@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Chemical Parameters of Soil of Turkaulia Lake of North Bihar (India) in Relation to its Productivity<#LINE#>Niraj@Kumar,N.P.@Singh<#LINE#>1-4<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-168.pdf<#LINE#> Post-Graduate Dept. of Zoology, M.S. College, Motihari (B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur), East - Champaran-845401, Bihar, INDIA<#LINE#>20/7/2013<#LINE#>18/10/2013<#LINE#>Soil and water are the most precious natural resources and an important ecological factor responsible for the productivity of any water body. For the biological productivity and maintenance of an aquaculture, chemical components and nature of soil are most important abiotic factors. The present study deals with the analysis of some chemical parameters of soil of Turkaulia lake, an ox-bow lake of East-Champaran district of North Bihar, India. pH, phosphate, organic matter, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate and carbonate were studied because these parameters are the main factor which determines the productivity of the soil. During the study period (i.e., January-December 2010) the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) was higher in most of the months of the year and provides ideal alkaline medium for fish culture. Phosphate concentration was also moderate. Calcium and magnesium were also in good amount. In the soil of Turkaulia lake, carbonate was untraceable while bicarbonate was found in soil in good concentration. <#LINE#> @ @ Biswas T.D. and Mukherjee S.K., Textbook of soil science, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. New Delhi,  (1987) @No $ @ @ Kumar Niraj, Study of ichthyofaunal biodiversity of Turkaulia Lake, East-Champaran, Bihar, India, I. Res. J. Environment Sci. 1(2), 21-24 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kumar Niraj and Singh N. P., Studies on physico-chemical characteristics of Turkaulia Lake, a natural ox-bow lake of East-Champaran in relation to growth of zooplankton and fish culture, 20th All India Congress of Zoology, CIFE, Mumbai, 140 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sinha M and Jha B.C., Ecology and fisheries of ox bow lakes of North Bihar- a threatened ecosystem, Bull. No. 74, CICFRI (ICAR), Barrackpore, West Bengal (1997) @No $ @ @ Kumar Niraj and Singh, N. P., Studies on the ichthyofauna of Kararia lake of Motihari, East-Champaran,  Bihar, India, Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci.,1(4), 8-12 (2013) @No $ @ @ Banerjee S.M., Water quality and soil condition of fish ponds in some states of India in relation to fish production, Ind. J. Fish,14 (1and2), 115-144 (1967) @No $ @ @ Kumari U., Singh S.K. and Singh, U.N., Ecological parameters of Basman Lake of Motihari (Bihar), J. Ecobiol.,3(1), 59-63 (1991) @No $ @ @ Prasad B.B., Eqbal Md. Zahid and Ahmad Nasi, Biochemical parameters of soil of a sewage effected river of Himalayan region in relation to fish mortality, Nat. Env. Poll. Tech.,4(2), 303-306 (2005) @No $ @ @ Srivastava K.P. and Singh V.K., Impact of air-pollution on pH of soil of Saran, Bihar, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(4), 9-13 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ladwani K.D., Ladwani Krishna D., Manik V. and Ramteke D. S., Impact of industrial effluent discharge on physico-chemical characteristics of agricultural soil, I. Res. J. Environment Sci. 1(3), 32-36 (2012) @No $ @ @ Allison L.F., Walkley and Black Methods. In C.A. Black (Ed.) ‘Methods of Soil Analysis, Part-2’. Agronomy No. 9. Amer. Soc. Agron. Madison, Wisconsin, USA (1965) @No $ @ @ Tucker B.B. and Kurtz L.T., Calcium and magnesium determinations by EDTA Titrations, J. Amer. Soc. Soil. Sci.,25, 27-29 (1961) @No $ @ @ Moyle J.B., Some indices on lake productivity, Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc., 76, 322-334 (1946) @No $ @ @ Magizharasan M. and Indra, Chemical parameters of rural pond at Thillaividangan in South Arcot district, Environ and Ecol, 15(4), 869-873 (1977) @No
<#LINE#>Application of Chitosan-Based Filtration Technique for Removal of Heavy Metals from Surface Water<#LINE#>M.I.@Talukdar,M.T.@Hasnine<#LINE#>5-10<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-008.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, BANGLADESH<#LINE#>10/1/2014<#LINE#>27/2/2014<#LINE#>Surface water pollution in the surrounding rivers of Dhaka city has been threatening to the supply of potable water to the city dwellers. The major pollution parameters are pH, Turbidity, TDS, EC and Heavy metal concentration which indicates physical and chemical pollution in the river water. During the dry season pollution level in Buriganga River exceeds the surface water standard and it becomes unsuitable for drinking purpose. The objective of the present study was to reduce the level of physico-chemical parameters and heavy metal concentration in surface water by Chitosan adsorbent. Chitosan was prepared in laboratory. The tests were carried out with two different filter where Chitosan-sand and Charcoal-sand were used as adsorbent (filter material). pH was found in river water ranging from 7.8 to 8.0, after chitosan treatment it was reduced and ranged from 7.1 to 7.8. No significant change occurred in charcoal treatment. Highest Turbidity, TDS and EC in river water was found 116 NTU, 192 mg/l and 372 ΅s/cm respectively and it was reduced by Chitosan with an average efficiency of  94.01 % , 85.33 %., 84.91 %. In the case of Charcoal treatment, the average efficiency was only 23.55 %, 11.41 % and 12.26 % for Turbidity, TDS and EC respectively. Heavy metal Pb, Cr, Zn, and Ni was found in river water ranging from 8.9368 to 10.900 ppm, 70.320 to 73.576 ppm, 16.595 to 19.231 ppm and 6.003 to 6.8730 ppm respectively. This level was significantly reduced by Chitosan with an average efficiency of 99.76 %, 99.89 %, 99.89 % and 99.87% respectively. For Charcoal treatment this efficiency was too low. Using Chitosan for household water treatment process and for water treatment in remote areas or sudden flood areas where chemical treatment is not available, might be considered as an excellent option for water purification. <#LINE#> @ @ Kjellιn M. and Mcgranahan G., Urban Water-Towards Health and Sustainability, Comprehensive Assessment of the Freshwater Resources of the World, Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden (1997) @No $ @ @ Ahmed A., Demirzen D. and Duman F., Bioaccumulation, detection and analyses of heavy metal pollution in sultan marsh and environment, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 164-241(2005) @No $ @ @ Rahman K., Industrial pollution and control for sustainable development, Training manual on environmental management in Bangladesh, Department of Environment; Dhaka, Bangladesh, 184-206 (1992) @No $ @ @ DoF, Fisheries Resources Survey System, Department of Fisheries, Government of Bangladesh, (2002) @No $ @ @ Madhukar M., Dayananda H.S., Chethan G., Dwithiya C., Chaithara K. R., Sajini B.,  Sandeep S., Performance Evaluation of Sand and Chitosan as Dual Filter Media, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST), 4(1) 349-352 (2012) @No $ @ @ WHO, Technical Guideline 10 for Drinking water, World Health Organization, (2006) @No $ @ @ DoE, Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) of Bangladesh, Department of Environment, Ministry of Forest and Environment, (1991) @No
<#LINE#>Influence of Poly (Vinylpyrrolidone) on Binary Blend Films Made from Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Chitosan<#LINE#>S.P.@Masti,R.B.@Chougale<#LINE#>11-13<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-016.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad - 580 001, INDIA @ Department of Materials Science, Mangalore University, Mangalgangotri - 574 199, INDIA<#LINE#>22/1/2014<#LINE#>12/2/2014<#LINE#>Ternary polymer blend films of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) doped poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan (CS) blend films were prepared by solvent casting method. In this study, films containing different concentration (wt %) of PVP and equal quantity of CS/PVA (50/50) were characterized.  With increase in the concentration (wt%) of PVP into the equal quantity of CS/PVA, blend shows slight increase in tensile strength and significant increase in elongation at break  and decrease in young’s modulus.  <#LINE#> @ @ Geng X.Y., Kwon O.H. and Jang J., Electrospinning of Chitosan Dissolved in Concentrated Acetic Acid Solution, Biomaterials, 26(27), 5427-5432 (2005) @No $ @ @ Chen C., Dong L. and Cheung M.K., Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable poly(L-actide)/ Chitosan Blends, Eur Polym J, 41, 958 (2005) @No $ @ @ Yusong W.U., Seo T., Maeda S., Dong Y., Sasaki T., Irie S. and Sakurai K., Spectroscopic Studies of the Conformational Properties of Naphthoyl Chitosan in Dilute Solutions, J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 42(14),2747-2758 (2004) @No $ @ @ Qin C.Q., Du Y.M., Xiao L., Li Z. and Gao X.H., Enzymic Preparation of Water-Soluble Chitosan and their Antitumor Activity, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 31, 111-117 (2002) @No $ @ @ Lee J.S., Choi K.H., Ghim H.D., Kim S.S., Chun D.H., Kim H.Y. and Lyoo W.S., Role of Molecular Weight of Atactic Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in the Structure and Properties of PVA Nanofabric Prepared by Electrospinning, J Appl Polym Sci, 93(4), 1638-1646 (2004) @No $ @ @ Park J.S., Park J.W. and Ruckenstein E., Thermal and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of PVA/MC Blend Hydrogels, Polymer, 42(9), 4271-4280 (2001) @No $ @ @ Li D. and Xia Y., Electrospinning of Nanofibers: Reinventing the Wheel?, Advanced Materials, 16(14),1151-1170 (2004) @No
<#LINE#>Experimental Studies on Decolorisation of Malachite Dye using Continuous Photocatalytic Reactor<#LINE#>N.@Deepa,P.@Meghna,S.@Kandasamy<#LINE#>14-21<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-018.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemical Engineering, Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Melmaruvathur, INDIA @ Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, INDIA @ Department of Chemical and Food Science, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, INDIA <#LINE#>23/1/2014<#LINE#>14/2/2014<#LINE#>Textile industry consumes large quantity of water during dyeing and finishing process which discharges the toxic and hazardous chemical to the environment. Therefore, suitable treatment process has to be carried out for the degradation of organic dye. By choosing the desired catalyst and suitable light source, degradation can be potentially effective and develops an eco friendly environment. In this paper, Heterogeneous Photo-catalysis under Visible light is employed as an effective method for the degradation and decolorisation. Sol–gel technique has been taken as one of the adaptable method for the preparation of metal doped nano crystalline TiO. The parameters considered for this study are pH, initial concentration of dye, flow rate of dye and light intensity. Malachite green is used for experimental study. Photo decolorisation is increased with a decrease in flow rate of reactant and by increasing the light intensity. The color removal of MG is very effective by maintaining pH at 9 respectively. It has been found that as the initial concentration of dye increases, the rate of color removal decreases. <#LINE#> @ @ Venkatachalam N., Palanichamy M. and Murugesan V., Sol–gel preparation and characterization of alkaline earth metal doped nano TiO: Efficient photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 273, 177–185 (2007) @No $ @ @ Hung-Yee Shu, Ming-Chin Chang, Pilot scale annular plug flow photoreactor by UV/H for the decolorization of azo dye wastewater, Journal of Hazardous Materials, B125, 244–251 (2005) @No $ @ @ Chung-Shin Lu, Fu-Der Mai. Chia-Wei Wu, Ren-Jang Wu. and Chiing-Chang Chen., Titanium dioxide-mediated photocatalytic degradation of Acridine Orange in aqueous suspensions under UV irradiation, Dyes and Pigments,76, 706-713 (2008) @No $ @ @ Modirshahla N. and Behnajady M.A., Photooxidative degradation of Malachite Green (MG) by UV/H: Influence of operational parameters and kinetic modeling, Dyes and Pigments,70, 54-59 (2006) @No $ @ @ Djebbar Kamel, Aliouche Sihem, Chenini Halima  and Sehili Tahar, Decolourization process of an azoque dye (Congo red) by photochemical methods in homogeneous medium, Desalination,247, 412–422 (2009) @No $ @ @ Raghu S., C. and Ahmed, Chemical or electrochemical techniques followed by ion exchange for recycle of textile dye wastewater, Journal of Hazardous Materials,149, 324–330 (2007) @No $ @ @ Akshaya Kumar Verma, Rajesh Roshan Dash and Puspendu Bhunia, A review on chemical coagulation/flocculation technologies for removal of colour from textile wastewaters, Journal of Environmental Management, 93, 154-168 (2012) @No $ @ @ Alok Mitta, Adsorption kinetics of removal of a toxic dye, Malachite Green, from wastewater by using hen feathers, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 133, 196–202 (2006) @No $ @ @ Sandip Sharma, Ruparelia J.P. and Manish L. Patel, A general review on Advanced Oxidation Processes for waste water treatment , Institute of technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad – 382 481, 08-10 December, (2011) @No $ @ @ Akira Fujishima, Tata N. Rao and Donald A.Tryk., Titanium dioxide photocatalysis, Photochemistry Reviews,, 1-21 (2000) @No $ @ @ Herrmann J.M., Duchamp C., Karkmaz M., Bui Thu Hoai, H. Lachheb,  E. Puzenat and C. Guillard, Environmental green chemistry as defined by photocatalysis, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 146 624–629 (2007) @No $ @ @ Ting Ke Tseng, Yi Shing Lin, Yi Ju Chen and Hsin Chu,(2010),  A Review of Photocatalysts Prepared by Sol-Gel Method for VOCs Removal, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 11, 2336-2361 (2010) @No $ @ @ F.Mastali Khan Tehrani, M. Rashidzadeh, A. Nemati, A. Irandoukht and B. Faridnia, Characterization and photocatalytic activities of nanosized titanium dioxide thin films, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 8(3), 545-552 (2011) @No $ @ @ A. Karami,Synthesis of TiO Nano Powder by the Sol-Gel Method and its use as a Photocatalyst, J. Iran. Chem. Soc., , Suppl., July, S154-S160 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mohammad Hossein Habibi. and Mojtaba Nasr-Esfahani., Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity of a novel nanostructure composite film derived from nanopowder TiO and sol gel process using organic dispersant, Dyes and Pigments75, 714 -722 (2007) @No $ @ @ C.C. Chen. C.S.Lu. Y.C.Chung. and J.L Jan., UV light induced photo degradation of malachite green on TiOnanoparticles, Journal of Hazardous Materials,141,  520–528 (2007) @No $ @ @ Chwei-Huann Chiou. Cheng-Ying Wu. and Ruey-Shin Juang., Influence of operating parameters on photocatalytic degradation of phenol in UV/TiO2 process, Chemical Engineering Journal,139, 322–329 (2008) @No $ @ @ Jutaporn Chanathaworn. Charun Bunyakan. Wisitsree Wiyaratn. and Juntima Chungsiriporn., Photocatalytic decolorization of basic dye by TiO2 nanoparticle in photoreactor,  Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol., 34(2), 203-210, Mar. - Apr. (2012) @No $ @ @ Abbas J Attia. Salih H Kadhim. and Falah H Hussein., Photocatalytic Degradation of Textile Dyeing Waste water  Using Titanium Dioxide and Zinc oxide, E-Journal of chemistry, ,  219-223( 2008) @No $ @ @ M.A. Behnajad. N. Modirshahla. N. Daneshva. and M. Rabbani., Photo catalytic degradation of an azo dye in a tubular continuous-flow photo reactor with immobilized TiO on glass plates, Chemical Engineering Journal,127, 167–176 (2007) @No
<#LINE#>Water Quality Management of water resources of Bhopal City: Challenges and scope<#LINE#>Suman@Malik,Kanti@Pachori,Amit@Dubey<#LINE#>22-26<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-028.pdf<#LINE#>1 Sadhu Vaswani College, Sant Hirdaram Nagar, Bhopal, MP, INDIA @ Nirbhay Singh Patel Science College, Indore, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>4/12/2013<#LINE#>22/1/2014<#LINE#>Water has been the epicenter of human civilizations since the very beginning. Mankind needs water for drinking, irrigation, industrial, navigational and many other uses. With the advancement of time, the dependence of mankind on water has increased many folds. Rapid urbanization, rise in human population, increased industrial uses and wastage of water has resulted in increased water demands. Further the increased environmental pressures on the water resources has resulted in degradation in the water quality of these already scarce water resources, thereby further worsening the water availability scenario. Bhopal, the capital city of the state of Madhya Pradesh in bestowed with a large number of lentic water bodies scattered in its undulating landscape. Once a medium sized town, Bhopal always boasted of plentiful availability of water and water shortage was unheard of a couple of decades ago. However rapid urbanization in the city in past few decades has resulted in an unprecedented rise in the water demand of the city. Further the rise in population has also resulted in increased waste production, which in turn has affected the quality of the water resources in the city. At present the city depends upon Upper Lake, Kolar reservoir and River Narmada for the supply of potable water but that too is proving insufficient to cater the ever increasing demands. This has resulted in the need of probing into alternate sources of water for the city. Though the city has large number of water bodies in and around it which hold considerable amount of water capable of sufficing the immediate need. As these water sources are not used for potable purposes as yet, they often face neglect and are therefore subjected to various anthropogenic pressures resulting in degradation in the water quality of these water sources as depicted by the high concentrations of pollution indicating parameters like BOD, COD, nitrate, phosphate etc. The present study encompasses the study of water quality of some of the most important water resources of the city, identify the environmental problems associated with them and suggest mitigative measures thereof.  <#LINE#> @ @ Padmanabha B. and Belagali S.L., Comparative study on the water quality index of four Lakes in the Mysory city, Indian J. Environ. Prot.,25(10), 873-876 (2005) @No $ @ @ Chaurasia M. and Pandey G.C., Study of physico-chemical characteristics of some water ponds of Ayodhya, Faizabad, India Environment Protection, 27(11), 1019-1023 (2007) @No $ @ @ Wetzel R.G. and Limnology W.B., Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA, 743 (1975) @No $ @ @ Mills E., Leach J., Carlton J. and Secor C., Exotic species in the Great Lakes: A history of biotic crises and anthropogenic introductions, J. Great Lakes Res.,19, 1-54 (1993) @No $ @ @ Paerl H.W., Coastal eutrophication and harmful algal blooms: importance of atmospheric deposition and ground water as "New" nitrogen and other nutrient sources,Limnol. Oceanogr.,42, 1154-1165 (1997) @No $ @ @ Jhariya D.C., Shandilya A.K. and Dewangan R., Nitrate Pollution in the Groundwater AroundSagar Town, Madhya Pradesh, India, International Conference on Chemical, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (ICEES'2012), Bangkok, (2012) @No $ @ @ United States Environment Protection Agency. Basic information in nitrates in drinking water, Water information about Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants, (2012) @No
<#LINE#>Algal Spectrum of a Wetland and its Correlation with the Physico-Chemical Parameters<#LINE#>Gyanesh@Krishna,Rita@Sinha<#LINE#>27-30<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-030.pdf<#LINE#>Samastipur College, Samastipur (LMNU), Bihar, INDIA @ Dept. of Botany, M.D.D.M. College, Club Road, B.R.A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur - 842002, Bihar, INDIA <#LINE#>9/2/2014<#LINE#>14/2/2014<#LINE#>Algal spectrum and physico-chemical factors of the water of the selected wetland pond was studied for two successive years. 49 different algal species belonging to 32 genera of arbitrarily considered dominant three classes namely, Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Bacillariophyceae were identified with other pollution tolerant and bioremediant algae. The spectrum was dominantly represented by the algae belonging to the class Chlorophyceae as compared to the other two classes Cyanophyceae and Bacillariophyceae. Correlation study made between algal spectrum and the physico-chemical factors revealed a significant positive correlation with transparency of water (P  0.05) and existence of a significant negative correlation was individually found with its temperature, conductivity and total dissolved solids (P &#x-13.;ά΅ O.O5) in case of class Bacillariophyceae only.  <#LINE#> @ @ Lakshminarayana J.S.S., Phytoplankton of river ganges, Varanasi, Part II, the sensonal growth and succession of plankton alage in river Ganges, Hydrobiol.,25, 138-165 (1965) @No $ @ @ Vyas L.N. and Kumar H.D., Studies on the Phytoplankton and other algal of indrasagar tank, Udaipur, India,Hydrobiologia,31, 421-434 (1968) @No $ @ @ Palmer C.M., A comparative rating of algae tolerating organic pollution, J. Phycol., 5, 78-82 (1969) @No $ @ @ Hosmani S.P. and Bharati S.G., Algae an indicators of organic pollution: Phykos:,19(1), 23-26 (1980) @No $ @ @ Saha L.C., Limnological studies of Bhagalpur ponds with an emphasis on algal flora, Ph.D Thesis, Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur (1983) Saha L.C.: Periodicity of algal flora in Bhagalpur ponds in relation to ecological factors; J. Ind. Bot. Soc.,64, 25-30 (1985) @No $ @ @ Tiwari A. and Chauhan S.V., Seasonal phytoplanktonic diversity of Kitham lake, Agra, J. Environ Biol., 27(1), 35-8 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kumar B.N. and Choudhary S.K., Phytoplankton Species-diversity of Jagatopur Wetland, Bhagalpur, Bihar (India), J. Indian Bot. Soc.,89 (3&4), 358-363 (2010) @No $ @ @ Nasar S.A.K., Studies on some aspect of pond ecosystem at Bhagalpur, Ph.D. Thesis, Bhagalpur University (1975) @No $ @ @ Bose K.C. and Bose S.K., Occurrence of permanent algal bloom in Ranchi (India), Indian Biol., 9(2), 32-38 (1977) @No $ @ @ Siddiui E.N., Singh N.K., Bilgrami K.S. and Munshi J.S. and Datta, Algae of the river Ganga, India I, Chlorococales, Nova Hedwigia,32, 789-796 (1980) @No $ @ @ Singh M. and Sinha R.K., Primary productivity and limnological profile of two ponds at patna, Bihar, J. Freshwater Biol., 6(2), 127-133 (1994) @No $ @ @ Rai S.K. and Mishra P.K., Freshwater cyanophyceae from East Nepal. Bangaladesh, J. Plant Taxon.,17(2), 121-139 (2010) @No $ @ @ Prescott G.W. and A.M. Scott, Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc; 61, 1-29 (1942) @No $ @ @ Desikachary T.V., Cyanophyta ICAR, New Delhi, 686 (1959) @No $ @ @ Randhawa M.S., Zygnemaceae, (ICAR., New Delhi), 478, (1959) @No $ @ @ 6.Prescott G.W., Algae of the Western Great Lakes Area. WMC Brown Company Publications, Dubuque, lowa, 997, (1962) @No $ @ @ Suxena M.R. and V. Venkateswarlu Desmids of Andhra Pradesh from Dhrama Sagar Lake, Warangal,  J. Osmania University (Science), 179-201 (1968) @No $ @ @ A.P.H.A.: Standard Methods for the examination of water and waste water (19th edition), American Public Health Association, New York (1995) @No $ @ @ Vyas L.N., Studies in phytoplankton ecology of Pichhola Lake, Udaypur Proc. Symp, Recent Adv. Trop. Ecol., 334-347, (1968) @No $ @ @ Kant S. and Anand V.K., Interrelationship of phytoplankton and physical factors in Mansar Lake, Jammu (J & K), Ind. J. Ecol., 5(2), 134-140 (1978) @No $ @ @ Mesfin M. and Belay A., A study of seasonal fluctuation of phytoplankton in relation to water quality in Lege Dadi Reservoir, International J. of Ecol & Environ Sci.,15(1),1-16 (1989) @No $ @ @ Rao B.C, On the distribution of algae in the group of six small ponds ll algal periodicity, J. Ecol., 43, 291-308 (1955) @No $ @ @ Seenayya G., Ecological studies in the phytoplankton of certain fresh water pond of Hyderabad, India ll. Phytoplankton I: Hydrobiologia, 37, 55-88 (1972) @No $ @ @ Munawar, Mohiddin,  Liminological studies of fresh water pond of Hyderabad, Hydrobiologia, 45, 1-32 (1974) @No $ @ @ Sharma N.K., Tiwari P. Sri, Tripathi K. and Rai A.K. Sustainability and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae): facts and challenges, Journal of Applied Psychology, 23(6), 1059-1081 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kant S. and Kachroo P., Limnological studies in Kashmir lakes, II Diurnal movements of phytoplankton, J. Indian Bot. Sco., 54, 9-12 (1975) @No $ @ @ Rai L.C., Ecological studies of algal communities of the Ganges River at Varanasi, Indian J. Ecol.,5(1), 1-6 (1978) @No $ @ @ Grover I.S., Kalra S.S. and Puri S., Hydrobiological studies of fish pond of Ludhiana, Phykos., 17(1 and 2), 39-48 (1978) @No $ @ @ Verma Prem Kumar and Munshi Jayashree D., Plankton community structure of  Badua reservoir, Bhagalpur (Bihar), Trop. Ecol.,28, 200-207 (1987) @No $ @ @ Kumar Nirmal, J.I. Cini Oommen Phytoplankton composition in relation to  hydrochemical properties of tropical community wetland, Kanewal, Gujarat, India, Applied ecology and environmental research, 9(3), 279-292 (2011) @No $ @ @ Fonge B.A., Tening A.S., Egbe E. A., Yinda G. S., Fongod A. N and Achu R.M.: Phytoplankton diversity and abundance in Ndop wetland plain, Cameroon African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 6(6), 247-257 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sivakumar N., Viji V., Satheesh S., Varalakshmi P., Ashokkumar, B. and Pandi M., Cyanobacterial abundance and diversity in coastal wetlands of Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu (India), African Journal of Microbiology Research, 6 (20)4409-4416 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>Study of Morphological Characteristics of Spinach Irrigated with Industrial waste water of Bhiwadi, Rajasthan, India<#LINE#>Madhvi@Saini,K.C.@Sharma,Manju@Sharma<#LINE#>31-38<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-036.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, INDIA<#LINE#>19/2/2014<#LINE#>25/2/2014<#LINE#>In the present investigation industrial area of Bhiwadi, (Alwar district) was selected as study area. The plants of spinach were treated with 3 types of water smaples i. ground water ii. Treated water (CETP outlet) and iii. untreated water (CETP inlet) and analyzed for morphological characters . Results showed that waste water increased stem length, root length ,fresh and dry weight, leaf length and leaf breadth  and decreased seedling length, vigour index, and germination percentage of  seeds. Waste water effects leaf colour and shape and seed colour, seed size and spermoderm patterns. Results reveated that waste water irrigation brought up negative changes in most of the important  growth parameters of plants and hence  this water is not  found suitable for crop irrigation. <#LINE#> @ @ Chandra R., Kumar K., and Singh L., Impact of an aerobically treated and untreated (raw) distillery effluent irrigation    on soil microflora, growth, total chlorophyll and protein contents of Phaseolus aureus L., J. Environ. Bio.,25(4), 381-385 (2004) @No $ @ @ Sahu R.K., Katiyar S., Tiwari J, Kiskum G. C.,Assessment of drain water receiving effluent from tanneries and its  impact on soil and plants with particular emphasis on bioaccumulation of heavy metals, J. Environ. Biol., 28(3), 685-690 (2007) @No $ @ @ Yadav A., Nerliya S., Gopesh., Acute toxicity levels and ethological responses of Channa striatus to fertilizer industrial wastewater, J. Environ. Biol.,28(2), 159-162 (2007) @No $ @ @ Pandey S.N., Nautiyal B.D. and Sharma C.P., Pollution level in distillery effluent and its phytotoxic effect on seed germination and early growth of maize and rice, J. Environ. Biol.,(29), 267-270 (2008) @No $ @ @ Mangukiya R, Bhattacharya T. and Chakraborty S. Quality Characterization of Groundwater using Water Quality Index in Surat city, Gujarat, India,International Res. J. of Env.Sci. 1(4), 14-23 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kumar M.and Kumar R.Assessment of Physico-Chemical Properties of Ground Water in Granite Mining Areas in Goramachia, Jhansi, UP, India, International Res. J. of Env.Sci, 2(1), 19-24,(2012) @No $ @ @ Thoker Farook A., Manderia S. and Manderia K. Impact of Dye Industrial Effluent on Physicochemical Characteristics of Kshipra River, Ujjain City, India, International Res.J. of Env.Sci, 1(2), 41-45,(2012) @No $ @ @ Sharma R.K, Agrawal M. and  Marshall F.M., Heavy metals contamination of soil and vegetables in suburban areas of Varanasi, India, Ecotoxicol Environ. Saf.,(66), 258 (2007) @No $ @ @ Nath K., Singh D., Shyam  S. and Sharma Y.K., Phytotoxic effects of chromium and tannery effluent on growth and metabolism of Phaseolus mungo Roxb., J. Environ. Biol.,(30), 227-234 (2009) @No $ @ @ Nagajyothi  P.C., Dinakar N., Suresh S., Udaykiran Y., Suresh C. and  Damodharam T.,Effect of industrialeffluent on the morphological parameters and chlorophyll content of green gram (Phaseolus aureus Roxb), J. Environ. Biol.,(30), 385-388 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ladwani Kiran D., Ladwani Krishna D., Manik Vivek S. and Ramteke Dilip S. Impact of Industrial Effluent Discharge on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Agricultural Soil , International Res.J. of Env.Sci, 1(3), 32-36,(2012) @No $ @ @ Mir Tariq A., Manderia S. and Manderia K. Influence of dye industrial effluent on physico chemical characteristics properties of soil at Bhairavgarh, Ujjain, MP, India,International Res.J. of Env.Sci,  1(1), 50-53,(2012) @No $ @ @ Baki A., Anderson J D.,Vigour determination soyabean seed by multiple criteria,Crop. Sci, (1973) @No $ @ @ Day D., Tucker T.C., Eftects of treated municipal wastewater on growth, fiber, protein and amino acid content of sorghum grain, J. Environ., (6), 325-327 (1977) @No $ @ @ Goldbold D.L. and Kettner C., Lead influences on root growth and mineral nutrition of picea abies seedling, Plant physiology, (139), 95- 99 (1991) @No $ @ @ Sharifah B.A. and Hishashi O., 1992, Effect of lead, cadmium and zinc on the cell elongation of impatiens balsmina, environ, experi. Bot.,(3),439-448 (1992) @No $ @ @ Chauhan A., tiwari N., Effect Of Lysimetric Treated Effluent On Seed Germination, Radicle Length and Plumule Length of wheat plants, New York Science Journal(3), (2010) @No $ @ @ Singh A., Agrwal S. B, Rai JNP. Effluent of paper industry effluent on growth, yield and nutrient quality of wheat    plants at various soil column height, Environmental Biology and Conservation,(8), 50-56 (2003) @No $ @ @ Hernandez T.J., Moreno F., J J and Costa ,.Influence of sewage sludge application on crop yields and heavy metals availability, Soil Sci. plant Nutr., (37) 201-210 (1991) @No $ @ @ Yaghmaei A., Corn yield in irrigation with household waste water and its consequences. M .Sc. thesis, Faculty of agriculture, University of Ferdowsi Mashhad (2000) @No $ @ @ Papadopoulos, Stylianon Y.,Trickle irrigation of sunflower with municipal waste water Agric., Water Manage, (19),67-75 (1991) @No $ @ @ Paliwal K., Karunaichamy K.S. T .K and Ananthavalli M., Effect of sewage water irrigation on growth performance, biomass and nutrient accumulation in Hardwic kia binata under nursery conditions. Bioresource Technol.,(66),105-111 (1998) @No $ @ @ Kaushik P.,  Garg V. K.,  and Singh B., Effect of textile effluents on growth performance of wheat cultivars. Biores. Technol., (96) 1189-1193(2005) @No $ @ @ Yoon C.G, Kwun S.K., Feasibility study of reclimed wastewater irrigation to paddy rice culture in Korea, 127-136 (2001) @No $ @ @ Rahimi A. and Pouzesh H.,Effect of waste water and phosphorus on physiological and morphological characterstics of Barley in the Boyerahmad region of Iran, Annals of biological research, 3(6), 2745-2749 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kocak S., Tokusoglu O., and Aycan S.,Some heavy metal and trace essential element detection in canned vegetable foodstuffs by differential pulse polarography (DPP), Electronic J. Environ. Agric. Food Chem, (4), 871-878 (2005) @No $ @ @ Pandey S.N., Accumulation   of   heavy   metals   (Cd,   Cr,   Ni,   Cu,   and   Zn)   in Raphanus sativus and Spinacea oleracea L. plants irrigated with industrial effluents, J. Environ. Biol., (27) 381-384 (2006) @No $ @ @ Shadma Naaz and   Pandey S. N., Effects of industrial waste water on heavy metal accumulation, growth and biochemical responses of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), Journal  of  Environmental  Biology, (31), 273-276(2010) @No
<#LINE#>Impact of Idol Immersion on Water Quality of Kolar River in Saoner, Dist. Nagpur, India<#LINE#>A.M.@Watkar,M.P.@Barbate<#LINE#>39-42<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-046.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Zoology, Bhalerao Science College, Saoner, Dist. Nagpur, Maharashtra, INDIA<#LINE#>12/7/2013<#LINE#>21/1/2014<#LINE#>India is the country of rich cultural heritage and festivals. Peoples here celebrate festivals with great enthusiasm. Among all the Indian festivals Ganesh Utsav and Durga Puja is celebrated by every community. These festivals end by idol immersion in water. These idols are made up of degradable and non-degradable components and paints containing heavy metals due to that immersion activity deteriorates water quality.The present study has been made to analyze the physicochemical parameters of the river Kolar after idol immersion from two stations for analyzing the various physicochemical parameters such as Temperature, pH, TDS, DO, Phosphate , Nitrate, BOD, COD, Oil and Grease, etc. The work highlights the condition of this river water after idol immersion with respect to the parameters mentioned above. <#LINE#> @ @ Singh S.P., Pathak D. and Singh R., Hydrobiological studies of two ponds of Satna (MP), India, Eco. Evn. And Cons.,8(3), 289-292 (2002) @No $ @ @ Bajpai A., Pani S., Jain R.K. and Mishra S.M., Heavy metal contamination through idol immersion in a tropical lake, Eco: Environment and Conservation Organization, 8(2),157-159 (2002) @No $ @ @ Prasad D. and Gaur H.S., Environmental pollution: Water, Venus Publishing House, New Delhi 294-330 (1992) @No $ @ @ Shukla S.S., Effect of public awareness campaign in mitigating impact of religious activities on Bhopal lakes, Abstract in image of water in religion, myths, literature, Switzerland, Global Biodiversity Forum, 17(2), (2004) @No $ @ @ Gupta A.K., Mishra K., Pramod Kumar, Singh C.S. andSrivastava S., Impact of religious activities on the water characteristics of prominent ponds at Varanasi (UP) India, Plant Archives, 11(1), 297-300 (2011) @No $ @ @ Reddy V.M. and Kumar V.A., Effect of Ganesh idol immersion on some water quality parameter of Hussain Sagar, Current Science, 1412(2001) @No $ @ @ Trivedy P.K. and Goel R.K., Chemical and Biological methods water pollution studies, Environmental publication Karad India (1986) @No $ @ @ APHA, Standard methods for examination of water and waste water, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., 21st Edition (2005) @No $ @ @ Welch P.S., Limnological methods. Blakiston, Philadelphia, 381 (1948) @No $ @ @ Lind O.T., A handbook of Limnological methods, C.V. Mosby, St. Louis, 199 (1979) @No $ @ @ Hutchinson G.E.,A treatise on limnology vol. II John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1015 (1957) @No $ @ @ Murugesan S., Kumar D.S., Rajan S. and Chandrika D., Comparative study of ground water resources of east and west regions of Chennai, Tamilnadu, Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 3(4), 495-499 (2004) @No $ @ @ Waikol V. and Patil C.L., Study of water quality and trace metal concenteration of well-water in dahanu region (Thane, India), Pollution Research, 28(2), 305-307 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ujjania N.C. and Multani A.A., Impact of Ganesh idol immersion activities on the water quality of Tapi River, Surat (Gujrat) India, Research Journal of Biology, 1(1), 11-15 (2011) @No $ @ @ Malik G.M., Raval V.H., Zadafiya S.K. and Patel A.V., Idol immersion and physic-chemical properties of South Gujrat rivers, Current World Environment Journal, 5(1), 173-176 (2010) @No $ @ @ Vyas A., Mishra D.D., Bajpai A., Dixit S. and Verma N., Environment Impact of idol immersion Activity Lakes of Bhopal India, Asian Journal of Experimental Sciences, 20(2), 289-296 (2006) @No $ @ @ Malik G.M., Raval V.H., Zadafiya S.K. and Patel A.V., Idol immersion and physic-chemical properties of South Gujrat rivers India, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 2(3), 21-25 (2012) @No $ @ @ Jadhav P. and Dongare M., Evaluation of dissolved oxygen in Ex Situ Ganesh Idol immersion, Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 8(3), 561-564 (2009) @No $ @ @ Vyas A. and Bajpai A., Water quality survey and monitoring study of idol immersion in context of lower lake Bhopal India, In: Proceedings of tall 2007: the 12th World Lake Congress edited by Sen Gupta M and Dalwani R 1818-1823 (2008) @No $ @ @ Dhote S., Varghese B. and Mishra S.M., Impact of idol immersion on water quality of twin lakes of Bhopal,Indian Journal of Environment Protection, 21, 998-1005 (2001) @No $ @ @ Dhote S. and Dixit S., Hydro chemical changes in two eutrophic lakes of Central India after immersion of Durga and Ganesh idol, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(1), 38-45 (2011) @No
<#LINE#>Preparation of Acute Gastro Enteritis Distribution Maps and Estimation of Population at Risk in Coimbatore District of Tamilnadu, India<#LINE#>P.V.@Joseph,S.@Balasubramaniam<#LINE#>43-48<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-048.pdf<#LINE#>Nirmala College for women (Autonomous) Coimbatore, INDIA @ JSS Medical University, Mysore, INDIA<#LINE#>26/12/2013<#LINE#>2/1/2014<#LINE#>Factors such as booming population, environmental pollution, rapid urbanization, and global warming all influence the conditions for disease outbreaks. Disease studies have revealed strong spatial aspects, including disease case location and disease diffusion. Thus, mapping spatial aspects of diseases could help people understand some puzzles of disease outbreak. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) provide an effective way of managing, storing, analyzing, and mapping disease information. GIS has strong capabilities in mapping and analyzing not only spatial data, but also non-spatial data, and can integrate many kinds of data to greatly enhance disease surveillance. This paper deals with the preparation of Acute Gastroenteritis incidence distribution maps based on population density that would constitute a useful tool for disease control and for the health planners of Coimbatore district of Tamilnadu. The Acute gastroenteritis incidence data was collected from the Deputy Directorate of Health services, Coimbatore district for the period (2000-2009). The data was imported into ArcGIS 10.0. The mean Acute gastroenteritis incidences of Coimbatore district were used for the preparation of the thematic maps. For the present study, Natural breaks classification was used to classify the Acute gastroenteritis incidences data for thematic mapping. Mettupalayam predominantly remains a high incidence area from 2000 to 2009. From the year 2003 onwards and upto 2009, Avinashi and Coimbatore North taluks have consistently shown high incidences.  Two village panchayats Irumbarai and  Ikkaraiboluvampatti are at high risk which has an Acute Gastroenteritis  incidence rate of more than 1;  whereas the villages Maruthur and Coimbatore corporation  have an incidence rate between 0.5 and 1 and  the incidence rate below 0.5 is observed in  ninety six  villages. The risk map clearly visualizes the regions where efforts to control Acute Gastroenteritis have to be concentrated. <#LINE#> @ @ Koch T., Cartographies of disease: maps, mapping, and medicine, ESRI Press (2005) @No $ @ @ Cliff A. and Haggett P., Atlas of the distribution of diseases: Analytical approaches to epidemiological data, Oxford, Oxford University Press (1988) @No $ @ @ Myers M.F., Rogers D.J., Cox J. and Hay S.I., Forecasting disease risk for increased epidemic preparedness in public health, Advances in Parasitology., 47, 309-330  (2000) @No $ @ @ Choynowski M., Maps based on probabilities, J. American Statistical Association., 54, 385-388 (1959) @No $ @ @ Foody G.M., GIS: Health applications. Progress in Physical Geography, 30(5), 691-695 (2006) @No $ @ @ Greene S.K., Schmidt M.A., Stobierski M.G. and Wilson M.L., Spatio-temporal pattern of viral meningitis in Michigan, 1993–2001, J. Geographical Systems, 7(1), 85-99  (2005) @No $ @ @ Greiling D.A., Jacquez G.M., Kaufmann A.M. and Rommel R.G., Space-time visualization and analysis in the Cancer Atlas Viewer, Journal of Geographical Systems, 7(1), 67-84 (2005) @No $ @ @ Ramani S., Banerjee I., Gladstone B.P., Selvapandian D., Le Fevre A.M., Gray J.J., Jaffar S., Gomara M.I., Estes M.K., Brown D.W. and Kang G., Geographic information systems and genotyping in identification of Rotavirus G12 infections in residents of an urban slum with subsequent detection in hospitalised children: Emergence of G12 genotype in South India, J. clin Micro.,45 (2), 432-437 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sarkar R., Prabhakar A.T., Manickam S., Selvapandian D., VenkataRaghava M., kang G. and Balraj V., Epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of acute diarrhoeal disease using geographic information systems, Transactions. Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.,101, 587-593 (2007) @No $ @ @ Moonan P.K., Bayona M., Quitugua T.N., Oppong J., Dunber D., JostJr K.C., Burgess G., Singh K.P. and Weiss S.E., Using GIS technology to identify areas of tuberculosis transmission and incidence, Int. J. Health Geog., 3, 23 (2004) @No $ @ @ Porter J.D.H., Editorial: Geographical information systems and the tuberculosis   DOTs strategy, Trop Medand Int Health., 4 (10), 631-633 (1999) @No $ @ @ Tiwari N., Adhikari C.M.S., Tewari A. and Kandpal V., Investigation of geospatial hotspots for the occurrence of hotspots in Almoradt, India, Using GIS and spatial scan statistics, Int. J. health Geog., 5, 33 (2006) @No $ @ @ Bavia M.E., Hale L.F., Malone J.B., Braud D.H. and Shane S.M., Geographic information systems and the environmental risk of shistosomiasis in Bahia, Brazil, Am. J. Trop Med &Hyg.,60 (4), 566-572 (1999) @No $ @ @ Hope L.A.K., Alonso W.J., Theim V.D., Anh D.D., Canh D.G., Lee H., Smith D.L. and Miller M.A., Geographical distribution and risk factors associated with enteric diseases in Vietnam, Am. J. Trop Med  Hyg.,76 (4), 706-712 (2007) @No $ @ @ Bohra A. and Andrianasolo H., Applications of GIS in modelling of dengue risk based on socio cultural data: Case of Jalor, Rajasthan, India, 22nd Asian conference on Remote sensing, Centre for Remote Imaging, sensing and Processing (CRISP),National University of Singapore, Singapore Institute of Surveyors and Valuers, Asian Association on Remote Sensing (2001) @No $ @ @ Rushton G. and Lolonis P., Exploratory spatial analysis of birth defect rates in an urban population, Statistics in Medicine., 15, 717-726  (1996) @No $ @ @ Kafadar K., Smoothing Geographical data, particularly rates of disease, Statistics in Medicine., 15,  2539-2560 (1996) @No $ @ @ Talbot T.O., Kuldorff M., Teven P.F. and Haley V.B., Evaluation of spatial filters to create smoothed maps of health data. Statistics in Medicine., 18, 2399-2408 (2000) @No $ @ @ Bates S.J., Trostle J., Cevallos W.T., Hubbard A. and Eisenberg J.N.S., Relating diarrhoeal disease to social networks and the geographic configuration of communities in rural Ecuador, Am. J. Epidemologyy., 166 (9), 1088 – 95  (2007) @No $ @ @ Venkatkumar N., Mathew S. and Swaminathan G., A preliminary investigation for groundwater quality and health effects – A case study, Asian. J. Water, Environment and Pollution., 5 (4), 99-107 (2008) @No $ @ @ Hope L.A.K., Alonso W.J., Theim V.D., Anh D.D., Canh D.G., Lee H., Smith D.L. and Miller M.A., Geographical distribution and risk factors associated with enteric diseases in Vietnam, Am. J. Trop Med  Hyg.,76 (4), 706-712 (2007) @No $ @ @ Prashanthi D.M., “Point” Chapter in thesis “GIS for epidemic malaria – Integration of spatial analysis and modelling: A case study of Salem district, India, pages 67-73, Doctoral thesis submitted to Bharathiar University (2006) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharya M.K., Ghosh S., Mukhopadhyay A.K., Deb A. and Bhattacharya S.K., Outbreak of cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae 01 intermediately resistant to norflaxin at Malda, West Bengal, J. Indian Med Assoc.,98, 389-390 (2000) @No $ @ @ Gopal S., Sarkar R., Banda K., Govindarajan J., Harijan B.B., Jeyakumar M.B., Philip Mitta M.E., Sadanala M.E., Selwyn T., Suresh C.R., Thomas V.A., Devadasan P., Selvapandian R.D., Kang G. and  Balraj V., Study of water supply and sanitation practices in India using Geographic Information systems: some design and other considerations is a village setting, Indian. J. Med Res.,129, 233-241 (2009) @No $ @ @ Gorter A.C., Sandiford P., Smith G.D. and Pauw J.P., Water supply, Sanitation and diarrhoeal disease in Nicaragua: Results from a case control study, Int. J. Epidemiology.,20(2), 527-533 (1991) @No $ @ @ Victoria C.G., Vaughan J.P. and Barros F.C., The seasonality of infant deaths due to diarrhoeal and respiratory diseases in Southern Brazil, 1974 – 1978, Bul. Pan. Am Health Organ., 19, 29 – 39 (1985) @No $ @ @ Salazar-Lindo E., Pinell-Salles P., Maruy A. and Chea-Woo E., El Nino and diarrhoea and dehydration in Lima, Peru,  Lancet., 350, 1597-1598  (1997) @No $ @ @ Checkley W. I., Epstain L. D., Gilman R. H., Figueroa R. I., Cama J.A., Patz J.A. and Black R. E., Effect of El nino and ambient temperature on hospital admissions and diarrhoeal diseases in Bolivian children, Lancet., 355, 422 – 450  (2000) @No $ @ @ Kovats R.S. and Tirado C., Climate, weather and enteric disease. In: Menne B, Ebbe KC (eds) Climate change and adaptation strategies for human health, Steinkopff Verlag, Darmstadt, 270-295 (2006) @No $ @ @ Curriero F.C., Patz J.A., Rose J.B. and Lele S., The association between extreme precipitation and waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States, 1948-1994, Am. J. Publ Health., 91, 1194-1199  (2001) @No $ @ @ Brandt C.D., Kim H.W., Yolken R.H., Kapikian A.Z., Arrobio J.O., Rodriguez W.J., Wyatt R.G., Chanock R.M. and Parrott R.H., Comparative epidemiology of the rotavirus serotypes and other viral agents associated with paediatric gastroenteritis, Am.J.Epidemiol., 110, 243-254  (1979) @No
<#LINE#>Study of growth and Haematology of the Fish Oreochromis mossambiccus Grown in the Kullursandhai Reservoir water of Virudhunagar District, India under the Cadmium Chloride Stress<#LINE#>K.@Nagarajan,S.@Kannan,G.@Gunasekaran<#LINE#>49-54<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-050.pdf<#LINE#>PG Research Department of Zoology, VHNSN College, Virudhunagar, TN, INDIA @ Department of Environmental studies, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, INDIA <#LINE#>1/12/2013<#LINE#>5/2/2014<#LINE#>Growth and Haematological parameters of fish Oreochromis mossambiccus  were assessed in the Kullursandhai reservoir water. Growth was noticed both in the unstress and cadmium chloride stress. Length and weight on 30th day was measured as 7.5cm and 27.4 gms in unstress condition. In stress condition it was recorded as 7.40cm and 26.8gms respectively. No much significance difference was noticed between stress and unstress fishes. All haematological parameters showed increasing trend with heavy increase in the number of Lymphocyte in the stress fishes. This increase in the lymphocyte number induced the immune system of the fishes. Therefore it was revealed from the present study that the heavy metal cadmium chloride of concentration 1΅gm do not have any deleterious effect on the food fish Oreochromis in the Kullursandhai reservoir particularly in the monsoon season. <#LINE#> @ @ Venugopalan V.K. and Paulpandian A.L., Methods in Hydrobiology, 175 (1989) @No $ @ @ Wetzel R.G., Limnology Second Edition, Saunders College Publishing, New York  3-25 (1985) @No $ @ @ Ramalingam V., Vimaladevi A., Narmadaraji R. and Prabakaran P., Effect of Lead on Haematology and Biochemical changes in Fresh water fish Cirrhinus mrigala, J.of Poll.. Res., 19(1), 81-84 (2000) @No $ @ @ Patel Vaishali and Parikh Punita, Assessment of seasonal variation in water quality of River Mini, at Sindhrot, Vadodara, Int. J. Env. Sci.,3(5), 1424 – 1436 (2013) @No $ @ @ Patil P.N., Sawant D.N. and Deshmukh R.N., Physico-chemical parameter for testing of water – A review, Int. J. Env. Sci.,3(3), 1194-1207 (2012) @No $ @ @ Goel K.A. and G. Kalpana Gupta, Haematological characteristics of Heteropneusteus fossilis under the stress of Zinc, Ind. J.Fish, 5(2), 256-259 (1985) @No $ @ @ Sumit Homeochudri, Tapan Pandit, Subhas poddar Samir Banerjee,  Effect of Mhua cake on the blood cells abd blood values of an air breathing cat fish, Heteropneuslus fossilis and a carp Cyprinus carpio. Proc. Indian Acad.Sci., 95(5), 617-622 (1986) @No $ @ @ Johal M.S., Pangasa V., Rawal Y.K. and Pavneet Kaur, Scanning electron microscopic studies of the effect of an organophosphorus pesticide, Monocrotopus on the blood of Cyprinus carpio, J. of Poll. Res., 25(5), 487-490 (2004) @No $ @ @ Mathur P.K., Ghajgate D.G. and Hasan M.Z., Environmental Lead and children – A review, Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 17(3), 161-16 (1987) @No $ @ @ Shivakumar J., Study of Cadmium chloride on the Biochemical and growth of the fish Oreochromis mossambiccus, M.Phil thesis, zoology department, VHNSN college, Virudhunagar (1996) @No $ @ @ Yokayama H.O., Studies on the origin development and seasonal variations in the blood cells of the Perch, Perca flasciens, Univ. Wisconsin Madison 144-146 (1947) @No $ @ @ Blaxhall P.C. and K.W. Daisley, Routine haematological methods for use with fish blood Fish Biol, 5, 771-781 (1975) @No $ @ @ Rey G. and Guerrero G.A., Characterisation of blood cells and haematological parameters in Cichloma dimerus (Teleosti, Perciformes), Tissue and Cell, 39, 151-160 (2007) @No $ @ @ Banerjee S.M., Water quality and soil conditions of  fish ponds on some states of India in relation to fish production, 354-56 (1965) @No $ @ @ Pauly D., A mechanism for the juvenile to adult transition in fishes, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 41, 280-284 (1984) @No $ @ @ Nagarajan K., S. Kannan and S. Yogalakshmi, Study of Lead acetate stress on the Haematological parameters of the fish Cyprinus carpio in the Kullursandhai reservoir of Virudhunagar District(TN) during the monsoon season. Paper presented in 3rd International Congress on Global Warming on Biodiversity of Insects: Management and Conservation Strategies, Bharatiar Unvniversity, Coimbatore (2013) @No $ @ @ Srivastava G.K. and B.B. Singh, Physicochemical evaluation of Ami river water, Poll.Res., 14(4), 503-506 (1995) @No $ @ @ Sakthivel M., Effect of varying dietary protein level on the blood parameters of Cyprinus carpio Peoc., Indian Acad. Sci.,  97, 363-366 (1988) @No $ @ @ Lowe Jinde L. and A.J. Niimi, Short term and long term effects of glycogen reserves and liver size in rainbow trout, Arch. Environ.Contan. Toxicol.,  13, 759-764 (1994) @No
<#LINE#>Identification of Radio Nuclides in Soil Samples from selected Locations in Kerala, India<#LINE#>M.@Ramsiya,Joseph@Antony<#LINE#>55-58<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-054.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Physics, University of Calicut, Kerala-673635, INDIA<#LINE#>29/11/2013<#LINE#>7/1/2014<#LINE#>Environmental radioactivity is an unavoidable phenomenon and is definitely harmful to all living organisms. It is non uniformly distributed in earth’s crust and Kerala is considered as one of the high back ground radiation areas. The present study is initiated with the objective of detecting various radio nuclides present in the soil from five different places in the districts of Thrissur and Malappuram in Kerala, using Scintillation detector Nay(Tl), connected to multi channel analyzer.  The samples were analyzed using gamma ray spectroscopic method and the photo peaks from the spectrum indicates the presence of lead (212Pb, 214Pb), actinium (228Ac), bismuth(214Bi) and  potassium (40K).  <#LINE#> @ @ Hand book of radioactivity analysis, Second edition, Elsevier Science (USA), (2003) @No $ @ @ Wood environmental 238U and 232Th concentration measurement in an area of high level natural background radiation at Palong, Jojor, Malaysia, J.Environ. Radioact.,80(1), 287–304 (2005) @No $ @ @ Nuclear radiation detection, measurement and analysis, Muraleedhara Varier K, Narosa publishing house, (2009) @No $ @ @ Guide lines for Radiological mapping using Gamma ray spectroscopy data,  IAEA, Vienna (2003) @No $ @ @ Radiological production principles concerning the natural radioactivity of building materials, European commission-Radiation protection 112, (1999) @No
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Comparative Physico-Chemical Analysis of River Water and underground Water in Winter Season of Rewa City, MP, India<#LINE#>Manoj Kumar@Solanki,O.P.@Gupta,D.K.@Singh,Shukdeo Prasad@Ahirwar<#LINE#>59-61<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-029.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Govt. Engineering College, Rewa, 486002, MP, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, Govt. science College, Rewa, 486001, MP, INDIA @ Department of Geology, Govt. Engineering College, Rewa, 486002, MP, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, Govt. PG College, Niwari, Tikamgarh, 472442, MP, INDIA<#LINE#>5/2/2014<#LINE#>15/3/2014<#LINE#>In this paper we are analyzed to seasonal variation and comparative physico-chemical study of river water and underground water of Rewa city (M.P.), INDIA in winter season. A most of  samples  are within  prescribed  limits  as  suggested  by World  Health Organization  and  Indian  Standard Institute for  drinking  purpose.Seasonal variation in physical  and  chemical  parameters like colour, odour, taste, pH, Total dissolved solids, Total hardness, calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), Sulphate (So2-), carbonate (Co2-), bicarbonate (HCo), Total alkalinity etc. We are studied for a period of year 2013 in winter season. Some data were found in some limits.  <#LINE#> @ @ Manoj Kumar Solanki, O.P. Gupta and Shukdeo Prasad Ahirwar, Study of Yearly Variation and Physico-Chemical study of River Water, Underground Water and Surface Water of Rewa City, MP, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci, 2(9), 1-4 (2013) @No $ @ @ Manoj  Kumar  Solanki  and O.P. Gupta, Physico-chemical  and  comparative  analysis  of   river water,  underground  water  and  surface water  of  Rewa  city MP, India,  Poll Res.,32(2) 235-237 (2013) @No $ @ @ Das N.C., Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Selected Ground Water Samples of Ballarpur City of Chandrapur District, Maharashtra, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci.,2(11), 96-100 (2013) @No $ @ @ Amutha and Prakash, A Study on Fluoride in Drinking Water of Government Kallar Higher Secondary Schools in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India during Pre-monsoon and Post-monsoon seasons of years 2010 to 2012, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(12), 29-34 (2013) @No $ @ @ Verma Apoorv and Pandey Govind, A Study of Groundwater Quality in Urban and Peri-urban Areas of Gorakhpur City in India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci.,3(1), 6-8 (2014) @No $ @ @ Mikia M., Mady-Goma Dirat I., Tsoumou A., Mabanza J., Vouidibio J.and Diatewa M., Preliminary Data on the Ichtyofaun of Djiri River  (Affluent of right bank of Congo River), Int. Res. J. Environment Sci.,2(10), 1-6 (2013) @No $ @ @ Yadav  Janeshwar,  Pathak  R.K.,  Rathour Jaypal  and  Yadav  Ankit,  Physico-Chemical Analysis of   Water  and  Locked  Soil of  Sadli  Reservoir,  Region  Kasrawad,  District Khargone  M.P. INDIA,  International  Research Journal  of  Environment  Sciences, 2(4), 26-29 (2013) @No $ @ @ Chaurasia  Sadhana  and  Karan  Raj, Water  Quality and  Pollution load  of  River  Mandakini at Chitrakoot,  India,  International  Research  Journal  of  Environment  Sciences, 2(6), 13-19 (2013) @No $ @ @ Dubey  Savita, Analysis of   Physico-Chemical  Parameters  of   Kshipra  river  Water at  Ujjain, International   Research  Journal  of  Environment  Sciences, 2(7), 1-4 (2013) @No $ @ @ Smitha  Ajay  D. and   Shivashankar   P.,  Physico  Chemical   Analysis  of   the  Freshwater  at River  Kapila,   Nanjangudu   Industrial  Area , Mysore, India, International  Research  Journal of  Environment  Sciences, 2(8), 59-65 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kumar   Naresh,  Singh Ankusha  and  Sharma Priya, To study  the  Physico-Chemical  properties and Bacteriological  examination   of   Hot  Spring water  from  Vashisht  region in Distt. Kullu of HP, India,  International   Research   Journal  of  Environment  Sciences, 2(8), 28-31 (2013) @No $ @ @ Neelesh  Shrivastava,    Mishra D.D.,  Mishra P.K. and  Avinash  Bajpai,  A  study  on  the sewage disposal  into  the  Machna  river  in  Betul  City,  Madhya   Pradesh,  India,  Advances in Applied Science Research, 3(5), 25 73- 2577 (2012) @No $ @ @ Agarwal A. and Saxena M., Assessment to pollution by physic, chemical water, Advanced applied science  research,  2(2), 185-189 (2011) @No $ @ @ Garizi A.Z., Sheikhm V. and Sadoddin A., Assessment to seasonal variations of chemical characteristics in surface water using multi variatestatistical methods, Int. Jr. Environ. Sci. Tech, 8(3), 581-592 (2011) @No $ @ @ W.H.O. Guidelines for drinking water quality, Vol. 1, Recommendations WHO, Geneva (1984) @No $ @ @ Hemant Pathak and S.N. Limaye,  Study of Seasonal Variation in Groundwater Quality of Sagar City (India) by Principal Component AnalysisE-Journal of Chemistry, 8 (2011) @No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Utilization of various Agricultural waste materials in the treatment of Industrial wastewater containing Heavy metals: A Review<#LINE#>M.A.@Mohammed,A.@Shitu,M.A.@Tadda,M.@Ngabura<#LINE#>62-71<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJEvS-2013-213.pdf<#LINE#>Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MALAYSIA @ Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MALAYSIA<#LINE#>6/10/2013<#LINE#>25/12/2013<#LINE#>The ability of agricultural solid waste such as Palm oil fuel ash, coconut shell, mangos teen, rice husk, corn cob and durian shell in the treatment of industrial waste water containing heavy metals in aqueous solution were reviewed. This Biosorbents has been found to serve as an alternative material to the conventional methods of wastewater treatment, and have the capability to compete favorably in eliminating heavy metal ions. The effects of important parameters such as maximum biosorption capacity, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose, PH of the solution and equilibrium time were also shown. This review presents the use of available agricultural solid wastes as adsorbents to remove different pollutants and the effect of treatment on their efficiencies. <#LINE#> @ @ Regel-Rosocka M., A review on methods of regeneration of spent pickling solutions from steel processing, Journal of Hazardous Material, 177(1-3), 57–69 (2010) @No $ @ @ Agrawal A. and Sahu K.K., An overview of the recovery of acid from spent acidic solutions from steel and electroplating industries, Journal of Hazardous Material, 171(1-3), 61–75 (2009) @No $ @ @ Nagarale R.K., Gohil G.S. and Shahi V.K., Recent developments on ion-exchangemembranes and electro-membrane processes, Advances in Colloid and InterfaceScience, 119(2-3), 97-13 (2006) @No $ @ @ Ferreira R. et al., Biomass Adsorbent for Removal of Toxic Metal Ions From Electroplating Industry Wastewater, Electroplating, 166 (2012) @No $ @ @ Banerjee K., Ramesh S.T., Gandhimathi R., Nidheesh P.V. and Bharathi, K. S. 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Liu N. and Lv L., Adsorption of Lead and Cadmium Ions From Aqueous Solutions By Modified Oil Shale Ash, Oil Shale, 29(3), 268 (2012) @No $ @ @ Farhan A.M., Salem N.M., Ahmad A.L. and Awwad A.M.,Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies of the Biosorption of Heay Metals by Ceratonia Siliqua Bark, 2,335–342 (2012) @No $ @ @ Shawabkeh R., Al-Harahsheh A. and Al-Otoom A., Copper and zinc sorption by treated oil shale ash, Separation and Purification Technology,40(3), 251–257 (2004) @No $ @ @ Gupta N., Amritphale S.S. and Chandra N., Removal of lead from aqueous solution by hybrid precursor prepared by rice hull, Journal of hazardous materials, 163, 1194–8 (2009) @No $ @ @ Giraldo-Gutiιrrez L. and Moreno-Pirajαn J.C., Pb(II) and Cr(VI) adsorption from aqueous solution on activated carbons obtained from sugar cane husk and sawdust, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 81, 278–284 (2008) @No $ @ @ Weber W.J., Physicochemical processes for water quality control, Wiley Interscience: 199-212 (1972) @No $ @ @ Khalid Mahmoud D., Amran Mohd Salleh M. and Wan Abdul Karim W.A., Langmuir model application on solid-liquid adsorption using agricultural wastes: Environmental application review, Journal of Purity, Utility Reaction and Environment, 1, (2012) @No $ @ @ Apinthanapong M. and Phensaijai M., Biosorption of Copper by Spent Yeast Immobilized in Sodium Alginate Beads, 332, 326–332 (2009) @No $ @ @ Areco M.M. and Afonso S., Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces Copper, zinc, cadmium and lead biosorption by Gymnogongrus torulosus, Thermodynamics and kinetics studies,81, 620–628 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ahmad R., Kumar R. and Haseeb S., Adsorption of Cu 2 + from aqueous solution onto iron oxide coated eggshell powder: Evaluation of equilibrium, isotherms, kinetics and regeneration capacity, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 5,353–359 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ali I., Asim M. and Khan T.A., Low cost adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater, Journal of environmental management, 113, 170–83 (2012) @No $ @ @ Arief V.O., Trilestari K., Sunarso J., Indraswati N. and Ismadji S., Recent Progress on Biosorption of Heavy Metals from Liquids Using Low Cost Biosorbents: Characterization, Biosorption Parameters and Mechanism Studies, CLEAN - Soil, Air, water, (12), 937–962 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ashraf M.A., Mahmood K. and Wajid A., Study of low cost biosorbent for biosorption of heavy metals, 9, 60–68 (2011) @No $ @ @ Saikaew W., Kaewsarn P. and Ratchathani U., durian peel as biosorbent for removal of cadmium ions, Under the class of agricultural wastes including, 32, 17–30 (2010) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharyya K.G. and Sharma A., Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaf powder, Journal of hazardous materials, 113, 97–109 (2004) @No $ @ @ Imamoglu M. and Tekir O., Removal of copper ( II ) and lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption on activated carbon from a new precursor hazelnut husks, 228, 108–113 (2008) @No $ @ @ Issabayeva G., Kheireddine M. and Meriam N., Study on palm shell activated carbon adsorption capacity to remove copper ions from aqueous solutions, DES, 262, 94–98 (2010) @No $ @ @ Liu B., Lv X., Meng X., Yu G. and Wang D., Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using dithiocarbamate modified chitosan beads with Pb(II) as imprinted ions, Chemical Engineering Journal, (2013) @No $ @ @ Sreejalekshmi K.G., Krishnan K.A. and Anirudhan T.S., Adsorption of Pb (II) and Pb (II) -citric acid on sawdust activated carbon: Kinetic and equilibrium isotherm studies, 161, 1506–1513 (2009) @No $ @ @ Acharya J., Sahu J.N., Mohanty C.R. and Meikap B.C., Removal of lead ( II ) from wastewater by activated carbon developed from Tamarind wood by zinc chloride activation, 149, 249–262 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sulaymon A.H., Ebrahim S.E., Musawi T.J. Al and Abdullah S.M., Removal of Lead, Cadmium and Mercury Ions Using Biosorption, 11, 1–13 (2010) @No $ @ @ Bairagi H., Khan M.R., Ray L. and Guha A.K., Adsorption profile of lead on Aspergillus versicolor: A mechanistic probing, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 186, 756–764 (2011) @No $ @ @ Depci T., Rza A. and Φnal Y., Competitive adsorption of lead and zinc from aqueous solution on activated carbon prepared from Van apple pulp: Study in single- and multi-solute systems, Chemical Engineering Journal, 200-202,224–236 (2012) @No $ @ @ Feng N. and Guo X., Characterization of adsorptive capacity and mechanisms on adsorption of copper, lead and zinc by modified orange peel, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 22, 1224–1231 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hameed B.H., Din A.T.M. and Ahmad A.L., Adsorption of methylene blue onto bamboo-based activated carbon: Kinetics and equilibrium studies, 141, 819–825 (2007) @No $ @ @ Mohammad M. et al., Metal ion removal from aqueous solution using physic seed hull, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 179, 363–372 (2010) @No $ @ @ Taylor P., Abdelwahab O., Sikaily A. El, Khaled A. and Nemr A. El. Mass-transfer processes of chromium (VI) adsorption onto guava seeds 37–41 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ponnusami V., Vikram S. and Srivastava S.N., Guava (Psidium guajava) leaf powder: novel adsorbent for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions, Journal of hazardous materials, 152, 276–86 (2008) @No $ @ @ Vijayaraghavan K., Palanivelu K. and Velan M., Treatment of nickel containing electroplating effluents with Sargassum wightii biomass, 41, 853–859 (2006) @No $ @ @ Samarghandi M.R., Siboni M.S., Jafari S.J. and Rahimi S., Removal of Divalent Nickel from Aqueous solutions by Adsorption onto Modified Holly Sawdust: , 181–188 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bamaga S.O., Hussin M.W. and Ismail M.A., Palm Oil Fuel Ash: Promising supplementary cementing materials, KSCE J. Civ. Eng.,17, 1708–1713 (2013) @No $ @ @ Chowdhury Z.Z., Zain S.M. and Khan R.A., Equilibrium Kinetics and Isotherm Studies of Cu ( II ) Adsorption from Waste Water onto Alkali Activated Oil Palm Ash, American Journal of Applied Sciences, 8, 230–237 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bello O.S., Oladipo M.A. and Olatunde A.M., Sorption Studies Of Lead Ions Onto Activated Carbon Produced From Oil-Palm Fruit Fibre, Stem Cell, 1, 14–29 (2010) @No $ @ @ Chu K.H. and Hashim M.A., Adsorption and desorption characteristics of zinc on ash particles derived from oil palm waste, Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 77, 685–693 (2002) @No $ @ @ Hashim K.H.C. and M.A., Kinetic Studies of Copper (II) and Nickel (II) Adsorption by Oil Palm Ash, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 9, 163–167 (2003) @No $ @ @ Isa M.H., Kutty S.R.M., Malakahmad A. and Fei C.Y.,Removal of Chromium ( VI ) from Aqueous Solution using Oil Palm Ash, in International Conference on Construction and Building Technology, 315–324 (2008) @No $ @ @ Okafor P.C., Okon P.U., Daniel E.F. and Ebenso E.E., Adsorption Capacity of Coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.) Shell for Lead, Copper, Cadmium and Arsenic from Aqueous Solutions, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 7, 12354–12369 (2012) @No $ @ @ Abdulrasaq O.O. and Basiru O.G., Removal of copper (II), iron (III) and lead (II) ions from Mono-component Simulated Waste Effluent by Adsorption on Coconut Husk, African journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4, 382–387 (2010) @No $ @ @ Okafor P.C., Okon P.U., Daniel E.F. and Ebenso E.E., Adsorption Capacity of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Shell for Lead, Copper, Cadmium and Arsenic from Aqueous Solutions, International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 7, 12354–12369 (2012) @No $ @ @ Israel U. and Eduok U.M., Biosorption of zinc from aqueous solution using coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) coir dust, Archives of Applied Science Research, 4, 809–819 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hamidi A. Aziz, Mohd N Adlan, Chieng S Hui, M. S. M. Z. and B. H. H. Removal of Ni , Cd , Pb , Zn and colour from aqueous solution using potential low cost adsorbent, Indian Journal of Engineering and Material Science, 12,248–258 (2005) @No $ @ @ Prachee Karde, P.N.D. Biosorption of Chromium (Cr VI) From Aqueous Solutions Using Coconut Husk, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology,), 528–533 (2011) @No $ @ @ Zein R., Suhaili R., Earnestly F. and Munaf I.E., Removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Co(II) from aqueous solution using Garcinia mongosteena L. fruit peel, Journal of Hazardous Material, 181 52-56 (2010) @No $ @ @ Yandan Chen, Mingjie Huang, Weiqun Chen, and B.H. Adsorption of cu(ii) from aqueous solution using activated carbon derived from mangosteen peel, Bioresources.com, 7, 4965–4975 (2012) @No $ @ @ Yandan Chen, Mingjie Huang, Weiqun Chen and B.H., Adsorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solution using activated carbon derived from mangosteen peel, Journal of Bio Resources,7, 4965–4975 (2012) @No $ @ @ Zein R., Suhaili R., Earnestly F., Indrawati and Munaf E., Removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Co(II) from aqueous solution using Garcinia mangostana L. fruit shell, Journal of hazardous materials, 181, 52–6 (2010) @No $ @ @ Femi E., The use of the peel of mangosten (garcinia mangostana l.) as biosorbent. Unpublished MSc thesis, Department of Chemistry, Andalas University, Indonesia, 1-18 (2007) @No $ @ @ Huang K., Xiu Y. and Zhu H., Selective removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by adsorption on mangosteen peel, Environmental science and pollution research international, 20, 5930–8 (2013) @No $ @ @ Raju K.S. and Naidu S.V., Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences A Review on Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater by Rice Husk as an Adsorbent, Chem. Biol. Phys. Sci., 3, 602–606 (2013) @No $ @ @ Zakir M., Adsorption of lead (II) and copper (II) ions on rice husk activated carbon under sonication 1. in International Symposium on Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, 25–28 (2013) @No $ @ @ Feng Q., Lin Q., Gong F., Sugita S. and Shoya M., Adsorption of lead and mercury by rice husk ash, Journal of colloid and interface science, 278, 1–8 (2004) @No $ @ @ Hengpeng Ye, G.W.,  Lin Zhang, Beiping Zhang 1 and Du, D. Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution using modified rice husk, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA),, (12), 855–863 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bansal M., Singh D., Garg V.K. and Rose P., Use of Agricultural Waste for the Removal of Nickel Ions from Aqueous Solutions: Equilibrium and Kinetics Studies, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1, 108–114 (2009) @No $ @ @ Santos D. and Lattuada R.M., Peat, Rice husk and Rice rusk Carbon as low cost Adsorbents in metals sorption from synthetic acid drainage of mine effluent (2006) @No $ @ @ Hameed B.H. and Hakimi H., Utilization of durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) peel as low cost sorbent for the removal of acid dye from aqueous solutions, Biochem. Eng. J., 39, 338–343 (2008) @No $ @ @ Mohammed S.A. et al., Nickel and Brilliant Green Removal Efficiency from Aqueous Solution using Durian Rind Powder, in UMT 11th International Annual Symposium on Sustainability Science and Management,1138–1143 (2012) @No $ @ @ Saueprasearsit P., Adsorption of Chromium (Cr+6) Using Durian Peel. in 2011 International Conference on Biotechnology and Environment Management, 18, 33–38 (2011) @No $ @ @ Lesmana S.O., Febriana N., Soetaredjo F.E., Sunarso J. and Ismadji S., Studies on potential applications of biomass for the separation of heavy metals from water and wastewater, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 44, 19–41 (2009) @No $ @ @ Muthusamy P., Murugan S. and Smitha M., Removal of Nickel ion from Industrial Waste Water using Maize Cob., J. Biol. Sci.,, 7–11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Jonglertjunya W., Biosorption of Lead (II) and Copper (II) from Aqueous, Chiang Mai J. 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<#LINE#>Impact of Global Warming on Environment<#LINE#>Pawan@Malik<#LINE#>72-78<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-026.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry SLB D.A.V. College, Batala, Punjab, INDIA<#LINE#>3/2/2014<#LINE#>25/2/2014<#LINE#>Climatic changes is driven by changes in atmospheric concentration of number of relatively active gases called as GHG (Green House Gases). These may be CO, CH, NO,O.,CFC, fluorinated gases. Out of these, CFC has very high relatively potential impact but due to high concentration of CO, it is assumed to be major culprit. An attempt has been made to study how gases affect average temperature of the earth. All the nation in the world contributes to global atmosphere change .As per UNFCCC report, America has just 4% of total population but contribute 31.1% of the total emission. China which is 1/5 of the total world population, its consumption of energy is doubled in last 20 years. Only Russia has less industrial activity, its emission is reduced by 35%. So far India is concerned, it has been calculated to be risen by more than 50%. The studies revealed that these drastic changes in the climate adversely affect the agricultural production, new crop become unsuitable for climatic condition, soil degradation. Rise in sea level will threat to Maldives republic lying only above 2 m sea level. The drastic changes are heavy rain, snowfall in Middle East, unusual cold winter in Indian plains and snowfall in North western Himalayas. The study concluded that not only this affect on ecosystem, but also shows that some species would be forced out of their habitats, affect on human health, lifestyle and economy. <#LINE#> @ @ Islam M.R., Sumathy K., Cabon dioxide driven solar assisted heat pump water heating system :A theoretical analysis, I.Res.J.Environmental Sci., 2(10), 77-92 (2013) @No $ @ @ Bach W., Atmospheric Pollution, McGraw Hill New York (1972) @No $ @ @ Richa A., Gupta A.K. and Mohammad Y., Flood resilience through climate change adaption: A case study of Gorakhpur, Eastern Uttar Pradesh in India, I.Res. J.Environmental Sci., 1(2), 25-28 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mc Ewan M.J. and Phelps L.F Chemistry of Atmosphere. (1975) @No $ @ @ Raman V., Greenhouse effect due to chlorofluorocarbon: Climate Application (1975) @No $ @ @ Marland G Fossil Fuels CO2 emission (1989) @No $ @ @ www.epa.gov/climate change/ghgemission/gases/fgases html (2014) @No $ @ @ Hardy J.T., Climate changes: Causes, effects and solution, New York, J.Wiley (2003) @No $ @ @ Kumar M. and Kumar P.P., Climate change, water resources and food production: Some highlights from India standpoint, I.Res.J.Environmental Sci., 2(1), 79-87 (2013) @No $ @ @ www.climatechangefacts.info/Keith,Global climate, Wiley, New York (1976) @No $ @ @ IPCC, Climate change, Synthesis Report (2007) @No $ @ @ 2.IPCC Report: Fourth Assessment Report (2007) @No $ @ @ Gomitz V., Laebedeff. S. and Hansen J., Global sea Level rise in past century (1982) @No $ @ @ Williams S., Jeffress, Benjamin T. Gutierrez. Robert Thieler and Elizabeth Pendleton, Geological effects and coastal vulnerability to sea level rise, erosion and storms, Solution to coastal disaster 2008 (2008) @No $ @ @ Sharma B.K.  and Kaur H., Environmental chemistry, Goel publishing, Meerut, India (2004) @No $ @ @ Pearman G.I. and Fraser P.J. source of methane (1988) @No $ @ @ Saheb S.U., Seshaiah S. and Viswanath B., I.Res.J.Environmental Sci., 1(3), 44-51 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dutta A.B. and Sengupta I., Environmental Impact assessment and construction, I.Res.J.Environmental Sci., 3(1), 53-61 (2014) @No
<#LINE#>Legality and Legitimacy of Public Participation in Environmental Decision Making Process: A Review of Scenario from State of Odisha, India<#LINE#>Himansu Sekhar@Patra,Priyabrata@Satapathy<#LINE#>79-84<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJEvS-2014-027.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Geography, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha,  INDIA @ Natural resources Knowledge and Activist hub, Action Aid, Odisha, INDIA<#LINE#>4/2/2014<#LINE#>22/2/2014<#LINE#>Development is a continuous process and is essential to enable the population to attain a better standard of life. But it should not be at the cost of the environment. The challenge of a development pattern striving to harmonize economics with social and environmental need requires active citizen participation in public issues. Involvement of the public is one of the fundamental principles of a successful EIA process. It not only provides an opportunity to those directly affected by a project to express their views on the environmental and social impacts of the proposal but also brings about transparency in the environmental clearance system. However it has been found out that this vital part of environmental clearance process has become mere symbolic due to weaknesses in regulation, lack of awareness and expertise among the participants. This raises question on effective EMP implementation and re-addresal of environmental externalities.  The present paper tries to identify the key anomalies and deficiencies by analyzing the minutes of a number of public hearings covering diversified sector in Odisha followed by discussion with project proponent, project affect people and officials of regulatory agencies. Based on the findings, the paper gives a number of suggestive measures about how to make this process more effective and participative.   <#LINE#> @ @ Menon M. and Kohli K., Environmental Decision making: whose agenda?, Economic and Political Weekly June 30, 2490-2494 (2007) @No $ @ @ Environmental Compliance and Enforcement in India: Rapid Assessment, A report prepared by OECD Programme jointly with the Secretariat of the Asian Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Network (AECEN) (2006) @No $ @ @ Skanavis Constantina, Koumouris George A. and Vassiliki Petreniti, Public Participation Mechanisms in Environmental Disasters, Environmental Management, 35(6), 821–837 (2005) @No $ @ @ Paddock LeRoy C., Environmental Accountability and Public Involvement, Pace Environmental Law Review,21, 243 (2004) @No $ @ @ India Strengthening Institutions for Sustainable Growth Country Environmental Analysis, World Bank Sector Report No. 38292-IN – New Delhi: World Bank (2006) @No $ @ @ Making our Voices Matter, A Guide to Environmental Public Hearings, EIA Resource and Response Centre (eRc). @No $ @ @ Ministry of Environment and Forests Notifications: dates Jan, 27, 1994 – S.O.60 (E), dated May 4, 1994 – S.O.356 (E) and dated Apr. 10, 1997 – S.O.318 (E) (1994) @No $ @ @ Sharma R., Agrawall N. and Kumar S., Ecological sustainability In India  through ages, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences,3(1), 70-73 (2014) @No $ @ @ Saheb S.U., Seshaiah S. and Viswanath B., Environment and Their Legal Issues in India, International Research Journal of Environment Sciences,1(3), 44-51 (2012) @No $ @ @ Padia R.G., Global Concern for Environmental Hazards and Remedial Measures’, In: R.B. Singh and S. Misra (eds.) Environmental Law in India Issues and Responses, Concept Publishing House, New Delhi (1996) @No