@Research Paper
<#LINE#>A short period assessment of water physicochemical characteristics of Hooghly river, West Bengal, India<#LINE#>Susanta @Nath,Rupa @Mukherjee,Samprita @Bose,Sangita @Ghosh <#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-162.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Zoology, Government G.D. College, Singur, Dist. Hooghly, West Bengal, India–712409@Bidhannagar College, EB -2, Sector-1, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 064, WB, India@Bidhannagar College, EB -2, Sector-1, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 064, WB, India@Bidhannagar College, EB -2, Sector-1, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 064, WB, India<#LINE#>5/11/2016<#LINE#>9/1/2017<#LINE#>A systematic study has been conducted to assess the water quality of Hooghly river at Shyamnagar, from September 2015 to March 2016. The site is densely populated as well as one of the important industrial belt of West Bengal. Water samples were collected fortnightly from four sampling stations and Dissolved oxygen (DO), free carbon dioxide (free CO2) and pH were determined. Study revealed a significant inverse relation between DO and free CO2.Moreover, water pH also found to alter with the level of free carbon dioxide. Overall assessment of alkalinity (263.485±15.69 ppm) and salinity (51.47±2.41 ppm) indicated the levels within acceptable limit. Whereas, turbidity (70.378±7.36 NTU) of Hooghly river water was above the acceptable limit and was probably due to silt and also industrial effluents, sewage, as well as partly and fully decomposed organic matters received during the long journey of Ganga and finally these materials are flown through Hooghly river and water in this region is more turbid than the upper stream. Study also revealed that river water of this area have moderate hardness as well as Ca and Mg level with in permissible limit.<#LINE#>Gholami Siamak and Srikantaswamy S. (2009).@Analysis of Agricultural Impact on the Cauvery River Water around KRS Dam.@World Appl. Sc. J., 6 (8), 1157-1169.@Yes$Khatoon N., Khan A.H. and Pathak M.R. (2013).@Correlation Study For the Assessment of Water Quality and Its Parameters of Ganga River, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.@IOSR J. Appl. Chem., 5(3), 80-90.@Yes$Joshi D.M., Kumar A and Agarwal N. (2009).@Studies on physicochemical parameters to assess the water quality of river Ganga for drinking purpose in Hridwar District.@Rasayan J.  Chem., 2(1), 195-203.@Yes$Duran M. and Suicmez M. (2007).@Utilization of both benthic macroinvertebrates and physicochemical parameters for evaluating water quality of the stream Cekerek (Tokat, Turkey).@J. Env. Biol., 28(2), 231-236.@Yes$Misra S.G. and Mani D. (1993).@Pollution through solid waste.@Ashing Publishing House, New Delhi, India.@Yes$Rajagopalan R. (2011).@Environmental Studies: From Crisis to Cure.@Oxford University Press, New Delhi.@Yes$Adeyeye EI. (1994).@Determination of heavy metals in Illisha africana, associated Water, Soil Sediments from some fish ponds.@Int. J. Environ. Stud., 45(3-4), 231-238.@Yes$Meitei N.S., Bhargava V. and Patil P.M. (2004).@Water quality of Purnariver in Purna town, Maharastra state.@J. Aqua. Biol., 19, 77-78.@Yes$Srivastava N., Agrawal M. and Tyagi A. (2003).@Study of physic-chemical characteristics of water bodies around Jaipur.@J. Environ.l Biol., 24(2), 177-180.@Yes$Ghosh R. and Nath S. (2012).@Physico-chemical and Biological Parameters of water of Semi Urban Ponds at Konnagar, West Bengal.@J. Ecobiol., 31(4), 149-160.@No$Chakraborty D. and Gupta T.K. (2003).@Rapid estimation of major wastewater discharges to river Hooghly between the stretches of Palta to Dhankhetikhal.@West Bengal Pollution Control Board, 1-19.@No$APHA (1998).@Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (20th Ed).@Persulfate Method. APHA, AWWA & WEF, Washington.@Yes$Parmar D.L. and Keshari A.K. (2012).@Sensitivity analysis of water quality for Delhi stretch of the river Yamuna, India.@Environ. Monit. Assess,.184(3), 1487-1508.@Yes$Sahu B.K., Rao R.J., Behara S.K. and Pandit R.K. (2000).@Effect of pollutions on the dissolved oxygen concentration of river Ganges at Kanpur.@Pollution and Biomonitoring of Indian Rivers (ed., R.K.Trivedy) A B D Publication, Jaipur, India, 168-170.@Yes$Ray P. (1998).@Ecological imbalance of the Ganga river system: its impact on aquaculture.@Daya Publishing House, Delhi.@Yes$Kreutzweiser D.P., Sutton T.M., Back R.C., Pangle K.L. and Thompson D.G. (2004).@Some ecological implication of a neem (azadirachtin) insecticide disturbance to zooplankton communities in forest pond enclosures.@Aquatic Toxicology, 67(3), 239-254.@Yes$William A.W. and Durborow R.M. (1992).@Interactions of pH, Carbon Dioxide, Alkalinity and Hardness in Fish Ponds.@SRAC Publication No. 464(1-3), 1-4.@Yes$Saksena D.N., Garg R.K. and Rao R.J. (2008).@Water quality and pollution status of Chambal river in National Chambal sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh.@Journal of Environ. Biol., 29(5), 701-710.@Yes$Ganapati S.V. (1943).@An ecological study of a garden pond containing abundant zoo-plankton.@Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 17(2), 41-58.@Yes$Shrivastava V.S. and Patil P.R. (2002).@Tapti river water pollution by industrial wastes: A statistical approach.@Nat. Environ. Pollut. Tech., 1(3), 279-283.@Yes$Das R., Karmakar P. and Nath S. (2014).@Studies on Physicochemical Parametersto Assess the Water Quality at selected sites of river Hooghly, a tributary of the Ganges, West Bengal, India.@Asian J. Water Environ. Pollut., 11 (2), 81-88.@Yes$Sisodia R. and Chaturbhuj M. (2006).@Assessment of the water quality index of Wetland Kalakho Lake, Rajasthan, India.@J. Environ. Hydrol., 14.@Yes$Jhingran V.G. (1991).@Fish and Fisheries of India. 3rded. Hindustan Publishing.@Corporation (India), New Delhi.@Yes$Singh B.N. and Rai S. (1999).@Physico-chemical studies of the Ganges river at Varanasi.@J. Environ. Pollut., 6(1), 43-46.@Yes$Govindan A. and Sundaresan B.B. (1979).@Seasonal succession of algal flora in polluted region of Adyar river.@Indian J. Environ. & Health. 21, 131-142.@Yes$Trivedi P., Bajpai A. and Thareja S. (2009).@Evaluation of Water Quality: Physico – Chemical Characteristics of Ganga River at Kanpur by using Correlation Study.@Nature and Science, 1(6), 91-94.@Yes$Sharma V., Bhadula S. and Joshi B.D. (2012).@Impact of Mass Bathing on water quality of Ganga River during Maha Kumbh-2010. Nature and Science, 10(6), 1-5.@undefined@Yes$Gray N.F. (2008).@Drinking Water Quality.@Cambridge University Press.@Yes$BIS IS 10500 (2012).@Indian Standard drinking water - specification (SecondRevision).@BIS New Delhi, India.@Yes$Meybeck M. and Helmer R. (1989).@The quality of rivers, from pristine stage to global pollution.@Global and Planetary Change, 1(4), 283-309.@Yes$Sinha R.K. and Das N.K. (1997).@Ecological imbalances in river The Ganges.@Recent Advance in Ecobiological Research, A.P.H. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 1, 75@Yes
<#LINE#>A comparative analysis on impact of rural tourism on environment in Arunachal Pradesh, India<#LINE#>Kiron @Lonchung <#LINE#>7-13<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-168.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Geography, Dera Natung Govt. College, Itanagar– 791113, Arunachal Pradesh, India <#LINE#>15/11/2016<#LINE#>23/1/2017<#LINE#>The state of Arunachal Pradesh, owing to its pristine environment, is visited by lot of tourists every year. The visit by tourists creates an impact on the socio-economic and environmental aspects of the tourist circuits. A survey on impact of rural tourism on environment was carried out in the two significant tourist circuits i.e. Tezpur – Bhalukpong – Bomdila - Tawang (TBBT) and Margherita – Miao – Namdapha - Vijaynagar (MMNV) of Arunachal Pradesh. The study was conducted during January 2016 to December 2016. The results obtained from the survey pertaining to various parameters are presented in this paper. The local residents were interviewed using questionnaires along with site visitation and photography. The study reveals that rural tourism in these two tourist circuit does not have any significant adverse effect on environment. The results also indicate that rural tourism doesn’t contribute in noise pollution, littering, congestion and serious water pollution in the adjoining rivers and lakes. Rural tourism in these areas does not result in production of large quantities of waste products or significant volumes of garbage. It is further observed that rural tourism promotes the preservation of natural environment and the wildlife in both the tourist circuits. However, while comparing between the above two tourist circuits; rural tourism in MMNV seems to have lesser impact on the environment than TBBT, which may be attributed to higher volume of tourists in the TBBT and better management of the environment in the MMNV tourist circuit.<#LINE#>Ali N., Srivastava S. and Anand E. (2015).@Potentialities of rural tourism development: A case study of the rural tourism potentiality of Hajo and Sualkuchi villages of Kamrup District, Assam, India.@International Journal of Research, 2(4), 560-565.@Yes$Gannon A. (1994).@Rural tourism as a factor in rural community Economic development for Economies in transition.@Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1(1-2), 51-60.@Yes$Mohanty P.P. (2014).@Rural Tourism in Odisha - A Panacea for Alternative Tourism: A Case Study of Odisha with special reference to Pipli Village in Puri.@American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences.@No$Rathore N. (2012).@Rural Tourism impact, Challenges and Opportunities.@ZENITH International Journal of Business Economics & Management Research, 2(2), 252-260.@Yes$Das D. (2012).@Tourism as a Long Run Economic Growth with Special Reference to North-Eastern region in India.@IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (JHSS), 2(2), 47-50.@Yes$Tariang W. (2013).@Boosting Rural Tourism in North-East India.@International Journal of Research in IT & Management, 3(9).@No$Tag H. and Das A.K. (2004).@Ethnobotanical notes on the Hill Miri tribe of Arunachal Pradesh.@Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 3(1), 80-85.@Yes$Brohman J. (1996).@New directions in tourism for third world development.@Annals of tourism research, 23(1), 48-70.@Yes$Wong P.P. (2004).@Environmental Impacts of Tourism.@A companion to tourism. Edited by Lew, Alan A., C. Michael Hall, and Allan M. Williams, John Wiley & Sons: 450-461.@Yes$Liu J.C., Sheldon Pauline J and Var T.  (1987).@Resident perception of the environmental impacts of tourism.@Annals of Tourism Research, 14(1), 17-37.@Yes$Shi Y., Yu Y. and Wang L. (2015).@Operational impact on the environment: Managing Service System with Environmental deterioration.@International journal of production economics, 170, 310-320.@Yes$Bahrami R. and Noori K. (2013).@Analysis of The Role Of Tourism And Its Impact On Rural Development (Case Study of the Central Part of Marivan).@Technical Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 3(12), 1074-1080.@Yes$Department of tourism (2010).@Tourism Development Plan Arunachal Pradesh, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh.@@No
<#LINE#>Assessment of particulate matter (PM) concentrations at a typical construction site in Bangalore, India<#LINE#>Arijit @Chowdhuri,Charu Khosla @Gupta <#LINE#>14-18<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-177.pdf<#LINE#>Sensing Material and Devices Laboratory, Acharya Narendra Dev College (University of Delhi) Kalkaji, New Delhi – 110 019, India@Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Laboratory, Acharya Narendra Dev College (University of Delhi) Kalkaji, New Delhi–110 019 India<#LINE#>8/12/2016<#LINE#>16/1/2017<#LINE#>Construction sites pose a major challenge to the environment due to presence of different types of particulate matter (PM). Concentration of particulate matter is a typical indicator for urban air quality. Although it has long been recognised that construction activities are a pertinent source of PM emissions, not much research has gone in this direction. The investigation envisages quantification of the PM emissions at a construction site for particulates having varying aerodynamic diameters–fine particles 2.5 &#956;m (PM2.5) and coarse particles10 &#956;m (PM10), based on an exploratory study. Investigation revealed the concentration of fine PM exceeds that of coarse PM and is 4-5 times more than the permissible limits prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), INDIA. Mitigation of impacts caused by particulate matter is also outlined briefly.<#LINE#>Bagie&#324;ski Z. (2015).@Traf&#64257;c air quality index.@Science of the total environment, 505, 606-614.@Yes$Han L., Zhou W. and Li W. (2016).@Fine particulate (PM2.5) dynamics during rapid urbanization in Beijing.@Scientific Reports, 6.@Yes$Leh O.H.L., Ahmed S., Aiyub K., Jaani Y.M. and Hwa T.K. (2012).@Urban Air Environmental Health Indicators for Kaula lumpur city.@Sains Malaysiana, 41(2), 179-191.@Yes$Kampa M. and Castanas E. (2008).@Human health effects of air pollution.@Environmental pollution, 151(2), 362-367.@Yes$Varshney V. (2015).@Gasping for breath In: Body Burden 2015- state of India’s health.@Centre for Science and Environment.@No$Schroeder W.H., Dobson M., Kane D.M. and Johnson N.D. (1987).@Toxic Trace Elements Associated with Airborne Particulate Matter: A Review.@Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association, 37(11), 1267-1285. DOI: 10.1080/08940630.1987.10466321@Yes$Fine P.M., Sioutas C. and Solomon P.A. (2008).@Secondary Particulate Matter in the United States: Insights from the Particulate Matter Supersites Program and Related Studies.@Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 58(2), 234-253. DOI: 10.3155/1047-3289.58.2.234@Yes$Araujo I.P.S., Costa D.B. and de Moraes R.J.B. (2014).@Identification and Characterization of Particulate Matter Concentrations at Construction jobsites.@Sustainability, 6(11), 7666-7688.@Yes$Prueitt R.L., Cohen J.M. and Goodman J.E. (2015).@Evaluation of atherosclerosis as a potential mode of action for cardiovascular effects of Particulate matter.@Regulatory toxicology and Pharmacology, 73(2), S1-S15.@Yes$Mabahwi N.A.B., Leh O.H.L. and Omar D. (2014).@Human Health and Wellbeing: Human health effect of air pollution.@Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, 153, 221-229.@Yes$World Health Organization (2006).@Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide.@Global update 2005: Summary of risk assessment@Yes$NEPM Pollutant (1998).@National Ambient Air Quality Standards.@Clean Air, 32(3), 11.@Yes$Davidson C., Phalen R. and Solomon P. (2005).@Airborne particulate matter and human health: A review.@Aerosol Science and Technology, 39(8), 737-749.@Yes$Kim K.H., Kabir E. and Kabir S. (2015).@A review on the human health impact of airborne particulate matter.@Environment International, 74, 136-143.@Yes$World Health Organization (2013).@Health effects of particulate matter: Policy implications for countries in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia.@WHO Regional Office for Europe.@Yes
<#LINE#>Seasonal variation in phytoplankton community and relationship with environmental factors of Lake Nokoué in Benin<#LINE#>Firmin M. @Adandedji,Luc O. @Sintondji,Ousmane Touré @Boukari,Daouda @Mama <#LINE#>19-29<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-179.pdf<#LINE#>Laboratory of Applied Hydrology, National Institute of Water, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP: 526 Cotonou Benin@Laboratory of Hydraulics and Water Control, National Institute of Water, University of Abomey-Calavi@Laboratory of Applied Hydrology, National Institute of Water, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP: 526 Cotonou Benin@Laboratory of Applied Hydrology, National Institute of Water, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP: 526 Cotonou Benin<#LINE#>16/12/2016<#LINE#>23/1/2017<#LINE#>Phytoplankton abundance, composition and environmental parameters are monitored in a tropical lake for one year period. Samples of water and phytoplankton in a freshwater of Lake Nokoué located in South of Benin (Lat: 6 °25’ N and Long: 2°36’ E) were collected every season between November 2015 and October 2016. Data were submitted to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and to the correlation to determine the grouping pattern of phytoplankton and their relationship to environmental factors. A total of 40 species of phytoplankton belonging to six classes (diatoms, Chlorophyta, Zygophyta, Euglenophyta, Cyanophyta and Xanthophyta) were identified. The diatoms with the specie Cyclotella Meneghiniana and melosiravarians having the highest dominance throughout the period of the study and the Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta with respectively 83.69% and 1.79% and 13.76% in dry season (November and February) against 80.77% for diatoms, 6.17% (Cyanophyta) and 12.75% (Euglenophyta) in rainy season (June and October). The Euglenophyta were significantly presents in dry season (November and February) and made up 13.76% with the species Euglena oxyuris and Euglena acus. The Cyanophyta were represented by the toxic species Microcystis Elachista and Anabaena affinis. The others groups (Chlorophyta and Xanthophyta) were also present but in low numbers. These results show that the seasons influence the distribution of the phytoplankton in the lake. The average chlorophyll a concentration for the seven sites area was 0.103µg/L. The maximum (0.309 µg/L) and the minimum (0.002 µg/L) values were both obtained in rainy season (October 2016). The results of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that TP, NH4+, NO3-, NO2-, DO and NTK were mainly the environmental factors that had the greatest influence on the distribution of the phytoplankton community throughout the entire year. It is strongly important that a water quality model is developed for sustainable management of Lake Nokoué.<#LINE#>Vinod Jena, Satish Dixit, Ravi Shrivastava and Sapana Gupta (2013).@Study of pond water quality by the assessment of physico-chemical parameters and water quality index.@International Journal of applied biology and pharmaceutical technology, 4(1), 47-52 .@Yes$Yun Ma, Guibai Li, Jing Li, Hao Zhou and Bing Jiang (2014).@Seasonal succession of phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental factors of North Temperate Zone water of the Zhalong Wetland. in China.@Ecotoxicology, 23(4), 618-625. doi:10.1007/s10646-014-1231-9.@Yes$Wager D.B. and Schumacher G.J. (1970).@Phytoplankton of the Susquehanna River near Binghamton. New York, Seasonal variations: effect of sewage effluents.@J .Phycol., 6(2), 110-117.@Yes$Large A.R.G., Wade P.M., Pautou G. and Amoros C. (1993).@Producteurs et productions primaires.@In Amoros C and Petts GE (Eds) : Hydrosystèmes fluviaux. Masson. 107-124.@Yes$Royle R.N. and King R.J. (1992).@The phytoplankton of Lake Liddell. New South Wales: chlorophyll a concentrations. Species seasonal succession and covariation with nutrients.@Hydrobiologia, 245(1), 41-52.@Yes$Khan T.A. (2003).@Limnology of four saline lakes in western Victoria. Australia.@Limnologica, 33(4), 327-339.@Yes$Figueredo C.C. and Giani A. (2001).@Seasonal variation in the diversity and species richness of phytoplankton in a tropical eutrophic reservoir.@Hydrobiologia, 445(1), 165-174.@Yes$Mama D. (2010).@Méthodologie et résultats du diagnostic de l@Thesis dissertation from the University of Lausanne, 157.@Yes$Dehotin U.A., Laleye P.A., Dauta A. and Moreau J. (2007).@Ecological factors and fish diversity of a West African lagoon: Lake Nokoué in Benin.@Journal of Afrotropical Zoology. Special Issue. 49-55@No$Bourrelly P. (1966).@Les algues d’eau douces, Algues Vertes.@Édition Boubéeet Cie. Paris. 511.@Yes$Bourrelly P. (1968).@The freshwater algae. Yellow and brown algae.@Edition Boubée and Cie. Paris. 438.@No$Bourrelly P. (1985).@The Blue algae or Cyanophyceae, 5th part. Edition Boubée Paris.@297, 303, 457-458, 606.@No$Compère P. (1974).@Algae from the Lake Chad region.@II Cyanophyceae. Cah. O.R.S.T.O.M., ser.  Hydrobiol., 8(3-4), 165-198.@Yes$Compère P. (1975).@Algaefrom the Lake Chadregion III-Rhodophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Dinophyceae,  Chrysophyceae, Xanthophyceae.@Cah.  O.R.S.T.O.M.,  ser. Hydrobiol., 9(3), 167-192.@Yes$Compère P. (1975).@Algae from the Lake Chad region. IV- Diatomophyceae.@Cah. O.R.S.T.O.M., ser. Hydrobiol., 9(4): 203-290.@Yes$Compère P. (1976).@Algae from the Lake Chad region. V-Chorophycophyta  1ere  partie.@Cah.  O.R.S.T.O.M., ser. Hydrobiol., 10(2), 77-118.@No$Compère P. (1976).@Algae from the Lake Chad region. VI- Chorophycophyta 2nd part: Ulotrichophyceae, Zygnemataceae.@Cah.  O.R.S.T.O.M., ser.  Hydrobiol., 10(3), 135-164.@No$Guiry M.D. and Guiry G.M. (2012).@AlgaeBase.@http://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus. Accessed on 06 June 2016.@Yes$Muylaert K., Sabbe K. and Vyverman W. (2000).@Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Phytoplankton Communities in a Freshwater Tidal Estuary (Schelde. Belgium).@Estuar. Coast and Shelf Science, 50(5), 673-687.@Yes$Abrantes N., Antunes S.C. Pereira M.J. and Goncalves F. (2006).@Seasonal succession of cladocerans and phytoplankton and their interactions in a shallow eutrophic lake (Lake Vela. Portugal).@Acta Oecol, 29(1), 54-64.@Yes$APHA (1965).@Standard Methods for the examination of water and wastewater.@20TH EDN, American Public Health Association, New-York, NY.@Yes$Smith V.H., Tilman G.D. and Nekola J.C. (1999).@Eutrophication: impacts of excess nutrient inputs of freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems.@Environ Pollut, 100(1), 179-196.@Yes$Lopes M.R.M., Bicudo C.E.M. and Ferragut M.C. (2005).@Short term spatial and temporal variation of phytoplankton in a shallow tropical oligotrophic reservoir, southeast Brazil.@Hydrobiologia, 542(1), 235-247.@Yes$Goussanou A. (2012).@Diversité du phytoplankton du lac Nokoué. Mémoire de Master.@Université d’Abomey-calavi. Benin, 56.@No$Pitchaikani Selvin J. and Lipton A.P. (2016).@Nutrients and phytoplankton dynamics in the fishing grounds off Tiruchendur coastal waters, Gulf of Mannar, India.@SpringerPlus, 5(1), 1405. DOI 10.1186/s40064-016-3058-8 .17p.@Yes$Adjahouinou D. Clément (2010).@Diversity of the Phytoplankton and degree of pollution of the waters of the Dantokpa collector (Cotonou-Benin).@@No$Thomas C.S. (2003).@Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa.@Europ. J. Protistol. 39(4), 338-348.@Yes$Zandagba Josué, Adandedji Firmin M., Mama Daouda, Chabi Amédée and Afouda Abel (2016).@Assessment of the Physico-Chemical Pollution of a Water Body in a Perspective of Integrated Water Resource Management: CaseStudy of Nokoué Lake.@Journal of Environmental Protection, 7(5), 656-669.@Yes$Rovira J.L. and Pardo P. (2006).@Nutrient pollution of waters: eutrophication trends in European marine and coastal environments.@Contrib Sci, 3(2), 181-186.@Yes$Ansari A.A. and Khan F.A. (2013).@Response of Eichhornia crassipes to eutrophic waters receiving nutrients from various sources.@Int J Environ Sci, 4(1), 39-45.@Yes$Romermann C., Tackenberg O., Jackel Kathrin Anne and Poschlod P. (2008).@Eutrophication and fragmentation are related to species’ rate of decline but not to species rarity: results from a functional approach.@Biodivers Conserv, 17(3), 591-604.@Yes$Murphy K.J., Dickinson G., Bini L.M., Dick K., Greaves K., Kennedy M.P., Livingstone S., McFerran H., Milne J.M., Oldroyd J., Wingfield R.A. and Thomaz S.M. (2003).@Aquatic plant communities and predictors of diversity in a subtrophical river &#64258;ood plain: the upper Rio Parana Brazil.@Aquat Bot, 77(4), 257-276.@Yes$Murphy K.J. (2002).@Plant communities and plant diversity in softwater lakes of northern Europe.@Aquat Bot, 73(4), 287-324.@Yes$Ansari Abid Ali, Rehman Hasibur, Ghanim Sulaiman Al, Abbas Zahid Khorshid, Subrata Trivedi and Saggu Shalini (2015).@Seasonal dynamics in the trophic status of water, &#64258;oral and faunal density along some selected coastal areas of the Red Sea, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.@IntAquat Res, 7(4), 337-348. doi10.1007/s40071-015-0118-6 .12p.@Yes$Habib O.A., Tippett R. and Murphy K.J. (1997).@Seasonal changes in phytoplankton community structure in relation to physico-chemical factors in Loch Lomond. Scotland.@Hydrobiologia, 350(1-3), 63-79.@Yes$Hodgkiss I.J. and Lu S.H. (2004).@The effects of nutrients and their ratios on phytoplankton abundance in Junk Bay, Hong Kong.@Hydrobiologia, 512, 215-229.@Yes$Arhonditsis G.B., Winder M., Brett M.T. and Schindler D.E. (2004).@Patterns and mechanisms of phytoplankton variability in Lake Washington (USA).@Water Res., 38(18), 4013-4027.@Yes$Crossetti L.O. and Bicudo CEM (2005).@Structural and functional phytoplankton responses to nutrient impoverishment in mesocosms placed in a shallow eutrophic reservoir (Garças Pond), São Paulo, Brazil.@Hydrobiologia, 541(1), 71-85.@Yes
<#LINE#>Ecological sanitation: relative efficiency of different composting materials and recovery of nutrients for eco-san toilets<#LINE#>J. @Balamurugan,S. @Dhanakumar,M. @Ravichandran <#LINE#>30-43<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-181.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Management, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli – 620 0234 Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Environmental Science, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore–641 014, Tamil Nadu, India@Department of Environmental Management, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli – 620 0234 Tamil Nadu, India<#LINE#>27/12/2016<#LINE#>23/1/2017<#LINE#>Human waste disposal practices are fivefold: open air defecation, dry latrines, eco-san toilet, pit latrines and septic tank toilet. Of which ecological sanitation is an advanced and sustainable method of managing human excreta, by means of recovering nutrients in both urine and faeces. Ecological sanitation envisages a scientific mechanism for a value addition to human excreta by attaching economic value to it. Predominately wood ash was used as composting material, however locally available various different composting materials also have the potential to compost human waste. There are differences among the materials in time taken to composting and nutrient recovery efficiency. Materials engaged for composting included wood ash, dry earth soil, saw husk and rice husk for the experiments conducted in the study. The experimental procedure was to spread the above composting material on faecal matter and provide anaerobic condition for six to ten months for composting. The present paper deals with the material which performs better than the others in nutrient recovery and reducing the time period of composting. In this regard the use of dry earth soil was found more efficient in producing standard physiochemical and biological parameters of the organic manure.  From the results it has been confirmed that the E.coli gradually decreased to nil in just span of six months. Interestingly, the nutrient values of the total nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium (NPK) showed a lower level in the beginning state of composting but eventually at the final stage of composting after one year it had increased when using the wood ash, saw husk and rice husk. Presence of  heavy metals were tested after the 10th month for all the above composting materials and the result for Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd were observed to be within the permissible limit of Indian compost standard and Cd, As, and Hg was recorded Below Detectable Limit (BDL).<#LINE#>Pruss-Ustun A., Bartram J., Clasen T., Colford J.M., Cumming O., Curtis V., Bonjour S., Dangour A.D., De France J., Fewtrell L., Freeman M.C., Gordon B., Hunter P.R., Johnston R.B., Mathers C., Mausezahl D., Medlicott K., Neira M., Stocks M., Wolf J. and Cairncross S. (2014).@Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low-and middle-income settings: a retrospective analysis of data from 145 countries.@Tropical Medicine and International Health, 19(8), 894-905. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4255749/pdf/tmi0019-0894.pdf Achieved the original article accessed from at February 2016.@Yes$World Health Organization (2013).@Global Health Observatory Data Repository.@Geneva: WHO, Mortality and global health estimates: Child Mortality:Causes of Child Death: Number of Deaths by Cause: By Region: WORLD: Diarrhoeal diseases.@Yes$Watkins Kevin (2006).@Human Development Report, 2006-Beyond scarcity: power, poverty and the Global water crisis.@UNDP Human Development Reports.  http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/corporate/HDR/2006%20Global%20 HDR/HDR-2006-Beyond%20scarcity-Power-poverty-and-the-global-water-crisis.pdf Achieved the original article accessed from at February 2016.@Yes$Drangert J. 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(2004).@Ecological sanitation-revised and enlarge edition.@Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden.@Yes$Esrey S., Potash J.B., Roberts L. and Shiff C. (1991).@Effects of improved water supply and sanitation on ascariasis, diarrhoea, dracunculiasis, hookworm infection, schistosomiasis, and trachoma.@Bulletin of World Health Organization, 69(5), 609-621.@Yes$Feachem R. and Koblinsky M. (1984).@Interventions for the control of diarrhoeal diseases among young children: promotion of breast-feeding.@Bulletin of World Health Organization, 62(2), 271-291.@Yes$Boot M. and Cairncross S. (1993).@Action speak: The study of hygiene behaviour in water and sanitation projects.@The Hague: International Research centre, International Water and Sanitation Centre and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 139.@Yes$Ejemot R.I., Ehiri J.E., Meremikwu M.M. and Critchley J.A. (2008).@Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea.@Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD004265. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004265.pub2@Yes$World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations International Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation, (2013)@Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water.@Achieved the original article retrieved from (http://www.unicef.org/ media/files/JMPreport2012.pdf) accessed during January, 2015.@Yes$World Health Organization (WHO)/ United Nations International Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Joint Monitoring Programme (2014).@Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation, 2014 Update.@Achieved the original article retrieved from (http://www.wssinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/resources/JMP_report_2014_webEng.pdf) accessed during January, 2015.@Yes$Stenström T.A. (2004).@Guidelines on the Safe Use of Urine and Faeces in Ecological Sanitation systems.@Report 2004-1. Ecosanres, SEI, Sweden.@Yes$World Health Organization (2006).@Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater.@1.@Yes$Lentner C. and Wink A. (1981).@Units of Measurement, Body Fluids, Composition of the Body, Nutrition.@Geigy Scientific Tables. CIBA-GEIGY Ltd, Basle, Switzerland, 1. ISBN 0-914168-50-9.@Yes$Feachem R.G., Bradley D.J., Garelick H. and Mara D.D. (1983).@Sanitation and Disease. Health aspects of excreta and wastewater management.@World Bank studies in water supply and sanitation. John Wiley and Sons. New York, 3.@Yes$Jönsson H., Baky A., Jeppsoon U., Hellström D. and  Kärrman E. (2005).@Composition of urine, faeces, greywater and biowaste for utilization in the URWARE model.@Urban water Report of the MISTRA Programme, Report 6, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.@Yes$Vinnerås B., Palmquist H., Balmér P. and Jönsson H. (2006).@The characteristics of household wastewater and biodegradable waste - a proposal for new Swedish norms.@Urban Water 3(1), 3-11.@Yes$Gao X. Z., Shen T., Zheng Y., Sun X., Huang S., Ren Q., Zhang X., Tian Y. and Luan G. (2002).@Practical manure handbook.@(In Chinese). Chinese Agricultural Publishing House. Beijing, China. In: WHO. 2006. Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater. Volume 4. Excreta and greywater use in agriculture. ISBN 92 4 154685 9.@Yes$Pieper W. (1987).@Das Scheiss-Buch – Entstehung, Nutzung, Entsorgung menschlicher Fäkalien (The shit book – production, use, Entsorgung human faeces; in German).@Der Grüne Zweig, 123, Werner Pieper and Grüne Kraft. Germany. In: Jönsson, H., Stintzing, R., Vinnerås, B., Salomon, E. 2004. Guidelines on use of urine and faeces in crop production. Report 2004-2, Ecosanres, Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.@Yes$Schouw N.L., Danteravanich S., Mosbaek H. and Tjell J.C. (2002).@Composition of human excreta – a case study from Southern Thailand.@Science of the Total Environment Journal 286(1-3), 155-166.@Yes$Rossi L., Lienert J. and Larsen T.A. (2009).@Real-life efficiency of urine source separation.@Journal of environmental management, 90(5), 1909-1917.@Yes$Austin L.M. (Aussie) and Vuuren Van S.J. (Fanie) (2001).@Sanitation, public health and the environment: Looking beyond current technologies.@Journal of the South African Institution Civil Engineering, 43(1), 29-33.@Yes$Sundberg C. and Jonsson H. (2008).@Higher pH and faster decomposition in biowaste composting by increased aeration.@Waste Management, 28(3), 518-526.@Yes$American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Federation and Water Environment Federation (1915).@Standard methods for the Examination of water and waste water.@(20th edition). American Public Health Association, Washington, 2.@Yes$Barrington S., Choiniere D., Trigui M. and Knight W. (2002).@Effect of carbon source on compost nitrogen and carbon losses.@Bioresource Technology, 83(3), 189-194.@Yes$US EPA (2008).@Municipal solid waste in the United States: 2007 Facts and Figures.@EPA 530-R- 08-010, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington DC.@No$Chen S.B., Zhu Y.G. and Ma Y.B. (2006).@The effect of grain size of rock phosphate amendment on metal immobilization in contaminated soils.@Journal of Hazardous Materials, 134(1), 74-79.@Yes$Buchanan R.E. (1974).@Bergey@Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 589.9 B47.@Yes$Tare V. and Yadav K.D. (2009).@Fate of Physico-Chemical Parameters During Decomposition of Human Feces.@Global Journal of Environmental Research, 3(1), 18-21.@Yes$Haug R.T (1993).@The Practical Handbook of Compost Engineering.@Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Washington DC. ISBN 0-87371-373-7.@Yes$Short J.C.P., Frederickson J. and Morris R.M. (1999).@Evaluation of traditional windrow composting and vermicomposting for the stabilization of waste paper sludge (WPS).@Pedobiologia, 43(6), 735-743.@Yes$Komilis D.P. and Ham R.K. (2006).@Carbon dioxide and ammonia emissions during composting of mixed paper, yard and food waste.@Waste Management, 26(1), 62-70.@Yes$Yadav K.D., Tare V. and Ahammed M.M. (2010).@Vermicomposting of source-separated human faeces for nutrient recycling.@Waste Manage., 30(1), 50-56.@Yes$Ogwang  F., Tenywa  J.S., Otabbong E., Tumuhairwe J.B. and  Amoding-Katusabe A. (2012).@Faecal Blending for Nutrient Enrichment and Speedy Sanitation for Soil Fertility Improvement.@International Scholarly Research Network, , Article ID 424171, 1-7.@Yes$Hotta S. and Funamizu N. 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(2011).@Global potential of phosphorus recovery from human urine and feces.@Chemosphere, 84(6), 832-839.@Yes$Liu Y., Villalba G., Ayres R.U. and Schroder H. (2008).@Global phosphorus flows and environmental impacts from a consumptive perspective.@J Ind Ecol., 12(2), 229-247.@Yes$Berger E.Y. (1960).@Intestinal absorption and excretion.@Mineral Metabolism, 1(part A), 263. In: Comar C. L. Bronner F. (eds).,. Academic Press, New York.@Yes$Guyton AC. (1992).@Human physiology and mechanisms of disease.@W. B. Saunders Co, Philadelphia, USA.@Yes$Esrey S., Gough J., Rapaport D., Sawyer R., Simpson-Hebert M., Vargas J. and Windlad U. (1998).@Ecological sanitation.@Stockholm, Sweden: Sida.@Yes$Kirkby E.A. and Romheld V. (2004).@Micronutrients in plant physiology: Functions, uptake and mobility.@In: Proceedings of International Fertiliser Society 543, 1-52.@Yes$Humphries D.L., Stephenson L.S., Pearce E.J., The P.H., Dan H.T. and  Khanh L.T. (1997).@The use of human faeces for fertilizer is associated with increased intensity of hookworm infection in Vietnamese women.@Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg., 91(5), 518-520.@Yes$Jonsson H., Stintzing A.R., Vinnerås B. and Salomon S. (2004).@Guidelines on the Use of Urine and Faeces in Crop Production.@Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden, 7.@Yes$Palmquist H. and Jonsson H. (2004).@Urine, faeces, greywater, greywater and biodegradable solid waste as potential fertilizers.@In: Ecosan – closing the loop. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Ecological Sanitation, Incorporating the 1st IWA Specialist Group Conference on Sustainable Sanitation, 7th-11th April, Lübeck, Germany, 587-594@Yes$Sossou S.K., Ito R., Jibia A., Sou M. and Maiga A.H. (2011).@Survival of indicator bacteria and helminths eggs in composting toilet using sawdust as matrix.@95-102.@Yes$Hurtado D. (2005).@Compost Latrines in Rural Panama: Design, Construction, and Evaluation of Pathogen Removal.@M.S. Thesis, Environmental Engineering Division, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan@Yes$Williams B. and Warren J. (2004).@Effects of spatial distribution on the decomposition of sheep faeces in different vegetation types.@Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment, 103(1), 237-243.@Yes
<#LINE#>Investigation on the removal of Mn(II) ions from synthetic wastewater by using a novel biocarbon<#LINE#>S.M. Sameena @Banu,Malairajan @Singanan <#LINE#>44-54<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-182.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Justice Basheer Ahmed Sayeed College for Women (Autonomous), Chennai – 600 018, Tamil Nadu, India@PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai – 600 005, Tamil Nadu, India<#LINE#>30/12/2016<#LINE#>4/2/2017<#LINE#>The pollution of heavy metals has extended worldwide deliberation due to their toxicity, non-degradability and accumulation in the living organisms. Therefore, treatment of wastewater contaminated by heavy metals is an important environmental concern. Manganese is the second most abundant metal in nature. In a lower concentration, Mn (II) ions and Mn (VII) ions have many valuable functions in biological systems of humans and plants. However, they become toxic at higher concentration. According to WHO, 0.05 mg/L is the maximum concentration dose of manganese admissible in drinking water. Thus, the removal of Manganese from water is imperative. In the present research work, removal of manganese (II) ions from synthetic wastewater by biocarbon generated from Acalypha indicaplant leaveswas investigated by batch adsorption technique. The biocarbon was characterized using FTIR, XRD and SEM analysis. The results suggest that, the adsorption process was relatively fast and equilibrium was established at time of 150 min. The optimum pH for manganese adsorption was 5.0 at the biocarbon dose rate of 2.5g/100mL for the maximum removal of 92.8%. The SEM micrograph shows particle grains and leaves like surfaces and FTIR analysis results shows different functional group in the biocarbon matrix such as O–H, C=O, and C=C stretching which might be responsible for the metal uptake in biosorption process.<#LINE#>Ahluwalia S.S. and Goyal D. (2007).@Microbial and plant derived biomassfor removal of heavy metals from wastewater,@Bioresour.Technol., 98, 2243–2257.@Yes$Dawodu F.A. and Akpomie K.G. (2014).@Simultaneous adsorption of Ni(II) and Mn(II) ions from aqueous solution unto a Nigerian kaolinite clay,@J. Mat. Res. Technol., 3(2), 129-141.@Yes$Singh R., Gautam N., Mishra A. and Gupta R. (2011).@Heavy metals and living systems: An overview,@Indian J. Pharmacol., 43, 246-253.@Yes$Zazouli M.A., Yousefi Z., Taghavi M., Akbariadergani B. and Cherati J.Y. (2013).@Cadmium removal from aqueous solutions using L-Cysteine functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes,@J.Maz. Uni.Med. Sci, 23(98), 37-47.@No$Omri A. and Benzina M. (2012).@Removal of manganese (II) ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption on activated carbon derived a new precursor: Ziziphus spina-christi seeds,@Alexandria Eng. J., 51, 343-350.@Yes$Taffarel S.R. and Rubio J. (2009).@On the removal of Mn (II) ions by adsorption onto natural and activated Chilean zeolites,@Miner. Eng., 22, 336-343.@Yes$Gupta S.K., Rathore N.S., Sonawane J.V., Pabby A.K., Janardan P., Changrani R.D. and Dey P.K. (2007).@Dispersion-free solvent extraction of U(VI) in macro amount from nitric acid solutions using hollow fiber contactor,@J. Mem. Sci., 300, 131 – 136.@Yes$El Samrani A.G., Lartige B.S. and Villieras F. (2008).@Chemical coagulationof combined sewer over flow: heavy metal removal and treatment optimization,@Water. Res., 42, 951 – 960.@Yes$Bessbousse H., Rhlalou T., Verchère J.F. and Lebrun L. (2008).@Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions by filtration with a novel complexing membrane containing poly (ethyleneimine) in a poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix,@J. Mem. Sci., 307, 249 – 259.@Yes$Nasef M.M. and Yahaya A.H. (2009).@Adsorption of some heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions on Nafion 117 membrane,@Desalination, 249, 677 – 681.@Yes$Liang S., Guo X., Feng N. and Tian Q. (2010).@Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamic studies of adsorption of Cu2+ from aqueous solution by Mg2+/K+ orange peel adsorbents.@J. Hazard. Mat., 174,756 – 762.@Yes$Balkaya N. and Cesur H. (2008).@Adsorption of cadmium from aqueous solution by Phosphogypsum,@Chem. Eng. J., 140(1), 247-254.@Yes$Sanchooli Moghaddam M., Rahdar S. and Taghavi M. (2016).@Cadmium removal from aqueous solutions using Saxaul tree ash,@Iranian J. Chem. Chem. Eng., 35(3), 45-52.@Yes$Chakravarty P., Sarma N.S. and Sarma H. (2010).@Biosorption of Cadmium (II) from aqueous solution using Heartwood powder of Areca Catechu,@Chem. Eng. J., 162(3), 949-955 (2010).@Yes$Rajamohan N., Rajasimman M., Rajeshkannan R. and Saravanan V. (2014).@Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies on the removal of Aluminum by modified Eucalyptus camaldulensis barks,@Alexandria Eng. J., 53, 409-415.@Yes$Tang Y, Chen L., Wei L., Yao Q. and Li T. (2013).@Removal of lead ions from aqueous solution by the dried aquatic plant, Lemna perpusilla Torr,@J. Hazard. Mat., 244, 603-612.@Yes$Juan Carlos M., Rigoberto G. and Liliana G. (2010).@Removal of Mn, Fe, Ni and Cu ions from wastewater using cow bone charcoal,@Materials, 3, 452-466.@Yes$El-Sayed1 G.O., Dessouki H.A. and Ibrahiem S.S. (2011).@Removal of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) from aqueous solutions by adsorption on Maize stalks,@Malaysian J. Anal Sci., 15(1), 8-21.@Yes$Adebayo G.B., Adegoke H.I., Jamiu W., Balogun B.B. and Jimoh A.A.  (2015).@Adsorption of Mn(II) and Co(II) ions from aqueous solution using Maize cob activated carbon: Kinetics and thermodynamics studies,@J. App. Sci. Env. Manage, 19(4), 737-748.@Yes$Zendelska A., Golomeova M., Blažev K., Boev B., Krstev B., Golomeov B. and  Krstev A. (2015).@Kinetic studies of manganese removal from aqueous solution by adsorption on natural zeolite,@Macedonian J. Chem. Chem. Eng., 34 (1), 213-220.@Yes$Singanan M. (2015)@Biosorption of Hg(II) ions from synthetic wastewater using a novel biocarbon technology,@Env. Eng. Res., 20 (1), 33 – 39.@Yes$Chayande P.K., SinghS.P. and YenkieM.K.N. (2013).@Characterization of activated carbon prepared fromalmond shells for scavenging phenolic pollutants,@Chem. Sci. Transac., 2(3), 835 – 840.@Yes$Kobya M., Demirabis E., Senturk E. and Ince M. (2005).@Adsorption ofheavy metal ions from aqueous solution by activated carbon prepared from apricot stone,@Bioresour. Technol., 96, 1518 – 1521.@Yes$Vinod V.T.P., Sashidhar R.B. and Sukumar A.A. (2010).@Competitive adsorption of toxic heavy metal contaminants by gum kondagodu: A natural hydrocolloid,@Colloid. Surf. B., 75, 490 –495.@Yes$Vaghetti J.C.P., Lima E.C., Royer B., da Cunha B.M., Cardoso N.F., Brasil J.L. and Dias S.L.P. (2009).@Pecan nutshell as biosorbent to remove Cu(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions,@J. Hazard. Mat., 162, 270–280.@Yes$Montes-Moran M.A., Suarez D., Menendez J.A. and Fuente E.(2004).@On the nature of basic sites on carbon surfaces: An overview,@Carbon, 42, 1219-1225.@Yes$Das B. and Mondal N.K. (2011).@Calcareous soil as a new adsorbent toremove lead from aqueous solution: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic study,@Univ. J. Environ. Res. Technol.,1, 515 – 530.@Yes$Taffarel S.R. and Rubio J. (2009).@On the removal of Mn(II) ions by adsorption onto natural and activated Chilean zeolites,@Miner. Eng., 22, 336 – 343.@Yes$Anagho Gabche S., Tchuifon Tchuifon D.R., Nche Ndifor-Angwafor G., Ndi Nsami J., Ketcha Mbadcam J. and Nchare M. (2013).@Nickel Adsorption from aqueous solution onto kaolinite and metakaolinite: Kinetic and equilibrium studies,@Int. J. Chem.,4, 1 – 235.@Yes$Babarinde N.A.A., Babalola J.O., Adegoke J., Osundeko A.O., Ibidapo T., Nwabugwu C.A. and Ogundimu O.F. (2012).@Kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamics studies of the biosorption of Ni(II), Cr(III) and Co(II) from aqueous solutions using Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) leaf,@Pacific J. Sci. Tech., 13(2), 272 – 282.@Yes$Guler U.A. and Sarioglu M. (2013).@Single and binary biosorption of Cu(II), Ni(II) and methylene blue by raw and pretreated Spirogyria sp: Equilibrium and kinetic modelling,@J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 1, 369 – 377.@Yes$Gupta R. and Mohapatra H. (2003).@Microbial biomass: an economical alternative for removal of heavy metals from waste water,@Indian J. Exp. Biol., 41, 945 – 966.@Yes$Masomi M., Ghoreyshi A.A., Najafpour G.D. and Mohamed A.R. (2014).@Adsorption of phenolic compounds onto the activated carbon synthesized from pulp and paper mill sludge: Equilibrium isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics and mechanism studies,@Int. J. Eng., 27(10), 1485 – 1494.@Yes
<#LINE#>A comparative mathematical analysis of methane emission in India and USA<#LINE#>Sumit @Nandi,Pijush @Basak <#LINE#>55-58<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2017-001.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Basic Science and Humanities (Chemistry), Narula Institute of Technology, Agarpara, Kolkata-700109, West Bengal, India@Department of Basic Science and Humanities (Mathematics), Narula Institute of Technology, Agarpara, Kolkata-700109, West Bengal, India<#LINE#>4/1/2017<#LINE#>12/2/2017<#LINE#>Global anthropogenic methane mission causes an alarming environmental situation for the last few decades. Methane is one of the important green gases which is reported its stronger global warming potential than carbon dioxide. Among the greenhouse gases, methane is supposed to be the second most damaging greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide produced mainly by anthropogenic activities. The main sources of methane emission include mainly industry, agriculture and waste product. The paper makes an attempt for a comparative analysis of methane emission in two countries such as India and United States of America (USA) using historical data of about 100 years by non-linear least square regression analysis method. The validation of emission mode of methane is incorporated upon examination of Coefficient of determination and residual analysis. The paper also utilizes the instantaneous rate of change (IROC) of the gas emission trend of the model for long term prediction of the two countries.<#LINE#>Forster Piers, Ramaswamy Venkatachalam, Artaxo Paulo, Berntsen Terje, Betts Richard, Fahey David W, Haywood James, Lean Judith, Lowe David C, Myhre Gunnar, Nganga John, Prinn Ronald, Raga Graciela, Schulz Michael and Dorland Robert Van (2007).@Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing.@Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment. Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds Solomon S, Qin D, Manning).@Yes$Myhre G., Shindell D., Bréon F.M., Collins W., Fuglestvedt J., Huang J., Koch D.J.F., Lamarque D., Lee B.M., Nakajima T., Robock A., Stephens G., Takemura T. and Zhang H. (2013).@Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing.@Climate change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 731–738.@Yes$Chen Y.H. and Prinn R.G. (2006).@Estimation of atmospheric methane emissions between 1996 and 2001 using a three-dimensional global chemical transport model.@J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111(D10), doi:10310.11029/12005JD006058.@Yes$Spahni R., Wania R., Neef L., van Weele M., Pison I., Bousquet P., Frankenberg C., Foster P. N., Joos F., Prentice I.C. and van Velthoven P. (2011).@Constraining global methane emissions and uptake by ecosystems.@Biogeosciences, 8(6), 1643-1665.@Yes$Howarth R.W. (2014).@A bridge to nowhere: methane emissions and the greenhouse gas footprint of natural gas.@Energy Science & Engineering, Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2(2), 47-60.@Yes$Bridgham S.D., Quiroz H.C., Keller J.K. and Zhuang Q. (2013).@Methane emissions from wetlands: biogeochemical, microbial, and modeling perspectives from local to global scales.@Global Change Biology, 19(5), 1325-1346, doi: 10.1111/gcb.12131.@Yes$Garg A., Kandal B. and Shukla P.R. (2011).@Methane emission in India: Sub-regional and sectoral trends.@Atmospheric Environment, 45(28), 4922-4929.@Yes$Zhang B. and Chan G.Q. (2010).@Methane emission by Chinese economy: Inventory and embodiment analysis.@Energy Policy, 38(8), 4304-4316.@Yes$Tokos C.P. and Xu Y. (2009).@Modeling carbon dioxide emissions with a system of different equation.@Non-linear analysis: Theory, methods and application, 71(12), e1182-e1197.@Yes$Jin R., Tian L., Qian J. and Liu Y. (2010).@The dynamic evolutionary analysis on carbon emissions in Yangtze Delta.@International Journal Nonlinear Science, 10(3), 259-263.@Yes$Nandi S. and Basak P. (2014).@Emission of carbon dioxide from different attributes in India: A mathematical study.@IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC), 1, 6-10.@Yes$Zhu Q., Liu J., Peng C., Chen H., Fang X., Jiang H., Yang G., Zhu D., Wang W., and Zhou X. (2014).@Modelling methane emissions from natural wetlands by development and application of the TRIPLEX-GHG model.@Geosci. Model Dev., 7(3), 981-999.@Yes$Jagadeesh Babu Y., Li C., Frolking S., Nayak D.R., Datta A. and Adhya T.K. (2005).@Modelling of methane emissions from rice-based production systems in India with the denitrification and decomposition model: Field validation and sensitivity analysis.@Current Science, 89 (11), 904-912.@Yes$Meng L., Hess P.G.M., Mahowald N.M., Yavitt J.B., Riley W.J., Subin Z.M., Lawrence D.M., Swenson S.C., Jauhiainen J. and Fuka D.R. 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@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Study of Tail Gas Treatment in Dariba Lead Smelter<#LINE#>Rekha @Tripathi <#LINE#>59-61<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2017-014.pdf<#LINE#>Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, C-4, Janakpuri, New Delhi, India<#LINE#>27/1/2017<#LINE#>20/2/2017<#LINE#>The off gas treatment plant treats the off-gas from the blast furnace, fuming furnace, dross reverberatory, and primary furnace. The total handling capacity is 126168.07m3/h, SO2 density: 0.054%.The off-gas volume of blast furnace is 54920m3/h and fuming furnace is 39735m3/h while the dross reveberatory furnace is 7168 m3/h. The off-gas produced from primary furnace for acid-making is 24345.07m3/h. Zinc oxide scrubbing technology is adopted to treat the off gas. The discharged ZnSO4 solution is 1.5m3/h and the content of ZnSO4 is 112.5g/l.  The removed SO2 is 57.41m3/h and the efficiency is 85%.The SO2 in the discharged air is &#8804;100ppm and this is in accordance with the Indian national emission standards.<#LINE#>Primary Metals: Lead Processing (2011).@Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, Prairie Research Institute.@Accessed on August 31, 2011.@No$Roberts H. (2003).@Changing Patterns in Global Lead Supply and Demand.@Journal of Power Sources, 116(1-2), 23-31.@Yes$Rodriguez A., Jirsak T. and Dvorak J. (1999).@Chemistry of thiophene on ZnO, S/ZnO, and Cs/ZnO surfaces: Effects of cesium on desulfurization processes.@J. Phys. Chem. B, 103(26), 5550-5559.@Yes$Rodriguez J.A., Jirsak T., Chaturvedi S. and Kuhn M. (1999).@Reaction of SO 2 with ZnO (0001&#772;)–O and ZnO powders: photoemission and XANES studies on the formation of SO 3 and SO 4@, Surf. Sci. 442(3), 400-412.@Yes$Richards J.R. (1995).@Control of Particulate Emissions (APTI Course 413).@U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.@Yes$Richards J.R. (1995).@Control of Gaseous Emissions. (APTI Course 413).@U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.@Yes
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in middle stretch of river Ganga:  an introspection<#LINE#>Varsha @Gupta,D.S. @Malik,K. @Dinesh <#LINE#>62-71<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-171.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, UP, India@Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, UK, India@Department of Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, UP, India and Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, UK, India<#LINE#>22/11/2016<#LINE#>22/1/2017<#LINE#>The present review focuses on water quality of the river Ganga with respect to heavy metals and their toxicity effects on fish and human health. Some heavy metals like copper, cadmium, lead and chromium are the main pollutants of river Ganga which affect aquatic life and human health. The pollution status of river Ganga in the middle stretch was described in terms of heavy metal concentration and physical appearance of river water due to presence of organic and inorganic pollutants. The reported value of metal concentration in the river Ganga and its major tributaries such as Ramganga, Kali, Yamuna and Gomati are as: Cr (Ganga,0.00-366.91µg/L >Yamuna,3.245-290 µg/L >Kali, 3.00-200 µg/L > Ramganga,0.00-108.7 µg/L > Gomati,1.5-68.8 µg/L), Cu (Ganga,10.00-140.64 µg/L > Ramganga,57.15-99.10 µg/L > Yamuna,00.871- 84.88 µg/L >1.3-4.3 µg/L), Cd (Yamuna,00.018 - 330 µg/L >  Kali,2.00-80 µg/L > Ganga,0.6-36 µg/L > Gomati 0.1-0.5 µg/L ), Pb (Kali,22-340µg/L > Yamuna,0.067-254 µg/L > Ganga,4.7- 86.9 µg/L > Ramganga,10.1-48.92 µg/L > Gomati,15.8-27.6 µg/L). These reported values of heavy metal concentration were compared with BIS, USEPA, ICMR, CPCB and WHO standards. The values in the water are above permissible limit which may have potential health risks to aquatic ecosystem and organisms living around Ganga river basin. These metals accumulate into the fish tissues and cause damage to the its body organs like central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, liver, bone and endocrine glands. Thus, the objective of this review is to i. give an insight about pollution status in the middle stretch of river Ganga, ii. collect the information of heavy metal concentration present in the river Ganga and its tributaries, and iii. provide the information about pollution index, bioconcentration factor, bioaccumulation factor, biomagnification factor, homeostasis of metal ions and toxicity effects of Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd on fish and human health.<#LINE#>Behera S., Areendran G., Gautam P. and Sagar V. (2011).@For a living Ganga–working with people and aquatic species.@New Delhi, WWF-India, 1-84.@No$Pandey G. and Madhuri S. 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@Short Review Paper
<#LINE#>Major biodiversity of poovar beach along the Neyaar River: a tourism destination of Kerala, India<#LINE#>Padma @Mahanti,Sanjeet @Kumar <#LINE#>72-75<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-174.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environment and Climate Change, Trivandrum-695024, Kerala, India@Ambika Prasad Research Foundation (APRF), Cuttack-753014, Odisha, India<#LINE#>1/12/2016<#LINE#>16/1/2017<#LINE#>The biodiversity of Estuary and Backwaters always show the virginity in the exploration of flora and fauna. They also the harbor of many medicinal plants, avifauna and other taxa. Due to salinity, plants develop the defense mechanisms by synthesizing some secondary metabolites which show the medicinal potential for human beings. During a weekend visit along the Neyaar River, we could identify many beneficial indicators of rich biodiversity near Poovar beach. It is a prime tourist destination near the capital of the state of Kerala. A cursory observation revealed that the most prominent flora are Cerbera odollam, Barringtonia racemosa, Cocos nucifera etc and most visible avifauna are Haliastur indus, Corvus splendens, Bubulcus ibis, Ardeola grayii etc. It was also observed that the place is a prime tourist destination of the Capital of said state and the movement of the water boat have been disturbing the balance of the ecosystem. The present study highlights the importance of the area as rich biodiversity spot and recommends the needed action for the conservation of the coastal ecosystems.<#LINE#>Bazin P., Jouenne F., Friedi T., Cabanillas A.F., Roy B. and Veron B. (2014).@Phytoplankton diversity and community composition along the estuarine gradient of a temperate macrotidal ecosystem: combined morphological and molecular approaches.@PLoS ONE. 9(4) doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094110.@Yes$Tilman D. and Lehman C. (2001).@Human-caused environmental change: impacts on plant diversity and evolution.@Proceeding of National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98(10), 5433-5440.@Yes$Alves R.R.N. and Rosa I.M.L. (2007).@Biodiversity, traditional medicine and public health: where do they meet?.@Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 3(1), 14-19.@Yes$Nambiar G.R. and Raveendran K. (2009).@Marine mycoflora in backwater ecosystem of Kerala, India.@Journal of Environmental Biology, 30(5), 647-649.@Yes$WCNB (2006).@Travel...As Many Places As You Can!!!.@(www.craftbynature.blogspot.in) /2016/03/ poovar-beach-poovar-is-one-among.html.@Yes$WKG (2014).@keralagreenery.@(www.keralagreenery .com) /poovar/ (2014).@Yes$Rajith N.P., Navas M., Thaha A.M., Manju M.J., Anish N., Rajasekharan S. and George V. (2010).@A study on traditional mother care plants of rural communities of South Kerala.@Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 9(1), 203-208.@Yes$Suganya R. and Thangaraj M. (2014).@Mangrove plant Derris trifoliate–evaluation of antibacterial property.@Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 7(1), 230-232.@Yes$Kavitha C.H. and Murugan K. (2014).@Plant wealth and traditional knowledge of local vendors of Neyatinkara, Thiruvananthapuram district: a search.@World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(9), 857-864.@Yes$Sarkar S.S., Melad S.S., Shamy M.A. and Elhavez A.E. (2011).@Propagation of Cerbera odollam plant by using tissue culture technique.@Journal of Horticulture Science and Ornamental Plants, 3(3), 276-282.@No$Tilman D. and Lehman C. (2001).@Human-caused environmental change: impacts on plant diversity and evolution.@Proceeding of National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98(10), 5433-5440.@Yes$Chenampulli S., Unnikrishnan G., Sujith A., Thomas S. and Francis T. (2013).@Cellulose nano-particles from Pandanus: viscometric and crystallographic studies.@Cellulose. 20(1), 429-438.@No$Silja V.P., Varma K.S. and Mohanan K.V. (2008).@Ethnomedicinal plant knowledge of the Mullu Kuruma tribe of Wayanad district, Kerala.@Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 7(4), 604-612.@No