@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Heavy metal distribution in soil of Jaypee Cement Industrial Area 2012-13 of Rewa City, MP, India<#LINE#>Singh@Mukesh ,Bhatnagar@M.K. ,Solanki@Manoj Kumar  <#LINE#>1-5<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2017-148.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Govt. SSS PG College, Shahdol -484771, MP, India@Department of Chemistry, Govt. SSS PG College, Shahdol -484771, MP, India@Department of Chemistry, Govt. Engineering College, Rewa-486002, MP, India<#LINE#>14/12/2017<#LINE#>10/4/2018<#LINE#>The paper present on the heavy metal analysis of soil samples collected from ten different area of JP cement Industrial area of Rewa district, Madhya Pradesh state India. The variable parameters are correlated. Pre-monsoon and post monsoon variation in heavy metals parameters like Copper, Zinc, Iron, Manganese, Chromium, Nickel, lead, Cobalt etc. Were analysed for a period of year 2012-13. Were soil sample is indicated by JPIAS-1 to JP IAS-10. A great deal of increase in urbanization has resulted in soil contamination by heavy metals. This research aimed at identifying the adversely affected Jones due to this increase. Soil samples collected from fields and industrial area around Jaypee cement plant, duly analysed by AAS method .Revealed the fact that heavy metal contamination in the area is caused by anthropogenic activities.<#LINE#>Singh Mukeshand Bhatnagar M.K. (2015).@Physico-chemical Analysis of soil in Pre monsoon of Jaypee Cement Industrial Area 2013-14 of Rewa city, M.P. India.@International Research Journal of Envirnomental Science, 4(1), 42-46.@No$Bhargava Pritiand Dutta Subroto (2014).@Impact of Explosive Industry effluents on Soil quality parameters and Heavy metal load-A study of RECL (Rajasthan Explosive and Chemical Limited) Dholpur, Rajasthan, India.@International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 3(11), 32-35.@No$Gangadhar Z.S. (2014).@Environmental Impact Assessment on Soil Pollution Issue About Human Health.@International Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3(11), 78-81.@Yes$Solank Manoj and Gupta O.P. (2013).@Study of Yearly Variation and Physico-Chemical study of River Water, Underground Water and Surface Water of Rewa City, M.P.@International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 2(9), 1-4.@No$Gowd S.S., Reddy M.R. and Govil P.K. (2010).@Assessment of heavy metal contamination in soils at Jajmau (Kanpur) and Unnao industrial areas of the Ganga Plain, Uttar Pradesh, India.@Journal of Hazardous Materials, 174(1-3), 113-121.@Yes$Purushotham D., Lone M.A., Rashid M., Rao A.N. and Ahmed S. (2012).@Deciphering heavy metal contamination zones in soils of a granitic terrain of southern India using factor analysis and GIS.@Journal of earth system science, 121(4), 1059-1070.@Yes$Dheeba B. and Sampathkumar P. (2012).@Evaluation of heavy metal contamination in surface soil around industrial area, Tamil Nadu, India.@International Journal of Chem Tech Research, 4(3), 1229-1240.@Yes$Chopra A.K., Pathak C. and Prasad G. (2009).@Scenario of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soil and its management.@Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 1(1), 99-108.@Yes$Dwivedi A.P., Tripathi I.P. and Kumar M.S. (2013).@Assessment of soil and ground water quality in rewa district of Vindhyan Plateau (India).@Journal of environmental science & engineering, 55(1), 51-64.@Yes$Lindsay W.L. and Norvell W.A. (1978).@Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper1.@Soil science society of America journal, 42(3), 421-428.@Yes$Alloway B.J. (1990).@Heavy metals in soils.@John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, ISBN 0470215984@No$Singh Mukesh (2017).@Physico-Chemical And Biological Analysis of Jaypee Nagar Industrial Area Soil In Rewa District with Special Reference To Heavy Metals.@A.P.S University, Rewa (M.P.).@No
<#LINE#>Hydrogeochemistry and qualitative assessment of groundwater resources in Digapahandi block of Odisha, India<#LINE#>Chandra Sahu@Pramod  <#LINE#>6-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-001.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Geology, MPC Autonomous Colleges, Baripada, Odisha, India<#LINE#>1/1/2018<#LINE#>16/4/2018<#LINE#>Digapahandi area of Ganjam is a chronically drought prone and economically poor region in Orissa. The economy of the area is basically agrarian. Surface water irrigation is not adequate. Drinking water scarcity is very acute during summer. The systematic and logical evaluation of groundwater resources qualitatively is essential for sustainable utilization and management of groundwater in this area. Comparison of the potable water standards (ISI, 1983) with the various water quality parameters of ground water from aquifers reveals that groundwater comes under potable category with respect to maximum permissible limit. It is a general observation that the water from deeper aquifers have superior quality than that of the shallow aquifers. Therefore, from the quality aspect, the water from deep bore wells is most suitable. Ions of higher concentration are normally observed in villages like S.Tikarapada, Samantarapur, Pentha, Ankorda, Kusapada, Baligudi and Basudevpur with respect to SAR, RC, TDS, Percent Sodium, Magnesium Hazard and P.I., the ground water of both dug wells and bore wells falls within good to excellent category for agricultural uses except very few cases.<#LINE#>Jasrotia A.S. and Singh R. (2007).@Hydro chemistry and Ground water quality, Around Devak and Rui watersheds of Jammu Region.@J.K. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, 69, 1042-1954.@Yes$Pandian K. and Sankar K. (2007).@Hydrogeochemistry and Ground water quality in the Vaippar River Basin, Tamil Nadu.@Jour. Geol. Soc. India, 69, 970-982.@Yes$Ramesh K., Li T. and Bhuvana J.P. (2012).@Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Ground Water for Domestic and Irrigation purpose In Periyakulum Taluk of Theni District, Tamilnadu.@I. Res. J. Environmental Sci., 1(1), 19-27.@No$Garcia S.G., Lastoria G. and Henrique C.G. (2015).@Hydrochemistry Applied to Water Supply System: A case study from a Brazilian Urban area.@Engineering Geology for society and Territory, Springer, Chem. S, 1365-1368.@Yes$Haritosh A.K., Kaushik C.P., Kaushik A. and Yadav A.K. (2008).@Suitability Assessment of groundwater for drinking, irrigation and Industrial use in some north India villages.@Environ. Monit Assess, 145, 397-406.@Yes$Chen S. and Gui H. (2016).@Quality Assessment and Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Ground water from coal bearing aquifer in Sunan Coal Mine, Anhui Province, China.@Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 15(4), 1341-1346.@Yes$Raghunath H.M. (1987).@Groundwater.@Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi, 1-504, ISBN:81-224-1904-6.@Yes$Karanth K.R. (1987).@Ground Water Assessment development and management.@Tata McGrow Hill, New  Delhi.@Yes$Aghazadeh N., Chitsazan M. and Golestan Y. (2017).@Hydrochemistry and quality assessment of groundwater in the Ardabil area, Iran.@Applied Water Science, 7(7), 3599-3616.@Yes$Wu H., Chen J., Qian H. and Zhang X. (2015).@Chemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Ground water of exploited quibers in Beijiao water source of Yinchuan, China: A case study for Drinking, Irrigation and Industrial purposes.@Jou. Chem., 1-14.@Yes$Rao N.S., Vidyasagar G., Rao P.S. and Bhanumurthy P. (2017).@Chemistry and Quality of Ground water in a coastal region of Andhra Pradesh, India.@Appl. Water Sc, 7, 285-294.@Yes$Marghade D., Malpe D.B. and Zade A.B. (2011).@Geochemical characterization of groundwater from northeastern part of Nagpur urban, Central India.@Environmental Earth Sciences, 62(7), 1419-1430.@Yes$Rao P.N., Rao S.A. and Rao N.S. (2015).@Suitability of groundwater quality for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes in the Western Delta Region of the River Godavari, Andhra Pradesh.@Journal of the Geological Society of India, 86(2), 181-190.@Yes$Prasanth R.S., Remya J. and Kumar R.B. (2015).@Appraisal of Groundwater Quality Around two International Tourism Destinations, Kovalam and Vizhinjam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.@Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 14(2), 307-312.@Yes$Raj D. and Kumar R.B. (2015).@Judgement of Groundwater Quality Around Trivandrum Civil Station, Kerala, India: A GIS Based Approach.@Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 14(1), 157-160.@Yes$Doneen L.D. (1964).@Notes on Water Quality in Agriculture published as a Water Science and Engineering Paper 4001.@Department of Water Science and Engineering, University of California.@Yes$Richards L.A. (1954).@Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils.@Agricultural hand book 60. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Washington D.C., 160.@Yes$Regional Salinity Laboratory (US). (1954).@Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils (No. 60).@US Govt. Print. off.@Yes$Wilcox L.V. (1955).@Classification and use of irrigation water.@USDA circular 969, 19.@Yes$ISI (1983).@Indian standards specifications for drinking water.@IS: 10500.@No
<#LINE#>Application of Nickel Calciate Nanoparticles in the Photodegradation of direct green 6 Dye<#LINE#>A.M.@Santhosh ,K.@Yogendra , K.M.@Mahadevan,I.H.@Mallikarjuna ,N.@Madhusudhana  <#LINE#>12-18<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-011.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of P.G. Studies and Research in Envi. Science, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India@Dept. of P.G. Studies and Research in Envi. Science, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India@Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Chemistry, Kadur P.G Center, Kuvempu University, Kadur, Karnataka, India@Department of Chemistry, Government Science College, Hassan, Karnataka, India@Dept. of P.G. Studies and Research in Envi. Science, Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India<#LINE#>1/2/2018<#LINE#>20/5/2018<#LINE#>Dyes are components associated with major water pollution and results in several health issues, so that alternative technologies are required in the treatment of dye effluent. In study mainly focused on photodegradation on Direct Green 6 (DG6) a textile dye by using synthesized Nickel Calciate (NiCaO2) nanoparticles and these nanoparticles were prepared by economically viable method by using acetamide as a fuel. The characterization was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Brunauer Emmett-Teller surface area determination and UV-absorption spectroscopy. The results suggested that that, the band gap was found to be 3.3eV and also point zero charge was found to be 11.7, it is determined by pH drift method. Photocatalytic degradation was determined against DG6, with respect to parameters such as catalyst concentration, pH, dye concentration and in different conditions. From these experimental results we came to know that, the optimum catalyst concentration and pH was found to be 0.3g/100ml at pH 8. The maximum degradation was found to be 91.80%. Hence, the efficiency of photodegradation of DG6 dye by using NiCaO2 nanoparticles was ascertained.<#LINE#>Weldemariam Y. and Welderfael T. (2015).@Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange by Ag-N Co-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles.@Chemistry and Materials Research, 7(8), 40-49.@Yes$Elavarasi N. and Priya G.P. (2015).@Decolourization of Methyl Orange Dye from Synthetic Waste water using Biosynthesized Iron Nanoparticles.@International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 6(1), 423-430.@No$Chatchai P., Nosaka A.Y. and Nosaka Y. (2013).@Photoelectrocatalytic performance of WO3/BiVO4 toward the dye degradation.@Electrochimica Acta, 94, 314-319. doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.152.@Yes$Gopalappa H., Yogendra K., Mahadevan K.M. and Madhusudhana N. (2012).@A comparative study on the solar photocatalytic degradation of Brilliant Red azo dye by CaO and CaMgO2 nanoparticles.@International Journal of Science Research, 1(2), 91-95.@Yes$Malato S., Blanco J., Vidal A. and Richter C. (2002).@Photocatalysis with solar energy at a pilot-plant scale: an overview.@Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 37, 1-15.@Yes$Pandey A., Singh P. and Iyengar L. (2007).@Bacterial decolorization and degradation of azo dyes.@International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 59(2), 73-84.@Yes$Madhusudhana N., Yogendra K., Mahadevan K.M. and Santhosh A.M. (2017).@Synthesis and Appalication of MgZnSro3 Nano-Particle to the Photocatalytic Decolourization of Victoria Blue B Dye (VBB).@International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, 6(8), 52-61.@Yes$Madhusudhan N., Yogendra K., Mahadevan K.M. and Kiran G.R. (2017).@Synthesis and Apllication of MgZnSrO3 Nano-particle for the Photocatalytic decolurization of Coralene Dark Red 2B Azo Dye (CDR 2B).@AGU International Journal of Science and Technology, 5, 1-10.@No$Santhosh A.M., Yogendra K., Mahadevan K.M. and Madhusudhana N. (2017).@Photodegradation of Congo Red azo dye, a Carcinogenic Textile dye by using synthesized Nickel Calciate Nanoparticles.@International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, 6(7), 51-64.@Yes$Shilpa G., Yogendra K., Mahadevan K.M. and Madhusudhana N. (2017).@Synthesis of Znal2o4 Nano-Particles and Its Application for Photo-Catalytic Decolourization of Model Azo Dye Acid Red 88 in Presence of Natural Sunlight.@IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry, 10(7), 35-41. DOI: 10.9790/5736-1007023541.@Yes$Kiran G.R., Yogendra K., Mahadevan K.M. and Madhusudhana N. (2017).@Solar Photocatalytic decolourization of Direct blue 14 dye by using Synthesized SrO Nanoparticles.@International Journal of Advance Technology in Engineering and Science, 5(7), 173-182.@Yes$Gurushantha K., Anantharaju K.S., Nagabhushana H., Sharma S.C., Vidya Y.S., Shivakumara C., Nagaswarupa H.P., Prashantha S.C. and Anilkumar M.R. (2015).@Chemical Facile green fabrication of iron-doped cubic ZrO2 nanoparticles by Phyllanthus acidus&#8239;: Structural, photocatalytic and photoluminescent properties.@Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 397, 36-47. doi:10.1016/2014.10.025.@Yes$Ye L.I.U., Qin M.L., Zhang L., Jia B.R., Cao Z.Q., Zhang D.Z. and Qu X.H. (2015).@Solution combustion synthesis of Ni–Y2O3 nanocomposite powder.@Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 25(1), 129-136. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(15) 63587-7.@Yes$Yang T., Xia D., Chen G. and Chen Y. (2009).@Influence of the surfactant and temperature on the morphology and physico-chemical properties of hydrothermally synthesized composite oxide BiVO4.@Materials Chemistry and Physics, 114, 69-72. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys. 2008.08.005.@Yes$Kulkarni S.D., Kumbar S., Menon S.G., Choudhari K.S. and Santhosh C. (2016).@Magnetically separable core–shell ZnFe2O4,ZnO nanoparticles for visible light photodegradation of methyl orange.@Materials Research Bulletin, 77, 70-77. doi.org/10.1016/ j.materresbull. 2016.01.022.@Yes$Sobana N., Thirumalai K. and Swaminathan M. (2016).@Kinetics of Solar Light Assisted Degradation of Direct Red 23 on Activated Carbon-loaded Zinc Oxide and Influence of Operational Parameters.@Canadian Chemical transactions, 4(1), 77-89. doi.org/10.13179/canchemtrans. 2016.04.01.0258@Yes$Sangari N.U. and Velusamy P. (2016).@Photocatalytic Decoloration Efficiencies of ZnO and TiO2&#8239;: A Comparative Study.@Journal of Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2(1), 42-45.@Yes$Bdewi S.F., Abdulrazaka A.M. and Aziz B.K. (2015).@Catalytic Photodegradation of Methyl orange using MgO nanoparticles prepared by molten salt method.@Asian Transactions on Engineering, 5(6), 1-5.@Yes$Subramani A.K., Byrappa K., Ananda S., Lokanatha Rai K.M., Ranganathaiah C. and Yoshimura M. (2007).@Photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine dye using TiO2 impregnated activated carbon.@Bulletin of materials science, 30, 37-41. doi:10.1007/s12034-007-0007-8.@Yes$Sakthivel S., Neppolian B., Shankar M.V, Arabindoo B., Palanichamy M. and Murugesan V. (2003).@Solar photocatalytic degradation of azo dye&#8239;: comparison of photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO and TiO2.@Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 77, 65-82.@Yes$Turchi C.S. and Ollis D.F. (1990).@Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Water Contaminants:  Mechanisms Involving Hydroxyl Radical Attack.@Journal of Catalysis, 122, 178-192.@Yes$Guillard C., Lachheb H., Houas A., Ksibi M., Elaloui E. and Herrman J.M. (2003).@Influence of chemical structure of dyes of pH and of inorganic salts on their phtocatlytic degradation by TiO2 Comparison of efficiency of powder and supported TiO2.@Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 158, 27-36. doi:10.1016/ S1010-6030 (03)00016-9@Yes$Mehta R. and Surana M. (2012).@Comparative study of photo-degradation of dye Acid Orange-8 by Fenton reagent and Titanium Oxide- A review.@Der Pharma Chemica, 4(1), 311-319.@Yes$Natarajan K., Natarajan T.S., Bajaj H.C. and Tyade R.J. (2011).@Photocatalytic reactor based on UV-LED /TiO2 coated quartz tube for degradation of dyes.@Chemical Engineering Journal, 178, 40-49. doi: 10.1016/ j.cej. 2011.10.007.@Yes$Neppolian B., Choi H.C., Sakthivel S., Arabindoo B. and Murugesan V. (2002).@Solar light induced and TiO2 assisted degradation of textile dye reactive blue.@Chemosphere, 46(8), 1173-1181.@Yes$Habib A., Shahadat T., Bahadur N.M., Ismail I.M.I. and Mahmood A.J. (2013).@Synthesis and characterization of ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposites and their application as photocatalysts.@International Nano Letters, 3(5), 1-8. doi:10.1186/2228-5326-3-5.@Yes$Chakrabarti S. and Dutta B.K. (2004).@Photocatalytic degradation of model textile dyes in wastewater using ZnO as semiconductor catalyst.@Journal of Hazardous Materials B, 112, 269-278. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.05.013.@Yes$Raveendra R.S., Prashanth P.A., Krishna R.H., Bhagya N.P., Nagabhushana B.M., Naika H.R., Lingaraju K., Nagabhushana H. and Prasad B.D. (2014).@Synthesis, structural characterization of nano ZnTiO3 ceramic&#8239;: An effective azo dye adsorbent and antibacterial agent.@Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 2(4), 357-365. doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jascer.2014.07.008.@Yes$Movahedi M., Mahjoub A.R. and Darzi J.S. (2009).@Photodegradation of Congo red in Aqueous Solution on ZnO as an Alternative Catalyst to TiO2.@Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society, 6(3), 570-577.@Yes$Santiago G.A., Mayen S.A., Delgado G.T., Perez C.R., Maldonado A. and Olvera-de-la M.L. (2010).@Photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue using undoped and Ag doped TiO2 thin films deposited by a sol gel process: Effect of the ageing time of the starting solution and the film thickness.@Materials Science and Engineering B, 174(1-3), 84-87. doi:10.1016/j.mseb. 2010.03.009.@Yes
<#LINE#>Water quality index of Thol Wetland, Mehsana, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>Mahendra H.@Bhadrecha , Pradeep C.@Mankodi <#LINE#>19-24<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-018.pdf<#LINE#>Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Sector 10-A, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India@Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>8/2/2018<#LINE#>27/4/2018<#LINE#>The Water Quality Index (WQI) of the Thol Wetland was calculated based on water quality parameters like pH, Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Phosphate, Alkalinity - as CaCO3, Total Hardness as CaCO3, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, % Sodium, Sodium Absorption Ratio, Chloride and Sulphate. Physico chemical parameters of water samples were analyzed for summer, monsoon and winter seasons during the year 2015- 2016. The study included sampling and its analysis of water samples, parameter rating and water quality determination. WQI is calculated in context with the basic usage of Thol Wetland water viz. irrigation and propagation of wildlife.<#LINE#>Alobaidy A.H.M.J., Abid H.S. and Maulood B.K. (2010).@Application of water quality index for assessment of Dokan lake ecosystem, Kurdistan region, Iraq.@Journal of water resource and protection, 2(9), 792-798.@Yes$Gor A. and Shah A. (2014).@Water quality index of Mahi River, Vadodara, Gujarat.@International Journal of Engineering Development and Research, 2(3), 3214-3219. Standard Methods for Water and Waste Water Analysis, 21st edition, 2005, APHA, AWWA, WEF.@Yes$Sharma S. and Reddy A.S. (2013).@Development of water quality indices for designated best uses of surface water body.@International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology, 2(5), 82-93.@Yes$Singh S., Ghosh N.C., Krishan G., Galkate R. and Thomas T. (2015).@Development of an Overall Water Quality Index for Surface Water in Indian Context.@Current World Environment, 10(3), 813-822.@Yes$Kamboj R.D. and Tatu K. (2017).@Important Wetland Destinations of Gujarat – A guide for ecotourists to explore some wetland jewels in Gujarat.@Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation, Gandhinagar.@No$Principal Chief Conservator of Forest and Head of the Forest Force Govn. of Gujarat (2017). https://forests.gujarat.gov.in, accessed on 21.12.2016 and 08.01.2018.@undefined@undefined@No$Guidelines for Water Quality Monitoring (2007), Central Pollution Control Board, MINARS/27/2007-08.@undefined@undefined@No$Water Environmental Federation, APH Association (2005).@Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater.@21st edition, APHA, AWWA, WEF.@No$Parikh A.N. and Mankodi P.C. (2011).@Water Quality Assessment of Harni Pond of Vadodara (Gujarat).@Electronic Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4, 55-59.@Yes$Primary water quality criteria for various uses of fresh waters (1978), Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi, ADSORBS/3/1978-79.@undefined@undefined@No$Qureshimatva U.M., Maurya R.R., Gamit S.B., Patel R.D. and Solanki H.A. (2015).@Determination of physico-chemical parameters and water quality index (WQI) of Chandlodia lake, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.@J. Environ. Anal. Toxicol, 5(4), 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000288.@Yes$Raychaudhuri Mausumi, Raychaudhuri S., Jena S.K., Kumar Ashwani and Srivastava R.C. (2014).@WQI to Monitor Quality for Irrigation and Potable Use.@DWM Bulletin No. 71 Directorate of Water Management, Bhubaneshwar, India, 43.@Yes$Ramakrishnaiah C.R., Sadashivaiah C. and Ranganna G. (2009).@Assessment of water quality index for the groundwater in Tumkur Taluk, Karnataka State, India.@Journal of Chemistry, 6(2), 523-530.@Yes$Bala G. and Mukherjee A. (2010).@Water Quality Index of Some Wetlands in Nadia District, West Bengal, India.@International Journal of Lakes and Rivers, 4(1), 21-26.@Yes$Guidelines for the Quality of Irrigation Water, Bureau of Indian Standards,IS: 11624-1986.@undefined@undefined@No$Yogendra K. and Puttaiah E.T. (2008).@Determination of water quality index and suitability of an urban water body in Shimoga Town, Karnataka.@In Proceedings of Taal 2007: The 12th world lake conference, 342-346.@Yes$Maia C.E. and Rodrigues K.K.R.D.P. (2012).@Proposal for an index to classify irrigation water quality: a case study in northeastern Brazil.@Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 36(3), 823-830.@Yes$Dhembare A.J. (2012).@Assessment of water quality indices for irrigation of Dynaneshwar Dam water, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.@Archives of Applied Science Research, 4(1), 348-352.@Yes$Stoner J.D. (1978).@Water-quality indices for specific water uses.@Department of the Interior, Geological Survey.@Yes
<#LINE#>Studies on the seasonal variations of ground water quality in Lefunga block of West Tripura District, Tripura, India<#LINE#>Singh@M.K. ,Paul@R. ,Karmakar@B.  <#LINE#>25-33<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-022.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura West-799022, India@Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura West-799022, India@Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura West-799022, India<#LINE#>19/2/2018<#LINE#>25/4/2018<#LINE#>Our present work is to find out the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigational purposes within the Lefunga block of west Tripura district, Tripura and also to evaluate their seasonal variation. Water samples have been collected from ten different spots of Lefunga block. Collected groundwater samples from the study area have been analysed for the determination of some physical parameters like pH, EC, TDS along with vital cations and anions like Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Cl, HCO3, SO4 and F etc. The obtained analytical data of water samples in Lefunga block suggest that the quality of water is within the standard limits of WQI categorization and acceptable for drinking purposes both in pre and post-monsoon seasons except one location having high level of iron content. Based on the analytical data, different water quality indices like sodium percentage (Na %), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Magnesium Hazard (MH), Permeability Index (PI) and Kelly’s ratio (KR) have been measured for the suitability irrigational purposes. The calculated water quality indices reveal that the groundwater of Lefunga block is suitable for agricultural purpose for both the seasons.<#LINE#>Shanthi N., Elamvaluthi M., Kotteswari M. and Murugesan S. (2016).@Assessment of groundwater quality in and around Thiruvallur district, Tamilnadu.@Int. J. Env. Sci, 6(5), 883-893.@Yes$Sharma P.K., Vijay R. and Punia M.P. (2015).@Characterization of groundwater quality of Tonk District, Rajasthan, India using factor analysis.@Int. J. Env. Sci, 6(4), 454-466.@Yes$Prasanth S.V., Mangesh N.S., Jiteshlal K.V., Chandrasekhar N. and Gangadhar K. (2012).@Evaluation of groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and agricultural use in the coastal stretch of Alappuzha District, Kerala, India.@App .Wat. Sci, 2, 165-175.@Yes$Srinivas Y., Oliver D.H., Raj A.S. and Chandrasekar N. (2014).@Quality assessment and hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in Agastheeswaram taluk, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India.@Chin. J. Geo, 33(3), 221-235.@Yes$Kumaresan A. and Vaithyanathan C. (2017).@Evaluation of groundwater quality near the salt-pans of Kanyakumari and Tuticorin Districts, Tamilnadu, India.@Int. J. Chem. Tech. Res, 10(4), 327-333.@Yes$Ramamohan H., Sudhakar I., Suresh P.P. and Udayasree A. (2016).@Assessment and substantiation of ground water quality to ascertain WQI in some selected areas of north east coast of Srikakulam district, A.P, India.@Int. J. Env. Sci, 6(5), 867-882.@Yes$Sharda S., Brar K.K., Kaur G. and Madhuri R.S. (2015).@Assessment of groundwater quality in relation to agricultural purposes in parts of Ludhiana District, Punjab, India.@Int. J. Env. Sci, 5(4), 802-813.@Yes$Kumar N., Kumar S. and Singh D.P. (2015).@Ground water quality evaluation at suburban areas of Lucknow, U.P., India.@Int. J. Env. Sci, 6(3), 376-387.@Yes$Selvakumar S., Ramkumar K., Chandrasekar N., Magesh N.S. and Kaliraj S. (2017).@Groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and irrigational use in the southern Tiruchirrapalli district, Tamilnadu, India.@App .Wat. Sci, 7, 411-420.@Yes$Paul R., Das S., Nag S.K. and Singh M.K. 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<#LINE#>Metal tolerant and antibiotic resistant bacteria from the rhizosphere of water hyacinth: a study from a wetland receiving non point source of contamination<#LINE#>Kabeer@Raisa ,Varghese@Rinoy ,V.P.@Sylas  <#LINE#>34-45<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-025.pdf<#LINE#>School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India@School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India@School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India<#LINE#>28/2/2018<#LINE#>19/4/2018<#LINE#>Heavy metals and antibiotics are considered as the emerging environmental pollutants causing both long-term and short-term modifications in the natural microbial communities due to their toxicity. The present study focus on the metal tolerance and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of water hyacinth growing in a tropical wetland ecosystem. The water quality analysis, profiling of bacteria from the water hyacinth rhizosphere, bacterial load of water and sediment, and metal tolerance of rhizosphere bacteria against Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were tested. The antibiotic resistance experiments were also carried out on the rhizosphere bacteria samples with 13 different antibiotics. Results showed that microbial load in rhizosphere were 67x103 CFU/ml and the same of associated water and sediment system were 2.21x102 CFU/ml and 2.56x103 CFU/ml respectively. Five different bacterial genera were identified from the rhizosphere of water hyacinth which belongs to Chromobacterium, Bacillus, Listeria, Pseudomonas and Vibrio. The pattern of heavy metal tolerance observed by isolated strains as follows: Chromobacterium-Pb>Zn&#8805;Cu>Cd, Vibrio - Pb>Zn>Cu>Cd,b Bacillus -Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd, Listeria - Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd, and Pseudomonas - Pb>Zn>Cu>Cd. The antibiotic resistance pattern showed that all the bacterial species were sensitive towards Chloramphenicol, Amikacin, Gentamicin and resistant towards Penicillin and Ampicillin. The percentage resistance of antibiotics showed that Penicillin and Ampicillin have maximum resistance (100%) and Nalidixic acid (20%) showed the minimum. The most frequent resistant pattern observed was P Nv As Va L T (Penicillin-Novobiocin- Ampicillin – Vancomycin- Lincomycin- Tetracycline) which was exhibited by Bacillus and Listeria. All the isolates have a Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index value higher than 0.2 confirms the high-risk source of contamination. Pseudomonas and Vibrio were identified as pathogenic strains. The study highlight the occurrence of metal and antibiotic resistant strains in wetlands because of the unregulated use of antibiotics in farming and agriculture which leads to the dominance of newly emerging resistant bacteria.<#LINE#>William J.M., Blanca B.M. and Hernandez E. 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(2018).@Antibiotic resistant bacteria in urban sewage: Role of full-scale wastewater treatment plants on environmental spreading.@Chemosphere, 191, 761-769.@Yes$Hong P.Y., Al-Jassim N., Ansari M.I. and Mackie R.I. (2013).@Environmental and Public Health Implications of Water Reuse: Antibiotics, Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes.@Antibiotics, 2(3), 367-399.@Yes$Zuccato E., Calamari D., Natangelo M. and Fanelli R. (2000).@Presence of therapeutic drugs in the environment.@Lancet, 355, 1789-1790.@Yes$Berkner S., Konradi S. and Schönfeld J. (2014).@Antibiotic resistance and the environment-there and back again. Science and Society series on Science and Drugs.@EMBO reports. Federal Environment Agency, Dessau, Germany. 19(6), 740@Yes$Chang H.H., Cohen T., Grad Y.H., Hanage W.P., O’Brien T.F. and Lipsitch M. (2015).@Origin and proliferation   of  multiple-drug resistance in bacterial pathogens.@Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 79, 101-116.@Yes$Bouma J.E. and Lenski R.E. (1988).@Evolution of a bacteria/plasmid association.@Nature, 335, 351-352.@Yes$Vincy M.V., Brilliant R. and Pradeepkumar A.P. (2017).@Prevalence of indicator and pathogenic bacteria in a tropical river of Western Ghats, India.@Applied Water Science, 7(2), 833-844. DOI:10.1007/s13201-015-0296-9.@Yes$Acra A., Raffoul Z. and Karahagopian Y. (1984).@Solar disinfection of drinking water and oral rehydration solutions.@Paris: UNICEF.@Yes$Acra A., Jurdi M., Muallem H., Darahagopian Y. and Raffoul Z. (1990).@Water disinfection by solar radiation: assessment and applications.@Ont., Canada: International Development Research Centre.@Yes$Reed R.H. (1997).@Sunshine and fresh air: a practical approach to combating waterborne disease.@Waterlines, 15(4), 295-296.@Yes$McGuigan K.G., Joyce T.M., Conroy R.M., Gillespie J.B. and Elmore-Meegan M. (1998).@Solar Disinfection of drinking water contained in plastic bottles: characterising the bacterial inactivation process.@Journal of Applied Microbiology, 84(6), 1138-1148.@Yes$Obiri-Danso K., Paul N. and Jones K. (2001).@The effects of UVB and temperature on the survival of natural populations and pure cultures of Campylobacter jejuni, Camp. coli, Camp. lari and urease positive thermophilic campylobacters (UPTC) in surface waters.@Journal of Applied Microbiology, 90(2), 256-267.@Yes$Abhirosh C. (2014).@Diversity and survival of diarrhegenic E.coli and enteric pathogens in Vembanad lake with special reference to Kumarakom area.@Ph.D. Thesis, Mahatma Gandhi University.@No$Swaminathan M.S. (2007).@Measures to mitigate agrarian distress in Alappuzha and Kuttanad wetland ecosystem.@Chennai, India: Swaminathan Research Foundation, Union Ministry of Agriculture.@Yes
<#LINE#>Threatened animals of Little Rann of Kachchh (LRK), Gujarat, India and their distribution in LRK in the recent time-frame<#LINE#>Joshi@Darpak S. ,Tatu@Ketan S. ,Joshi @Jigar D. ,Kamboj@R.D.  <#LINE#>46-51<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-026.pdf<#LINE#>Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India@Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India@Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India@Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>23/2/2018<#LINE#>11/5/2018<#LINE#>The Little Rann of Kachchh (LRK) is the only saline desert in India besides the Great Rann of Kachchh and it is spread over an area of 5,180 sq. km. A large portion (i.e. 3,569 sq. km) of it is legally protected as the Wild Ass Sanctuary (WAS). The LRK is inhabited by at least 210 species of birds, 33 species of mammals and 33 species of herps (reptiles and amphibians). Several species are globally Near Threatened (as per IUCN’s Red List of Threatened Species 2017-3) and some are threatened [as per Schedule-I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972 and IUCN Red List]. An ecological study was conducted by GEER Foundation from October 2015 to March 2017 and as a part of it, an attempt was made to have an inventory of Near Threatened and threatened species of birds, mammals and Herpetofauna inhabiting fringes, major bets (islands) and mudflat areas of the LRK. It was found that 12 species of (birds, mammals, herps) were Schedule I species; whereas 1, 3, and 9 species were globally Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN) and Vulnerable (VU) respectively. Moreover, 14 species were found to be Near Threatened (NT). The study indicated existence of a number of threatened (Schedule I, CR, EN and VU) and Near Threatened (NT) species in LRK. Therefore, it is recommended that stringent conservation measures should be implemented as the LRK is used for a wide range of socio-economic activities like salt manufacturing, agriculture, fisheries, charcoal making (from Prosopis juliflora) and livestock grazing.<#LINE#>Babbar V., Pathak B., Chopra P., Kaushik V., Tembe S. and Dave J. (1994).@Current Ecological Status of Kachchh.@Gujarat Ecology Commission, Vadodara, India.@Yes$Singh H.S., Patel B.H., Pravez R., Soni V.C., Shah N., Tatu K. and Patel D. (1999).@Ecological Study of Wild Ass Sanctuary in The Little Rann of Kachchh.@GEER Foundation, Gandhi nagar, India.@Yes$Merh S.S. and Malik J.J. (1996).@Kachchh Peninsula & Rann of Kachchh (A report of the DST Project of Neotectonic & Paleosesmic Studies on Kachchh).@Department of Geology. M. S. University, Vadodara. Pages-41.@No$GEER Foundation (2017).@Final Report – Conservation Mapping of Little Rann of Kachchh Landscape under BCRLIP.@Gandhinagar: GEER Foundation, 622.@No$Ali S. (1996).@The Book of Indian Birds.@Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press, Mumbai.@Yes$Menon V. and Daniel J.C. (2003).@A Field Guide to Indian Mammals.@Publisher-Dorling Kindersley, India.@Yes$Menon V. (2014).@Indian Mammals: A Field Guide.@Hachette Book Publishing India Pvt. Ltd.@Yes$Daniel J.C. (1983).@The Book of Indian reptiles.@Bombay Natural History Society. Bombay.@Yes$Parmar M.J., Chaudhary J.S. and Singh P. (2014).@Management Plan for Wild Ass Sanctuary.@Dharangadhra Wildlife Division, Gujarat Forest Department, Dhragadhra, India.@No$Urfi A.J., Sen M., Kalam A. and Meganathan T. (2005).@Counting birds in India: Methodologies and trends.@Current Science, 89, 12.@Yes$Sutherland W.J. (2006).@A Handbook of Ecological Census Techniques.@Second Edition. Published by Cambridge University Press. New York.@Yes$Anon. IUCN (2018).@Red List of Threatened Species.@http://www.iucnredlist.org/static/categories_criteria_3_1. Accessed on 23/02/2018.@No
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>A preliminary study on fungal air spora at railway station with special reference to summer season<#LINE#>Naruka@Kavita ,Heda@Sanjana  <#LINE#>52-55<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-016.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, J.N. Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India@Department of Zoology, J.N. Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India<#LINE#>8/2/2018<#LINE#>17/4/2018<#LINE#>Railway stations are associated with daily exposure of the human population. Fungal air spora concentrated in the outdoor atmosphere of railway stations affect public health by inducing allergic diseases and infections. Human population needs a safe and healthy environment to avoid the adverse health effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalent species of airborne fungi in the environment of the railway station, Jodhpur during the summer season. Airborne fungal concentration averaged between 8.33-35 CFU/m³. The predominant fungal genera isolated were Aspergillus, Alternaria, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium and Rhizopus.<#LINE#>Ekhaise F.O., Ighosewe O.U. and Ajakpovi O.D. (2008).@Hospital Indoor Airborne Microflora in Private and Government Owned Hospitals in Benin City, Nigeria.@World Journal of Medical Sciences, 3(1), 19-23.@Yes$Monso E.M. (2004).@Occupational Asthma in Greenhouse Workers.@Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med, 10, 147-150.@Yes$Kurup V.P., Shen H.D. and Vijay H. (2002).@Immunobiology of Fun¬gal Allergens. Int. Arch. Allergy.@Immunol., 129, 181-188.@Yes$Tilak S.T. (1982).@Aerobiology.@Vaijayanti Prakashan,@No$Salvaggio J.E. (1986).@Human Symptoms and Epidemiology of Fungi in the Working Paper Provided to the Health and Welfare.@Canada working group on fungi and indoor air. Environmental Health Directorate. Health and Welfare Canada, Ontario, K1A, OL2.@No$Obbard J.P. and Fang L.S. (2003).@Airborne Concentrations of Bacteria in a Hospital Environment in Singapore.@Water, Air & Soil Poll., 144(1-4), 333-341.@Yes$Frey D., Oldfield R.J. and Bridger R.C. (1979).@A Color Atlas of Pathogenic Fungi.@Wolfe Medical Publications Ltd. Holland. ISBN: 9780723407447.@Yes$Watnabe T. (2002).@Pictorial Atlas of Soil and Seed Fungi. Morphologies of cultured Fungi and Key to species.@2nd edition CRC Press London. ISBN: 9780849311185.@No$Dalal L., Bhowal M. and Kalbende S. (2011).@Incidence of Deteriorating Fungi in the Air inside the College Libraries of Wardha City.@Arch. Appl. Sci. Res., 3(5), 479-485.@Yes$Prasad H., Tiwari P. and Ekka M.K. (2016).@Study of Seasonal Variation of Aeromycoflora of Railway Station Janjgira Naila, Janjgira, CG, India.@Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 5(5), 67-76.@No$Sunita K., Gond D.K., Samuel C.O. and Abbasi P. (2011).@A Comparative Study of Aeromycospora in Different Localities of Gorakhpur, U.P.@Indian J. Sci. Res., 2(4), 51-55.@Yes$Pandian R. and Sivesakthvel T. (2013).@A Preliminary Study on the Airborne Mycoflora of Central Railway Station- Chennai.@J. Modern Biotech., 2(2), 23-26.@Yes$Ravikala K.L. and Nagalakshamma K.V. (2016).@Survey on Outdoor Airborne Fungal Spores of Tumkur city, Karnataka State, India.@Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci., 7(1), (B) 575-577.@No$Fernstrom A. and Goldblatt M. (2013).@Aerobiology and its Role in the Transmission of Infectious Diseases.@J. Pathogens, 6, 1-13.@Yes$Ingold C.T. (1971).@Fungal Spores: their Liberation and Dispersal.@Clarendon Press. Oxford, UK. ISBN: 9780198541158.@Yes$Naruka K. and Gaur J. (2014).@Distribution Pattern of Airborne Bacteria and Fungi at Market Area.@American Eurasian J. Sci. Res., 9(6), 186-192.@Yes$Patle K.D. and Jadhav S.K. (2014).@Incidence of Airborne Fungal Spores at Raipur with Special Reference to Railway Station.@Int. J. Sci. Res., 3(6), 1770-1776.@No$Nieminen S.M., Karki R., Auriola S., Toivola M., Laatsch H., Laatikainen R., Hyvarinen A. and Von Wright A. (2002).@Isolation and Identification of Aspergillus fumigatus Mycotoxins Growth Medium and Some Building Materials.@App Environ Microbiol., 68(10), 4871-4875.@Yes$Nielsen K.F. (2003).@Mycotoxin Production by Indoor Molds.@Fungal Genet. Biol., 39, 103-117.@Yes$Jaffal A.A., Banat I.M., El Mogheth A.A., Nsanze H., Benar A. and Ameen A.S. (1997).@Residential Indoor Airborne Microbial Populations in the United Arab Emirates.@Environ. Int., 23(4), 529-533.@Yes
<#LINE#>Carbon stock in the grassland of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Eastern Nepal<#LINE#>Shrestha@Sabitri  <#LINE#>56-60<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2018-017.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biology, Central Campus of Technology, Dharan, T.U., Nepal<#LINE#>7/2/2018<#LINE#>20/4/2018<#LINE#>Carbon stock of soil and biomass were evaluated in the grassland of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserves (KTWR), Eastern Nepal. This was with a view to provide information on grassland serving as carbon sink and to assess their contribution to carbon stock. For the study, three 50m x 50 m core areas or sampling areas were established. Soil samples were randomly collected from each sampling areas at a depth of 15 cm, then it was air-dried, oven dried at 100°C and then analyzed the carbon stock in the soil. The above ground and below ground biomasses were harvested by randomly placing ten 50cm x 50cm quadrates in each sampling areas. The harvested plants were oven dried at 70°C to a constant weight, weighed, and analyzed carbon stock in biomass. The soil carbon stocks was found to be 25.12, 20.96, 18.50  t/ha to a depth of 15cm on short grass area, medium grass area and tall grass area respectively. The carbon stock in biomass was found to be 6.58, 11.30, 16.44 t/ha on short grass area, medium grass area and tall grass area respectively. The soil of short grass area stored the highest soil organic carbon and on the other hand biomass of the tall grass area stored the maximum organic carbon. The results concluded short grass area that has been mostly grazed contained more carbon stock.<#LINE#>Lean G.D. and Markham A. (1990).@Atlas of the environment.@Prentice hall press,@Yes$Prentice K.C., Crames W., Harrison S.P., Leemans R., Monserud R.A. and Solomon A.M. (1992).@A global biome model based on plant physiology and dominance, soil properties and climate.@Journal of biogeography, 117-134.@Yes$LMP (1993).@Livestock Master Plan.@The livestock Sector, 111, Asian Development Bank.@No$MoPE (2004).@Nepal Initial National Communication to the Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.@July, 2004. Kathmandu, Nepal: Ministry of population and Environment.@No$Oli B.N. and Shrestha K. (2009).@Carbon Status in Forests of Nepal: An Overview.@Forest and Livelihood, 8(1), 62-66. https://www.forestaction.org (Accessed 07/01/2018)@Yes$Sah J.P. (1997).@Koshi Tappu Wetland, Nepal’s Ramsar Site.@IUCN, Bangkok, Thailand, 273.@Yes$GoN (2008).@National Climate Change Policy.@Draft policy prepared for discussion by Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, Government of Nepal.@No$Bhuju U.R., Shakya P.R., Basnet T.B. and Shrestha S. (2007).@Nepal Resource Book: Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites and World Heritage Sites.@ICIMOD, Minestry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the pacific. Kathmandu, Nepal.@Yes$WMI and IUCN in Coll. With DNPWC, ORNIS Consult (1994).@Biodiversity of KTWR and its adjacent areas: Applied database for integrated biodiversity conservation in Nepal.@@No$Karki J.B. (2008).@Koshi Tappu Ramsar Site: Updates on Ramsar Information Sheet on Wetlands.@The Initiation, 2(1), 10-16.@Yes$Siwakoti M. (2006).@An overview of floral diversity in terai region of Nepal.@Our nature., 4, 83-90.@Yes$Chettri D.T. and Pal J. (2010).@Diversity of Mammals in and around koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve.@Our Nature., 8, 254-257.@Yes$Chettri D.T. (2010).@Diversity of herpetofauna in and around Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve.@Bibechana, 6, 15-17.@Yes$GON M. and DNPWC K. (2009).@Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve and Buffer Zone Management Plan (2009-2013).@Government of Nepal, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Kathmandu.@Yes$BCN (2010).@Bird Check List of the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve; Bird Conservation Nepal : Kathmandu, Nepal.@@No$CSUWN (2009).@Baseline Survey Report, Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve; Conservation and Sustainable Use of Wetlands in Nepal, Babar Mahal.: Kathmandu, Nepal.@@No$Chettri N., Uddin K., Chaudary S. and Sharma E. (2013).@Linking Spatio – Temporal Land Cover Change to Conservation in the Koshi Tappu Wildlife  Reserve, Nepal.@Diversity, 5, 335-351.@Yes$Agarwal A., Babel M.S. and Maskey S. (2014).@Analysis of future precipitation in the Koshi river basin, Nepal.@Journal of hydrology, 513, 422-434.@Yes$Bharati L., Gurung P., Maharjan L. and Bhattarai U. (2016).@Past and future variability in the hydrological regime of the Koshi Basin, Nepal.@Hydrological Sciences journal, 61(1), 79-93.@Yes$ICIMOD and MoFSC (2014).@An integrated assessment of the effects of natural and human disturbances on a wetland ecosystem: A retrospective from the Koshi Tappu wildlife Reserve.@Nepal: ICIMOD and Ministry of forest and soil Conservation.@Yes$Uddin K., Murthy M.S.R., Wahid S.M. and Matin M.A. (2016).@Estimation of soil erosion dynamics in the Koshi basin using GIS and remote sensing to assess priority areas for conservation.@PloS one, 11(3), e0150494.@Yes$Neupane N., Murthy M.S.R., Rasul G., Wahid S., Shrestha A. and Uddin K. (2013).@Integrated Biophysical and Socioeconomic s Model for Adaption to Climate Change for Agriculture and Water in the Koshi Basin.@In Leal Filho, W. (Ed). Handbook of Climate Change Adaption, 1835-1859. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.@Yes$Lamsal P., Pant K.P., Kumar L. and Atreya K. (2014).@Diversity, Uses, and Threats in the Ghodaghodi Lake Complex, a Ramsar Site in Western Lowland Nepal.@ISRN Biodiversity, 1-12.@Yes$Sharma B., Rasul G. and Chettri N. (2015).@The Economic Value of Wetland Ecosystem Services: Evidence from Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal.@Ecosystem Services, 12, 84-93. https://www.academia.edu.com (Accessed 07/01/2018)@Yes$Walkley A. and Black I.A. (1934).@An examination of Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method.@Soil Science., 37, 29-38.@Yes$Whittaker R.H. (1975).@Communities and Ecosystems.@New York: Mac Millian Publishing.@No$Maharjan M. (2010).@Soil carbon and nutrient status of rangeland in Upper Mustang.@Institute of Forestry, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal. (M.Sc. Thesis).@Yes$Limbu D.K., Koirala M. and Shang Z. (2013).@Total carbon storage in Himalaya rangeland of Milke-Jaljale area, Eastern Nepal.@Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, A3, 775-781.@Yes$Ingram L., Stahl P., Schuman G., Buyer J., Vance G., Anjegunte G. and Derner J.D. (2008).@Grazing impacts on soil carbon and microbial communities in a mixed-grass ecosystem.@Soil Science Society of America journal, 72(4), 939-948.@Yes$Fissore C., Espelleta J., Nater E.A., Hobbie S.E. and Reich P.B. (2009).@Limited potential for terrestrial carbon sequestration to offset fossil-fuel emissions in the Midwestern U.S.@Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 8, 409-413.@Yes$Schuman G.E., Reeder J.D., Manley J.T., Hart R.H. and Manley W.A. (1999).@Impact of grazing management on the carbon and nitrogen balance of a mixed-grass rangeland.@Ecological Applications, 9, 65-71.@Yes$Rai N.R. (2013).@Activities of patterns of Wildlife Reserve, Nepal; A case study of Kusaha area.@M.Sc. Thesis, Tribhuvan University.@No