@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Study the stress of treated pharmaceutical effluent on Peroxidase, MDA and Proline content of Brown gram (Cicer arietinum) and Moong (Vigna radiata)<#LINE#>@RathiIti,Angoorbala@Bafna<#LINE#>1-4<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-55.pdf<#LINE#>  Dept. of Biochemistry, Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore, MP, INDIA <#LINE#>16/1/2014<#LINE#>11/3/2014<#LINE#>The influence of treated pharmaceutical effluent was studied on Peroxidase activity, MDA and Proline content of Cicer arietinum and Vigna radiata seedlings. Seedlings were raised in petri plates soaked with different dilution of treated pharmaceutical effluent (100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0%). The oxidative stress markers Peroxidase activity, MDA and Proline content were analyzed on 7th day old seedlings. The Peroxidase activity, MDA and Proline content was least in control (100%) as compared to other dilution showing that the treated pharmaceutical effluent had caused oxidative stress in seedlings of Cicer arietinumand Vigna radiata.  <#LINE#> @ @ Kaliyamoorthy J., Influence of pharmaceutical effluents on Seedling vigour, Dry Mass Production of Horse Gram Dolichos biflorus. L.), International Journal of Modern Plant & Animal Sciences(2), 58-66 (2013) @No $ @ @ Noorjahan C.M., Dawood Sharief S.D. and Dawood N., Characterization of dairy effluent, J. Indust. Poll. Control, 20(1), 131-136 (2004) @No $ @ @ Summer J.B. and Gjessing F.C., Arch Biochem, 2, 29 (1943) @No $ @ @ Heath R.L. and Packer L., Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplast I-kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation, .Arch.Biochem.Biophys125,189-198 (1968) @No $ @ @ Bates L.S.,Waldran R.P. and Teare I.D., Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies, Plant soil, 39, 205-208 (1973) @No $ @ @ Matamoras M.A., Dalton D.A., Ramos J., Clemente M.R., Rubio M.C. and Becana M., Biochemistry and Molecular biology of antioxidants in the Rhizobia- legume, Symbiosis, Plant Physiology, 133, 499-509 (2003) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association             4requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry (2003) @No $ @ @ Singh R.P. and Agarwal M., Effect of sewage sludge amendment on heavy metal accumulation and consequent responses of Bete vulgaris , Chemosphere, 67, 2229-2240 (2007) @No $ @ @ Cüneyt A., Esra G. and Okan A., Effect of industrial wastewater on total protein and the peroxidase activity in plants, African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(20), 5445-5448 (2009) @No $ @ @ Davey M.W., Stals E., Panis B., Keulemans J. and Swennen R.L., High-throughput determination of malondialdehyde in plant tissues, Anal Biochem, 7(2), 201-207 (2005) @No $ @ @ Del R.D., Stewart A.J. and Pellegrini N., A review of recent studies on malondialdehyde as toxic molecule and biological marker of oxidative stress, Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 15, 316–328 (2005) @No $ @ @ Singh A. and Agarwal M., Effect of municipal waste water irrigation on availability of heavy metals and morpho-physiological characterstics of Beta vulgarisL., Journal of environment Biology,31(5), 727-736 (2010) @No $ @ @ Zhang F.Q.,Wang Y.S., Lou Z.P. and Dong J.D., Effect of heavy metal stress on antioxidative enzyme and lipid perdoxidation in leaves and root of two mangrove plant seedlings (Kandelia Candel and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza), Chemosphere, 61, 44-50 (2007) @No
<#LINE#>Analysis of Ambient Air Pollution and Determination of Air Quality Status of Udaipur, Rajasthan, India<#LINE#>Neelima@Nair,B.R@Bamniya,@MahechaG.S.,Dhavan@Saini<#LINE#>5-10<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-57.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Environmental Science, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA <#LINE#>13/3/2014<#LINE#>10/6/2014<#LINE#>The present investigation is carried out to analyze the ambient air in Udaipur city and determine the air quality. This investigation represented the assessment of ambient air quality with respect to PM10 (RSPM), SPM, Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) for the year 2013 at three different sites (Industrial, Residential and Urban). The AQIs were calculated using IND-AQI procedure. It has been observed that the calculated AQIs values for SOx and NOx fall under 'good' and 'good-to-moderate' categories. The calculated AQI value of SPM and RSPM for all areas are more than the prescribed standards given by Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi, India. The overall AQI was found to fall under the category 'moderate' and 'poor' owing to RSPM and SPM, respectively. Thus it is observed that SPM is critical pollutant at these three sites in Udaipur. <#LINE#> @ @ Muruganandam B., Nagendra S.M., Air quality in Chennai city. Proceeding of the Brainstorm Workshop on Urban Air Pollution in India, held at IIT Roorkee, 35-39 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kaushik C.P., Ravindra K. and Yadav K., Assessment of Ambient Air Quality in  Urban  Centres  of Haryana  (India)  in  Relation  to  Different  Anthropogenic  Activities and Health Risk,  Environ. Monit. Assess., 122(1-3), 27-40 (2006) @No $ @ @ WHO, Guidelines for Air Quality, World Health Organization, Genewa, (http://www.who.int/peh/) (2000) @No $ @ @ WHO/UNEP Report, Urban Air Pollution in Mega-cities of the World, World Health Organisation and United Nations Environment Programme, Blackwell Publishers, UK (1992) @No $ @ @ Tandon A., Yadav S. and Attri A.K., City-wide Sweeping a Source for Respirable Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 42, 1064-1069 (2008) @No $ @ @ USEPA United States Environmental Protection agency. http://www.epa.gov. (2010) @No $ @ @ Prakash Mamta and Bassin J.K., Analysis Of Ambient Air Quality Using Air Quality Index – A Case Study, Int. J. Adv.. Engg. Tech., I(II) 106-114 (2010) @No $ @ @ Sandhu P.S., Patel U. and Gupta A.B., Exposure to Airborne Particles and their Physical Characterization in Ambient Environment of Jaipur City, Nat .Environ. Poll.Tech. 3(4), 509-514 (2004) @No $ @ @ Joshi P.C., Swami A. and Gangwar K.K., Air Quality Monitoring at Two Selected Traffic Junctions in the City of Haridwar, Him. J. Env. Zool.,20(2), 219-221 (2006) @No $ @ @ Chauhan A. and Joshi P.C., Effect of Ambient Air Pollutants on Wheat and Mustard Crops Growing in the Vicinity of Urban and Industrial Areas, NewYork Sci. J.,3(2), 52-60 (2010) @No $ @ @ Chauhan A. and Pawar M., Assessment of Ambient Air Quality Status in Urbanization, Industrialization and Commercial Centers Of Uttarakhand (India),New York Sci. J.,3(7), 85-94 (2010) @No $ @ @ Jehangir A., Ahmad Dar N., Yousuf A.R. and Hamid Sofi A., Air Quality at Sonamarg - A Tourist Hill Station in Kashmir Valley, India, J. Expt. Sci.,2(6), 18-22 (2011) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association             1013.Reddy M.K., Rao K.G.R. and Rao I.R., Air Quality Status of Visakhapatnam (India)-Indices Basis, Environ. Monit. Assess.,93, 1-12 (2004) @No $ @ @ Senthilnathan T., Status of Respirable Dust Particle (RDP) Concentration-A case study in Chennai City, J. Environ. Biol.,20(2), 425-428 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sharma M., Maheswari M. and Pandey R., Development of Air Quality Index for Data Interpretation and Public Information, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Report submitted to CPCB, Delhi (2001) @No $ @ @ Srinivas J. and Purushotham A.V., Determination of Air Quality Index Status in Industrial areas of Visakhapatnam, India, Res. J. Engg. Sci., 2(6), 13-24, June (2013) @No $ @ @ Central Pollution Control Board, http://www. cpcb.nic.in/standard2.htm (2006) @No
<#LINE#>Activities of selected Enzymes in various Tissues of Pila Globosa under Heat Shock<#LINE#>Malleswar@Dharanikota,@NairAbhinav,Basavaraju@Rama<#LINE#>11-16<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-80.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam Campus, Puttaparthi, Anantapur Dist., AP, INDIA <#LINE#>23/4/2014<#LINE#>31/5/2014<#LINE#>The physiology of Pila globosa (Indian apple snail) under heat shock was analyzed by measuring activities of two anti-oxidative enzymes and one oxidative enzyme in selected tissues. The temperature set points for the experiments were based on the climatic variations the snail gets exposed during an annual period in the specific geographical region. From the tissues of hepatopancreas, gills and foot, the enzyme activities were assessed to understand the compensatory mechanisms the snail utilizes by physiological adjustments. The results indicated that catalase (CAT), Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) had tissue specific variations and play role in homeostasis. The study assumes significance with rising temperatures on earth due to global warming and also supports in understanding adaptive capabilities of these amphibious snails. <#LINE#> @ @ Gordon M.R., McLeay D.J., Effect of photoperiod on seasonal variations in glycogen reserves of juvenile rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A: Physiol., 60, 349-351 (1978) @No $ @ @ Halliwell B., Free radicals and antioxidants: updating a personal view, Nutr. Rew.,70(5), 257-65(2012) @No $ @ @ Krupanidhi S., Raghavaiah K., B.P., N.; Ramamurthi R., Oxidation of glucose-U-14 c and synthesis of glycogen in different tissues of the garden snail, Cryptozona ligulatawith reference to aestivation and starvation, Proc Indian natn SciAcad., 87B, 27-31 (1978) @No $ @ @ Devi S.A., Effects of Aestivation and Rehabilitation on Tissue Catalase Activity of Pila globosa, Proc. Ind. Natn. Sci.Acad., B49, 610-612 (1983) @No $ @ @ Pannunzio, Antioxidant defenses and lipid peroxidation during anoxia stress and aerobic recovery in the marine gastropod Littorina littorea J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 221, 277–292(1998) @No $ @ @ Beers R.F. and Sizer I.W., A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase, J. Biol. Chem, 195(1), 133-40 (1952) @No $ @ @ Pabst M.J., Habig W.H. and Jakoby W.B., Glutathione S-transferase A. A novel kinetic mechanism in which the major reaction pathway depends on substrate concentration, J. Biol. Chem., 249(22), 7131-7139 (1974) @No $ @ @ Bishop M.J., Everse J. and Kaplan N.O., Identification of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes by rapid kinetics, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A., 69(7), 1761-5 (1972) @No $ @ @ Bhandari G., Study on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Measures in Palpa District of Nepal, Int. Res. J. Environmen Sci.,2(3), 15-23 (2013) @No $ @ @ Warade N.V., Levels of Glutathione S - Transferase In Different Larval Tissues of Papilio demoleus,Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(ISC-2011) @No $ @ @ , 313-316 (2012) @No $ @ @ Malanga G., Estevez M.S., Calvo J. and Puntarulo S., Oxidative stress in limpets exposed to different environmental conditions in the Beagle Channel. Aquat. Toxicol.,69(4), 299-309 (2004) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association             16 elicits oxidative stress and antioxidant response in the Antarctic intertidal limpet Nacella concinna, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B.,120425–435 (1998) @No $ @ @ 3.Malanga G., Estevez M.S., Calvo J., Abele D. and Puntarulo S., Oxidative stress in gills of limpets from the Beagle Channel: comparison with limpets from the Antarctic, Sci.Mar., 69(S2), 297-304 (2005) @No $ @ @ 4.Verlecar X.N., Jena K.B. and Chainy G.B., Biochemical markers of oxidative stress in Perna viridis exposed to mercury and temperature, Chem. Biol. Interact.,167 (3), 219-26 (2007) @No $ @ @ 5.Lushchak V.I. and Bagnyukova T.V., Effects of different environmental oxygen levels on free radical processes in fish, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B., 144(3), 283-9 (2006) @No $ @ @ 6.Malleswar D., Pila globosa (Indian Apple Snail) a Sentinel Organism to Monitor Climatic Stress in the Ecosystem: Mechanisms of Adaptation. Ph.D thesis., Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher learning, Prasanthi Nilayam,  (2013) @No $ @ @ 7.Findley R.C., Gillies R.J. and Shulman R.G., In vivo phosphorous 31 NMR reveals lowered ATP during heat shock of tetrahymena, Science, 245(385), 39 (1983) @No $ @ @ 8.Wieser W., The initial stage of anaerobic metabolism in the snail, Helix pomatia L., FEBS Lett.,95(2), 375-8 (1978) @No
<#LINE#>Avifaunal Assemblages in Suburban Habitat of Jammu, J&K, India<#LINE#>P@,@otraA.,D.N.@Sahi<#LINE#>17-24<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-85.pdf<#LINE#>G.G.M Science College Jammu, J&K, INDIA Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, J&K, INDIA <#LINE#>28/4/2014<#LINE#>4/6/2014<#LINE#>The present paper records the avifaunal  assemblages in suburban habitat of  Jammu based on the survey carried from 2011 to 2013. Line transect and point transect methods were used to study the avifaunal diversity in the area under investigation. The study recorded a total of 75 bird species representing 16 orders and  33 families .The suburban study area primarily comprises of agro ecosystem of Jammu. The study area was divided into three habitats i.e Aquatic habitat (AqH), Open cultivation habitat (OCH) and Aerial Habitat (AeH). Results indicate that the avifauna of open cultivation habitat (OCH) is more diverse than the aquatic or aerial habitat. The present paper also deals with the resident/migratory and local abundance status of avifauna of suburban habitat of Jammu. <#LINE#> @ @ Morrison M.L., Marcot B.G. and Mannanhabitat relationships: Concepts and Applications, University of Wisconsin (1992) @No $ @ @ Rotenberry J.T., The use of multivariate statistics in studies of wild life habitat, General Technical report RM87.USDAForest service, Rocky mountain forest and range experiment station, Colorado 29—32 (1981) @No $ @ @ Open Cultivation Habitat Aquatic HabitatMore Than One HabitatAerial Habitat     Figure-5 Showing the no of birds utilizing different habitatsFigure-6 Showing the % of birds utilizing the different habitats B.G. and Mannan R.W., Wildelife Concepts and Applications, The use of multivariate statistics in studies fe habitat, General Technical report RM-87.USDAForest service, Rocky mountain forest and range (1981) @No $ @ @ Richard M. DeGraff and James M. Wentworth., Avian guild structure and habitat associations in sub urban bird 412 (1986) @No $ @ @ 4.Osmoston B.B., Notes on birds of Kashmir, partBomb.Nat. Hist. Soc.,(31) 975-5.Bates R.S.P. and Lowther E.H.H., Breeding Birds of Kashmir, Oxford Univ. Press, London 6.Choudhary, V., Studies on theDistrict of J&K State, Ph.d. ThesisJammu (2002) @No $ @ @ 7.Sharma B., Faunal Diversity of Ramnagar Wild life Sanctuary, Jammu, M.Phil. Dissertation, University of Jammu, Jammu (2003) @No $ @ @ Open Cultivation Habitat 56%Aquatic HabitatMore than One Habitat 7%Aerial Habitat Notes on birds of Kashmir, part-1, J. -999 (1927) @No $ @ @ and Lowther E.H.H., Breeding Birds of Oxford Univ. Press, London (1952) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 248.Ahmed A., Diversity and community structure of the Birds of Tehsil Doda, Jammu, M.Phil. Dissertation,  University of Jammu,  Jammu ( 2004) @No $ @ @ 9.Kumar, S., Diversity of Avian fauna of District Kathua, J&K, Ph.D.Thesis, University of Jammu, Jammu (2006) @No $ @ @ 0.Kumar, S. and Sahi, D. N. 2006. Diversity and Status of avifauna of Jasrota Wildlife Sanctuary, Kathua, J. Himalayan. Ecol. Sustain. Dev., (1) 95-104 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kait R., Studies of Avian and Mammalian diversity of Trikuta Hills, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Jammu, Jammu  (2011) @No $ @ @ 2.Aggarwal S., Ecological Studies of Bird communities of Ramnagar and Nandini Wildlife sanctuaries, Jammu. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Jammu,  Jammu  (2011) @No $ @ @ 3.Kotwal D., Studies on Vertebrate Diversity of Surinsar-Mansar WildLife Sanctuary, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Jammu  (2012) @No $ @ @ 4.Sale J.B. and Berkmuller K., Manual of Wildlife techniques for India, Food and Agriculture Organisation of United Nations, Dehradun (1988) @No $ @ @ 5.Verner J., Assessment of counting chniques, Current Ornithology, (2) 247-302 (1985) @No $ @ @ 6.Ali S. and Repley S.D., Handbook of Birds of India and Pakistan, Compact Edition, Oxford University Press, Bombay (1983) @No $ @ @ 7.Ali S., The Book of Indian Birds (12th  enlarged centenary edition), J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. Oxford Univ. Press,  New Delhi (1996) @No $ @ @ 8.Grewal B., Harvey B. and Pfister O., A photographic guide to the Birds of India, Periplus Edition (HK) Ltd., Singapore (2002) @No $ @ @ 19.Grimmett R., Inskipp C. and Inskipp T., Birds of Indian Subcontinent, Oxford University Press, Delhi, (1998) @No $ @ @ 0.O’Connor, R. and Shrubb, M., Farming and birds, Cambridge University Press (1986) @No $ @ @ 1.Gering J.C. and Blair R.B., Predation on artificial bird nests along an urban gradient: predatory risk or relaxation in urban environments? Ecography.,(22)  532–541(1999) @No $ @ @ Koul S. and Sahi, Feeding ecology of House Crow (Corvus splendens) in open Agricultural fields in Jammu (J&K), India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(6) 85-87 (2013) @No $ @ @ 3.Anthal A. and Sahi D.N., Food and feeding ecology of Jungle Babbler, Turdoides striatus sindianus (Ticehurst) in District Jammu (J&K), India., Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(7) 54-57 (2013) @No $ @ @ 4. Khan M.A., Avifauna of Kaghan Valley Northwest Frontier Province, Pakistan, Tigerpaper., 29(3), 16-19 (2002) @No
<#LINE#>Cadmium uptake and Phytoremediation potential of three Aquatic Macrophytes of Meghalaya, India<#LINE#>@MarbaniangD.,S.S.@Chaturvedi<#LINE#>25-32<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-87.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Studies, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022, INDIA<#LINE#>2/5/2014<#LINE#>16/6/2014<#LINE#>Laboratory experiments were performed to evaluate the Cd uptake capacity by three aquatic macrophytes (Scripus mucronatus, Rotala rotundifolia and Myriophyllum intermedium). The selected macrophytes were transferred to the laboratory containing nutrient solution and working Cd standard solutions of different concentrations (1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 and 16 mg L-1 and harvested at regular time interval of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The Cd uptake by these macrophytes showed a linear relationship for S. mucronatus and for R. rotundifolia with the exposure time period (2–10 d). Cd accumulation in the plant parts was higher in the roots for S. mucronatus but reverse in the case of R. rotundifolia and M. intermedium. The maximum bioconcentration factor (BCF)  values were found at the 8th day in all the three aquatic macrophytes and translocation factor (TF) was at the 2nd day for S. mucronatus and R. rotundifolia and at the 10th day for M. intermedium respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that these three aquatic macrophytes have a phytoremediation potential for removing Cd from Cd-contaminated water. <#LINE#> @ @ Kaplan I.R., Sulphur cycle, In R. W. Fairbridge (ed), The Encyclopedia of Geochemistry and Environmental Sciences, 1148-1152 (1972) @No $ @ @ Rebhun M. and Galil N., Wastewater treatment technologies. In: L. Zirm and J. Mayer (eds), The Management of Hazardous Substances in the Environment, 85–102 (1990) @No $ @ @ Weiss J., Hondzom M., Biesbor D. and Semmen M., Laboratory study of heavy metal phytoremediation by three wetland macrophytes, Int. J. Phytorem., , 245-259 (2006) @No $ @ @ Maine M.A., Duarte M.V. and Sune N.L., Cadmium uptake by Pistia stratiotes, Water Res., 35(11), 2629-2634 (2001) @No $ @ @ Hoagland D.R. and Arnon D.I., The water-culture method for growing plants without soil, Calif. Agric. Exp. STN., 3471-32 (1950) @No $ @ @ Kara Y. and Zeytunluoglu A., Bioaccumulation of Toxic Metals (Cd and Cu) by Groenlandia densa (L.) Fourr, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 79, 609–612 (2007) @No $ @ @ Zayed A., Gowthaman S. and Terry N., Phytoaccumulation of trace elements by wetlands. I. Duckweed, J Environ Qual., 27, 339–344 (1998) @No $ @ @ Deng H., Ye Z.H. and Wong M.H., Accumulation of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium by 12 wetland plant species thriving in metal-contaminated sites in China, Environ. Pollut., 132, 29-40 (2004) @No $ @ @ Fritioff A. and Greger M., Fate of cadmium in Elodea Canadensis, Chemosphere., 67365–375 (2007) @No $ @ @ Siedlecka A. and Krupa Z., Cd/Fe interaction in higher plants – its consequences for the photosynthetic apparatus, Photosynthetica., 36, 321-331 (1997) @No $ @ @ Sersen F., Clik G., Havranek E. and Sykorova M., Bio-remediation by natural zeolite in plants cultivated in a heavy metalcontaminated medium, Fresenius Environ. Bull., 14, 13-17 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sasmaz A., Obek E. and Hasar H., The accumulation of heavy metals in Typha latifolia L. grown in a stream carrying secondary effluent, Ecol. Engineer., 33(3–4), 278–284 (2008) @No $ @ @ Hussain K., Abdussalam A. K., Chandra R. P. and Salim N., Heavy metal accumulation potential and medicinal property of Bacopa monnieri- a paradox, J. Stress Physiol Biochem.,7(4), 39-50 (2011) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 3214.Crowder A. and St-Cyr L., Iron oxide plaques on wetland roots. Trends in Soil Sci., , 315-329 (1991) @No $ @ @ Xie Y. and Yu D., The significance of lateral roots in phosphorus (P) acquisition of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), Aquat. Bot., 75, 311–321 (2003) @No $ @ @ Stoltz E. and Greger M., Accumulation properties of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by four wetland plant species growing on submerged mine tailings, Environ. Exp. Bot., 47(3), 271–280 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ali N.A., Pilar M. B. and Ater M., Tolerance and bioaccumulation of cadmium by Phragmites australis grown in the presence of elevated concentrations of cadmium, copper and zinc, Aquat. Bot., 80, 163–176 (2004) @No $ @ @ Phetsombat S., Kruatrachue M., Pokethitiyook P. and Upatham S., Toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium and lead in Salvinia cucullata, J. Environ. Biol, 27(4), 645-652 (2006) @No $ @ @ Hadad H.R., Mufarrege M.M., Pinciroli M., Di Luca G.A. and Maine M.A., Morphological response of Typha domingensis to an industrial effluent containing heavy metals in a constructed wetland Arch Environ Contam Toxicol., 58(3), 666-75 (2010) @No $ @ @ Dunbabin J.S. and Bowmer K.H., Potential use of constructed wetlands for treatment of industrial waste waters containing metals Sci. Total Environ., , 151–168(199221.Zayed A, Lytle C.M., Qian J.H. and Terry N., Chromium accumulation, translocation and chemical speciation in vegetable crops, Panta., 206(2), 293–299 (1998) @No $ @ @ Abhilash P.C., Pandey V.C., Srivastava P., Rakesh P.S., Chandran S., Singh N. and Thomas A.P., Phytofiltration of cadmium from water by Limnocharis flava(L.) Buchenau grown in free-floating culture system, J. Hazard. Mater., 170(2–3)791–797 (2009) @No $ @ @ 3.Fritioff A., Kautsky L. and Greger M., Influence of temperature and salinity on heavy metal uptake by submersed plants, Environ. Pollut., 133, 265-274 (2005) @No $ @ @ 4.Yanqun Z., Yuan L., Jianjun C., Haiyan C., Li Q. and Schvartz C., Hyperaccumulation of Pb, Zn and Cd in herbaceous grown on lead-zinc mining area in Yunnan, China, Environ. Int., 31, 755-762 (2005) @No $ @ @ 5.Zhao F.J., Hamon R.E., Lombi E., McLaughlin M.J. and McGrath S. P., Characteristics of cadmium uptake in two contrasting ecotypes of the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens, J. Exp. Bot., 53, 535-543 (2002) @No $ @ @ 6.Lasat M.M., Pence N.S., Garvin D.F., Ebbs S.D. and Kochian L.V., Molecular physiology of zinc transport in zinc hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens, J. Exp. Bot., 51, 71-79 (2000) @No $ @ @ 7.Yoon J., Cao X, Zhou Q. and Ma L.Q., Accumulation of Pb, Cu, and Zn in native plants growing on a contaminated Florida site, Sci. Total. Environ., 368, 456-464 (2006) @No $ @ @ 8.Macfarlane G.R. and Burchett M.D., Cellular distribution of copper, lead and zinc in the grey mangrove, Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh, Aquat. Bot., 68, 45-69 (2000) @No $ @ @ 9.Demirezen D. and Aksoy A., Accumulation of heavy metals in Typha angustifolia (L.) and Potamogeton pectinatus (L.) living in Sultan Marsh (Kayseri, Turkey),Chemosphere., 56, 685–696 (2004) @No $ @ @ 30.Qian J.H., Zayed A., Zhu Y.L., Yu M. and Terry N., Phytoaccumulation of trace elements by wetland plants: III. Uptake and accumulation of ten trace elements by twelve plant species, Journal of Environ. Qual., 28, 1448–1455 (1999) @No
<#LINE#>Status and Conservation of Raptors in and Around Navegaon National Park Maharashtra India<#LINE#>@PaliwalG.T.,Bh@,S.V.@arkar<#LINE#>33-37<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-89.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Zoology, S. S. Jaiswal College, Arjuni/Mor. Dist. Gondia. 441 701, MS, INDIA Dept. of Zoology, M. B. Patel College, Deori. Dist. Gondia. 441 901, MS, INDIA <#LINE#>7/5/2014<#LINE#>16/5/2014<#LINE#>Navegaon National Park is one of the key conservation areas for wildlife and well known for its avian diversity. In the avifaunal composition the Raptors as top predators have most integral part to maintain the ecosystem proper. Due to the various threats found in and around the park, their status survey was done and the conservation measures according to their conservation needs were discussed. In the present investigation, 38 species of the Raptors were recorded from the Park and surrounding area. In total recorded 38 species, 10 species were common, 11 were uncommon, 05 were occasional, 04 were rare and 08 species were found to be winter visitors. Various threats like sporadic fire, cattle grazing and illegal NTFP (Non Timber Forest Product) collection by local communities affecting the safe nesting, roosting sites and prey base and ultimately the population size. <#LINE#> @ @ Guideline for raptors conservation, http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wld/BMP/bmpintro.html (2013) @No $ @ @ Ali S. and S.D. Ripley,Compact handbook of the Birds of India, Pakistan, together with those of Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Srilanka. Oxford University press, New Delhi, 737+ 104 plates. (1987) @No $ @ @ Taigore S.R., Sighting of Eurasian griffon Gyps fulvus and conservation of vultures in North Madhya Pradesh, India. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 2(2), 026-029 (2010) @No $ @ @ Lees J.F. and David A., Christie, Raptors of the world. Haughton Mifflin Company, Boston, New York- 215, Park Avenue South (2001) @No $ @ @ Ali S. and S.D. Ripley,Compact handbook of the Birds of India, Pakistan, together with those of Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Srilanka. Oxford University press, New Delhi, 737+ 104 plates. (1987) @No $ @ @ Inskipp T.N., Lindsey and W. Duckworth, An annotated checklist of the birds of Oriental region. Sandy, U.K: Oriental Bird Club (1996) @No $ @ @ Manakadan R. and A. Pittie, Standardized common and scientific names of the birds of the Indian subcontinent. Buceros., 6(1), 1-37 (2001) @No $ @ @ Grewal B., Birds of the Indian subcontinent. Local color limited, Hong Kong, 215 (2000) @No $ @ @ IUCN global conservation status, http://www.iucn.org 2008) 10.Paliwal G.T., Observations on Aquatic and Terrestrial biodiversity at Navegaon National park, Dist. Gondia, Maharashtra. PhD Thesis submitted to R.T.M. Nagpur University, 174 (2013) @No $ @ @ Birdlife International, Sarcogyps calvus. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. http:// www.iucnredlist.org 2007) 12.Birdlife International,Neophron percnopterus. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. http:// www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/144347 (2009) @No $ @ @ 3.Birdlife International, Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. http:// www.iucnredlist.org (2004) @No $ @ @ 4.Bhandarkar S. V., Aranyadah (Marathi Literature) ISBN 978-93-5156-800-1. 108 (2014) @No $ @ @ 5.Geetanjoy S., Implications of Indian Supreme Court’s Innovations for Environmental Jurisprudence, Law, Environment and Development Journal, 4(1), 1–19 (2008) @No $ @ @ 6.Ussain Saheb S., Seshaiah S. and Viswanath B. Environment and Their Legal Issues in India, Int. Res. J., Environment Sci. 1(3), 44-51, (2012) @No $ @ @ 7.Pradhan R.N., Das U.P., Mohapatra R.K. and Mishra A.K., Checklist of Birds in and Around Ansupa Lake, Odisha, India. Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. 2(11), 9-12. (2013) @No $ @ @ 8.Fardila D. and Sjarmidi A., Bird distribution along environmental gradients In North Bandung, West Java. Res.  J. Sciences., 1(ISC-2011) @No $ @ @ , 23-32 (2012) @No $ @ @ 9.Ghadage M. K., Theurkar S. V. and Patil S. B., Ecological and Biogeographical Features of Khed Tahasil, Pune District. MS, India, Res. J. Recent. Sci. 3(ISC-2013) @No $ @ @ , 33-37 (2014) @No
<#LINE#>Air Quality Monitoring of some Gaseous Pollutants at selected points in Gullberg II, Lahore, Pakistan<#LINE#>A.@Abrar,W.@Sundas,@PerveenF.,M.@Habib<#LINE#>38-47<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-93.pdf<#LINE#> Lahore College for Women University, Department of Environmental Science, Lahore, PAKISTAN <#LINE#>20/5/2014<#LINE#>29/5/2014<#LINE#>The research study was based on air quality monitoring at selected point in Gullberg II, Lahore, Pakistan. Gaseous pollutants selected for Air quality assessment were Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide and Ozone. Ambient HC Analyzer was used for monitoring of air quality and the data on the daily basis (24 Hours) for the period of four months (January –April, 2011) was collected. Results revealed that Nitrogen dioxide (NO) and Ozone (O) were found to be in concentrations higher than the NAAQS (National Ambient Air Quality Standards, Pakistan) at most of the selected points while Carbon Monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO) were found to be within the permissible limits according to the standards. Highest Concentrations of NO, SO, CO, O during four months of monitoring was 220µg/m, 118µg/m, 7.74 µg/m, 212 µg/m3 respectively. These values were higher than NAAQS permissible limit which are 80µg/m, 120µg/m, 5 µg/m, 180µg/m3 for 24 hours for NO, SO, CO, O3 respectively. Concentration of different pollutants has fluctuation while the Nitrogen dioxide (NO) and Ozone (O) concentrations were found to be high throughout the monitoring period. The results of Air Quality Index about the air quality of Gullberg II shows that two months (March & April) showed unhealthy and Hazardous condition due to weather conditions enhancing (sunlight, high temperature, humidity etc.) the effects of  gaseous pollutants.  <#LINE#> @ @ Kaushik C.P., Ravindra K., Yadav K., Mehta S. and Haritash A.K., Assessment of ambient air quality in urban centres of Haryana (India) in relation to different anthropogenic activities and health risks, Environ. Monit. Assess, 122(1-3), 27-40 (2006) @No $ @ @ Mayer H., Kalberlah F. and Ahrens D., An impact-related airquality index obtained on a daily basis. Proc. Fourth Symposium on the Urban Environment, Norfolk, Virginia, American Meteorological Society, 80-81 (2000) @No $ @ @ Lozano A., Usero J., Vanderlinden E., Raez J., Contreras J., Navarrete B. and Bakouri H., Design of air quality monitoring networks and its application to NO2 and O3 in Cordova, Spain, Microchemical Journal, 93(2), 211-219 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mayer H., Kalberlah F., Ahrens D. and Reuter U., Analysis of indices for the assessment of the air, Gefahrstoffe-Reinhaltung der Luft, 62, 177-18 (2002) @No $ @ @ Samoli E., Nastos P.T., Paliatsos A.G., Katsouyanni K. and Priftis K.N., Acute effects of air pollution on pediatric asthma exacerbation: Evidence of association and effect modification, Environ Res, 111(3), 418-424 (2011) @No $ @ @ Colvile R.N., Hutchison E.J., Mindell J.S. and Warren R.F., The transport sector as a source of air pollution, Atmos. Environ, 35(9), 1537-1565 (2011) @No $ @ @ EPA, Pakistan, Measurement of NO2 concentration in different cities of Pakistan using Diffusion samplers (Karachi, Islamabad, Peshawar, Lahore and Quetta), Lahore, Environmental Protection Agency (2006)(document Pak-EPA/JICA) @No $ @ @ Schwela D., Kephalopoulos S. and Prasher D., Confounding or aggravating factors in noise-induced health effects: Air pollutants and other stressors, Noise and Health, 7(28), 41-50 (2005) @No $ @ @ Schwela D., Haq G., Huinzenga C., Han W., Febian H. and Ajero M., Urban Air pollution in Asian cities: Satus challenge and Management, Earthscan, Bombay, India (2008) @No $ @ @ Ising H., Lange-Asschenfeldt H., Lieber G.F., Weinhold H. and Eilts M., Respiratory and dermatological diseases in children with long-term exposure to road traffic emissions, Noise and Health, 5(9), 41-50 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ristovski Z.D., Jayaratne E.R., Morawska L., Ayoko G.A. and Lim M., Particle and carbon dioxide emissions from passenger vehicles operating on unleaded petrol and LPG fuel, Sci. Total Environ, 345(1-3), 93-98 (2005) @No $ @ @ Atkinson R., Atmospheric chemistry of VOCs and NOx, Atmos. Environ, 34 (12-14), 2063-2101 (2000) @No $ @ @ Lopez R.P. and Hynes H.P., Obesity, physical activity, and the urban environment: public health research needs, Environ. Health, 5(25), (2006) @No $ @ @ Nafstad P., Håheim L.L., Wisløff T., Gram F., Oftedal B., Holme I., Hjermann I. and Leren P., Urban air pollution and mortality in a cohort of Norwegian men, Environ. Health Perspective, 112(5), 610–615 (2004) @No $ @ @ Gonçalves F.L., Carvalho L.M., Conde F.C., Latorre M.R., Saldiva P.H. and Braga A.L., The effects of air pollution and meteorological parameters on respiratory morbidity during the summer in São Paulo City, Environ. Int, 31(3), 343-349 (2005) @No
<#LINE#>Removal of Phenol from Wastewater Using Chemically Treated Coconut Stalk: (Cocosnucifera)<#LINE#>Shajahan@GirishC.R.andSwaroopM.<#LINE#>48-55<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-95.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Manipal University, Manipal – 576104, INDIA <#LINE#>15/5/2014<#LINE#>8/6/2014<#LINE#>In the present work, the potential of coconut stalk, an agricultural material reused as adsorbent for the phenol removal from wastewater was investigated. The influence of different experimental parameters on the adsorption was investigated. The experimental data were analysed by the various isotherm models. The data were found to follow Freundlich model showing that the process was physical adsorption. The kinetic data were tested by different kinetic equations. The kinetic data obeyed pseudo-first-order kinetic equation. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was found to be 38.24 mg/g.  <#LINE#> @ @ Banat, F. A., Al-Bashir B, Al-Asheh S., and Hayajneh O., Adsorption of phenol by bentonite, Environ. Pollut.,107(3), 391-398 (2000) @No $ @ @ Polat H., Molva M and Polat M, Capacity and mechanism of phenol adsorption on lignite,Int. J. Miner. Process, 79, 264–273 (2006) @No $ @ @ Melo J.S., Kholi, S., Patwardhan, A. W., and D’Souza, S. F., Effect of oxygen transfer limitations in phenol biodegradation. Process Biochem, 40(2), 625-628 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sathishkumar, M., Binupriya, A. R., Kavitha, D., and Yun, S. E., Kinetic and isothermal studies on liquid-phase adsorption of 2, 4-dichlorophenol by palm pith carbon, Bioresour. Technol., 98(4), 866-873(2007) @No $ @ @ Girish C R and RamachandraMurtyV , Review of various treatment methods for the abatement of phenolic compounds from wastewater,  J Env. Sc. and Engg., 54(2), 306-316 (2012) @No $ @ @ Girish C R and RamachandraMurty V, Removal of Phenol from Wastewater in Packed Bed and Fluidised Bed Columns: A Review, Int Res J Env Sc., 2(10), 96-100 (2013) @No $ @ @ Girish C R and RamachandraMurty V, Studies on adsorption of phenol from wastewater by agricultural waste, J Env. Sc. and Engg., 55(3), 275-282 (2013) @No $ @ @ Girish C.R, and RamachandraMurty V,, Review on adsorption of phenol from wastewater using locally available adsorbents, J Environ. Res.and Dev., 6 (3A), 763-772 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rengaraj S., Moon S.H., Sivabalan R., Arabindoo B. and Murugesan V. , Removal of phenol from aqueous solution and resin manufacturing industry wastewater using an agricultural waste: rubber seed coat,J. Hazard. Mat., B89, 185-196 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kumar S., Mohanty K. and Meikap B.C., Removal of phenol from dilute aqueous solutions in a multistage bubble column adsorber using activated carbon prepared from Tamarindusindica wood, J. Environ. protect. science, , 1 - 7 (2010) @No $ @ @ Gulbeyi D., Handan C. and Dursun A.Y., Adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution by using carbonised beet pulp, J. Hazard. Mater, B(125), 175-182 (2005) @No $ @ @ Namasivayam, C., and Kavitha, D., IR, XRD and SEM studies on the mechanism of adsorption of dyes and phenols by coir pith carbon from aqueous phase, Microchem. J., 82(1), 43-48 (2006) @No $ @ @ Shiundu P.M., Mbui D.N., Ndonye R.M. and Kamau G.N., Adsorption and detection of some phenolic compounds by rice husk ash of Kenyan origin, J. Environ. Monit.,, 978- 984 (2002) @No $ @ @ Laurence L.C., Ngoc H.P., Sebastien R., Catherine F., Pierre L.C. and Thanh H.N., Production of fibrous activated carbons from natural cellulose (jute, coconut) fibers for water treatment applications, Carbon, 44 (12), 2569-2577 (2006) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 5515.Tan, I. A. W., Ahmad, A. L., and Hameed, B. H., Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbons from coconut husk using response surface methodology,Chem. Eng. J., 137(3), 462-470 (2008) @No $ @ @ Malkoc, E., Nuhoglu, Y., and Abali, Y., Cr (VI) adsorption by waste acorn of Quercusithaburensis in fixed beds: Prediction of breakthrough curves. Chem. Eng. J., 119(1), 61-68 (2006) @No $ @ @ Hameed, B. H., and Rahman, A. A., Removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from biomass material. J. Hazard. Mater.,160(2) , 576-581 (2008) @No $ @ @ Srivastava, V. C., Swamy, M. M., Mall, I. D., Prasad, B., and Mishra, I. M., Adsorptive removal of phenol by bagasse fly ash and activated carbon: equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics. Colloids Surf., A, 272(1) , 89-104 (2006) @No $ @ @ Baek, M. H., Ijagbemi, C. O., & Kim, D. S., Removal of Malachite Green from aqueous solution using degreased coffee bean,J. Hazard. Mater.,176(1), 820-828 (2010) @No $ @ @ Rengaraj, S., Moon, S. H., Sivabalan, R., Arabindoo, B., and Murugesan, V, Agricultural solid waste for the removal of organics: adsorption of phenol from water and wastewater by palm seed coat activated carbon,Waste Manage., 22(5), 543-548 (2002) @No $ @ @ Langmuir. I., The Constitution and fundamental properties of solids and liquids. Part I. Solids.,J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 38(11), 2221-2295 (1916) @No $ @ @ Y.S. Ho, C.T. Huang and Huang. H. W., Equilibrium sorption isotherm for metal ions on tree fern, Process Biochem., 37, 1421–1430 (2002) @No $ @ @ Freundlich H.M.F., Over the adsorption in solution, J. Phys. Chem., 57, 385–470 (1906) @No $ @ @ Temkin.M.J. andPyzhev. V., Recent modifications to Langmuir Isotherms, ActaPhysiochim. USSR, 12, 217–222 (1940) @No $ @ @ S. Lagergren, About the theory of so-called adsorption of soluble substances,KungligaSvenskaVetenskHandl.,  24 , 1–39 (1898) @No $ @ @ Mahvi, A. H., Maleki, A. andEslami, A. K. B. A. R., Potential of rice husk and rice husk ash for phenol removal in aqueous systems, Am J ApSc, 1(4), 321 (2004) @No $ @ @ Bhatnagar, A., and Minocha, A. K., Adsorptive removal of 2, 4-dichlorophenol from water utilizing Punicagranatum peel waste and stabilization with cement, J. Hazard. Mater.,168(2), 1111-1117 (2009) @No $ @ @ Y.S. Ho, G. McKay, Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes, ProcessBiochem., 34 ,451–465 (1999) @No $ @ @ Jr W.J. and Morriss Weber J.C., Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution, J. Sanit. Eng. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng.,89 , 31–60 (1963) @No
<#LINE#>Estimation of Biomass and Carbon Sequestration of Trees in Informally Protected Areas of Rajouri, J&K, India<#LINE#>B@,@anaGupta,Sharma@Sanjay<#LINE#>56-61<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-98.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, J&K, INDIA<#LINE#>18/5/2014<#LINE#>30/5/2014<#LINE#>Conservation of natural resources through traditional beliefs and practices is an ancient practice and forms an important link between biological diversity and cultural diversity. The study examines the role of informally protected areas in maintaining diversity and carbon sequestration of tree species in 40 different sites of Rajouri Tehsil. Firstly, an inventory of trees species was prepared in the study area through field survey. To assess carbon sequestration and total biomass in the tree species, the mean above and belowground organic carbon (tones/tree) and total organic carbon of each species were calculated. A total of 53 tree species comprising of 629 individuals have been recorded in the study area.  Olea ferruginea species was dominant with 161 trees and sequestered 34.52 tons of carbon in its standing biomass, followed by Pinus roxburghii (20.7 tons). Zanthoxyllum armatum had the lowest carbon sequestration potential (0.1 tons). <#LINE#> @ @ Gadgil  M. and Vartak V.D., Sacred Groves of India- A plea for continued conservation, Journal, Bombay Natural History Society,72(2), 313-326 (1974) @No $ @ @ Rashid A., Anand V.K. and Serwar, J., Less known wild edible plants used by the Gujjar Tribe of District Rajouri, J&K, India,  International Journal of Botany, 4(2), 219-224 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ganesan S., Ponnuchamy M., Kesavan  L. and Selvaraj, A., Floristic Composition and Practices on the selected Sacred Groves of Pallapatty village (Reserved Forest), Tamil Nadu, Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge,8(2), 154-162 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ostrom E., IFRI Field Manual Version 10.5. 2002. International Forestry Resources and Institutions Research Program Indiana University, Worskshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, (1998) @No $ @ @ Hangarge L. M., Kulkarni D. K., Gaikwad V. B., Mahajan D. M. and Chaudhari N., Carbon Sequestration potential of tree species in Somjaichi Rai (Sacred grove) at Nandghur village, in Bhor region of Pune District, Maharashtra State, India, Annals of Biological Research,3(7), 3426-3429 (2012) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 59 Gujrat, International Journal of Plant Sciences,6(2), 362-366 (2011) @No $ @ @ Saini  D. C., Kulshreshtha K., Kumar S., Gond D. K. and Mishra G. K., Conserving Biodiversity Based on Cultural and Religious Values, National Conference on Forest Biodiversity: Earth’s Living Treasure, pp: 145-152 (2011) @No $ @ @ Swamy P. S., Kumar M. and Sundarapandian S.M., The Spiritual, Socio-Cultural and Ecological Status of Sacred Groves in Tamil Nadu, India, Unasylva, 213 54: 53-58 (2003) @No
<#LINE#>Effect of Sugar mill on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Groundwater of Surrounding Area<#LINE#>@YadavAnoop,Renu@Daulta<#LINE#>62-66<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-102.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar-125001, Haryana, INDIA<#LINE#>22/5/2014<#LINE#>10/6/2014<#LINE#>The present study was aimed to determine the impacts of sugar industry on ground water quality of area around the sugar industry. In villages, town and cities most of the population totally depend on the ground water for drinking purposes, domestic as well as for agriculture use, hence quality of ground water is extremely essential and must be analyzed. Ground water sample is compared with the prescribed standard of drinking water given by BIS. Ground water sampling is done in 10 different locations around sugar mill. Various physicochemical parameters is determined using standard method  like colour, taste, odour, temperature, pH, Alkalinity, TDS, TSS, TS, DO, COD and BOD. Results of analysis indicated that some parameter like Alkalinity, TDS, COD and DO does not satisfy the BIS limits of drinking water. <#LINE#> @ @ Sharma S. and Thakkar A., A study to Assess the effect of Ground water Quality and its Impact on Human health of People of Indore City, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci.,3(1), 43-45 (2014) @No $ @ @ Deshmukh K.K., Impact of Human Activities on the Quality of Groundwater from Sangamner Area, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(8), 66-74 (2013) @No $ @ @ Janeshwar Y., Pathak R.K. and Khan E., Analysis of Water Quality using Physico-Chemical Parameters, Satak Reservoir in Khargone District, MP, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(1), 9-11 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ramesh K. and Elango L., Groundwater quality and its suitability for domestic and agricultural use in Tondiar river basin, Tamil Nadu, India, Environ Monit Assess.,184(6),3887-3899 (2012) @No $ @ @ Pondhe G.M., Patil S.F. and Dhambare J., Journal of pollution research; 191-195 (1992) @No $ @ @ Kumar V. and Chopra A.K., Inuence of sugar mill efuent on physico-chemical characteristics of soil at Haridwar (Uttarakhand), India, J. of Appl. Nat. Sci.,2(2), 269–279(2010) @No $ @ @ Ayyasamy P.M., Yasodha R., Rajakumar S., Lakshmanaperumalsamy P.K.S.M. Rahman P., and Sanghoon L., Impact of sugar factory effluent on the growth and biochemical characteristics of terrestrial and aquatic plants, Bull. of Environ Cont. and Toxicol.,81,449–454 (2008) @No $ @ @ Tauseef S.M., Abbasi T., and Abbasi S. A., Energy recovery from wastewaters with high-rate anaerobic digesters, Renewable and Sust. Energy Reviews,19, 704–741 (2013) @No $ @ @ Parande A.K., Sivashanmugam A., Beulah H. and Palaniswamy N., Performance evaluation of low cost adsorbents in reduction of COD in sugar industrial effluent, J. of Hazard. Mater.,168: 800–805 (2009) @No $ @ @ Hampannavar U.S. and C.B. Shivayogimath C.B., Anaerobic treatment of sugar industry wastewater by upow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor at ambient temperature, Internat. J. of Environ. Sci.,1(4), 631–639 2010)11.Anupama S., Pradeep NV and Hampannavar US., Anaerobic followed by aerobic treatment approaches for spent wash using MFC and RBC, Sugar Tech., 15(2), 197-202 (2013) @No $ @ @ 2.Tariq M., Ali V. and Shah Z., Characteristics of industrial effluents and their possible impacts on quality of underground water. Soil & Environ., 25(1), 64-69 (2006) @No $ @ @ 3.Hariharan A.V.L.N.S.H., Evaluation of Ground water quality in the vicinity of  indalferroalloys corporation, Visakhapatnam, J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 3(3), 93-97 (2011) @No $ @ @ 4.Deshmukh K.K., Assessment of ground water quality in Sangamner area for sustainable agricultural water uses planning, Int. J. Chem. Sci., 9(3), 1486-1500 (2011) @No $ @ @ 5.Agale M.C., Patel N.G. and  Patil A.G., Impact of sugar industry effluents on the quality of ground water from Dahiwad Village, Dist-Dhule (M.S.) Schol. Res Lib. Archives of Appl. Sci. Res.,5(2), 58-60 (2013) @No $ @ @ 6.Chhaya V.W., Sudarshan J.K., Haribhau R.A. and Shashikant R.K., Physico-Chemical Analysis of Ground Water in Pravara Area, District Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. Rasayan Journal.Chem., 2(1), 234-242 (2009) @No $ @ @ 7.Nithulal K. P, Karthikeyan K,  Praveesh V, Devi V, Suriyanarayanan S and Vijay Kumar V. Drinking Water Quality Assessment of Ground Waters of Bhachau Kachchh, Gujarat, India with special reference to major Anions and Cations. Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. Vol. 3(5), 67-72 (2014) @No $ @ @ 8.Pandey S.K. and Tiwari S., Physico-chemical analysis of ground water of selected area of Ghazipur city-A case study, Nature and Sci., 7(1), 17-20 (2009) @No $ @ @ 9.Tariq M.M., Khuhawar M., Ahmad M and Jahangir J M., Effects of spent wash of ethanol industry on groundwater: A case study of Rahimyar Khan district, Pakistan. J. of Environ. Sci. and Water Resour.,1(4), 85 -94 (2012) @No $ @ @ 20.Nasrullah, RafiaNaz, HamidaBibi, MudassarIqbal and Durrani M. Pollution load in industrial effluent and ground water of GadoonAmazaiInduatrial Estate (Gaie) Swabi, NWFP. J. of Agricul. and Biol. Sci.,  (3), 18-24 (2006) @No $ @ @ 1.Olajumoke A., Oluwatosin A., Olumuyiwa O. and Abimbola F., Impact Assessment of Brewery effluent on water quality in Majawe, Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria. http://www.sciencepub.net/researche., 2(5), 21-28 (2010) @No $ @ @ Usharani K., Umarani K., Ayyasamy, P M., Shanthi, K and Lakshmanaperumalsamy, P., Physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of Noyyalriver and ground water quality of Perur, India, J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage.  Vol. 14 (2), 29 – 35 (2011) @No $ @ @ 3.Pawar N J., Pondhe G M. and Patil S F., Groundwater pollution due to sugar-mill effluent, at Sonai, Maharashtra, India. Environ. Geo. 34 (2/3) 151-158 (1997) @No $ @ @ 4.Mohamed Hanipha M. and Zahir Hussain A.,Study of Groundwater Quality at Dindigul Town, Tamilnadu, India, Internat. Res. J. of Environ. Sci.,2(1), 68-73 (2013) @No
<#LINE#>Quantification of fat in Chickens feather Meal for its conversion into Biodiesel<#LINE#>Amber@Aleem,@AslamFakhra,Ammara@Shahid<#LINE#>67-74<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-104.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Environmental Science, Lahore College for Women University, Jail road, Lahore PAKISTAN <#LINE#>22/5/2014<#LINE#>11/6/2014<#LINE#>Increased demand of fuel due to rapid increment in urbanization has led to the depletion of non-renewable resources. To combat this situation and reduce the negative environmental consequences of fossil fuels, alternative biofuels from renewable resources have been a focus of intensive research. Biodiesels; a diesel replacement, are derived usually from renewable feedstock like vegetable oils and animal fats. However, different animal based waste products can also be utilized to produce biodiesels, which also has an advantage of minimizing waste and reducing environmental pollution. Therefore, the present study is aimed to introduce new, environmental friendly and cost-effective processes of biodiesel production through fat extracted from feather meal by transesterification process. Different parameters of feather meal (i.e. extracted fat and recovered fat) were investigated to show their potential of conversion into biodiesel. Moreover, the fuel properties like acid value, relative density, kinematic viscosity, pH, cloud point, water and sediment test, methanol test, visibility and emulsification is also investigated to check out their viability against the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 biodiesel specifications. The amount of extracted fat lied between 381.5g to 403.25g from 1kg. Acid value found out by volumetric titration had values 0.43mg KOH.g-1 to 0.48mg KOH.g-1 whereas the viscosity found out by viscometer ranged between 4.35mm2/s to 4.65mm2/s. The results thus showed that a low cost fuel with recommended properties is produced through cheap and viable approach.  Now, it’s the government’s responsibility to pay attention towards new technological innovations to overcome the global fuel crisis.<#LINE#> @ @ Carlsson A.S., Plant oils as feedstock alternatives to petroleum – A short survey of potential oil crop platforms, Biochimie, 91(6), 665–670 (2009) @No $ @ @ Bhatti H.N., Hanif M.A., Qasim M. and Rehman A., Biodiesel production from waste tallow, Fuel, 87 (13-14), 2961-2966 (2008) @No $ @ @ Yina, X., Maa, H., Youb, Q., Wanga, Z. and Changa, J., Comparison of four different enhancing methods for preparing biodiesel through transesterification of sunflower oil, Applied Energy, 91(1), 320–325 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dhiraj, D. and Mangesh, D., Biodiesel Production from Animal Fats and its Impact on the Diesel Engine with Ethanol-Diesel Blends: A Review, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 2(10), 179 (2012) @No $ @ @ Srivastava, A. and Prasad, R., Triglycerides-based diesel fuels, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 4(2), 111-133 (2000) @No $ @ @ Marchaetti, J. M., Miguel, V. U. and Errazu, A. F., Possible methods for biodiesel production, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review, 11(6), 1300-1311 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kondamudi, N., Strull, J., Misra, M. and Mohapatra, S. K., A Green Process for Producing Biodiesel from Feather Meal, Journal of Agriculture and food Chemistry, 57(14), 6163-6166 (2009) @No $ @ @ Akoh, C. C., Chang, S., Lee, G. and Shaw, J., Enzymatic approach to biodiesel production, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55(22), 8995-9005 (2007) @No $ @ @ Robles-Medina, A., Gonzalez-Moreno, P. A., EstebanCerdán, L. and Molina-Grima, E., Biocatalysis: Towards ever greener biodiesel production, Biotechnology Advances, 27(4), 398-408 (2009) @No $ @ @ Antczak, M. S., Kubiak, A., Antczak, T. and Bielecki, S., Enzymatic biodiesel synthesis-key factors affecting efficiency of the process, Renewable Energy, 34(5), 1185- 1194 (2009) @No $ @ @ Dias, J. M., Alvim-Ferraz, M. C. and Almeida, M. F., Production of biodiesel from acid waste lard, Bioresource Technology, 100(24), 6355-6361 (2009) @No $ @ @ Emmoth, E., Ottoson, J., Albihn, A., Belák, S. and Vinnerås, B., Ammonia Disinfection of Hatchery Waste for Elimination of Single-Stranded RNA Viruses, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(12), 3960-3966 (2011) @No $ @ @ Chunyan, H., Narendra, R., Kelu, Y. and Yiqi, Y., Acetylation of Chicken Feathers for Thermoplastic Applications, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(19), 10517-10523 (2011) @No $ @ @ ASTM D 6751-6802, Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels, (2004) @No $ @ @ European Committee for Standardization EN 14214, Automotive fuels fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines – Requirements and Test methods, (2009) @No $ @ @ Aleptkin, E. and Canackci, M., Optimization of pretreatment reaction for methyl ester production from chicken fat, Fuel, 89(12), 4035-4039 (2010) @No $ @ @ Marulanda, V. F., Anitescu, G. and Tavlarides, L. L., Biodiesel Fuels through a Continuous Flow Process of Chicken Fat Supercritical Transesterification, Energy & Fuels, 24(1), 253-260 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mahajan, S., Konar, S. K. and Boocock, D. G. B., Determining the acid number of biodiesel, Journal of the American oil Chemist’s Society, 83(6), 567-570 (2006) @No $ @ @ Encinar, J. M., Gonzalez, J. F. and Reinares, A. R., Biodiesel from used frying oil. Variables affecting the yields and characteristics of the biodiesel, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 44(15), 5491-5499 (2005) @No $ @ @ Knothe G. The Biodiesel Handbook (1st Ed.), AOCS Press, USA, 181-208 (2005) @No $ @ @ Tate, R. E., Watts, K. C., Allen, C. A. W. and Wilkie, K. I., The viscosities of three biodiesel fuels at temperatures up to 300 0C, Fuel, 85(7-8), 1010-1015 (2005) @No $ @ @ Oner, C. and Altun, S., Biodiesel production from inedible animal tallow and an experimental investigation of its useas alternative fuel in a direct injection diesel engine, Applied Energy, 86(10), 2114-2120 (2009) @No $ @ @ Gerpen, V. J., Peterson, C. L. and Goering, C. E., Biodiesel: An alternative fuel for compression ignition engines, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 31(7), 1-22 (2007) @No $ @ @ Canakci, M. and Sanli, H., Biodiesel production from various feedstocks and their effects on the fuel properties, Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology, 35(31), 431-41 (2008) @No
<#LINE#>Evaluation of physicochemical and bacteriological quality of Oued Merzeg (Suburbain of Casablanca, Morocco)<#LINE#>Mounjid@Jihad,Cohen@Nozha,Oubraim@SouadFadlaouietSaid<#LINE#>75-80<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-107.pdf<#LINE#><#LINE#>27/5/2014<#LINE#>15/6/2014<#LINE#>The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical and microbiological quality of Oued Merzeg. The analyzed waters present an organic pollution represented by the concentration of the organic (DBO5, DCO, Pt, PO4 and NH4).  However, analysis of physical parameters and indicators of mineralization, conductivity, salinity, chlorides, sulfates, and water sampled showed a significant mineralization. Parameters monitoring fecal contamination, total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC) and fecal streptococci (FS), reveal a significant fecal contamination. Water quality of Oued Merzeg pleads for non-conformity of water to be used directly in all areas because they exceed the normative limits generally accepted. The principal component analysis (PCA) evaluated and interpreted complex water quality data sets and apportioned of pollution sources to get better information about water quality of Oued Merzeg. <#LINE#> @ @ Tyagi S.K., Datta P.S., Kulshreshtha S.  and Sharma R.K., Isotopic and Hydrochemical Signatures in Characterizing Pollutants Movement in Overexploited Groundwater Aquifers of Delhi State (2008) @No $ @ @ Abu Yusof M., and Hasan N., and Pauzi Md. A., River water quality in Langat basin, Selangor, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Environmental Management, 3, 125-142 (2002) @No $ @ @ Did, Study on the River Water Quality Trends and Indexes in Peninsular Malaysia. Water Resource Publication, 21 (2009) @No $ @ @ Boutayeb M., Etude des performances épuratoires du traitement des eaux usées domestiques par le lagunage naturel dans la région de la Chaouia Ouardigha « Cas des STEPs de Settat, Berrechid, Ben Ahmed, El Gara et Soualem-Sahel », Thèse de Doctorat, FST Settat (2012) @No $ @ @ Meybeck M., Friedrich G., Thomas R., Chapman D., Rivers.  Water quality assessments: a guide to the use of biota, sediments and water in environment monitoring, Chapman edition, 2nd ed. E and FN Spon, London, 59-126 (1996) @No $ @ @ Abhbc. , Agence du Bassin Hydraulique du Bouregreg et de la Chaouia, Etude d'évaluation des eaux de surface de la zone d'action de l'agence du bassin hydraulique du Bouregreg et de la Chaouia, mission 1, 43 (2004) @No $ @ @ Zerouali A., Lakfifi L.,  Larabi A., Ameziane A., Modélisation de la nappe de Chaouia Côtière (Maroc) First International Conference on Saltwater Intrusion and Costal Aquifers- Monitoring, Modeling, and Management. Essaouira, Morocco, April 23-25 (2001) @No $ @ @ Mounjid J., Cohen N., Fadlaoui S. and Oubraim S., Study of physicochemical and Microbiological quality of Oued Bouskoura: Peri-Urbain of Casablanca, Morocco. Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 3(5), 60-66 (2014) @No $ @ @ Thioulouse J., Simer M., and Chessel D. Simultaneous analisis of a sequence of paired ecological tables. Ecology, 85, 272-283 (2004) @No $ @ @ Eriksson E., Hydrochemistry, Chemical processes in the water cycle. Paris: Unesco (1981) @No $ @ @ El addouli J., Chahlaoui A., Berrahou A., Chafi A., Ennabili A. et Karrouch L., Influence des eaux usées, utilisées en irrigation, sur la qualité des eaux de l’Oued Bouishak – région de Meknes (centre-sud du Maroc), Rev. Microbiol. Ind. San et Environn. 3(1),  56-75 (2009) @No $ @ @ Cun C. et Vilagines R., Time series analysis on chlorides, nitrates, ammonium and dissolved oxygen concentrations in the Seine river near Paris. Sci. Total. Environ., 208, 59-69 (1997) @No $ @ @ Lauder G.V., Lim J., Shelton R., Witt C., Anderson E.J. and Tangorra J.L. Robotic models for studying undulatory locomotion in fishes. Mar. Technol. Soc. J., 45, 41-55 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bermond R., Vuichaard R., Les paramètres de la qualité des eaux. Documentation Française, Paris, 179 (1973) @No $ @ @ Fawzi B., Peuplement diatomique du réseau hydrographique de l’Oued Mellah : Composition, structure, autoécologie et indices de qualité. Thèse de doctorat. Faculté des Sciences Ben M’Sik (2002) @No $ @ @ Oubraim S., Qualité physico-chimique et biologique des cours d’eau du réseau hydrographique de la meseta occidentale Marocaine, cas de L’oued Mellah. Thèse d’état. Fac. Sci. Ben M’sik, Univ. Hassan II- Mohammedia, Casa,  208 (2002) @No $ @ @ El ouali lalami A., Merzouki M., El hillali O., Maniar S. and Ibnsouda  Koraichi S., Pollution des eaux de surface de la ville de Fès au Maroc : typologie, origine et conséquences, Larhyss Journal, ISSN 1112-3680, 09, 55-72 (2011) @No $ @ @ Abouelouafa M., El halouani H.,  Kharboua M. et  Berrichi  A., Caractérisation physico-chimique et bactériologique des eaux usées brutes de la ville d’Oujda: canal principal et Oued Bounaïm, Actes Inst. Agron. Vet. (Maroc), 22(3),143-150 (2002) @No
<#LINE#>Impact of Mining Activities on Various Environmental Attributes with Specific Reference to Health Impacts in Shatabdipuram, Gwalior, India<#LINE#>Ahmad@AhangerFaroz,K.@SharmaHarendra,Rao@RatherMakhmoorAhmadR.J.<#LINE#>81-87<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-111.pdf<#LINE#><#LINE#>31/5/2014<#LINE#>13/6/2014<#LINE#>Mining and metallurgical activities cause greater perturbation and devastation of both terrestrial and aquatic environments which has large scale ramifications. This piece of work reports the findings of a study undertaken to assess the environmental impacts of the mining activities in the Shatabdipuram mining area in Gwalior city of Madhya Pradesh, India. In addition to assess the environmental impact of the mining activities, community perceptions about the mining activities were also assessed to know the health effects caused by these activities. Marked environmental impacts were observed through the study in the form of air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution and their consequential effect on the health of the persons who got exposed to these pollutants. The concentration of some of the pollutants both in the air and water has reached alarming proportions which are presenting a health hazard, exacerbating various disorders among the people. A comprehensive strategy and appropriate regulations are indispensible to alleviate the negative impacts of the mining activities on the environment to make this practice a sustainable one.  <#LINE#> @ @ Makweba M.M. and Ndonde P.B., The mineral sector and the national environmental policy, Proceedings of the workshop on the national environmental policy for Tanzania (Dar es Salaam, Tanzania), 164-173 (1994) @No $ @ @ Boni M., Costabile S., De, Vivo B. and Gasparrini M.  Potential environmental hazard in the mining district of southern Iglesiente (SW Sardinia, Italy), Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 67, 417-430 (1999) @No $ @ @  Balistrieri L.S., Box S.E., Bookstrom A.A. and Ikramuddin M., Assessing the influence of reacting pyrite and carbonate minerals on the geochemistry of drainage in the Coeur d’Alene mining district, Environmental Science & Technology, 33, 3347-3353 (1999) @No $ @ @ Ogezi A.E., Impact of Mining on Nigeria Environment. In FEPA MONOGRAPH: Towards Pollution Abatement in Nigeria. FEPA: Lagos, Nigeria, (1988) @No $ @ @ Dhar B.B. and Ahmad M., Impact of mining and processing activities on surrounding environment – a case study, Journal of mining research, 2(2), 34-41 (1993) @No $ @ @ Singh A.K., Mahato M.K., Neogi B., Mondal G.C.  and Singh T.B., Hydrogeochemistry, elemental flux and quality assessment of mine water in the Pootkee-Balihari mining area, Jharia coalfield, India, Mine water and the environment, 30(3), 197-207 (2011) @No $ @ @ APHA,  Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water (20th edn.) Washington, DC, American Public Health Association, (1998) @No $ @ @ Deswal S. and Deswal A., Basic course in Environmental studies, Dhanpat Rai & Co. Publishers, New Delhi, India, (2008) @No $ @ @ Wani K.A. and Jaiswal Y.K., Assessment of noise pollution in Gwalior, M.P., India, Advances in Bioresearch, : 54-60 (2010) @No $ @ @ Filer, C. Mining in the South Pacific, http://www.antenna.nl/ecsiep/bulletin.htmlO., (1998) @No $ @ @ Moody, R. and Panos, S. P., Environmental assessment of mining projects. http://www.worldbank.org/mining.xlsO., (1997) @No $ @ @ De A.K., Environmental chemistry (6th edn.). New Age International Publishers, New Delhi, India, (2006) @No $ @ @ Prasad D.Y. and Qayyum M.A., Pollution aspects of Upper Lake Bhopal, Indian Journalof Zoology, 4(1), 35-46 (1976) @No $ @ @ Singh A., Environmental chemistry(Ist edn.), Campus Books International, New Delhi, India, (2006) @No $ @ @ Gupta P.K., Methods in Environmental Analysis: Water, soil and air. Agrobios publications, Jodhpur, India, (2000) @No $ @ @ Nanda, S. N. and Tiwary, S. N.  Concentration of SPM in the Burla Hirakund Sombalpur region, Orissa, Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 21, 193-198 (2001) @No $ @ @ Soni D.K. and Agarwal A., Characterization of Dust emission in coal mining activities – case study, Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 17(11), 80 -81 (1997) @No $ @ @ Ghose M.K. and Majee S.R., Characteristics of Hazardous airborne dust around an Indian surface coal mining area. Environment International, 26 (1-2) 81- 85 (2000) @No $ @ @ CPCB. Pollution control acts, rules and notifications issued there under. Pollution control series: PCL/2/1992 (Volume I) New Delhi: Central Pollution Control Board, (1995) @No
<#LINE#>The Snail Spurt- An Issue of Concern<#LINE#>Mathai@ReemySara<#LINE#>88-91<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-92.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom-695581, INDIA <#LINE#>8/5/2014<#LINE#>29/5/2014<#LINE#>Achatina fulica, a moisture dependent, nocturnal snail has made its presence known in the warm and humid tropical regions of the globe and established itself as a serious pest causing severe agricultural and economic losses. Widespread attack of the giant African snail in Kariavattom campus premises destroying the banana plantations raised my concern. The factors influencing the snail spurt, its impacts and control measures are discussed. <#LINE#> @ @ Bequaert J.C., Studies on the Achatinidae, a group of African land snails, Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard, (105), 1-216, (1950) @No $ @ @ Raut S.K and Ghose K.C., Viability of sperm in two aestivating land snails Achatina fulica Bowdich and Macrochamys indica Godwin–Austen, Journal of Molluscan Studies (48), 84-86, (1982) @No $ @ @ USDA–APHIS, New Pest Response Guidelines. Giant African Snails: Snail Pests in the Family Achatinidae. USDA–APHIS–PPQ–Emergency and Domestic Programs–Emergency Planning, Riverdale, Maryland.http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants/manuals/index.shtml(2005) @No $ @ @ Balasubramanian M. and P. Kalayanasundaram., A note on the incidence of giant African snail, Achatina fulica Bowdich, Annamalai University Agricultural Research Annual, (4/5), 217, (1974) @No $ @ @ Mead A.R., The Giant African Snail: A problem in economic Malacology, The University of Chicago press, Chicago, (1961) @No $ @ @ Kliks M.M., Kroenke K. and Hardman J.M., Eosinophilicradiculomyeloencephalitis: an angiostrongyliasis outbreak in American Samoa related to ingestion of Achatina fulica snails, The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 31(6), 1114-1122, (1982) @No $ @ @ Raut S.K. and Barker G.M., Achatina fulica Bowdich and other Achatinidae as Pests in Tropical Agriculture. In: Barker G.M. (ed.). Molluscs and crop pest. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K. 55-114, (2002) @No $ @ @ Cook A., Behavioural Ecology: on doing the Right thing, in the right place at the right time. In: Barker, G.M. (ed.). The Biology of Terrestrial Molluscs. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K. 447-487,(2001) @No $ @ @ Egonmwan R.I., The effects of temperature and photoperiod on growth and maturation rate of Limicolariaflammea. Muller (Pulmonata: Achatinidae), Journal of African Zoology, 105(1), 69-75, (1991) @No $ @ @ Chaurasia Sadhana and Karan Raj, Water Quality and Pollution load of River Mandakini at Chitrakoot, India, I. Res. J. Environmen Sci., 2(6), 13-19, (2013) @No $ @ @ Shivayogimath C.B, Kalburgi P.B, Deshannavar U.B. and Virupakshaiah D.B.M., Water Quality Evaluation of River Ghataprabha (India), I. Res. J. Environmen Sci., 1(1), 12-18 (2012) @No $ @ @ Agrawal G.D. and Kannan G.K., Degradation of River due to Diffuse Activities and Appropriate Approach for Management-A Case Study of River Mandakini, J. Indian Assoc. Environ. Manag., 23, 113-121 (1994) @No $ @ @ Rao M.V.S., Rao V.D. and Andrews B.S.A., Assessment of Quality of Drinking Water at Srikurmam in Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India, I. Res. J. Environmen Sci., 1(2), 13- 20 (2012) @No $ @ @ Deshmukh K.K., Impact of Human Activities on the Quality of Groundwater from Sangamner Area, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra, India, I. Res. J. Environmen Sci., 2(8), 66-74, (2013) @No $ @ @ Dallinger, R., Berger, B., Triebskorn-Kohler., R. and Kohler, H., Soil Biology and Ecotoxicology, In: Barker, G.M. (ed.). The Biology of Terrestrial Molluscs. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K., 489-525, (2001) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 91Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology, 140(3/4), 422–426, (2005) @No $ @ @ Ebenso I.E., Molluscicidal effects of neem (Azadiracht aindica) extracts on edible tropical land snails, Pest Management Science, 60(2), 178–182 (2004) @No
<#LINE#>Challenges in recovery Phase related to Floods: Case Study of District Ambala, Haryana, India<#LINE#>Singh@Rajinder<#LINE#>92-98<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-96.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Electronics, SD College, Ambala Cantt, Haryana, INDIA <#LINE#>17/5/2014<#LINE#>27/5/2014<#LINE#>India, the country of diversity spends on an average about two percent of GDP on disasters due to its high vulnerability towards natural disasters, arising the dire need for systematic and strategic approach towards Disaster management. The most important and crucial phase of the Disaster Management is the Disaster recovery which is the practice by which local and central government and various agencies assist victims of disaster in recovering from affects of disaster and bring them back to normal routine work. In the preliminary recovery phase their personal needs are fulfilled by the local government and agencies and their day to day services are restored to the level so that they can manage the continuing process. After initial recovery, steps are taken for reconstruction and rehabilitation measures. Central government helps in disaster recovery by providing funds to states to lessen the monetary burden associated with the provision of relief payments to the victims of natural disaster and re-establishment of infrastructure. Although the assistance from government plays an important role in recovery but all the efforts of Disaster recovery have to be realized by the affected community itself. They can involve International and National agencies in rehabilitation programs, but there is an inherent delay associated with the outside support. The task becomes more complicated because rehabilitation involves various crucial types like social, physical, and psychological. Out of these, the most crucial is psychological recovery as it presents lot of constraints on the part of victims and stakeholders. This paper presents the landscape of Ambala District with specific challenges to the flood recovery plans. The stakeholder’s perspective has been presented from the community driven recovery strategy. <#LINE#> @ @ Kalpana Srivastava, Disaster: Challenges and perspectives, Ind Psychiatry J., 19(1), 1–4 (2010) @No $ @ @ Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 982.Bolin R., Household and community recovery after earthquakes. Boulder: Institute of Behavioral science, University of Boulder; (1993) @No $ @ @ Thoits P. Dimensions of life events that influence psychological distress. An evaluation and synthesis of the literature. In: Kaplan H, editor. Psychological stress: Trends in theory and research. New York: Academic Press; (1983) @No $ @ @ Public Policy Towards Natural Disasters in India, Centre for Budget and Government Accountability, available at http://www.cbgaindia.org/files/working_papers/Public%20Policy %20 to wards % 20 Natural % 20Disasters % 20in %20India.pdf, accessed on June 20, (2011) @No $ @ @ Mohandas E. Roadmap to Indian Psychiatry, Indian J Psychiatry, 51, 173–9 (2009) @No $ @ @ Arya Richa1, Gupta Anil K.2and Yunus Mohammad  Flood Resilience through Climate-change adaptation: A case of Gorakhpur, Eastern Uttar Pradesh in India, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(2), 25-28 (2012) @No $ @ @ Shakya B., Ranjit R., Shakya A., Bajracharya S. and Khadka N., Estimation of extreme flood over Balkhu River using NOAA-based satellite rainfall and HEC-HMS hydrological model, and assessment of flood education of people living near the flood risk zone of Balkhu River. International Symposium on Geo-hazard, Infrastructure Management and Protection of World Heritage Sites,Kathmandu, Nepal, (2006) @No $ @ @ Kempena A., Boudzoumou F., Nganga D. and Ray H., Cartography of environmental vulnerability to soil erosion of the urban area of Brazzaville using Geographic Information System (GIS), International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 3(5), 35-43 (2014) @No $ @ @ Ladwani K.D., Ladwani K., Manik V.S. and Ramteke D.S., Impact of Industrial Effluent Discharge on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Agricultural Soil, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(3), 32-36 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dhameja Alka, Droughts and Foods: A Case for Dying Wisdom in Pardeep Sahni et al. (Eds.), Disaster Mitigation: Experiences and Reflections, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi (2001) @No $ @ @ www.ambala.gov.in (2014) @No $ @ @ Disaster Management, Plan of Ambala  District, Haryana  (2014) @No $ @ @ Jai Singh Ahlawat  and Rajeev Bansal, Haryana Irrigation Department, Chandigarh, Floods Management and Drainage System in Haryana (2014) @No $ @ @  Syl Water Services Circle, Ambala, Flood Report Ending (2012) @No $ @ @ Hindustan Times, Madhvi Sally, ET Bureau Aug 21, 2012, 05.24PM IST (2012) @No $ @ @ Sharma Anshu, Damage Assessment, Faculty of Public Administration, SOSS, IGNOU (2006) @No $ @ @ District Revenue Department Ambala, Haryana, (2014) @No $ @ @ National Disaster Management Authority, September, Report on Role of NGOs in Disaster Management, Government of India (2010) @No $ @ @ United Nations Development Programme India, (2002-2009), Good Practices in Community Based Disaster Risk Management, Government of India (2009) @No $ @ @ Sugirtharan M and Venuthasan T, Farmers’ Awareness on Climate ChangeRelated Issues at some Irrigable Areas of Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, 1(2), 29-32 (2012) @No