International Research Journal of Environment Sciences________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414Vol. 3(9), 1-4, September (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 1 Use of Fe2+ and H2 for Treatment of Colored Effluent of Jaipur in Presence of UV Light Ajendra Kumar Gaya College of Engineering, Gaya, INDIAAvailable online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 1st July 2014, revised 17th August 2014, accepted 10th September 2014 AbstractJaipur is one of the potential clusters of handmade paper and textile dyeing .During dyeing process a large amounts of dyestuffs are being used, due to which a substantial amount of color is found in the wastewater emitting from these units. The effluent of these units makes serious environmental problems, so a study was undertaken with an aim to explore techno-feasible method for decolorizing effluent emanating from these textile units. In the scope of this paper, studies have been carried out on decolorization efficiency of Fe 2+ and H (Photo Fenton Process) in presence of UV light on Direct Red dye which is being used in handmade paper and textile units for dyeing purposes. The studies were carried by varying reaction time, initial dye concentration, dosage of ferrous sulphate and dosage of hydrogen peroxide. Keywords: Red dye, ferrous sulphate Introduction Evidence of the use of dyes by mankind has found since the time of the Vedas, however, natural dyes were readily replaced by synthetic dyes with the on-come of the Industrial revolution. This replacement was first carried out due to permanent color and cost effectiveness. Dyes are all around us, they make our society beautiful, but they also bring pollution. So the people have to focus on possible environmental problems caused by dye industries1,2. Textile mills are major consumers of dye and water causing intense water pollution which generates approximately 125–150L wastewater/ kg of textile produced. Annually around 10,000 different synthetic dyes and pigments are produced worldwide and used extensively in textile and printing industries. Recent studies indicated that approximately 12% of synthetic dyes are lost annually during manufacturing and processing operation4, 5. In general, the current practice in textile mills is to discharge the wastewater into the local environment without any treatment. These wastewaters have serious impacts on natural water bodies and land in the surrounding area. A high value of COD, BOD, Particulate matter, sediments and Oil and grease in the effluent has an adverse effect on the marine ecological system. Besides, the improper handling of hazardous chemical content in textile water has very serious impacts on the health and safety of workers. Contact with chemical puts them at the high risk bracket for contracting skin diseases like chemical burns, irritation, ulcers, etc. and even respiratory problems. Colour removal from textile wastewater has also been a matter of considerable interest. In recent years, various Advance oxidation Process, such as ozonation, Fenton, photo-Fenton, /UV, H2//UV, TiO/UV, for degradation of organic compounds in wastewater have been developed. Degradation of organic pollutants by Fenton type processes could be significantly accelerated in the presence of UV irradiation, resulting with complete mineralization of organic. Photo-Fenton Method: The combination of Fe2+ and Hwith light was found to be one of the efficient methods for waste water treatment. The accepted mechanism9,10 of Fenton reaction hydroxyl radicals OH are produced by interaction of H with ferrous salts regenerating Fe2+ and thus, supporting the Fenton process.Fe 2+ + H2 Fe3+ + OH + OH Fe 3+ can react with H2 in the so-called Fenton-like reaction: Fe3+ + HFeOOH2+ + H+ Fe OOH2+ HO2• + Fe2+ Fe3+ + HO2• Fe2+ + O + H+ Photo-Fenton reaction can be driven with photons of low energy, photons that belong to the visible part of the spectrum. The photo reduction of Fe3+ follows the equation: FeOH2+ + Fe2+ + OHMaterial and MethodsThe study initiated with procurement of commercially available direct dyes Red being utilized in textile industry. In this study, photo-Fenton experiments were carried out using the UV reactor operated in batch mode. Then, solutions of concentration ranging from 0.25 to 0.125 g/l have been prepared. The treatment is given for 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes reaction time. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(9), 1-4, September (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 2 Results and DiscussionEffect of different dosages of FeSO and HRed dye solution of 0.25 g/L and 0.125 g/L concentration was reacted in UV reactor for different reaction times. The dosages of FeSOand H2 were changed from 3 g/L to 1.5 g/L in different ratio. Results for different ratios are given in figure 1 and figure 2.It may be observed from figure 1 and 2 that the color removal efficiency is the best for 1.5 g/L of FeSO4 and 3.0 mL/L of dosage and the worst for 3.0 g/L of FeSO4 and 1.5 ml/ L of . The reason behind this trend is that FeSO particles interfere in color removal. Effect of Concentration and Reaction time on color removal at 1.5 g/L of FeSO4 and 3.0 mL/ L of H: The concentration of Red dye is changed from 0.0625 g/L to 0.5 g/L and treated at different time interval. The % color removal of different concentration is given in figure-3. Figure-1 Effect of different dosage of FeSO and H on 0.25g/L Conc. of Red 5 dye Figure-2 Effect of different dosage of FeSO and H on 0.125g/L Conc. of Red dye 102030405060708015304560 3 g/Lof FeSO4 & 3ml/L of H2O2 1.5 g/L of FeSO4 & 3 ml/L of H2O2 1.5 g/L of FeSO4 & 1.5 ml/L of H2O2 3 g/L of FeSO4 & 1.5 ml/L of H2O2 10203040506070809010015304560 1.5 g/L of FeSO4 & 3ml/L of H2O2 1.5 g/L of FeSO4 & 1.5ml/L of H2O2 3 g/L of FeSO4 & 1.5ml/L of H2O2 3 g/L of FeSO4 & 3ml/L of H2O2 International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(9), 1-4, September (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 3 It may be observed from figure-3 that as the concentration of dye decreases the removal efficiency is better and when removal time is increased the removal percentage of dye increases from 28.64 to 94.4 percentages. Kinetics of Color removal: At first, it was assumed that the rate of dye removal is first order. After that reaction rate constant K for different time and concentration was calculated by the following equation11: t ln CA0/CA The rate constant K and ln CAO/CA is given as table-1. Figure-3 Effect of different Concentration of Red 5 dye at different time interval Table-1 Rate constant K value and ln CAO/CTime (min) Red at 509 nm Concentration, g/L Reaction rate constant, K (Sec-1 ) % color removal ln Co/C 1.964 0.125 15 1.222 0.077 0.003 37.78 0.38 30 1.208 0.076 0.016 38.49 0.59 45 0.807 0.0513 0.019 58.91 0.89 60 0.606 0.0385 0.019 69.14 1.17 10203040506070809010015304560 % color removal for 0.5 gpl conc % color removal for 0.25 gpl conc % color removal for 0.125 gpl conc % color removal for 0.0625 gpl conc International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(9), 1-4, September (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 4 The value of rate constant is almost constant for the conc. of 0.125 g/l of red dye. This shows that reaction of color removal for red and blue dye likely to be first order reaction. However, it may be further confirmed by integral method. In integral method a graph is plotted against ln Co/C vs time. The plotted line is a straight line which confirms that the order of reaction is first order. Figure-4 ConclusionThe application of Photo-Fenton-process for wastewater treatment using UV as source of irradiation is a suitable treatment method for industrial applications. It has been observed that asthe reactiontime increases, absorbance of color decreases and percentage colour removal increases. However, there are no remarkable changes in color after 45 minutes reaction time. So reaction time can be optimized to 45 minutes. It has been observed that as the concentration of dye increases, the % color removal efficiency of dye somewhat decreases. So, however in case of poor results with highly colored waste water, dilution of waste water can be explored for better results. The degradation rate was influenced by initial dyes concentrations. 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