@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Firewood Accessibility among Rural and Urban Households in Trans-Nzoia and West-Pokot Counties, Kenya<#LINE#>  @Namaswa W.T., @Mbego J., @Muisu F., @Mandila B. <#LINE#>1-11<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2015-122.pdf<#LINE#>School of Natural Resource Management, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100 Eldoret, Kenya@School of Natural Resource Management, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100 Eldoret, Kenya@School of Natural Resource Management, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100 Eldoret, Kenya@School of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, University of Kabianga P.O. Box 2030-20200 Kericho, Kenya<#LINE#>25/5/2015<#LINE#>30/3/2016<#LINE#>This study investigated firewood accessibility in rural and urban areas of Trans-Nzoia and West-Pokot counties of Kenya. The aim was to avail scientific data for appropriate policy formulation to ensure sustainable firewood accessibility. The study employed independent group research design. Stratified random sampling technique was used to categorize households into rural and urban households. Convenience sampling was used to select Kolongolo and Kacheliba to represent rural areas of Trans-Nzoia and West-Pokot respectively. Purposeful sampling technique was used to select Kitale and Makutano to represent urban areas in Trans-Nzoia and West-Pokot correspondently. Systematic random sampling was used to select a total of 355 households from the study areas. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews and observation; and analyzed using Kruskal Wallis Test, and Chi-square test of association. Firewood accessibility was measured based on distance (Km)/Kg, time (hours)/Kg, household monthly expenditure, cost (Kshs)/Kg, and budgetary allocation (%) on firewood used. Results indicated that average distance/kg of firewood collected in Kacheliba was 0.29 Km, while average time/Kg in Makutano was 0.38 hours. In Kitale, average cost/kg of firewood and household monthly expenditure were Kshs 8.2 and Kshs 1577.5 respectively. Average monthly budgetary allocation on firewood in Kacheliba was 32%. In terms of accessibility, firewood was accessible in Kacheliba but inaccessible in Kolongolo, Makutano and Kitale. Land tenure system, government policies, cookstove technologies, and family size were common factors influencing household’s firewood accessibility. Analysis indicated significant differences in households’ firewood accessibility levels in the four areas (&#967;2=11.998(0.05,3), N=249, p=0.007). &#967;2 -test indicated that firewood accessibility levels have insignificant association with existing government policies. We conclude that firewood is accessible in rural areas of West-Pokot and inaccessible in rural and urban areas of Trans-Nzoia, and urban areas of West-Pokot. In addition, existing government policies are either inadequate or poorly enforced to enhance sustainable firewood accessibility. Therefore, law enforcers need to pull up their socks in enforcing current government policies and/or policy-makers need to formulate appropriate policies that will enhance firewood accessibility.<#LINE#>Aquil A., Shadab K., Shadman H. and Tiwari G. (2014).@The Contemporary Scenario of Indian Renewable Energy Sector.@Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 3(11), 82-89@No$Singh M. and Singh P. (2014).@A Review of Wind Energy Scenario in India.@Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 3(4), 87-92.@Yes$Anjum A. (2012).@Biomass: Energy and Environmental Concerns in Developing Country.@I Res. J. Environment Sci., 1(1), 54-57@Yes$Aabeyir R., Quaye-Ballard J., Luise M. and Oduro W. (2011).@Analysis of Factors Affecting Sustainable Commercial Fuelwood Collection in Dawadawa And Kunsu In Kintampo North District Of Ghana.@The IIOAB Journal, 2(2), 44-54.@Yes$K Sander, B Hyseni and SW Haider (2011).@Wood-Based Biomass Energy Development for Sub-Saharan Africa Issues and Approaches.@The International Bank for Reconstruction.@Yes$Minang P.A., van Noordwijk M., Freeman O.E., Mbow C., de Leeuw J. and Catacutan, D. (Eds.). (2015).@Climate-Smart Landscapes: Multifunctionality in Practice.@World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya.@Yes$Egeru A., Kateregga E. And Gilber J. (2015).@Coping with Firewood Scarcity in Soroti District of Eastern Uganda.@Open Journal of Forestry, 4(1), 70-74.@Yes$Githiomi J., Mugendi D. and Kung’u B. (2012).@Analysis of Household Energy Sources and Woodfuel Utilisation Technologies in Kiambu, Thika and Maragwa Districts of Central Kenya.@Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 4(2), 43-48.@Yes$Zainab B. and Fakhra A. (2014).@Production of Ethanol by Fermentation Process by using Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae.@Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 3(7), 24-32.@No$Aleem A., Fakhra A. and Shahid A. (2014).@Quantification of Fat in Chicken’s Feather Meal for its Conversion into Biodiesel.@Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 3(6), 67-74.@No$Abebe D., Koch F. and Mekonnen A. (2012).@Coping with Fuelwood Scarcity.@Discussion Paper Series EfD DP 12-01.@No$Huho M. (2012).@Conflict Resolution among Pastoral Communities in West Pokot County, Kenya: A Missing Link.@Academic Research International, 3(3), 458-468.@Yes$Commission on Revenue Allocation. (2013).@Kenya county Fact sheet. Government Printers@, Nairobi.@No$Mugo F. and Gathui T. (2010).@Biomass energy use in Kenya.@A background paper prepared for the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) for an international ESPA workshop on biomass energy.@Yes$Vahlne N. and Ahlgren O. (2014).@Policy Implications for Improved Cook Stove Programs—a Case Study of the Importance of Village Fuel Use Variations.@Energy Policy., 66(2014), 484–495.@Yes$Inayatullah J. (2011).@What Makes People Adopt Improved Cook Stoves? Empirical Evidence from Rural Northwest Pakistan.@Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 16(5), 3200-3205.@Yes$Ogwuche J. and Asobo V. (2013).@Assessment of Socio-economic Factors Affecting Household Charcoal use in Makurdi Urban Area of Benue State, Nigeria.@Journal of Environmental Research and Management. 3(7), 0180-0188.@Yes$Nyembe M. (2011).@An Econometric Analysis of Factors Determining Charcoal Consumption by Urban Households: The case of Zambia.@Master’s Programme Degree Thesis No. 641, Department of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.@Yes$Jeuland M. and Pattanayak S. (2012).@Benefits and Costs of Improved Cookstoves: Assessing the Implications of Variability in Health, Forest and Climate Impacts.@PloS One., 7(2), 1-15.@Yes$Rosa G., Majorin F., Boisson S., Barstow C., Johnson M., Kirby M., Ngabo F., Thomas E. and Clasen T. (2014).@Assessing the Impact of Water Filters and Improved Cook Stoves on Drinking Water Quality and Household Air Pollution:@A Randomized Controlled Trial In Rwanda. PloS One., 9(3).@Yes$Raman P., Murali J., Sakthivadivel D. and Vigneswaran S. (2013).@Evaluation of Domestic Cookstove Technologies Implemented across the World to Identify Possible Options for Clean and Efficient Cooking Solutions.@Journal of Energy and Chemical Engineering, 1(1), 15-26.@Yes
<#LINE#>Water Quality Assessment of River Dikhow, Assam, India Using Biological Water Quality Criteria<#LINE#> @Bristi Dutta, @Debojit Baruah,  @S.P. Biswas <#LINE#>12-17<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2015-204.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, S.P.P. College, Namti, Sivsagar, Assam, India@Department of Zoology, S.P.P. College, Namti, Sivsagar, Assam, India@Department of Zoology, S.P.P. College, Namti, Sivsagar, Assam, India<#LINE#>16/9/2015<#LINE#>25/2/2016<#LINE#>An assessment has been made on the water quality of the tail race of River Dikhow - a southern tributary of the mighty river Brahmaputra, Assam, India, following Biological Water Quality Criteria. During the study, the study period (Jan’2013 to Dec’2013) was divided into four seasons-pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winte . March to May is considered as pre-monsoon, Jun to August is considered as monsoon, September to October is considered as post-monsoon and December to February is considered as winter seasons. Studied area was demarcated into five stations, viz station I, station II, station III, station IV and station V. Samples of macro invertebrates were collected monthly and identified following standard methods. A total of thirteen (13) species of three (3) phyla (Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda) were recorded during the study. Biological Water Quality Criteria which is based on saprobic and diversity score, showed slight pollution in station V and moderate pollution in station I,II,III and IV. But the extent of pollution in station III was found to be greater as compared to the other stations.<#LINE#>Malmqvist B. and Rundle S. (2002).@Threats to the running water ecosystems of the world.@Environment Conservation, 29,134-153.@Yes$Ostroumov S. A. (2005).@On the multifunctional role of the biota in the self-purification of aquatic ecosystems.@Russian Journal of Ecology 36,452-459.@Yes$Rosenberg D.M. (1998).@A National Aquatic Ecosystem Health Program for Canada: We should go against the flow.@Bull. Entomol. Soc. Can., Trans Tech Publications - Scitech Publications. 30(4),144-152.@Yes$Oertel N. and Salánki J. (2003).@Biomonitoring and Bioindicators in Aquatic Ecosystems.@In: Ambasht RS, Ambasht NK (Eds.) Modern trends in applied aquatic ecology. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 219-246.@Yes$Markert B., Wappelhorst O., Weckert V., Herpin U., Siewers U. and Friese K., (1999).@The use of bioindicators for monitoring the heavy-metal status of the environment.@Journal of Radioanalytical Nuclear Chemistry, 240(2), 425-429.@Yes$C Rosen. (2000).@World Resources 2000-2001.@World Resources Institute (Ed), Elsevier, Washington, DC, 43-145.@Yes$Saunders D.L., Meeuwig J.J and Vincent A.C.J (2002). Freshwater protected areas: Strategies for Conservation. Conservation Biology, 16(1), 30-41.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Rosenberg D. M. and Resh V. H. (eds.) (1993).@Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates.@Chapman & Hall, New York. 488.@Yes$Ramakrishnan N. (1990).@Water Quality Assessment of Two Drinking Water ponds using algae as indicators at Tiruvannamallai Tow, Tamil Nadu.@In Nat. Symp. On Biomonotoring indicators in an Aquatic Ecosystem Erode. Abst. No. 07. Oct. 24-26.@No$Barbosa F.A.R., Callisto M. & Galdean N. (2001).@The diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates as an indicator of water quality and ecosystem health: a case to study for Brazil.@J. Aquat. Ecos. Health Restor. 4, 51-60.@Yes$Sharma M.P., Sharma S., Goel V., Sharma P. and Kumar A. (2006).@Water quality Assessment of Behta River using benthic macroinvertebrates. Life Sci J, 3(4), 134-6.@undefined@Yes$Thorne R.S.J. and Williams W.P. (1997). The response of benthic macroinvertebrates to pollution in developing countries: a multimetric system of bioassessment. Freshwater Biology, 37, 671-686.@undefined@undefined@Yes$Kazanci N and Dugel M. (2000). Ordination and classification of macroinvertebrates and environmental data of stream in Turkey.@Water Sci Technol, 47, 7-8.@undefined@Yes$Dickens C.W.S. and Graham P.M. (2002).@The South Africa Scoring System (SASS) version 5 rapid bioassessment method for rivers.@African Journal of Aquatic Science 27, 1-10.@Yes$Wierdelholm T. (1983).@Chironomidae of the Holartic region.@Keys and diagnoses: Part 1. Entomol. Scand. Suppl. 19, 41-57.@Yes$Wierdelholm T. (1984).@Responses of aquatic insects to environmental pollution.@In: Resh V.H. and Rosenbrg, Rosenberg, D.M. (Eds). The ecology of aquatic insects. Preager Publishers. New York. 508-557.@Yes$Cranston P.S. (1996).@Identification guide to the Chironomidae of New South Wales – Australian Water Technologies.@West Ryde@Yes$Central Pollution Control Board (1999).@Biological water Quality criteria (BWQC).@CPCB Manual, Method of Biomonitoring, 4.@No$Cota L., Goulart M., Moreno P. & Callisto M. (2002).@Rapid assessment of river water quality using an adapted BMWP index: a practical tool to evaluate ecosystem health.@Verh. Int. Verein. Limnol. 28, 1-4.@Yes$Sreejith K.P. and Kumar R.M.P. (2008).@Kumar HPS, Kokkal K. Comparison of water quality of east and west flowing River basins of Kerala employing plankton and benthic analysis.@Indian J Environ Ecoplan 15(3), 463-70.@No$Verma S.R., Sharma P., Tyagi A.K., Rani S.A., Gupta K. and Dalela R.C. (1984).@Pollution and saprobic status of Eastern Kalinadi.@Limnologica (Berlin), 15, 69–133.@Yes
<#LINE#>Residual Effect of Post Biomethanated Spent Wash on Soil Properties of Entisol<#LINE#> @Sunil Jawale, @Santosh Patil, @Deepak Patil, @Sunil Joshi <#LINE#>18-21<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-010.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Soil Science & Agriculture Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra, India@BAIF Development Research Foundation, Uruli Kanchan, Pune 412 202, Maharashtra, India@BAIF Development Research Foundation, Uruli Kanchan, Pune 412 202, Maharashtra, India@BAIF Development Research Foundation, Uruli Kanchan, Pune 412 202, Maharashtra, India<#LINE#>22/1/2016<#LINE#>30/4/2016<#LINE#>An investigation was conducted on farmer’s field with an objective to study the “Residual effect of post-biomethanated spent wash on properties of soil solum and yield of Pearl millet” in the jurisdiction of Padmashri Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana, Pravaranagar, Taluka-Rahata, Dist. Ahmednagar during 2007-08. Ten farmers from factory area of Pravaranagar and Gogalgaon village were selected, where spent wash was applied @ 70-75 m3 ha-1 before kharif season. Soil profiles were dug in the treated farms at harvest of the crop to study the residual effect of post biomethanated spent wash application on soil profile characteristics. The untreated fields were selected, adjacent to treated fields, where no spent wash was applied and were treated as control check to assess the effect of spent wash treated profiles in comparison to untreated soil profiles. The effect of spent wash application was assessed for pearl millet which was grown as test crop. The result revealed that post biomethanated spent wash was neutral in reaction with high concentration of soluble salt. The application of post biomethanated spent wash showed improvement in bulk density, hydraulic conductivity and water retention, while no residual effect on soil texture was observed. Slight build-up of salinity with distillery effluent application. The application of distillery effluent showed improvement in properties of soil. The Mean Weight Diameter (MWD), saturated hydraulic conductivity, water retention, field capacity and available water content were significantly higher, while bulk density (BD) and penetration resistance of the surface soil were significantly lower.<#LINE#>Bhaskar, In: Proc. Nat. Symp. Use of Distillery and Sugar Industry Wastes in Agriculture. 28th and 29th October (2003).@AC and RI, Trichy.@80-88 (2004)@No$Pillai M., Pal D.K. and Deshpande S.B. (1996).@Distillation of clay minerals and their genesis in ferruginous and black soils occurring in close approximately on Deccan basalt plateau of Nagpur.@J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 44(5), 500-507.@Yes$Joshi H.C., Pathak H., Choudhary A. and Kalar N. (1996).@Distillery Effluent as a source of plant nutrients. Prospects and problems.@Fertilizer News, November, 1996. 41 (11), 41-47.@Yes$Hati K.M., Biswas A.K., Bandopadhyaya K.K. and Misra A.K. (2003).@Distillery Effluent as a source of plant nutrients@J. Plant Nutrient and Soil Science 116, 345-347.@No$Basava Raju (2005).@Pathak Himanshu and Chaudhari Anita, Distillery and sugar industry waste in Agriculture.@28th and 29th October, 1996. AC and RI, Trichy. 104-109.@No$Shamsunder H.C., Pathak H., Choudhary A. and Kalar N. (2004).@Effect of distillery effluent under pre and post sown irrigation on soil health and yield of rice and wheat.@Indian J. Agric. Sci. 77(11), 726-730.@Yes
<#LINE#>Assessment of Groundwater Quality Parameters Using Statistical Analysis, a Case Study of Dindigul City, Tamilnadu, India<#LINE#> @Dhayalan V., @Ramaraj M., @Sathyaseelan M., @Colins Johnny J. <#LINE#>22-31<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-015.pdf<#LINE#>Environmental Engineering, Gnanamani College of Engineering, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India@Environmental Engineering, MAM College of Engineering, Trichy, Tamilnadu, India@Geo Informatics, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamilnadu, India@University V.O.C College of Engineering, Tuticorin, Tamilnadu, India<#LINE#>9/2/2016<#LINE#>20/3/2016<#LINE#>The case study was conducted with the aim of defining the range of groundwater pollution caused by the tannery industries and disposal of sewage waste in kodavanar watershed basin region located in Dindigul district, which is a township of having small and large scale tannery industries around 68 industries. The groundwater gets frequent contamination due to untreated effluents which is discharged from the tanneries industries. The untreated effluent does contains various pollutants such as chromium, nitrates, sulphate, hardness, arsenic, fluorides and microbiological organisms more than its desirable limits. The samples from various sixteen locations were collected during pre-monsoon season in the year 2014 and the collected samples were analyzed in the laboratory. Water quality index map was created in order to display the quality of water in sixteen sample locations of the study area. In this study, correlation analysis, factor analysis and regression analysis were carried out to show the clear substantial relationship between the different sets of groundwater quality parameters in our study area and to determine whether the water quality parameters are ordinarily dispersed and revelation of seasonal pattern. The chemical constraints exposes in the principal component analysis and varimax on three factors that interpret for about 71.819% of the total variance shows the important component of groundwater chemistry in study area.<#LINE#>M. Mohamed Hanipha and A. Zahir Hussain (2014).@Statistical evaluation of groundwater quality in and around Dindigul region,@Tamilnadu, India, Pelagia Research Library Advances in Applied Science Research, 5(6), 246-251.@Yes$L. Rodrigues and A. Pacheco (2003).@Groundwater Contamination from Cemeteries Cases of Study,@Conference on Environmental Situation and Perspectives for the European Union, Porto Portugal, 6th-10th May, 1-6.@Yes$A. Jesu, Ignatius Navis Karthika and M.S. Dheenadayalan (2013).@The Physico – Chemical Analysis of Ground Water in and around Dindigul Due to the Discharge of Sewage and Industrial Effluents,@Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(1), 192-197.@Yes$N.C. Mondal, V.K. Saxena, and V.S. Singh (2005). Assessment of Groundwater Pollution due to Tanneries in and around Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India, International Journal of Geosciences, 48 (2), 49-157.@undefined@undefined@Yes$R. Ramesh and G.R. Purvaja, Raveendra and V. Ika (1995).@The Problem of Groundwater Pollution: a Case Study from Madras city, India,@Proceedings of a Boulder Symposium on Man@Yes$N. Kavitha and N. Swedandra (2011).@Assessment of Urban Growth and its Impact on Ground Water due to Tanneries Using GIS Techniques, 12th Esri India User Conference, Noida, India,@7th – 8th December, 1–7.@Yes$Robert H. Montgomery, Jim C. Loftis and Jane Harris (1987).@Statistical Characteristics of Ground – Water Quality Variables,@Wiley Online Library Ground Water, 25(2), 176–184.@Yes$Khwaja M. Anwar and Aggarwal Vanitam (2014).@Analysis of groundwater quality using Statistical techniques: a Case study of Aligarah City, International Journal of Technical Research and Applications, 2(5), 100-106.@undefined@Yes$M. Ramaraj and V. Dhayalan (2015). Mapping and Statistical Analysis of Groundwater Quality – a Case Study of Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India,@IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, 3(4), 1898 – 1903.@undefined@Yes$Government of India Ministry of Water Resources Central Ground Water Board South Eastern Coastal Region Chennai (2008).@Technical Report Series@District Groundwater Brochure Dindigul district, Tamilnadu.@Yes$Sudhakar Gummadi, G. Swarnalatha, Z. Vishnuvardhan and D. Harika (2014).@Statistical Analysis of Groundwater samples from Baptala Mandal,Gundur District, Andhra Pradesh, India,@IOSR -Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology and Foods Technology, 8(1), 27–32.@Yes$M.A.M. Joarder, F. Raihan, J.B. Alam and S. Hasanuzzaman (2008).@Regression Analysis of Ground Water Quality Data of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh,@International Journal of Environmental Research, 2(3), 291–296@Yes$Kuswantoro Marko, Nassir Alamri and Amro Mohamed Elfeki (2013).@Geostatistical analysis using GIS for Mapping Groundwater Quality: Case Study in the Recharge Area of Wadi Usfan,@western Saudi Arabia, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7(12), 5239-5252.@Yes$S.B. Mangalekar and J.S. Samant (2012).@Future Groundwater Disaster: A Case Study of Kolhapur District,@Journal of Shivaji University Science and Technology, 42(1), 193–202.@Yes$J.M. Ishaku, U. Kaigama and N.R. Onyeka (2011)@Assessment of Groundwater Quality using Factor Analysis in Mararaba-mubi area, Northeastern Nigeria,@Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering, 1(1), 1792-9660.@Yes
<#LINE#>Land Use / Land Cover Changes and Urban Expansion in Jammu city, India and its surroundings<#LINE#> @Sanjay Sharma, @Harpreet Kaur <#LINE#>32-40<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-018.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu, J and K, India@Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu, J and K, India<#LINE#>11/2/2016<#LINE#>27/3/2016<#LINE#>Rapid, unplanned urbanization affects the existing land use patterns at a fast rate, which generally leads to changes that are unsustainable. Jammu, one of the two capital cities of the state of Jammu and Kashmir has experienced an rapid expansion of urban area during the last three decades. This paper seeksto detect, quantify and analyze these land use changes using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). This was done by conducting a multi-temporal study for Jammu city and its surrounding areas for the years 1989, 2000 and 2014 using Landsat data. Visual interpretation of satellite imagery was used to produce three maps of land use categories and the corresponding statistics. The changes occurring during the last 25 years were estimated using GIS tools. The over-all changes show that the built-up area has increased significantly at the cost of agricultural and other land use classes like scrub. Importantly, the study shows that the unplanned urbanisation has had an alarming impact on the seasonal stream beds that have been engulfed in the expanding built-up class. In conclusion, RS and GIS technologies can be used to assist decision makers to monitor implementation of plans and prepare future plans in accordance with the principles of sustainability and environmental conservation.<#LINE#>Census of India (2011).@Provisional Population Totals,@Chapter 3. 40.@No$World Urbanization Prospects, The 2014 Revision (2014).@Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, New York.@ISBN 978-92-1-151517-6.@No$Herbert D.T. and Thomas C.J. (1990).@Cities in Space, City as Place, London.@David Fulton Publishers.@Yes$Timar J. (1992).@The main features of suburbanisation in the Great Hungarian Plain.@Landscape and Urban Planning, 22, 177-187.@Yes$Pivo G. (1996).@Toward sustainable urbanization on main street Cascadia.@Cities, 13(5), 339-354.@Yes$Li Y., Yeung S.C. and Seabrooke W. (2005).@Urban planning and sustainable development under transitional economy: a case study of Guangzhou.@International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 12, 300-313.@Yes$Shankarnarayan K.A. and Sen A.K. (1997).@The methodology of mapping land resources for rational utilization.@(In: Desertification and its Control. ICAR, New Delhi, 77-80.).@Yes$Candau J., Rasmussen S. and Clarke K.C. (2000).@A coupled cellular automaton model for land use/land cover dynamics.@4th International Conference on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling (GIS/EM4): Problems, Prospects and Research Needs. Banff, Alberta, Canada, September 2-8. No. 94.@Yes$Lillesand T.M. and Keifer R.W. (2002).@Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation,@4th ed., John Wiley and Sons, Inc.@Yes$Ghorbani A. and Pakravan M. (2013).@Land use mapping usingvisual vs digital image interpretation of TM and Google Earth derived imagery in Shrivan-Darasi watershed (Northwest of Iran).@European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(10), 576-582.@Yes$Belaid M.A. (2003).@Urban-rural land use change detection and analysis using GIS and RS technologies.@TS8 Geographic Information and Planning. 2nd FIG Regional Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, December 2-5, 2003.@Yes$Bhat G.M., Pandita S.K., Singh R., Malik M.A. and Sarkar S. (1999).@Northwest Himalayan Successions along Jammu-Srinagar Transect (Field Guide),@Indian Association of Sedimentologists, Aligarh.@Yes$Singh Ashbindu. (1989).@Digital change detection techniques using remotely-sensed data.@International Journal of Remote Sensing, 10(6), 989-1003.@Yes$Vasudeva V. (2015).@Unregulated urbanisation to blame for Chennai flooding: CSE experts.@The Hindu newspaper, accessed 29-01-2016. m.thehindu.com/news/ cities/chennai/unregulated-urbanisation-to-blame-for-chennai-flooding-cse-experts/article7945813.ece.@Yes$Kundu A. (2003).@Urbanisation and Urban Governance.@Search for a perspective beyond Neo-Liberalism. Economic and Political Weekly, July 19, 3079-3087.@Yes$Anonymous (2015).@Economic Survey 2014-15, Vol-I,@Directorate of Economics and Statistics, J and K.@Yes$Anonymous (2016).@Official website of Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board.@https://www.maavaishnodevi.org/shrine-board.aspx accessed 05-02-2016.@No$Rao U.R. (1996). Population Dynamics and Management of Urban Environment. 47thCongress, International Astronautical Federation-Special Plenary Session, Beijing@undefined@undefined@Yes
<#LINE#>A brief Study on the Effects of a common Household Detergent on Oreochromis sp<#LINE#> @Samita Kundu, @Sourav Debnath, @Tanusree Mondal, @Mainak Mukherjee <#LINE#>41-47<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-030.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, Vivekananda College, 269 Diamond Harbour Road, Kolkata 700063, WB, India@Department of Zoology, Vivekananda College, 269 Diamond Harbour Road, Kolkata 700063, WB, India@Department of Zoology, Vivekananda College, 269 Diamond Harbour Road, Kolkata 700063, WB, India@Department of Zoology, Vivekananda College, 269 Diamond Harbour Road, Kolkata 700063, WB, India<#LINE#>20/2/2016<#LINE#>28/3/2016<#LINE#>Aquatic pollution has become a serious cause of concern, particularly due to its indirect but persistent adverse effects on fish-eating humans residing on the top of the food chain. Ironically, the culprits are human beings who pollute the water bodies by their rampant discharge of harmful chemicals. Detergents comprise the topmost daily-use contaminant of water bodies in rural and urban areas and are literally unavoidable. The present study focused on a very commonly used detergent that not only degraded the water quality of resident fishes by altering the pH, dissolved O2 content, free CO2 content and alkalinity, but also caused fish mortality within 24 h at higher concentrations. Moderately high concentrations of the detergent affected fish tissues and organs with prominent adverse alterations in the liver histology, indirectly implying its detrimental effects on fish physiology. These exposed fishes, when consumed can in the long run cause adverse effects in man, albeit in a large scale.<#LINE#>Ruiswell R.E., Brimblecombe P., Deut D.L. and Liss P.S. (1992).@Environmental Chemistry, the Earth-Air Water Factory,@Edward Arnold, Great Britain.@Yes$Adham K.G., Hamed S.S., Ibrahim H.M. and Saleh R.A. (2002).@Impaired functions of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromisniloticus from polluted waters.@Acta Hydrochemicalet Hydrobiological@Yes$Adewoye S.O., Fawole O.O., Owolabi O.D. and Omotosho J.S. (2005).@Toxicity of cassava wastewater effluents to African catfish: Clariasgariepinus.@Ethiop. J. Sci., 28(7), 189-194.@Yes$Ogundiran M.A., Fawole O.O., Adewoye S.O. and Ayandiran T.A. (2009).@Pathologic Lesions in the Gills Structures of Clariasgariepinuson exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of soap and detergent effluents.@J. Cell Animal Biol., 3(5), 078-082.@No$Farkas A., Salanki J. and Specziar A. (2002).@Relation between growth and the heavy metals concentrations in organs of bream,@Abramisbrama L. populating lakeBlaton. Arch. Environ. Contam.Toxicol., 43(2), 236-243.@Yes$Winkler L.W. (1888).@Die Bestimmung des in Wassergelosten Sauerstoffen.@Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft, 21, 2843-2855.@Yes$Camp B. (2002).@July/August Letter to the Editor@in Stormwater.@No$Pandey K, Shukla J.P. and Trivedi S.P. (2012).@Fundamentals of Toxicology,@New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.,@No$Foster N.R., Scheier A. and Cairns J.J. (1996).@Effect of ABS on feeding behaviour of flag fish,@Jordanellafloridae. Trans. Am. Fisheries Soc., 95, 109-110.Kolkata.@Yes$Bardach J.E., Fugiya M. and Holl A. (1965).@Detergents: Effect on the chemical senses of the fish,@Ictalurusnatalis (Le Sueur). Science, 148, 1605-1607.@Yes$Okwuosa V.N. and Omoregie E. (1995).@Acute toxicity of alkyl benzene sulphate (ABS) detergent to the toothed carp,@Aphyosemiongairdneri.Aquaculture Res., 26, 755-758.@Yes$Chattopadhyay D.N. and Konar S.K. (1985).@Chronic effects of an anionic detergent on aquatic ecosystem.@Environ. Ecol. 3, 82-85.@Yes$Prakash D.J. (1996).@Effects of detergents,@soap and fertilizers on teleost fishes to weed fish Rasboraelonga.@Yes$Benjamin M. (2002).@Water Chemistry,@McGraw-Hill, New York.@Yes$Basu S.P. (1959).@Active respiration of fish in relation to ambient concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide.@J. Fish. Res. Board Can., 16, 175-212.@Yes$Randall D.J. (1970).@Gas exchange in fish.@In: Hoar, W.S. and Randall, D.J. (eds.) Fish Physiology, Vol IV, Academic Press, New York, p. 253-292.@Yes$Haempel O. (1928).@Uber die Wirkung Hoeherer Sauerstoff-konzentration auf Fische.@Zeitschrift fur verglechende Physiologie 7.Band, 4. Heft. Juli.@Yes$Wiebe A.H. (1933).@The Effect of High Concentrations of Dissolved Oxygen on Several Species of Pond Fishes.@The Ohio J. Sci., 33(2), 110-126.@Yes$Baumann H., Talmage S.C. and Gobler C.J. (2011).@Reduced early life growth and survival in a fish in direct response to increased carbon dioxide.@Nature Climate Change (Letters). DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1291@Yes$Wooley A. (2003).@Determination—General and reproductive toxicology.@In: A Guide to Practical Toxicology Evaluation, Prediction and Risk, Taylor and Francis, New York. 80–106.@Yes$Myers, M.S., Johnson, L.L., Olson, O.P., Sther, C.M., Homess, B.H., Collier, T.K. and McCain B.B. (1998).@Toxicopathic hepatic lesions as biomarker of chemical contaminants exposure and effects in marine bottom fish species from the northesther and Pacific Coast.@U. S. A. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 37, 92-113.@Yes$Rocha E. and Monteiro R.A.F. (1999).@Histology and Cytology of fish liver:@A review, In: Saksena, D.N. (ed.) Ichthyology: Recent Research Advances, Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire 321-344.@Yes$Kock G., Triendi M. and Hofer R. (1996).@Seasonal pattern of metal accumulation in Arctic char (Salvelinusalpinus) from an oligitrophic Alpine lake related totemperature.@Can. J. Fish.Aquat. Sci., 53, 780-786.@Yes$Cox, C. (1998).@Glyphosate (roundup).@J. Pestic. Reform., 18, 3-17@No
<#LINE#>Assessment of Natural Radio activity in Rock Samples around South Kordofan State, Sudan<#LINE#> @Amna M. Hassan,@Abdelrahman E. Mohamed Osman,@Mustafa M. O. Ahamed,@Nooreldin Fadol, @Hajo Idriss, @Nserdin A. Ragab <#LINE#>48-52<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-032.pdf<#LINE#>1Physics Department, College of Sciences and Arts in Al-Namas (Female), University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia 2 Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Sudan University of Sciences and Technology, Sudan@2 Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Sudan University of Sciences and Technology, Sudan 3 Physics Department, Faculty of sciences, Taibah University, Al- Medina Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia@4Sudan Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 3001, Khartoum, Sudan@5 Physics Department, Faculty of Education, University of Blue Nile, Sudan@4Sudan Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 3001, Khartoum, Sudan 6Committee on Radiation and Environmental Pollution Protection, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia @4Sudan Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 3001, Khartoum, Sudan<#LINE#>23/2/2016<#LINE#>28/3/2016<#LINE#>This study was conducted to assess gamma dose and radioactivity level in some areas in South Kordofan State. Activity level of 238U, 232Th and 40K has been investigated by &#947;-ray spectroscopy equipped with NaI (Tl). The average concentrations were 282.76, 142.79and1081.50 Bqkg-1, respectively. Moreover, the absorbed dose rate in air at height of 1m from the ground has been calculated, using four sets of dose rate conversion factors (DRCFs) and corresponding annual effective dose has been estimated.  The average absorbed dose rate values obtained were found to be262.27, 222.39, 233.94 and 261.98nGyh-1, respectively, and annual effective dose were found to be 321.87, 272.92, 287.10 and 321.52&#956;Svy-1, respectively, for DRCFs (SAITO, MCNP, GEANT and UNSEAR). However, the results indicate the radioactivity level in the surveyed area was higher than the global data reported in the UNSCEAR publications for normal background areas<#LINE#>Sam A.K and Holm E. (1995).@The natural radioactivity in phosphate deposits from Sudan.,@The Science of the Total Environment. 162(2), 173-178.@Yes$Sam A.K., Ahamed M.M.O., El Khangi F.A., El Nigumi Y.O. and Holm E. (1999).@Radiological and chemical assessment of Uro and Kurun rock phosphates, The natural radioactivity in Phosphate deposits from.,@Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 42(1), 65-75.@Yes$Dickson B.L and Scott K.M. (1997).@Interpretation of aerial gamma-ray surveys – adding the geochemical factors,@Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, 17 (2), 187-200.@Yes$Degerlier M., Karahan G. and Ozger G. (2008).@Radioactivity concentrations and dose assessment for soil samples around Adana, Turkey.@Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 99(7), 1018-1025.@Yes$El Aassy Ibrahim M., El Galy Mohamed M., Nada, Afaf A., El Feky, Mohamed G., AbdEl  Maksoud Thanaa M., TalaatShadia  M. and  Ibrahim  Eman  M. ( 2011).@Effect  of alteration processes  on  the distribution  of  radionuclides  in uraniferous  sedimentary rock and their environmental impact,@south western Sinai, Egypt., J. Radioanal  , 289(1), 173-184,@Yes$Tso M.Y and Leung J.K. (2000).@Population Dose Due to Natural Radiations in Hong Kong,@Health Physics,78(5), 555-558.@No$UNSCEAR (2008).@United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation: Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation. Report to General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes.@New York, United Nations.Kohshi C., Takao I and Hideo S. (2001).@No$UNSCEAR (2000).@United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation: Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation. Report to General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes.@New York, United Nations@No
@Research Article
<#LINE#>Environmental Pollution and Sustainable Development in Nigeria<#LINE#> @Abah Emmanuel Ogbonna, @Unah Uchenna <#LINE#>53-62<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-005.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Public Administration, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria@Department of Industrial Chemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria<#LINE#>11/1/2016<#LINE#>20/3/2016<#LINE#>Environmental pollution and its consequences on the Nigerian society are of great concern and cannot be overlooked. This work is aimed at looking critically on environmental pollution, causes, effects and sustainable development in Nigeria. While pursuing a better life, man has continued to pollute the environment through agricultural and industrial activities, generate noise, population increase, urbanization, deforestation, bush burning and so on. Through these activities; man has directly and indirectly created problems which have caused environmental degradation and several other hazardous effects such as widespread of diseases, reduction and destruction of natural habitats, and has led to low socio-economic development of Nigeria as a nation. The paper recommends that the issue of environment and sustainable development should be everybody’s concern, individuals, cooperate bodies must develop interest and do more to safeguard our environment so as to leave behind a better future for posterity to inherit.<#LINE#>Evelyn M.I. and Tyav T.T. (2013).@Environmental Pollution in Nigeria: The Need for Awareness creation for sustainable Development.@Journal of Research in forestry, Wildlife and Environment, 4, 5-14.@Yes$Ocheri M.I. (2003).@Environmental Health Hazards and National Survival and Stability: A Need for Education.@Benue State University Journal of Education (BSUJE), 4, 167-175.@No$Gbehe N.T. (2004).@Conference Paper at the Department of Geography, Benue State University (BSU) Makurdi.@January ’04. Land Development in Nigeria: An Examination of Environmental Degradation Associated with land use Types.@No$Aja J.O. (2005).@Environmental Education as a Panacea for a sustainable development in Nigeria: Schools environment in focus.@African Journal of Environmental Laws and Development Studies, 1, 114-127.@Yes$Omofonmwam S.I. and Osa Edoh G.I. (2008).@The Challenges of Environmental Problems in Nigeria.@Journal of Human Ecology, 23, 53-56.@Yes$Smart N. Uchegbu. (1998).@Environmental Management and Protection.@Precision Printers and Publishers, Achara Layout, Enugu, Nigeria.@Yes$Okonkwo E.M. and Eboatu A.N. (1999).@Environmental Pollution and Degradation.@Onis Excel Creations Publication Ltd, Palladan Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.@No$Miroslav R. and Vladimir N. Bashkin. (1998).@Practical Environmental Analysis.@The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK.@Yes$Miller G.J. (1976).@Living in the Environment: concept, problems and Alternatives.@California Wad South Publishing Company Inc.@No$Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) (1990).@Act of 1990 under@section 38.@No$Johnson V. (1992).@What is Environmental Education.@Michael Atchia (ed.). Environmental Education in the African school curriculum, Ibadan; African Curriculum Organisation.@No$Muoghalu L.N. (2004).@Environmental Problems and their Effects on Human life:@from Awareness to Action. H. C. Mba et al. (eds), 13-28.@No$United Nations (2016).@The Universal Declaration of Human Rights.@http://www.un.org/en/globalissues/ environment/Accessed May 21, (2015).@No$Onwioduokit E.A. (1998).@An Alternative Approach to Efficient Pollution control in Nigeria.@Proceedings of the Annual Conference of Environmental Protection Society of Nigeria. University of Ilorin, Kwara State Nigeria.@Yes$Akintoye V.A. and Opeyemi O.A. (2014).@Prospects for Achieving Sustainable Development through the Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria.@European Journal of sustainable Development, 3, 33-46.@Yes$Rolston Holmes III. (1994).@Conserving natural value.@New York: Columbia University Press.@Yes$Ayia O.N. (2009).@An Assessment of the Bush Burning Prohibition Law of Benue State Cap. 25,@Laws of Benue, 2004, In M. O. Odey, N. T. Gbehe and Ter-RumunAvav(ed) Agricultural and Environmental issues in Nigeria: Essays in Honour of Rt. Hon. Austion Igoji Awodi, Makurdi, Oracle Business Ltd.@No$Kelvin T.P. and Levis A.O. (1994).@An introduction to Global Environmental Issues.@London Butter Tanner Ltd.@Yes$Chen Robert S. (1990).@The Hunger Report: 1990. Providence, RI: Alan Shawn Feinstein World Hunger Programme, Brown University.@Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 10, 335-358.@No$Kates R.W., Clark W.C., Norberg-Bohm V. and Turner III B.L. (1990).@Human Sources of Global Change: A Report on Priority Research Initiatives for 1990-1995. Occasional Paper 3.@Providence, RI: Institute for International Studies, Brown University.@Yes$Omiegbe O. (1999).@Bush burning and its effect in Africa.@A case study of Nigeria. Benin Journal of Environment Education, 1, 10-20.@Yes$Nyakuma A. (2012).@Noise, when is it a pollutant?@New Era-weekly Newspaper, 5.@No$World Health Organisation (WHO), (2011).@Public Health and the Environment.@Retrieved from www.who.int/gho/phe/en/index.html@Yes$Njoku John. (2006, September 18).@Where Human Waste is Dumped with Impunity.@Vanguard Newspaper, Monday, p. 42.@Yes$Napoleon S.M., Kingsley O.D. and Joan E.D. (2011).@Mitigating the Impact of Solid Wastes in Urban Centres in Nigeria.@Journal of Human Ecology, 34, 125.129.@Yes$Rodgers K.P. (1987).@Director, Department of Regional Development Organisation of American States,@Washington, D.C. Guidelines for Planning the use of American Humid Tropic Environments.@No$Ifeanyi A. (2002).@Environmental Impact Assessment as a Tool for Sustainable Development: The Nigerian Experience.@Proceedings of the FIG XXII International Congress, April 19-26, Washington, D. C. USA.@Yes$Eneh O.C. and Okezie Y.C. (2009).@Developing and Growing Sustainable Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises-Global Template on Sustainable, Human Development.@Sustainable Human Dev. Rev., 1, 67-92.@Yes$Eneh O.C. and Owo N.J. (2008).@Sustainable Development: A Review.@International Journal on Development Studies, 3, 100-103.@Yes$Nwosu U.D. (2012).@Environmental Pollution Control in Nigeria: Problems, Solutions and Advocacy.@Retrieved from http://www.scribd.com/doc/94948450@No$Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999).@http://www.nigeria-law.org/ConstitutionOfTheFederal@RepublicOfNigeria.htm@No$Onyenekenwa C.E. (2011).@Managing Nigeria’s Environment: The Unresolved Issues.@Retrieved from http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=jest.2011.250.263@Yes$John R. Kasich and Craig W. Butler. (2014).@Sustainable Development and Our Environment; a paper presented by the Director,@Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved from www.epa.ohio.gov/.../sustainable.aspx@No$World Health Organisation (WHO), (2011b).@Mortality and Burden of Disease from Water and Sanitation.@Retrieved from www.who.int/gho/phe/water-sanitation/burden/en/index.html@No$Globalise Interactive World Map (2005).@Nigerian population data.@UNEP.@No$Amuda O.S., Adebisi S.A., Jimoda L.A. and Alade A.O. (2014).@Challenges and Possible Panacea to the Municipal Solid Wastes Management in Nigeria.@Journal of Sustainable Development Studies, 6, 64-70.@Yes
<#LINE#>Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Atmospheric Temperature in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka<#LINE#>  @N. Piratheeparajah <#LINE#>63-67<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2015-024.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Geography, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka<#LINE#>28/1/2016<#LINE#>22/3/2016<#LINE#>Atmospheric temperature is the important phenomenon that determines and changes the weather pattern of a place. Studies regarding the climates of the Northern Province of Sri Lanka are very less compared to other disciplines. But climate influences all aspects in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. In this context the main objective of this paper is to identify the spatial and temporal patterns of the temperature of the northern region of Sri Lanka. Data related to temperature of the study area have been collected from Department of Meteorology, from all available stations of the Northern Province of Sri Lanka from 1972 to 2014.  Data from the Statistical Handbook of the Planning branch of the Northern Provincial Council also helped to contact this study. Data have been analyzed using excel work sheet and results were mapped using ARC GIS 9.1 version. Average mean temperature of the study area is 28.4 degree Celsius. But it varies from month to month, season to season and place to place. Seasonally the highest air temperature is recorded during the South West Monsoon Season and the lowest air temperature is recorded during the North East Monsoon Season. The hottest month of the study area is July and the coolest month is December. Spatially the western part of the study area receives the higher extent of temperature than the eastern part of the study area.<#LINE#>Manawadu L. and Nelum Fernando. (2008).@Climate Change in Sri Lanka.@Review Journal of the University of Colombo, 1(2).@Yes$Piratheeparajah N. (2010).@Increasing Temperature in the Jaffna District of Sri Lanka.@Proceeding of the 3rd National Geographic Conference. University of Ruhunu, Matara, 23@No$World Meteorological Organization. (2015).@Reports of World Meteorological Organization.@RWMO@No$Northern Provincial Council. (2014).@Reports Data and Statements. Department of Irrigation of Northern Province,@Jaffna.@No$Sri Lanka Meteorological Service. (2014).@Reports Data and Statements. Department of Meteorology,@Colombo.@No$North Eastern Provincial Council. (2014).@Statistical Hand Books. Northern Provincial Council.@Northern Province, Jaffna.@No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>A Complete Study for Evaluating Environmental Impact Assessment in Industries<#LINE#> @Ansari Anjum <#LINE#>68-70<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-008.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Engineering Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, UIT, Barkatullah University, Bhopal- 462026, MP, India<#LINE#>20/1/2016<#LINE#>8/3/2016<#LINE#>EIA is taken up as a rapid assessment technique for evaluating the current status of the environment and identifying its impact on different activities on environmental parameters. EIA typically refers to a process involving the systematic identification and evaluation of the potential impacts of proposed projects, plans, programs, or policies on indicators of the physical-chemical, biological (ecological), cultural, and socioeconomic components of the total environment. The ultimate purpose of EIAs is to help reconcile environmental protection and sustainable development. Hence EIA is an important management tool for ensuring optimal use of natural resources for sustainable and green development. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) of India has been in a great effort in Environmental Impact Assessment in India. The main laws in action are The Water Act (1974), The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act (1972), The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1981) and The Environment (Protection) Act (1986).<#LINE#>Principle of Environmental Impact Assessment Best Practice(1999).@International Association for Impact Assessment@. IAIA@Yes$Jays Jones C., Slinn P. and Wood C. (2007).@Environmental Impact Assessment: Retrospect and Prospect.@Envi. Imp. Asses. Revi., 27, 287-300.@Yes$Lenzen M., Murray S., Korte B. and Dey C. (2003).@Environmental impact assessment including indirect effects – a case study using input-output analysis,@Envi. Imp. Asses. Revi., 23, 263-282.@Yes$John Felleman (Lead Author); Jonathan Herz and Sidney Draggan (Topic Editor) \\\"Environmental Impact Assessment\\\".@In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment).@[First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth July 20, 2010; Last revised Date July 20, 2010; Retrieved March 30, 2011 <http://www.eoearth.org /article/Environmental_Impact_Assessment>@No$www.wikipedia.com (2011)@(Accessed on March 2011)@WIKIPEDIA.@No$Joseph B. (2005).@Environmental Studies (Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing, New Delhi),@246-251.@No$Khitoliya R.K. (2004).@Environmental Pollution Management and Control for Sustainable Development@(S. Chand publications), 2-3.@Yes$Sadler B. (1996).@Environmental assessment in a changing world: evaluating practice to improve performance. International study of the effectiveness of environmental assessment.@Final Report. International Association for Impact Assessment/Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency. Minister of Supply and Services, Canada.@Yes$Ridker R.G. (1973),@To grow or not to grow, that’s not the relevant question.@Scie. 182, 1315-1318.@Yes$Ingole B.S. (2007).@Importance of environmental impact assessment and monitoring studies in industrial development,@Citation: Environmental changes and natural disasters, ed. by: Babar, Md. New India Publication Agency. 1-9.@Yes$Daniel S., Tsoulfas G., Pappis C. and Rachaniotis N.,@Aggregating and evaluating the results of different Environmental Impact Assessment methods.@Ecolo. Indi., 4, 125-138 (2004).@Yes$Hitzschky K. and Silviera J. (2009).@A proposed impact assessment method for genetically modified plants (As-GMP method),@Envi. Imp. Asses. Revi., 29, 348-368.@Yes$Peche R. and Rodriguez E. (2009).@Environmental impact Assessment procedure: A new approach based on Fuzzy logic.@Envi. Imp. Asses. Revi., 29, 275-283.@Yes$Wilson L. (1998),@A Practical Method for Environmental Impact Assessment Audits,@Envi. Imp. Asses. Revi., 18, 59-71.@Yes$Holder J. (2004).@Environmental Assessment: The Regulation of Decision Making, Oxford University Press, New York; For a comparative discussion of the elements of various domestic EIA systems,@see Christopher Wood Environmental Impact Assessment: A Comparative Review (2 ed, Prentice Hall, Harlow, 2002).@Yes$Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) (1997).@Considering Cumulative Effects under the National Environmental Policy Act. Council on Environmental Quality.@Executive Office of the President, Washington, D.C.@Yes$Shepherd A. and Ortolano L. (1996).@Strategic environmental assessment for sustainable urban development,@Envi. Imp. Asses. Revi., 16, 321-335.@Yes$Ansari A. (2012).@Environmental Impact Assessment as Management Tool for Protected Areas in Developing Countries w.r.t. India,@Environmental Pollution Control Journal, 15(5), 16-18.@No