90 days of time intervals, the biochemical parameters like lignin, cellulose, organic carbon, total nitrogen, C:N ratio, phenol and reducing sugars were determined. Among the treatments coir pith with undiluted EM (T2) showed a very good decreasing trend in all the biochemical parameters than the other concentrations of EM. The present investigation suggests that coir pith waste can be converted into a value added, nutrient enriched organic manure.<#LINE#>Ghosh P.K., Sarma U.S., Ravindranath A.D., Radhakrishnan S. and Ghosh P. (2007).@A novel method for accelerated composting of coir pith.@Energy & fuels, 21(2), 822-827.@Yes$Rawte T. and Mavinkurve S. (2001).@Biodegradable plastics-bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates.@Indian Journal of Microbiology, 41(4), 233-245.@Yes$Thampan P.K. (1987).@Handbook of coconut.@Oxford and IBH Publishers, New Delhi.@Yes$Reghuvaran A. and Ravindranath A.D. (2010).@Efficacy of biodegraded coir pith for cultivation of medicinal plants.@J. Sci. Ind. Res., 69, 554-559.@Yes$Higa T. and Wididana G.N. (1991).@The concept and theories of effective microorganisms.@In Proceedings of the first international conference on Kyusei nature farming. US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA, 118-124.@Yes$Zadražil F. and Brunnert H. (1980).@The influence of ammonium nitrate supplementation on degradation and in vitro digestibility of straw colonized by higher fungi.@European journal of applied microbiology and biotechnology, 9(1), 37-44.@Yes$Updegraff D.M. (1969).@Semimicro determination of cellulose inbiological materials.@Analytical biochemistry, 32(3), 420-424.@Yes$Walkley A. and Black C.A. (1934).@An experimentation of the delayreff method for determining organic matter of the chronic and titration method.@Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 37(1), 29-38.@Yes$Vogel Arthur I. (1961).@A Text Book of Qualitative Inorganic Analysis.@3rd Ed.: 257, Longrnens & Co., London.@Yes$Bray H.G. and Thrope W.V. (1954).@Analysis of phenolic compounds of interest in metabolism.@Meth.Bio chem. Anal, 1, 27-52.@Yes$Miller G.L. (1959).@Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar.@Analytical chemistry, 31(3), 426-428.@Yes$Jeslyn Vijayakumari K., Nirmala M. and Usha K. (1988).@Biodegradation of coir pith.@Indian J. Agric. Sci., 59, 316-318.@No$Padmaja C.K. and Adlene D.S. (2008).@Recycling of solid waste into an organic manure by EM (Effective Microorganisms) Technology.@Ad. Plant Sci., 21(2), 585-586.@No$Reghuvaran A. and Ravindranath A.D. (2012).@Biochemical aspects and formation of phenolic compounds by coir pith degraded by Pleurotus sajor caju.@Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 4(1), 29-36.@Yes$Devi L.S., Datta A. and Rao P.S. (2001).@Evaluation of maturity for coir dust based compost.@Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 49(3), 515-517.@Yes$Sekeran V., Balaji C. and Bhagavathipushpa T. (2005).@Evaluation of effective microorganisms (EM) in solid waste management.@Electronic Green Journal, 1(21).@Yes$Yau P.Y. and Murphy R.J. (2000).@Biodergraded Cocopeat as a horticultural substrate.@Acta Hort., (ISHS) 517, 275-278.@Yes$Uma M.P., Saranya M., Nandhini K., Gajalakshmi K. and M. Kanchana (2015).@Composting of areca nut leaf sheath and its effects on growth and biochemical contents of Vigna unguiculata L.@Indian Journal of Science, 15(47), 138-148.@Yes$Ramamoorthy V., Meena B. and Muthusamy M. (1999).@Composting coir pith using biocontrol agents.@Kissan World, 7, 78.@No$Theradimani M. and Marimuthu L. (1993).@Role of native microflora in decomposing coir pith.@Indian Coconut J, 24, 5-6.@Yes$Nagarajan R., Ramasamy K., Savithri P. and Manickam T.S. (1990).@Coir waste in crop production.@AC&RI, Madurai and Central Coir Research Institute, Coir Board, Cochin.@Yes$Kanmani P. and Karuppasamy P. (2009).@Studies on lignocellulose biodegradation of coir waste in solid state fermentation using Phanerocheate chrysosporium and Rhizopus stolonifer.@African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(24), 6880-6887.@Yes
<#LINE#>Assessment of heavy metal contamination in tubers sold in local markets of Bangalore, Karnataka, India<#LINE#>Swati @Baliyan,Guru Prasad @V.,Tejaswini @M.,Jessen @George <#LINE#>24-26<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-036.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Microbiology, Center for Research & PG Studies, IADC-Autonomous, Bangalore-560043, Karnataka, India@Department of Microbiology, Center for Research & PG Studies, IADC-Autonomous, Bangalore-560043, Karnataka, India@Department of Microbiology, Center for Research & PG Studies, IADC-Autonomous, Bangalore-560043, Karnataka, India@Department of Microbiology, Center for Research & PG Studies, IADC-Autonomous, Bangalore-560043, Karnataka, India and Eben-Ezer Degree College, Eben-Ezer Group of Institutions, No.19, Hennur-Bagalur Main Road, Kothanur Post, Bangalore, Karnataka, India<#LINE#>4/4/2018<#LINE#>6/7/2018<#LINE#>A study was carried in three different local markets in Bangalore city to check the concentration of heavy metals in tubers. The bio-accumulation of heavy metals was studied in tubers such as potato, sweet potato, elephant yam, raddish, carrot, ginger, beetrooot were collected from three different markets of Bangalore city (HAL Market, Russel Market, Yellahanka Market). In tubers unpeeled showed relatively more accumulation in comparison with peeled one. This study concludes that the unpeeled tuber samples showed more accumulation of heavy metals than the peeled samples and the elevating levels of heavy metals in tubers having potential health hazards to consumers of locally produced food items.<#LINE#>Divya L., George J. and Midhun G. (2015).@Heavy Metal Contamination of Some Common Tubers Sold in Local Markets of Ernakulam District, Kerala, India.@International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 4, 49-52.@No$Raphael E.C., Eunice O.E. and Frank E.O. (2010).@Trace metals distribution in some common tuber crops and leafy vegetables grown in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria.@Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 9(10), 957-961.@Yes$Fiona M.A., Ravi A., Dolf T.L., Bhupal D.S., Rana P.B., Neela M., Chandra S., Nigel P., Madhoolika A and Singh S.D (2003).@Heavy metal contamination of vegetable in Delhi.@Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 3, 121-125.@No$Neelam K. (1995).@Handbook of Agriculture.@Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 3, 60-65.@No$Neogi B., Tiwari A.K., Singh A.K. and Pathak D.D. (2018).@Evaluation ofmetal contamination and risk assessment tohuman health in a coal mine region of India: Acase study of the North Karanpura coalfield.@Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 24(8), 2011-2023.@Yes$Jaishankar M., Tseten T., Anbalagan N., Mathew B.B. and Beeregowda K.N. (2014).@Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals.@Interdisciplinary toxicology, 7(2), 60-72.@Yes$Yadav K.K., Gupta N., Kumar V. and Singh J.K. (2017).@Bioremediation of Heavy Metals From Contaminated Sites Using Potential Species: A Review.@International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 37, 65-84.@Yes$Yadav A., Yadav P.K. and Shukla D.N. (2013).@Investigation of heavy metal status in soil and vegetables grown in urban area of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.@International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 3(9), 1-7.@Yes$George Jessen, Lakshminarayanan Divya, Severeni Ashili and Sarvajayakesavalu Suriyanarayanan (2018).@Urban wastewater treatment systems: Assessment of removal efficiency based on microbial pathogens-A case study in Mysore, India.@Innovations in Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Sustainable Biological Systems for Agriculture, Emerging Issues in Nanotechnology, Biofertilizers, Wastewater, and Farm Machines, Apple Academic Press, USA (AAP), 269-279.@Yes$Divya L., Jessen G., Suriyanarayanan S. and Karthikeyan K. (2014).@Studies on pathogenic bacterial strains from selected Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) of Mysore, Karnataka, India during different seasons: A comparative appraisal.@Journal of Environmental Research and Development, 9(1), 24-30.@Yes$Divya L., George J., Midhun G., Magesh S.B. and Suriyanarayanan S. (2015).@Impacts of treated sewage effluent on seed germination and vigour index of monocots and dicot seeds.@Russian agricultural sciences, 41(4), 252-257.@Yes$Midhun G., Divya L., George J., Jayakumar P. and Suriyanarayanan S. (2016).@Wastewater treatment studies on free water surface constructed wetland system.@In Integrated Waste Management in India, Springer, Cham., 97-109.@Yes$Suriyanarayanan S., Jessen G., Divya L. and Balasubramanian S. (2012).@Effect of waste paper based paper industry effluents on the growth of tree seedlings.@Journal of Environmental Research and Development, 7(2A), 1117-1126.@Yes
<#LINE#>Heavy metals concentration in soils and some aspects chime-remediation in Iraq and Poland<#LINE#>Nibal Kh. @Mousa,Aleksandra @Badora <#LINE#>27-29<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-039.pdf<#LINE#>Ministry of Science and Technology, Iraq@University of Life Science in Lublin, Poland<#LINE#>15/4/2018<#LINE#>20/7/2018<#LINE#>The heavy metal in Poland between (1999-2017) shows high increasing in level of heavy metals, but all not across the WHO , while Iraq in 2016 show high level of heavy metals in Cadmium that is more than the WHO level; The heavy metal concentration in plants ability to adsorbent them. Baghdad: Mn >Ni >Pb>Cd>Cu, while Poland: Mn=Ni> Cu>Pb>Cd. The chime-remediation by EDTA was better in the silty soil and low organic matter compared to citric acid were to Pb >Cu >Zn respectively. The high lead concentration in Iraqi soils observed acidity soils.<#LINE#>Khan S., Cao Q., Zheng Y.M., Huang Y.Z. and Zhu Y.G. (2008).@Health risks of heavy metals in contaminated soils and food crops irrigated with wastewater in Beijing, China.@Environmental pollution, 152(3), 686-692. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17720286@Yes$Zhang M.K., Liu Z.Y. and Wang H. (2010).@Use of single extraction methods to predict bioavailability of heavy metals in polluted soils to rice.@Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 41(7), 820-831. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103621003592341@Yes$GWRTAC (1997).@Remediation of metals-contaminated soils and groundwater.@GWRTAC, Pittsburgh, USA, 77-85.@No$Kirpichtchikova T.A., Manceau A., Spadini L., Panfili F., Marcus M.A. and Jacquet T. (2006).@Speciation and solubility of heavy metals in contaminated soil using X-ray microfluorescence, EXAFS spectroscopy, chemical extraction, and thermodynamic modeling.@Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70(9), 2163-2190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.02.006@Yes$Maslin P. and Maier R.M. (2000).@Rhamnolipid-enhanced mineralization of phenanthrene in organic-metal co-contaminated soils.@Bioremediation Journal, 4(4), 295-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/10889860091114266@Yes$McLaughlin M.J., Zarcinas B.A., Stevens D.P. and Cook N. (2000).@Soil testing for heavy metals.@Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 31(11-14), 1661-1700. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620009370531@Yes$Chesworth W. (2008).@Encyclopedia of soil science.@Springer, Netherland, 901. ISBN978-1-4020-5127-2.@Yes$Tian P., Li Y. and Yang Z. (2009).@Effect of rainfall and antecedent dry periods on heavy metal loading of sediments on urban roads.@Frontiers of earth Science in China, 3(3), 297-302.@Yes$Mahbub P., Ayoko G.A., Goonetilleke A., Egodawatta P. and Kokot S. (2010).@Impacts of traffic and rainfall characteristics on heavy metals build-up and wash-off from urban roads.@Environmental science & technology, 44(23), 8904-8910. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es1012565@Yes$Hussain K. Sh. (2016).@Determination of Heavy Metals in Two Regions from Kirkuk City Using Sequential Extraction.@Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 4(2), 38-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ gep. 2016.42005@Yes$Kuziemska B., Paku&#322;a K., Pieniak-Lendzion K. and Becher M. (2017).@Heavy metals in soil along transport routes.@Seria: Administracja i Zarz&#261;dzanie, 39(112), 97-107.@Yes$Treder W. (2005).@Variation in soil pH, calcium and magnesium status influenced by drip irrigation and fertigation.@Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research, 13, 59-70.@Yes$Ali A.K. and Alkhafajy A. Kh. (2016).@Assessment of Heavy Metal (Ni, Cr) Contamination and Spatial Distribution in Surface Sediment and Soil in the Area of Lake Sawa.@International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 5(4), 1089-1092.@No$Sillanp&#1235;&#1235; M. (1982).@Micronutrients and the nutrient status of soils: global study.@Food and agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO soils bulletin, 48, 307-310. ISNB: 92-5-101193-1.@Yes$Yassen M.J., Schanz T. and Mou@Comparison of Gypsiferous Soils in Samarra and Karbala Areas, Iraq.@Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining, 6(2), 115-126.@Yes$do Nascimento C.W.A., Amarasiriwardena D. and Xing B. (2006).@Comparison of natural organic acids and synthetic chelates at enhancing phytoextraction of metals from a multi-metal contaminated soil.@Environmental Pollution, 140(1), 114-123.@Yes$Gzar H.A. and Mottar Z.H. (2015).@Desorption of lead, copper and zinc from iraqi silty contaminated soil.@Al-Qadisiya Journal for Engineering Sciences, 8(4), 540-557.\\@Yes$McCauley A. (2017).@Soil pH and Organic Matter.@Nutrient management module, 8(17), 4449-4458.@Yes
<#LINE#>Net primary production of the river Buriganga, Bangladesh<#LINE#>J.F. @Ara,M.N. @Islam <#LINE#>30-33<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-051.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Jessore Science and Technology University, Jessore-7400, Bangladesh@JICA Human Development Television Project Office in Bangladesh, Television Bhaban, Rampura, Dhaka-1219, Bangladesh<#LINE#>25/5/2018<#LINE#>7/8/2018<#LINE#>Incubation experiments were carried out on-board under natural illumination condition to the assessment of net primary production of the river Buriganga. The net primary production (NPP) of the river Buriganga were found 147.73±1.8 &#956;gCm&#8722;2d&#8722;1 and 66.48±1.9 &#956;gCm&#8722;2d&#8722;1 in day-1 of wet and dry season respectively. The productivity was gradually decreased by time during the incubation period. The net primary productivity of the river were very small unit due to heavy pollution by the chemical and organic wastes. The concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in this water body were very low which is so difficult to survival of aquatic life in water of Buriganga.<#LINE#>Roy J., Saugier B. and Mooney H.A. (2001).@Terrestrial Global Productivity.@Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.@Yes$Francis C.H. (1994).@Accumulation and disponibilidad de metals pesados en suelosregados con agusresidualses en Distrito de Riego 03, Tula, Hgo. Rev.@International Contamination Ambient, 10, 15-21.@Yes$Islam M.M., Akhtar M.K. and Masud M.S. (2006).@Prediction of environmental flow to improve the water quality in the river Buriganga.@In Proceedings of the 17th IASTED International Conference on Modelling and Simulation, Montreal, QC, Canada.@Yes$Libes S.M. (1992).@Organic matter: Production and destruction. Introduction to marine biogeochemistry.@Academic Press, California, 129-141.@Yes$Saha M.L., Khan M.R., Ali M. and Hoque S. (2009).@Bacterial load and chemical pollution level of the River Buriganga, Dhaka, Bangladesh.@Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 38(1), 87-91.@Yes$Saifullah A.S.M., Kabir M.H., Khatun A., Roy S. and Sheikh M.S. (2012).@Investigation of some water quality parameters of the Buriganga River.@Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, 5(2), 47-52.@Yes$Rahman M.R. and Rana M.Y. (1996).@Pollution Assimilation Capacity of Buriganga River.@J. of Civil Eng., 24(1), 85-95.@Yes$Khan M.A.I., Hossain A.M., Huda M.E., Islam M.S. and Elahi S.F. (2007).@Physico-chemical and biological aspects of monsoon waters of Ashulia for economic and aesthetic applications: Preliminary studies.@Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 42(4), 377-396.@Yes$Hasan M.K., Hasan M.K. and Hossain A. (2013).@A comparative study of water quality in the peripheral rivers of Dhaka city.@Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci, 22(2), 127-136.@Yes
@Case Study
<#LINE#>Role of suburban wetland in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation - Case study of Timbi Reservoir, Vadodara, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>Tailor Manthan @A.,Mankodi @P.C. <#LINE#>34-38<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-033.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Studies, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India@Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda,Vadodara, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>21/3/2018<#LINE#>6/8/2018<#LINE#>The wetland systems, characterized by transition between terrestrial and aquatic systems; which also include shallow reservoirs; are important in a number of ways to human and environment. Such systems are known for providing ecological services such as supporting higher biodiversity, nutrient cycling, sediment retention, flood control, combating drought, supply of water, regulating microclimate etc. Nevertheless, there is another dimension for appraisal of such systems i.e. their carbon sequestration potential and their role in mitigation of Climate Change. The study was carried out to assess the spatial distribution of Organic Carbon (OC) stock in the sediments and total carbon stored per unit area of Timbi Reservoir. The study revealed that the OC stored in the sediments was 76.2tons/hectare (sediment depth 15cm) with a total OC stock of 3.33x103 tons equivalent to 12.21x103tons of atmospheric CO2. The study also indicated that the part of the wetland inundated for longer period of times stored more OC. This, in fact, is an important result as depleting water levels and exposed sediments may release the stored OC back into the atmosphere. The climate change and depleting wetland and other lentic systems may trigger a positive feedback accelerating climate change.<#LINE#>Tao X. (2011).@Phytoplankton biodiversity survey and environmental evaluation in JiaLize wetlands in Kunming City.@Procedia Environmental Sciences, 10, 2336-2341.@Yes$Safari D., Tumwesigye W., Mulongo G. and Byarugaba D. (2012).@Impact of Human Activities on the Quality of Water in Nyaruzinga Wetland of Bushenyi District-Uganda.@International Science Congress Association.@Yes$Dean W.E. and Gorham E. (1998).@Magnitude and significance of carbon burial in lakes, reservoirs, and peatlands.@Geology, 26(6), 535-538.@Yes$Avnimelech Y., Ritvo G., Meijer L.E. and Kochba M. (2001).@Water content, organic carbon and dry bulk density in flooded sediments.@Aquacultural engineering, 25(1), 25-33.@Yes$Gudasz C., Bastviken D., Steger K., Premke K., Sobek S. and Tranvik L.J. (2010).@Temperature-controlled organic carbon mineralization in lake sediments.@Nature, 466(7305), 478.@Yes$Parikh A.N. and Mankodi P.C. (2011).@Water Quality Assessment of Harni Pond of Vadodara (Gujarat).@Electronic Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4, 55-59.@Yes$Parikh Ankita N. and Mankodi P.C. (2012).@Limnology of Sama Pond, Vadodara City, Gujarat.@Res. J. Recent Sci, 1(1), 16-21.@Yes$Pathak Neelam B. and Mankodi P.C. (2013).@Hydrological status of Danteshwar pond, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.@Int. Res. J. Environment Sci, 2(1), 43-48.@Yes$Rathod J. and Padate G.S. (2007).@A Comparative Study of Avifauna of A Sub-Urban Wetland and an Irrigation Reserviour of SavliTaluka, District Vadodara.@In Proceedings of Taal 2007: The 12th World Lake Conference, 537, 541.@Yes$Parikh P., Unadkat K. and Nagar P. (2015).@Study of aquatic weeds in two ponds of Vadodara, Gujarat.@IJAPRR (International Peer Reviewed Refereed Journal), 2(1), 1-7.@Yes$Pandya I.Y., Salvi H., Chahar O. and Vaghela N. (2013).@Quantitative analysis on carbon storage of 25 valuable tree species of Gujarat, incredible India.@Indian Journal of Scientific Research, 4(1), 137-141.@Yes$Jagiwala J. and Dharaiya N. (2015).@Carbon storage potentiality and native tree density in arid areas of Gujarat, India: to suggest reforestation strategies.@Journal of Environmental Research and Development, 10(2), 333.@Yes$Patil V.P., Vaghela B.N., Soni D.B., Patel P.N. and Jasrai Y.T. (2012).@Carbon sequestration potential of the soil of Jambughoda wildlife sanctuary, Gujarat.@International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2(12), 1-5.@Yes$Mehta N., Pandya N.R., Thomas V.O. and Krishnayya N.S.R. (2014).@Impact of rainfall gradient on aboveground biomass and soil organic carbon dynamics of forest covers in Gujarat, India.@Ecological research, 29(6), 1053-1063.@Yes$Patel C.A. (2013).@Inter-relationships of waders and macrobenthic assemblages with reference to abiotic variables in reservoirs of central Gujarat, India (Phd Thesis).@The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.@Yes$Cao Q., Wang R., Zhang H., Ge X. and Liu J. (2015).@Distribution of Organic Carbon in the Sediments of Xinxue River and the Xinxue River Constructed Wetland, China.@PloS one, 10(7), e0134713.@Yes$Carter M.R. (1990).@Relative measures of soil bulk density to characterize compaction in tillage studies on fine sandy loams.@Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 70(3), 425-433.@Yes$Kumar A. and Sharma M.P. (2016).@Estimation of soil organic carbon in the forest catchment of two hydroelectric reservoirs in Uttarakhand, India.@Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 991-1001.@Yes$Kothari C.R. (2004).@Research methodology: Methods and techniques.@New Age International.@Yes$Maiti S.K. (2002).@Handbook of Methods in Environmental studies.@Air, Noise, Soil and Overburden analysis). ABD Publishers, Jaipur, 2, 250. ISBN 81-85771-58-8.@No$Steiniger S. and Hunter A.J. (2012).@Free and open source GIS software for building a spatial data infrastructure.@Geospatial free and open source software in the 21st century, 247-261.@Yes$Sahrawat K.L., Bhattacharyya T., Wani S.P., Chandran P., Ray S.K., Pal D.K. and Padmaja K.V. (2005).@Long-term lowland rice and arable cropping effects on carbon and nitrogen status of some semi-arid tropical soils.@Current Science, 2159-2163.@Yes