International Research Journal of Environment Sciences________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 84 Soil Major (N, P, K) and Micro (Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe) Nutrients as Influenced by Different Herbicides in Presence of Fertilizer (NPK) in Field Condition of Aligarh Soil under Wheat Cultivation Ritu SinghDepartment of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 8th August 2014, revised 25th September 2014, accepted 21st October 2014 AbstractThe present study investigated the effect of different herbicide named pendimethalin, 2,4-D, clodinafop, metsulfuron methyl and metribuzin while applying in combination with uniform dose of inorganic fertilizer (NPK) on soil N, P, K, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe nutrients in field experiment on Aligarh soil growing wheat as test crop over a period of 120 days. The study revealed that with high concentration of all the herbicides all the macro as well as micro nutrients decreased. The medium and low herbicide concentrations of all the herbicides proved beneficial for increasing the soil N, P, K and Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe as compared to control. On the other hand use of inorganic fertilizer also may have enhanced these nutrients in soil as these nutrients play a vital role in growth and development of a plant. In this field experiment the use of pendimethalin @1000 gai. proved best for both type of soil nutrients , which may have exerted a positive effect on wheat yield as compared to other herbicides as noticed at harvesting. Metribuzin @ 250 gai. proved least effective herbicide for these macro and micro nutrients and also from the point of view of wheat growth and yield. Keywords: Pendimethalin, metribuzin, macro, micro nutrients and NPK. Introduction In the present agro-ecosystem to control weeds use of herbicides is considered to be an efficient and economic tool. While on the other hand use of inorganic fertilizers to obtain the high yield of crops is also in trend. But this may have significant implications for productivity of soil, sustainability of agriculture. As it has been estimated that only 0.1 % of applied pesticide reached the target and the remaining 99.9 % affects the environment. Metribuzin, Pendimethalin, 2,4-D, clodinafop, glyphosate and metsulfuron methyl are some of pre and post-emergent soil applied herbicide to control weeds and to gain high yield in wheat. Although the herbicide may have a beneficial impact on the agricultural productivity, but, environmental hazards of these chemicals are also of much concern because these chemical compounds like herbicides etc. are largely responsible for affecting the soil microorganisms and enzymes, which are responsible for oxidization, mineralization, reduction, immobilization and turnover of nutrients and other organic compounds in soil3,4 which are finally responsible for soil fertility and growth, development of plant. NPK are essential nutrients which are required in large quantity for various plant physiological processes and growth. Micronutrients are defined as elements which are essential in small quantity. They play critical roles in the biological process of organisms. Environmental and soil concern have prompted the agricultural research to look for improved management strategies. However there is lack of information regarding such work in field conditions. Materials and MethodThe soil used in the investigation was collected from the adjacent district of U.P. (Aligarh). Field study was performed in 5 m2 plots located at agricultural farm Bhujpura (Aligarh). The soil of study was sandy loam in nature. The soil had the pH- 8.10 using Elico pH –meter in 1:2 soil water suspension, organic carbon- .345 % , CEC (meq/100g) -3.4 and % CaCO3 -3.60 . Field study was performed in 5 m2 plots. Five different herbicide named metribuzin, pendimehalin, 2,4-D, metsulfuron methyl and clodinafop were obtained from a local agricultural dealer store in Aligarh. Three different concentrations of herbicides were applied as pre and post –emergent. Herbicides were applied with uniform dose of inorganic fertilizer (NPK) fertilizer @ 120: 60: 40 Kgha-1. One half dose of nitrogen fertilizer was applied after 15 days of sowing. Seeds were sown manually @ 100 Kg ha-1. Irrigation was done 6 times at different growth stages. Wheat was harvested at the maturity. Five samplings were undertaken at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 DAS (days after sowing) for soil nutrients study. The ammonium nitrogen (NH N) was estimated by the method, available phosphorus reported by Olsen S.R. et al10, available potassium by flame photometer and micro nutrients reported by Lindsay W. L. et al 11. The results are the mean of the three replicates. Data were subjected to an analysis of variance (ANOVA) using least significance difference test and comparing the difference between specific treatments reported by Gomez K.A.12. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 85 Table-1 Effect of various herbicides given as low herbicide (LH), medium herbicide (MH) and high herbicide (HH) dose on ammonium nitrogen (NH–N) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under N1206040 uniformly Herbicide concentrations (gai.) Available NH 4 + –N 2 (mg kg - 1 ) 30 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 20.05 20.05 20.05 20.05 20.05 20.05 LH 25.04 27.11 30.28 32.00 24.30 27.75 MH 26.60 28.00 31.30 33.20 25.44 28.91 HH 24.00 26.00 29.00 30.90 23.41 26.66 Mean 23.92 25.29 27.66 29.04 23.30 60 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 26.30 26.30 26.30 26.30 26.30 26.30 LH 30.00 32.19 36.50 38.21 29.23 33.23 MH 31.00 33.28 37.32 40.48 30.00 34.42 HH 29.00 31.00 35.10 37.05 28.19 32.07 Mean 29.08 30.69 33.81 35.51 28.43 90 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 31.00 31.00 31.00 31.00 31.00 31.00 LH 35.51 38.40 40.00 44.32 34.32 38.51 MH 37.84 40.00 41.28 45.12 35.00 39.85 HH 33.61 37.72 38.00 42.33 32.00 36.73 Mean 34.49 36.78 37.57 40.69 33.08 120 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 LH 33.40 35.32 38.19 39.11 32.19 35.64 MH 35.32 37.32 40.48 41.28 33.00 37.48 HH 32.51 36.04 36.52 38.52 31.00 34.92 Mean 32.81 34.67 36.30 37.23 31.55 C.D. at 5% DAS Fertilizer Herbicide Interaction 30 0.180 0.161 0.360 60 0.219 0.196 0.437 90 0.253 0.226 0.506 120 0.239 0.213 0.477 Clodi = Clodinafop; Metsul = Metsulfuron methyl; Pendi = Pendimethalin; Metri = Metribuzin ; A uniform basal dose of N : P : K @ 120 : 60 : 40 kg ha-1 was given. Results and Discussion The study revealed the impact of different herbicides on ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NH N, P, and K) and micro nutrients (Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe) availability in Aligarh field soil with uniform dose of NPK under wheat cultivation. The study proved that soil contamination with herbicides disturbs the soil nutrient status adversely in comparison to control, although the actual disorder depends on the rate of herbicide. Overall the availability of NH N, P, K and of Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe was maximum with pendimethalin @ 1000 gai. followed by metsulfuron methyl, 2,4-D and clodinafop (table 1-7). As in our study the availability of NH N, P, K and Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe was negatively correlated to the herbicide concentrations. Metribuzin @ 250 gai. proved to be the least effective in increasing these both type of nutrients in soil. The availability of these macro nutrients increased up to 90 DAS International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 86 later decreased slightly. Pendimethalin @ 1000 gai. with inorganic fertilizer proved to be the best interaction for these (NH N, P and K) nutrients increase which may have further improved the growth and yield of wheat as compared to other herbicides. But contrary to macro nutrients the micro nutrients marked maximum increase up to 30 DAS (days after sowing) only then declined at later stages with time and concentration. Noteworthy is the fact that the concentrations of both type i.e. macro and micro nutrients were higher in fertilized soils (NPK) as compared to control (table 1-7) indicating the role of the fertilizer for increasing these nutrients. Table-2 Effect of various herbicides given as low herbicide (LH), medium herbicide (MH) and high herbicide (HH) dose on available phosphorus of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under N1206040 uniformly Herbicide concentrations (gai.) Available phosphorus (mg kg-1) 30 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 12.80 12.80 12.80 12.80 12.80 12.80 LH 15.20 17.23 21.42 24.30 14.13 18.46 MH 16.30 19.35 22.80 25.70 15.88 20.01 HH 14.60 16.16 19.44 23.22 13.77 17.44 Mean 14.73 16.39 19.12 21.51 14.15 60 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 15.05 15.05 15.05 15.05 15.05 15.05 LH 18.00 20.00 24.10 27.06 17.50 21.33 MH 19.25 22.10 26.40 28.25 18.60 22.92 HH 17.80 19.75 22.40 26.50 17.30 20.75 Mean 17.53 19.23 21.99 24.22 17.11 90 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 LH 22.00 24.20 27.24 30.10 20.50 24.81 MH 23.85 26.90 29.16 32.30 21.83 26.81 HH 20.95 23.60 24.15 29.00 19.50 23.44 Mean 21.20 23.18 24.64 27.35 19.96 120 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 LH 20.10 22.16 25.23 28.20 18.40 22.82 MH 21.60 24.70 27.00 30.16 19.70 24.63 HH 18.75 21.50 22.00 27.00 17.10 21.27 Mean 19.11 21.09 22.56 25.34 17.80 C.D. at 5% DAS Fertilizer Herbicide Interaction 30 0.121 0.108 0.242 60 0.140 0.125 0.280 90 0.163 0.146 0.326 120 0.149 0.133 0.298 Clodi = Clodinafop; Metsul = Metsulfuron methyl; Pendi = Pendimethalin; Metri = Metribuzin ; A uniform basal dose of N : P : K @ 120 : 60 : 40 kg ha-1 was given. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 87 Table-3 Effect of various herbicides given as low herbicide (LH), medium herbicide (MH) and high herbicide (HH) dose on available potassium of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under N1206040 uniformlyHerbicide concentrations (gai.) Available potassium (mg kg - 1 ) 30 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 27.70 27.70 27.70 27.70 27.70 27.70 LH 30.60 32.12 34.52 39.12 29.62 33.20 MH 31.50 33.30 35.55 41.40 30.15 34.38 HH 29.70 31.00 33.30 37.27 28.52 31.96 Mean 29.88 31.03 32.77 36.37 29.00 60 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 29.90 LH 32.54 35.10 37.35 41.40 31.00 35.48 MH 34.65 36.45 38.25 42.75 32.60 36.94 HH 30.30 34.31 36.10 40.60 29.00 34.06 Mean 31.85 33.94 35.40 38.66 30.63 90 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 35.10 35.10 35.10 35.10 35.10 35.10 LH 37.00 40.60 43.10 49.52 36.00 41.24 MH 38.25 41.85 45.50 51.75 37.35 42.94 HH 36.90 39.00 42.00 48.00 34.11 40.00 Mean 36.81 39.14 41.43 46.09 35.64 120 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 LH 33.11 35.60 40.60 42.75 31.88 36.79 MH 34.30 36.90 41.40 44.10 32.83 37.91 HH 31.50 34.92 39.00 41.90 30.00 35.46 Mean 32.23 34.36 37.75 39.69 31.18 C.D. at 5% DAS Fertilizer Herbicide Interaction 30 0.220 0.197 0.441 60 0.236 0.211 0.471 90 0.275 0.246 0.550 120 0.243 0.217 0.485 Clodi = Clodinafop; Metsul = Metsulfuron methyl; Pendi = Pendimethalin; Metri = Metribuzin ; A uniform basal dose of N : P : K @ 120 : 60 : 40 kg ha-1 was given. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 88 Table-4 Effect of various herbicides given as low herbicide (LH), medium herbicide (MH) and high herbicide (HH) dose on available Cu of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under N1206040 uniformly Herbicide concentrations (gai.) Available Cu (mg kg - 1 ) 30 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 6.37 6.37 6.37 6.37 6.37 6.37 LH 11.20 11.77 12.11 12.52 6.47 10.81 MH 11.43 12.00 12.29 12.73 6.60 11.01 HH 11.00 11.55 12.03 12.37 6.38 10.67 Mean 10.00 10.42 10.70 11.00 6.46 60 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 LH 6.71 7.20 7.47 7.77 5.60 6.95 MH 6.84 7.37 7.68 7.94 5.70 7.11 HH 6.60 7.11 7.35 7.65 5.34 6.81 Mean 6.17 6.55 6.75 6.97 5.29 90 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 LH 6.71 6.73 7.43 7.52 3.70 6.42 MH 6.81 6.94 7.55 7.60 3.89 6.56 HH 6.55 6.66 7.31 7.40 3.65 6.31 Mean 5.96 6.02 6.51 6.57 3.75 120 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90 LH 6.10 6.12 7.14 7.22 3.60 6.04 MH 6.25 6.26 7.25 7.38 3.75 6.18 HH 5.95 6.00 7.00 7.13 3.49 5.91 Mean 5.30 5.32 6.07 6.16 3.44 C.D. at 5% DAS Fertilizer Herbicide Interaction 30 0.071 0.064 0.142 60 0.045 0.040 0.090 90 0.042 0.038 0.085 120 0.039 0.035 0.079 Clodi = Clodinafop; Metsul = Metsulfuron methyl; Pendi = Pendimethalin; Metri = Metribuzin ; A uniform basal dose of N : P : K @ 120 : 60 : 40 kg ha-1 was given. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 89 Table-5 Effect of various herbicides given as low herbicide (LH), medium herbicide (MH) and high herbicide (HH) dose on available Mn of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under N1206040 uniformly Herbicide concentrations (gai.) Available Mn (mg kg-1) 30 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 8.44 8.44 8.44 8.44 8.44 8.44 LH 10.30 10.40 11.06 11.16 8.32 10.25 MH 10.42 10.68 11.30 11.36 8.50 10.45 HH 10.10 10.26 10.88 10.98 8.14 10.07 Mean 9.82 9.95 10.42 10.49 8.35 60 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 6.70 6.70 6.70 6.70 6.70 6.70 LH 9.78 9.96 10.10 11.06 6.86 9.55 MH 9.94 10.08 10.24 11.32 7.12 9.74 HH 9.56 9.70 9.90 10.92 6.76 9.37 Mean 9.00 9.11 9.24 10.00 6.86 90 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30 LH 8.76 8.90 9.68 9.98 6.26 8.72 MH 8.98 9.04 9.92 10.16 6.40 8.90 HH 8.60 8.76 9.58 9.70 6.10 8.55 Mean 7.91 8.00 8.62 8.79 6.02 120 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 4.80 LH 4.78 5.14 8.78 8.94 4.86 6.50 MH 4.98 5.28 9.02 9.10 4.94 6.66 HH 4.60 4.98 8.60 8.76 4.80 6.35 Mean 4.79 5.05 7.80 7.90 4.85 C.D. at 5% DAS Fertilizer Herbicide Interaction 30 0.068 0.061 0.137 60 0.063 0.056 0.126 90 0.057 0.051 0.113 120 0.043 0.039 0.087 Clodi = Clodinafop; Metsul = Metsulfuron methyl; Pendi = Pendimethalin; Metri = Metribuzin ; A uniform basal dose of N : P : K @ 120 : 60 : 40 kg ha-1 was given. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 90 Table -6 Effect of various herbicides given as low herbicide (LH), medium herbicide (MH) and high herbicide (HH) dose on available Zn of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under N1206040 uniformly Herbicide concentrations (gai.) Available Zn (mg kg-1) 30 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 2.74 LH 5.42 6.82 8.66 11.42 3.40 7.14 MH 5.84 7.10 9.00 11.78 3.92 7.53 HH 5.30 6.64 8.40 11.18 3.30 6.96 Mean 4.83 5.83 7.20 9.28 3.34 60 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 LH 2.42 2.68 2.72 4.64 1.86 2.86 MH 2.70 2.76 2.94 4.94 1.98 3.06 HH 2.24 2.58 2.56 4.48 1.78 2.73 Mean 2.29 2.46 2.51 3.97 1.86 90 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 1.62 LH 1.96 2.06 2.22 3.46 1.80 2.30 MH 2.02 2.24 2.42 3.92 1.90 2.50 HH 1.78 1.98 2.02 3.18 1.70 2.13 Mean 1.85 1.98 2.07 3.05 1.76 120 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 LH 1.34 1.50 1.58 1.66 1.26 1.47 MH 1.50 1.74 1.76 1.94 1.36 1.66 HH 1.20 1.36 1.40 1.56 1.20 1.34 Mean 1.33 1.47 1.50 1.61 1.27 C.D. at 5% DAS Fertilizer Herbicide Interaction 30 0.048 0.043 0.096 60 0.019 0.017 0.039 90 0.015 0.014 0.031 120 0.010 0.009 0.020 Clodi = Clodinafop; Metsul = Metsulfuron methyl; Pendi = Pendimethalin; Metri = Metribuzin ; A uniform basal dose of N : P : K @ 120 : 60 : 40 kg ha-1 was given. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 91 Table-7 Effect of various herbicides given as low herbicide (LH), medium herbicide (MH) and high herbicide (HH) dose on available Fe of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under N1206040 uniformly Herbicide concentrations (gai.) Available Fe (mg kg-1) 30 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 9.96 9.96 9.96 9.96 9.96 9.96 LH 10.60 10.92 10.96 12.34 10.50 11.06 MH 10.78 11.08 11.10 12.44 10.60 11.20 HH 10.44 10.78 10.80 12.16 10.34 10.90 Mean 10.45 10.69 10.71 11.73 10.35 60 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 8.64 8.64 8.64 8.64 8.64 8.64 LH 10.00 10.22 10.80 10.96 9.94 10.38 MH 10.12 10.40 10.98 11.14 10.10 10.55 HH 9.86 10.00 10.62 10.76 9.76 10.20 Mean 9.66 9.82 10.26 10.38 9.61 90 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 6.76 6.76 6.76 6.76 6.76 6.76 LH 8.20 8.56 8.82 9.00 7.84 8.48 MH 8.38 8.72 9.04 9.22 8.08 8.69 HH 8.00 8.40 8.66 8.80 7.60 8.29 Mean 7.84 8.11 8.32 8.45 7.57 120 DAS Clodi. 2,4-D Metsul. Pendi. Metri. Mean Control 5.28 5.28 5.28 5.28 5.28 5.28 LH 7.40 7.66 7.74 7.96 7.14 7.58 MH 7.60 7.84 7.92 8.12 7.30 7.76 HH 7.22 7.48 7.58 7.78 6.96 7.40 Mean 6.88 7.07 7.13 7.29 6.67 C.D. at 5% DAS Fertilizer Herbicide Interaction 30 0.074 0.067 0.149 60 0.069 0.062 0.138 90 0.056 0.050 0.112 120 0.049 0.044 0.098 Clodi = Clodinafop; Metsul = Metsulfuron methyl; Pendi = Pendimethalin; Metri = Metribuzin ; A uniform basal dose of N : P : K @ 120 : 60 : 40 kg ha-1 was given. International Research Journal of Environment Sciences______________________________________________ ISSN 2319–1414 Vol. 3(10), 84-93, October (2014) Int. Res. J. Environment Sci. International Science Congress Association 92 Generally use of herbicides results in increase of some bacterial and fungal population, which ultimately affects nutrients in soil 13,as increase in the available NH N may be due to increase in actinomycetes and nitrifying bacteria. Similarly, the Pseudomonas spp. of bacteria became dominant after herbicide addition in soil, which is responsible for more release and solubilisation of phosphate in soil. Increase in available K might be either due to release of fixed K from mineral lattice or solubilisation effects caused by certain fungi (A. niger) and bacteria (Bacillus siliceous), which may have decomposed the alumino silicate minerals thus released portion of K contained therein. Such results are also reported by others14. While considering the role of optimum concentration of herbicides (Pendimethalin @ 1000 gai. and of other herbicides), it may be due to suppression and/or elimination of weeds and the pathogenic population and also the probable increased population of saprophytic fungi, bacteria responsible for ammonification, nitrification and detoxification, which may have promoted better mineralization and availability of these macro and micro nutrients in soil and increased seed yield of wheat as reported in this study. While the use of tables 1 to 7. Inorganic fertilizer increased the availability directly in soil. Thus use of herbicides with fertilizers may have exerted a favourable effect on wheat growth and yield as noted in this experiment. Recommended or medium dose positively affected the barley yield 15. Reason behind this may be that higher dose of herbicide may have exerted a negative influence on soil nutrients by disturbing the soil physicochemical and biological properties etc. and also these chemicals are transported in all plant tissues, cellular structures which may finally lead to yield loss also16. Conclusion The main objective of the study was to assess the effects of different concentrations of different herbicides in Aligarh field soil with NPK and to find out the optimum dose of suitable herbicide for wheat growth and yield in field situation. Use of metribuzin @ 250 gai. proved excessive and least effective for Aligarh field soil as it is a selective herbicide with systemic mode of action , have very low degradation at higher temperature also and greatly affects the photosysnthesis. Thus affects largely soil as well as plant. Our study proved that pendimethalin @1000 gai. with fertilizer proved best treatment for soil nutrients as well as for wheat. It is because of the fact that different herbicides have different structure and degradation processes in soil like herbicide with polar group viz. OH, COOH, NH like pendimethalin are easy to microbial degradation while herbicide with halogenated and alkyl, chlorinated group like clodinafop, 2,4-D and metsulfuron methyl and metribuzin having Cl, F, S in the ring are hard to degrade in soil and thus affects soil nutrients and plant. Even soil properties also affect degradation of these different type of herbicides. Which might have affected the performance of these herbicides differently?Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge the U. G. C. Government of India, New Delhi for the financial assistance in the form of scholarship to carry out my research work.References 1.Singh J. and Singh D.K., Ammonium, nitrate and nitrite nitrogen and nitrate reductase enzyme activity in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fields after diazinone, imidacloprid and lindane treatments, J. Environ. Sci. 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