@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Variation in Reproductive cycle of a Teleost Fish Rasbora  Daniconius of Shahdol District, MP, India with Special Reference to Gonadosomatic Index: A Quantitative Study<#LINE#>K.@Kumar<#LINE#>1.3<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-048.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, Pt. S. N. S. Govt. P. G. College, Shahdol, M.P., INDIA <#LINE#>7/4/2015<#LINE#>17/5/2015<#LINE#>The present piece of research work carried out to explore the variations in reproductive physiology in an experimental teleost fish, Rasbora daniconius at the different ecological habitats. The experimental fish species was collected from the different selected experimental sites at regular intervals and the gonadosomatic index was observed. A great deal of variation in gonadosomatic index was observed in fishes collected from the different sites. At a particular site the gonadosomatic index value was very diminished in comparison to other sites. The diminished value of GSI at a particular site was due to heavily intoxicated water reservoir.<#LINE#> @ @ Doha S. and Hye M.A., Fecundity of Padma river hilsa, Pak. J. Sci., 22, 176 –184(1970) @No $ @ @ Nikolsky G.V., Ecology of Fishes, Academic Press, London, (1963) @No $ @ @ Kottelat M. and Tan H.H., Rasbora atranus, a new species of fish from central Borneo (Teleosteii: Cyprinidae), Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 22(3), 215-220 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kottelat M. and Tan H.H., Rasbora cryptica, a new species of fish from Sarawak, Borneo (Teleosteii: Cyprinidae), Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23(1), 37-44(2012) @No $ @ @ Rehman S., Islam M.L., Shah M.M.R., Mondal S. And Alam M.J., Observation on the Fecundity and Gonosomatic index (GSI) of Grey Mullet Liza Persia(Ham), J. Biol. Sci., 2(10), 690-693 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kumar K. and Katare P., Water Quality Assessment with reference to Aquatic Life, Madhya Bharti, LIX, 116-118 (2015) @No $ @ @ Froese Rainer and Daniel Pauly eds., Species of Rasbora in Fish Base, December 2013 version, (2013) @No $ @ @ Hossain M.A., Taleb A. and Rahman M.H., Reproduction and fecundity of Ompokpabda (Ham), Bangladesh J. Sci. Res., 101, 49-52(1992) @No   
<#LINE#>Effect of Fluoride and Chlorhexidine Varnish on Biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans<#LINE#>Suman@Ethel,Jitendra@Chandra Devrari,Devrari@ra,Umesh@Uparna,Paul@Sanchit,Suprabha@BaranyaShrikrishna,M@ShashidharKotian<#LINE#>4-7<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-054.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, INDIA @ Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, INDIA @ Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>14/4/2015<#LINE#>20/5/2015<#LINE#>The study aimed at finding the action   of Fluoride and Chlorhexidine varnish on the amount of biofilm produced by Streptococcus mutans in vitro. Streptococcus mutans isolated from the plaque of 30 patients prior to varnish treatment and following treatment were used for the study. Biofilm production was done by O’ Toole and Kolter method and OD values were recorded spectrophotometrically at 48h. The same was repeated following 48h, 1 month and 3 months after varnish treatment. The amount of biofilm produced was evaluated. The results were compiled systematically and analysed using SPSS 17.0. Group comparison was done by ANOVA test and intergroup comparison at different time intervals was done by Bonferroni t test. Comparison between the groups was done by Tukey’s test. Streptococcus mutans was isolated from all 30 of them after 1month and 3 months following treatment. There was a significant decrease in biofilm production by the isolates after treatment with varnish. This study suggests that there is gradual loss of effect of Fluoride and Chlorhexidine varnish on viability of Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque. Nonetheless it can decrease the biofilm producing property of the organism in vitro. <#LINE#> @ @ Ten Cate JM., Biofilms, A new approach to the microbiology of dental plaque, Odontology; 94(1), 1-9 (2006) @No $ @ @ Marsh PD, Dental plaque as a microbial biofilm, Caries Res, 38, 204-11 (2004) @No $ @ @ Selwitz R H, Ismail A L and Pitts N B., Dental caries., Lancet; 369(9555), 51-9 (2007) @No $ @ @ Hamada S, Koqa T and Ooshima T., Virulence of Streptococcus mutans and dental caries prevention, J Dent Res, 63(3), 407-11 (1984) @No $ @ @ Bhardwaj SB, Probiotics and oral health, An update, Int J Contemporary Dent, 1(3), 116-119 (2010) @No $ @ @ 6.Emilson CG, Potential efficacy of chlorhexidine against Streptococcus mutans and human dental caries. J Dent Res; 73(3), 682-691 (1994) @No $ @ @ Balanyk T E. and Sandham H S., Development of sustained release antimicrobial dental varnishes effective against Streptococcus mutans in vitro. J  Dent Res, 64, 1356-60 (1985) @No $ @ @ Sanchit Paul, Suprabha Baranya Shrikrishna, Ethel Suman, Ramya Shenoy and Arathi Rao, Effect of fluoride varnish and chlorhexidine-thymol varnish on mutans streptococci levels in human dental plaque: A double- blinded randomized controlled trial, Int J Paed Dentistry, 24(6), 399-408 (2014) @No $ @ @ O’Toole G A and Kolter R, Initiation of biofilm formation in  Pseudomonas  fluorescens W C S 365 proceeds via multiple convergent signaling pathways, A genetic analysis, Mol. Microbial; 28, 449-461 (1998) @No $ @ @ Madhyastha P, Kotian R, Pai V and Khader AMA, Fluoride release from glass ionomer cements: Effect of temperature, time interval and storage conditions, J Contemporary Dent,  3(2), 68-73 (2013) @No $ @ @ Yap AU, Tham SY, Zhu LY and Lee HK, Short-term fluoride release from various aesthetic restorative materials, Oper Dent, 27(3), 259-65 (2002) @No $ @ @ Nigam AG, Jaiswal J, Murthy R and Pandey R, Estimation of fluoride release from various dental materials in different media-an in vitro study, Int J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2(1), 1-8 (2009) @No $ @ @ Takeuchi Y, Guggenheim B, Filieri A and Baehni P, Effect of chlorhexidine/thymol and fluoride varnishes on dental biofilm formation in vitro, Eur J Oral Sci, 115(6), 468-72 (2007) @No $ @ @ Knight G M, Mclntyne J M, Craig G, Mulyani, Zilm PSand Gully NJ, Inability to form a biofilm of Streptococcus mutans on silver fluoride and potassium iodide treated demineralised dentin, Quintessence Int, 40(2), 155-61 (2009) @No $ @ @ Autio-Gold J, The role of chlorhexidine in caries prevention, Oper Dent, 33(6), 710-6 (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Chelate-assisted Phytoextraction of Chromium in Drought Resistant and Drought Succeptible variety of Rice<#LINE#>P.@Mantry,H.K.@Patra<#LINE#>8-14<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-066.pdf<#LINE#><#LINE#>30/4/2015<#LINE#>26/5/2015<#LINE#>Due to its wide industrial use, Cr is considered a serious environmental pollutant. Toxicity of Cr varies with its valence state (Cr+3 and Cr +6). In the present study, the uptake of Cr+6 were studied in drought resistant and drought susceptible variety of rice by applying two concentrations of Cr 10mg and 50mg/Kg of soil supplementing with various chelators such as Ethylene Diamine Tetracetic Acid (EDTA), Salicylic Acid(SA) and Citric Acid(CA). Accumulation of chromium showed an increasing trend with gradual increase in chromium concentration from 10mg to 50mg/kg of soil. Both the varieties of plants were grown under water logged and drought condition. Supplementation with chelating agents also showed an increase trend of chromium accumulation in presence of EDTA than SA and CA. The drought resistant variety showed more Cr-uptake than the drought susceptible variety when grown under both drought condition and water logged condition. The treatment of Cr 50mg with EDTA depicts more uptake or Cr than all the treatments. The result of the present study may help in phytoremediating heavy metal pollutants from the environment.  <#LINE#> @ @ Becquer T., Quantin C., Sicot M. and Boudot J.P., Chromium availability inultramafic soils from New Caledonia, Sci Total Environ, 301, 251– 61 (2003) @No $ @ @ Panda S.K. and Patra H.K.,  Nitrate and ammonium ions effect on the chromium toxicity indeveloping wheat seedlings, Proc Natl Acad Sci India B,70, 75–80 (2000a) @No $ @ @ Ghosh M. and Singh S.P., A review on phytoremediation of heavy metals and utilization of its by-products, Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res, 3(1), 1-18 (2005) @No $ @ @ Behbahaninia A., Mirbagheri S.A., Khorasani N., Nouri J. and Javid A.H., Heavy metal contamination of municipal effluent in soil and plants, J Food Agric. Environ, 7 (3&4)5, 851- 856 (2009) @No $ @ @  Huang B., Duncan R. R., Carrow R.N., Drought-resistance mechanisms of seven warmseason turf grasses under surface soil drying. II. Root aspects, Crop Sci., 37, 1863–1869 (1997) @No $ @ @ Bahmanyar M.A., Cadmium, Nickel, Chromium, and Lead Levels in Soils and Vegetables under Long-Term Irrigation with Industrial Wastewater, Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 39, 2068-2079 (2008) @No $ @ @ Sauerbeck D.R, Plant, element and soils properties governing uptake and availability of heavy metals derived from sewage sludge, Water Air Soil Pollution, 57-58, 227-237 (1991) @No $ @ @ Pulford I.D. and Watson C., Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated land by trees-A review, Environ. Int., 29, 529–540 (2003) @No $ @ @ Davies FT., Puryear JD., Egilla JN. and Grossi JAS. Mycorrhizal fungi enhance accumulation and tolerance of chromium in sunflower (Helianthus annuus), J Plant Physiol, 158, 777– 86 (2001) @No $ @ @ Leyval C., Singh B.R. and Joner E.J., Occurrence and infectivity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in some Norwegian soils influenced by heavy metals and soil properties, Water Air Soil Poll., 83, 203-216 (1995) @No $ @ @ Turnau K., Heavy metal content and localization in mycorrhizal Euphoria cyparission from zinc wastes in Southern Poland, Acta Soci. Bot. Poloniae., 67, 105-113(1998) @No $ @ @ Nowack B., Schulin R. and Robinson B.H., Critical assessment of chelant-enhanced metal phytoextraction. Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 5225–5232 (2006) @No $ @ @ Mohanty M. and Patra H.K., Attenuation of Chromium Toxicity by Bioremediation Technology, Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 210, 1-34, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7615-4_1 (2011) @No $ @ @ Cao  A., Carucci A. , Lai T., Colla P. L. and Tamburini E., Effect of biodegradable chelating agents on heavy metals phytoextraction with Mirabilis jalapa and on its associated bacteria, Eur. J Soil Biol., 43, 200–206 (2007) @No $ @ @ Zhao Z.,  Xi M., Jianga G., Liua  X., Bai Z. and Huang Y., Effects of IDSA, EDDS and EDTA on heavy metals accumulation in hydroponically grown maize (Zea mays, L.)., J. Hazard. Mater, 181, 455–459 (2010) @No $ @ @ Evangelou M.W.H., Ebel M. and Schaeffer A., Chelate assisted phytoextraction of heavy metals from soil. Effect, mechanism, toxicity, and fate of chelating agents, Chemosphere, 68(6),  989–1003 (2007) @No
<#LINE#>Endangered Plants and their uses of Sivasagar District, Assam, India<#LINE#>P@Jiji<#LINE#>15-18<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-070.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Swahid Peoli Phukan College, Namti Namtidole, Sivasagar, Assam, INDIA <#LINE#>10/5/2015<#LINE#>13/6/2015<#LINE#>Assam is a strategically very important state of North Eastern region. It has a treasure of biodiversity. Sivasagar District of Assam is a historical place was capital city of ahom dynasty. The district is also important due to their natural resources. The district  have six reserve forest areas, viz. Sapekati, Dilli, Abhaypur, Sola, Gelekey, and Panidihing  reserve forests, having treasure of biodiversity due to wide variability in climatic and edaphic condition. Major parts of the flora of Assam are found in Sivasagar District. Ethnic people (Tai-Ahom, Tai-Shyam, Tai-Phake, Mising, Kachari, Sonowal and various Tea-tribe) are living neighboring these forests. They depend the forest for their shelter, food, medicines, fodder etc. But biodiversity of district is declining fast and most of the plants were coming under IUCN red list due to  increased demand, destructive harvesting over exploitation, illegal trade, opens grazing, developing buildings etc. To meet the demand of authentic plant materials from the field, plantation of medicinal plant farm helps for sustainable utilization. <#LINE#> @ @ Kala C.P., Ethno medicinal Botany of the Apatani in the Eastern Himalayan Region of India, Journal of Ethno biology and Ethno medicine, 1:11. Doi: 10.1186/174269-1-ation of India (2001 census), (2005) @No $ @ @ Malla S.B and Shakya P.R, Medicinal plants of Nepal, In Nepal: Natures' Paradise edited by: Majupuria T.C., White Lotus Ltd, Bangkok, 261-297, (1984) @No $ @ @ Nambier V.P.K., Improved harvesting, processing and storage of medicinal plants: their role in conservation and quality of plant based drugs. In Proceeding of Sharing Local and National Experience in Conservation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in South Asia, January 21–23, 2001 Edited by: Bhattarai N, Karki M. Government of Nepal, IDRC and MAPPA; 42-45 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kunwar R.M., Nepal B.K., Kshetri H.B., Rai S.K. and Bussmann R.W., Ethno medicine in Himalaya: a case study from Dolpa, Humla, Jumla and Mustang districts of Nepal, Journal of Ethno biology and Ethno medicine, 2,27, (2006) @No $ @ @ Planning commission, Report of the Task Force on Conservation and Sustainable use of Medicinal Plants, Planning commission, Government of India (2000) @No $ @ @ Kala C.P. and Sajwan B.S., Revitalizing Indian Systems of Herbal Medicine by the National Medicinal Plants Board through Institutional Networking and Capacity Building, Current Science,93(6), (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Microbiological Safety of Small Pelagic Fishery: Case of L. Albert, Uganda<#LINE#>Margaret@Masette,Edgar@TinyiroSamuel<#LINE#>19-23<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-075.pdf<#LINE#>Food Biosciences and Agribusiness Research Program, National Agricultural Research Laboratories, 7065, Kampala, UGANDA <#LINE#>13/5/2015<#LINE#>22/6/2015<#LINE#>Microbiological data was generated as a pre-requisite for development of a quality management system for small pelagic fisheries on L. Albert. Representative landing sites known for small pelagic fishery on L. Albert namely Butiaba, Walukuba and Bugoigo were assessed for water quality and overall hygiene using microbiological indicators. Contact surfaces were swabbed and they included; fishing boat, small pelagic fish (skin), fisher hands, fishing net. The Heterotrophic Plate Counts (HPC) indicated that the offshore water quality was significantly higher than inshore water (0.05) notwithstanding the relatively high counts; 1.36x10 to 2.0x10 CFU/mL.  E. coli count was highest in the inshore water of Walukuba at &#x-1.0;ȃ1.1x10 and lowest in offshore water (Bugoigo) at 1.0x10 MPN/100mL. Vibrio spp. showed seasonality as it was absent in water samples analysed in June while it was detected in October for all landing sites. Presumptive biochemical characterization indicates that the dominant species are V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. Total Plate Counts (TPC) were high especially from the fishing boats (2.76x10 CFU/10cm) and nets (6.35x10 CFU/10cm). Fishers' hands (Bugoigo), when washed had relatively lower counts (3.18x10 CFU/10cm) compared to unwashed (6.2x10CFU/10cm) however, washing was not the usual practice. The highest count on small pelagic fish was 1.96x10 while the lowest was 1.4x10 CFU/10cm. Generally, the microbiological quality of the lake water was poor and varied with season and distance from the shore. Hygiene and sanitation of fishers, small pelagic fish and fish handling surfaces of the selected landing sites was unsatisfactory.  <#LINE#> @ @ Wandera S.B. and Balirwa J.S., Fish species diversity and relative abundance in Lake Albert: Uganda, Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management,13), 284-293 (2010) @No $ @ @ DFR-MAAIF, Department of Fisheries Resources-Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, Annual Report 2010/2011, (2012) @No $ @ @ NAFIRRI National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, Report of catch assessment survey of L. Albert-Albert Nile, (2012) @No $ @ @ DFR-MAAIF, Information on fisheries management in Uganda, (2003) @No $ @ @ FTI/DFID, Fisheries Training Institute/Department for International Development, Impact of globalization on fish utilization and marketing systems in Uganda, (2002) @No $ @ @ WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature), Baseline Study on Water Quality Monitoring Programme, Lake Albert Eastern Catchment Management Initiative, Uganda.  Norad Project no.: UGA-04/193, WWF project no.: UGA 0028 / 5010 (2005) @No $ @ @ WWCC (Wagga Wagga City Council): Department of Community Services, Lake Albert Monitoring Report 2000) @No $ @ @ He L., MJ. Lu and W. Shi, Variability of fecal indicator bacteria in flowing and ponded waters in southern California: implications for bacterial TMDL development and implementation, Water Res, 4114), 3132–3140(2007) @No $ @ @ Environment Agency: UK, The Microbiology of Recreational and Environmental Waters, Methods for the examination of waters and associated materials, Standing Committee of Analysts Blue Books, 175, (2000) @No $ @ @ Clescerl L.S., Greenberg A.E. and Eaton A.D., Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, Amer Public Health Assn, 20, 1325 (1999) @No $ @ @ Köster W., Egli T., Ashbolt N., Botzenhart K., Burlion N., Endo T., Grimont P., Guillot E., Mabilat C., Newport L., Niemi M., Payment P., Prescott A., Renaud P. and Rust A., Analytical methods for microbiological water quality testing, In Indicators of Microbial Water Quality(ed. J. Bartram), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development/World Health Organization, Geneva, , 237-292 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kaysner C., DePaola A.J. and US Food and Drug Administration, bacteriological analytical manual, methods for specific pathogens, Chapter 9, Vibrio (2004) @No $ @ @ ICMSF (International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods), Microorganisms in foods, their significance and methods of enumeration, 2nd edn. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press, , (1978) @No $ @ @ UBOS (Uganda Bureau of Statistics), Uganda Population and Housing Census (2002) @No $ @ @ Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality, National Water Quality Management Strategy, Paper No. 4, The Guidelines (Chapters 1–7), Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand , (2000) @No $ @ @ WHO, Guidelines for Safe Recreational Water Environments, Coastal and Fresh Water,, (2003) @No $ @ @ Prabakaran P., Sendeesh Kannan K., Anand M. and Pradeepa V., Microbiological quality assessment in a fish processing plant at Mandapam, Ramanathapuram District, Scholars Research Library, Archives of Applied Science Research,), 135-138 (2011) @No 
<#LINE#>Earthworm Processed Weeds on Plant Growth Attributes<#LINE#>M.@Kanchilakshmi,Thaddeus@Arockiam,Chandrasekar ,G@Sumathi<#LINE#>24-28<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-076.pdf<#LINE#>PG and Research Centre of Zoology Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women, Periyakulam, Tamil Nadu, INDIA @ Mano College, Manonmanium Sundaranar University, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, INDIA <#LINE#>14/5/2015<#LINE#>9/6/2015<#LINE#>Weed biomass is one of the potential sources of organic matter and nutrients if perfectly utilized. In recent years increased emphasis has been produced globally for integrated use of biofertilizers and organic manures. Weeds are the constraints in successful crop production. Similarly, most of the dicot weeds are also used as medicine, vegetables, feed, and fuel and for compost making.  In the (Ipomea carne, Jatropha curcas, Datura inoxia and Calotopis gigantea) and evaluated for their nutrient status of vermicomposts. The result revealed that the nutrient status, maximum plant growth and  yield was higher in the nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus (NPK) value for the following vermicomposts Ipomea carnea (2.49,0.8,0.15) Jatropha curcas (1.23,0.1,0.10) Datura inoxia (1.4,0.7,0.3) and Calotropis gigantea (1.7,0.1,0.63) compared with control. Hence, it was terminate that the aforesaid vermicomposts are higher nutrients and higher yielding in Ipomea carnea and Jatropha curcas vermicomposts. Thus, the weeds are not waste, to be approach the formers. <#LINE#> @ @ Parr F and Colacicco D., Organic materials as alternative nutrient Sources, Helsel, Z. R. (Ed.), Energy in plant nutrition and pest control, Elsevier Science PublishersB.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 4, 81-99, (1987) @No $ @ @ Darwin C., The formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms, with observations on their habitats, Murray, London, 326, (1881) @No $ @ @ Edwards CA and Burrows I., The potential of earthworm composts as plant growth media in Neuhauser, CA (Ed), Earthworms in Environmental and Waste Management, SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, the Netherlands,211-220 (1988) @No $ @ @ Rajendran P, Jayakumar E, Kandula S and Gunasekaran P, Vermiculture and vermicomposting biotechnology for organic farming and rural economic development, http://www.eco-web.com/edi/080211.html, (2008) @No $ @ @ Tyagi P.D., Fuels from wastes and weeds. Batra book service, New Delhi, (1989) @No $ @ @ Verma P and Prasad A, Vermicomposting: A potential technology for solid waste management, Agrobios Newsletter, 4(5), 33-35 (2005) @No $ @ @ Srivastava P.K. and Singh P.C., Influence of earthworm culture on fertilization potential  and biological  activities of vermicompost prepared  from different plant  wastes, Journal of plant Nutrition  and Soil science,174, 420-429 (2013) @No $ @ @ Gopalakrishnan S, Beale MH, Ward JL and Strange RN., Chickpea wilt: Identification and toxicity of 8-O-methyl-fusarubin from Fusariumacutatum, Phytochemistry, 66(13), 1536-1539 (2005) @No $ @ @ Hemalatha B., Comparative evaluation of biodegradability of yard waste and fruit waste with industrial effluents by vermicomposting, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology, 2(2), 36-39 (2013b) @No $ @ @ Bhawalkar US and Bhawalkar UV, Vermiculture biotechnology. In: Organics in Soil Health and Crop Production (Ed. P. K. Thampan), Peekay Tree Crops Development Foundation, Cochin, 65-85 (1993) @No $ @ @ Ndegwa M.P and Thompson S.A., Effects of C to N ratio on vermicomposting of biosolids, Bioresource Technology, 75, 7-12 (2000) @No $ @ @ Jackson ML, Soil Chemical Analysis, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi India, 38–204 (1973) @No $ @ @ Walkley and Black I.A., An examination of the determining the organic carbon in soils, Effect of variations in digestion conditions and of inorganic soil constituents, J. Soil Sci.,34, 29-38 (1934) @No $ @ @ Tandon H.Z., Methods of Analysis of Soils, Plant, Water and Fertilizers, Fertilizer Development and Consultation Organization, New Delhi, 148, (1993) @No $ @ @ Nanjareddy YA, Chaudhuri D and Krishna Kumar AK, A comparison of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and acetone extracts for the determination of chlorophyll in Hevea leaf tissue, Indian J. Rubber Res 3, 131-134 (1990) @No $ @ @ R.A.Fisher, Statistical method for research workers, (1925) @No $ @ @ Perner H, Schwarz D and George. E, Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and compost supply on growth and nutrient uptake of young leek plants growth and nutrient uptake of young leek plants growth on peatbased substrates, Hort. Sci., 41, 628-632 (2006) @No $ @ @ Postma J, Montanari M. and Van den Boogert, Microbial enrichment to enhance disease suppressive activity of compost, European J. Soil Biol., 39, 157-163 (2003) @No $ @ @ Suthar S, Choyal R, Singh R and Sudesh R., Stimulatory effect of earthworm body fluid on (vermiwash) on seed germination and seedling growth of two legumes, Journal of phytological research, 18(2), 219-222 (2005) @No $ @ @ Nath G and Singh K., Utilization of vermiwash potential on certain summer vegetable crops, J. Central Eur. Agric., 10(4), 417-426 (2009) @No $ @ @ Chamle D, Mogle U and Jadhav B, Effect of vermicoposts on chlorophyll content, leaf area and yield of maize, Geobios.,33, 334-336 (2006) @No $ @ @ Chauhan A and Joshi P.C., composting of some dangerous and Toxic Weeds Using Eisenia fetida, J Amer Sci, 6(3), 1-6 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ananthakrishnasamy S., Gunasekaran S. and Manimegala G., Fly ash-lignite waste management through vermicomposting by indigeneous earthworms lampito mauritii, Amer. Eur. J.Agric. Environ. Sci.,5(6), 720-724 (2009) @No $ @ @ Lee K.E., Some trends opportunities in earthworm research or:Darwin’s children. The future of our discipline, Soil Biology Biochem., 24, 1765-1771 (1992) @No $ @ @ Benitez Allice, Worms for composting (vermicomposting), ATTRA-National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service, livestock Technical Note,June, (8) (1999)  @No $ @ @  Melgar R., benitez E and Nogales, bioconversion of waste from olive oil industries by vermicomposting process using the epigiec earthworm Eisenia Andrei, J.Environmental science Health, 44(5), 488-495 (2009) @No $ @ @ Nijhawan and Kanwar, Physic chemical properties casting and their effect on the productivity of soil, Indian journal of agriculture science,22(4), 357-373 (1951) @No 
<#LINE#>Effect of Season on Mortality of Japanese Quail (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) in Different Age Groups<#LINE#>S.@Nanda,B. K.@MallikI.@Nayak,S.K.@Samal,M.@Das<#LINE#>29-33<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-079.pdf<#LINE#> Central Poultry Development Organization (Eastern Region), Bhubaneswar-751012, Odisha, INDIA <#LINE#>16/5/2015<#LINE#>25/6/2015<#LINE#>Two years data on mortality of Japanese quail (Coturnixcoturnix japonica) of Central Poultry Development Organization (Eastern Region), Bhubaneswar (from October, 2012 to July, 2014) in three different seasons of summer, monsoon and winter were analyzed. The average temperature ranges between 100 C in winter to 450 C in summer. The average relative humidity ranges from 40% to 95%. Average annual rainfall is 154cm. The total chick (0-3 week) mortality was 3.65 % with a weekly value of 7.25 % in 1st week, 2.06 % in 2nd week and 0.93 % in 3rd week. So far as seasons were concerned, 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks mortality were 8.99 %, 3.12 % and 1.75 % in monsoon; 7.63 %, 2.52 % and 0.87 % in winter and 6.69 %, 1.62 % and 0.84 % in summer respectively. The mortality as recorded on total chicks rearing was significantly lowest (P0.01) in summer followed by winter and monsoon. The season’s pooled mortality in grower (4-5 week) and adult (above 5 week) were 0.70 % and 0.53 % respectively. The overall Japanese quail death was significantly (P&#x-1.0;ȃ0.01) higher in monsoon followed by winter and summer.   <#LINE#> @ @ Thear K., Keeping quail (a guide to domestic and commercial management), third edition, published by Broad Leys Publishing Company London E9 5EN. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, (1998) @No $ @ @ Mizutani M., The Japanese quail, Laboratory Animal Reasearch Station, Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Kobuchizawa, Yamanashi, Japan, 408-0041 (2003) @No $ @ @ Puspamitra S., Mohanty P.K. and Mallik B.K., Haematological Analyses of Japanese Quail Coturnixcoturnix japonica) at different stages of growth, Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., 3(11), 51-53 (2014) @No $ @ @ Mills A.D., Crawford L.L., Domjan M. and Faure J.M., The behavior of the Japanese and domestic quailCoturnix japonica, Neuroscience and Biobehavioural Review, 21, 261-81 (1997) @No $ @ @ Hubrecht R. and Kirkwood J., The UFAW Handbook on the care and management of laboratory and other research animals, 655-74 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ainsworth S.J., Stanley R.L. and Evan D.J., Developmental stages of Japanese Quail, Journal of Anatomy, 216, 3-15 (2010) @No $ @ @ Chang G.B., Liu X. P., Chang H., Chen G.H., Zhao W. M., JiD J., Chen R., Quin Y.R., Shi X.K. and Hu G.S., Behavioral differentiation between wild Japanese quail, domestic quail and their first filial generation, Poult. Sci., 88, 1137-42 (2009) @No $ @ @ Babangida S. and Ubosi C.O., Effects of varying dietary protein levels on the performance of laying Japanese quail (Coturnixcoturnix japonica) in a semi-arid environment, Nig. J. Anim. Prod., 33, 45-52 (2006) @No $ @ @ Deka K. and Borah J., Haematological and biochemical changes in Japanese Quails  (Coturnixcoturnix japonica) and chickens due to Ascardiagalli infection, Int. J. Poult. Sci., 7(7), 704-710 (2008) @No $ @ @ Snedecor G.W. and Cochran W.G., Statistical Methods, th edition, Afiliated East-West press, East –west press pvt. Ltd, New delhi, India, 313 (1994) @No $ @ @ Kumar V.P., Singh J.P. and Mahalati S., Indian J. Poult. Sci., 33, 217-20 (1998) @No $ @ @ Mallik B.K., Bangar N.P., Vyas O.P. and Ahmad M., Effect of seasons on hatchability and mortality in Japanese quails (Coturnixcoturnix japonica), Indian J. Poult. Sci., 36(3), 321-322 (2001) @No 
<#LINE#>Anaemia a Health Burden among Rural Adolescent Girls in District Karnal: Prevalence and Coorelates<#LINE#>T@Kaur,M@Kaur<#LINE#>34-41<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-080.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Home Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, INDIA <#LINE#>19/5/2015<#LINE#>27/6/2015<#LINE#>  Adolescence, a critical segment of society considered to be a most nutritionally vulnerable group.  In developing countries adolescence anaemia is reported as greatest nutritional problem. Adolescence anaemia have significant impact on health outcomes at a later stage of life. Nutritional anaemia in adolescent girls have an adverse effect on learning ability, productivity, well-being and resistance to diseases. Anaemia during adolescence is associated with foetal wastage, prenatal mortality, increased incidence of low birth weight babies, increased maternal mortality and subsequent high infertility rates. Hence, an effort has been made in the present study to highlight the problem of anaemia in adolescents and to study the dietary and other factors in its aetiology. Two hundred fifty rural school going adolescent girls (13-15 yrs.) of low socio economic background were randomly selected from rural areas of district Karnal, Haryana, India. Very high anaemia pervasiveness (88%) with various grades was observed in the present research. Most of the girls (53.18%) were vegetarian and one half of the respondents were consuming two meals per day. Only one third of the subjects were in the habit of taking packed lunch in routine and maximum respondents (73.63%) were in the habit of keeping fast. Skipping of meals was common among three fourth of the subjects. Most of the subjects complained of anorexia, headache and breathlessness on exertion, lethargic feeling, pale conjunctiva, pale skin and flat nails. The present study also revealed dietary inadequacies particularly in respect of protein, energy, calcium and all micro nutrients (iron, beta-carotene, folic acid) except vitamin C. A positive significant (p0.05) correlation was observed between haemoglobin and various daily dietary intake of blood forming nutrients. The present study implicit the prominence of including adolescent girls in the risk group as  controlling anaemia among adolescent girls (vulnerable group) could significantly reduce infant and maternal morbidity thus improving family, community and national socioeconomic development. <#LINE#> @ @ World Health Organization, WHO Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition/ Anaemia, (2011) @No $ @ @ Karine Tolentino and Jennifer F. Friedman., An Update on Anaemia in Less Developed Countries, Am J Trop Med Hyg, (2007) @No $ @ @ Lancet, World Health Organization, Analysis of causes of maternal deaths, A systemic review, 367, 1066-1074 (2006) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization, Programming for adolescent health and development, Technical Report Series No.886, (1999) @No $ @ @ Song W.D., Roerr S., Bnond J., Kalarala  M., Mann S., Sehgal, S., Pande  U., Singh I., Mehta U. and Rohinidevi P., Nutriguide, Asian Indian Foods Nutritional Anaysis computer programme, Michigan, Michigan State University, (1992) @No $ @ @ Gopalan C., Ramasastri B.V., Balasubramanian S.C., Narasinga Rao B.S., Deosthale Y.G. and Pant  K.C., Nutritive Value of Indian Foods, NIN, Hyderabad, (2004) @No $ @ @ International Nutrition Anaemia Consultative Group (INACG), Measurement of Iron Status, A report of the International Nutritional Anaemia Consultation Group, Washington, D.C, (1985) @No $ @ @ World health organisation, DeMaeyer E.M., Dallman P., Gurneym J.M., Hallberg L., Sood S.K., and Srikantia S.G., Prevalence and consequences of iron deficiency anaemia through primary health care, World Health Organization, Geneva, in Nutrition in Children, Developing Country Concerns, National Update on Nutrition in Children, (eds. Sachdev HPS and Choudhary P), World Health Organization, Assessment, Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, 217 (1994) @No $ @ @ Kishore J., Editor, National Health Programs of India, 6th ed. New Delhi. Century Publications, 82-84 (2006) @No $ @ @ Basu S., Hazarika R. and Parmar V., Prevalence of anaemia among the school going adolescents of Chandigarh, Indian Paediatr, 42, 593-8 ( 2005) @No $ @ @ Verma R., Govila V.K. and Kuldeep Kharb M., Prevalence of anemia in college going youths in rural blocks of a dist. of northern India, EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies, 3(2), 15-22 (2013) @No $ @ @ Singh J., Singh JV and Srivastava AK. Suryakan, Health status of the adolescent girls in the slums of Lucknow, Indian J Community Med, 31(2), 102-03 (2006) @No $ @ @ Pathak P., Singh P., Kapil U. and Raghuvanshi R.S., Prevalence of iron, vitamin A and iodine deficiencies among adolescent pregnant mothers, Ind. Pediatr, 70, 299-301 (2003) @No $ @ @ National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) India 2005-06 Rajasthan, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 88 (2008) @No $ @ @ Gawarikar R., Gawarikar S. and Triathi CB., Prevalence of anaemia in adolescent girls of Ujjain western India,  The Ind. J. of Nutrition and Dietetics, 39, 111(2002) @No $ @ @ Kaur Tarvinderjeet Kaur, Sonali Goel. and Madhu Gupta., Burden of anaemia among  school going rural adolescent girls in District Kurukshetra, Ind. J. nutr. Dietet, 50, 77 (2013) @No $ @ @ Rawat CMS., Garg SK., Singh JV. and Bhatnagar M., Socio-demographic Correlates of anaemia among adolescent girls in rural areas of the district Meerut (UP), Indian J Community Med, 26(4), 173-75 (2001) @No $ @ @ Chaudhary SM. and Dhage VR., Study of anaemia among adolescent females in the urban areas of Nagpur, Indian J Community Med, 33(4), 245-48 (2008) @No $ @ @ Sen A. and Kanani SJ., Deleterious Functional impact of anaemia on young adolescent school girls, Indian Paediatr, 43(3), 219-26 (2006) @No $ @ @ Uma M Iyer, Rachana M Bhoite and Sharmistha Roy, An Exploratory study on the nutritional status and setrminants of malnutrition of urban and rural asolescent children (12-16 ) years of Vododaracity, Int. J. of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 2(1) (2011) @No $ @ @ Saibaba A, Ram MM and Rao GVR, Nutritional Status of Adolescent Girls of Urban Slums and the Impact of IEC on their Nutritional Knowledge and Practices, Indian J Com Med, 27, 151-6 (2002) @No $ @ @ Goyle A and Yanendra I, Nutrient Intake of Young Girls Studying in a Government School in Jaipur City, J Hum Ecol, 25, 127-32 (2009) @No $ @ @ Varsha Z, Rohinidevi and Asha A, Effect of supplementation of biofortified biscuits on haematological parameters of selected adolescent girls of Marathwada Region, Indian. J. Nutr Diet, 45, 520-529 (2008) @No $ @ @ Prashant K. and Shaw C., Nutritional status of adolescent girls from an urban slum area in South India, Indian J Pediatr, 76, 501-4 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kaur TJ., Kochar GK. and Agarwal T., Impact of Nutrition Education on Nutrient Adequacy of Adolescent Girls, Stud Home Comm. Sci , , 51-5 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kulkarni MV, Durge PM and Kasturwar NB, Prevalence of Anemia among Adolescent girls in an urbal slum, National Journal of Community medicine, , 108-11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Venkaiah K, Damayantl M.U., Nayak M.U. and Vijayaraghavan K, Diet and nutritional status of rural adolescents in India, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr, 56, 1119-112 (2002) @No $ @ @ Malhotra A. and Passi S.J., Diet quality and nutritional status of rural adolescent girls as beneficiaries of ICDS in North India, Asia Pac. J. Nutr, 16, 8-16 (2007) @No $ @ @ Srijaya M and Jhansirani P., Energy balance in selected anemic adolescent girls, Ind J NutrDietet, 40(1), 84 (2003) @No $ @ @ Tatia R. and Taneja P., Dietary intakes of tribal adolescent girls of Duar District in Madhya Pradesh, Ind J Nutr Dietet, 40(3), 344-347 (2003) @No 
<#LINE#>Quantitative Analysis of Iron and Ascorbic acid contents in locally consumed Fruits and Vegetables<#LINE#>S@Bhuvaneswari,M@Joshi,A@D’Souza<#LINE#>42-47<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-081.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St. Aloysius’ (Autonomous) College, Jabalpur, INDIA <#LINE#>19/5/2015<#LINE#>18/6/2015<#LINE#>Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major health problems which affect both non-industrialized and industrialized nations. Anemia affects the cognitive performance, physical capacity, immune status and reproductive performance. One way to address this problem is through a food-based approach by increasing the consumption of iron-rich foods which also have better bioavailability. Therefore the purpose of the study was to quantify the iron and ascorbic acid content from various locally consumed fruits and vegetables. The samples (Apple, common fig, ground nut, soya bean, dates, fenugreek leaves, spinach and raisins) were bought from the local market. The iron content ranged from 0.52 mg/100g to 2.4 mg/100g. The maximum content of iron was found in fenugreek leaves followed by soya bean, common fig, ground nut, apple, raisins, spinach and finally in dates. Ascorbic acid content ranged from 1.99mg/100g to 14.97 mg/100g. From the present study it can be suggested that food such as apples, common fig and ground nut can be included in our diet, because they not only contain good amount of iron but also ascorbic acid which has been reported as a powerful enhancer of non-heme iron absorption. <#LINE#> @ @ Iron deficiency anemia: Assessment, prevention and control, A guide for programme managers, Geneva, World Health Organization (2001) @No $ @ @ NNMB, Technical Report No.22, National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB), Prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad (2003) @No $ @ @ Gomber S, Kumar S, Rusia U, Gupta P, Agarwal K.N. and Sharma S., Prevalence and etiology of nutritional anemias in early childhood in an urban slum, Indian. J. Med. Res., 107, 269-73 (1998) @No $ @ @ Raman L, Pawashe A.B. and Ramalakshmi B.A., Iron nutritional status of preschool children, Indian. J. Pediatr., 59, 209-12 (1992) @No $ @ @ Hallberg L and Rossander L, Improvement of iron nutrition in developing countries: comparison of adding meat, soy protein, ascorbic acid, citric acid and ferrous sulphate on iron absorption from a simple Latin American-type of meal, Am. J.Clin.Nutr., 39, 577-583 (1983) @No $ @ @ Hallberg L, Brune M and Rossander L., The role of Vitamin C in iron absorption, Int. J. Vitam. Res. Suppl., 30, 103-8 (1989) @No $ @ @ Cook J D and Reddy M B, Effect of ascorbic acid intake on non-heme iron absorption from a complete diet, Am J Clin Nutr, 73(1), 93-98 (2001) @No $ @ @ Lynch S.R. and Cook J.D., Interaction of vitamin C and iron, Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci, 355, 32-44 (1980) @No $ @ @ Gilooly M, Bothwell T.H, Torrance J.D, MacPhil  A.P., Derman D.P. and Bezwoda W.R et al., The effects of organic acids, phytates and polyphenols on the absorption of iron from vegetables, Br. J. Nutr., 49, 331-42 (1983) @No $ @ @ www.outreach.canterbury.ac.nz, (2015) @No $ @ @ Rahman MM, Khan MMR and Hosain MM, Analysis of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) contents in various fruits and vegetables by UV-spectrophotometry, Bangladesh J Sci Ind Res, 42(4), 417-424 (2007) @No $ @ @ Lynch S.R. and Cook J.D., Interaction of vitamin C and iron, Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci, 355, 32-44 (1980) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization, Worldwide prevalence of Anemia 1993-2005- WHO Global Database on Anemia, World Health Organization (2008) @No $ @ @ De Maeyer E, Adiels-Tegman M, The prevalence of anemia in the world, World Health Statistics Quarterly, 38, 302-316 (1985) @No $ @ @ Hurrell R and Egli L, Iron bioavailability and dietary reference values, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 91, 1461S-7S (2010) @No $ @ @ Sivakumar B, Nair K.M, Sreeramulu D, Suryanarayana P, Ravinder P and Shatrungna V et al., Effect of micronutrient supplement on health and nutritional status of school children: Biochemical Status, Nutrition, 22, S15-S25 (2006) @No $ @ @ Srikantia S.G, Sivaprasad J, Bhaskaram C and Krishnamchari KAVR, Anaemia and immune response, Lancet, 7973, 1307-09 (1976) @No $ @ @ Rutzke C.J, Glahn R.P, Rutzke M.A, Welch R.M, Langhans R.W. and Albright L.D. et al., Bioavailability of iron from spinach using an in-vitro/human Caco-2 cell bioassay model, Habitation, 10, 7-14 (2004) @No $ @ @ Hallberg L., Iron requirements and bioavailability of dietary iron, Experientia Suppl., 44, 223-44 (1983) @No $ @ @ Reddy M.B. and Cook J.D., Assessment of dietary determinants of non-heme-iron absorption in humans and rats, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 54, 723-728 (1991) @No $ @ @ Teucher B, Olivares M and Cori H., Enhancers of iron absorption: ascorbic acid and other organic acids, Int. J. Vitam. Nutr.Res., 74(6), 403-19 (2004) @No 
<#LINE#>Regeneration of Shoot from Nodal explants of Cucumis sativus considering different Hormonal concentration<#LINE#>M.@FirozAlam,Amin@Ruhul,M.@EkhlasUddin,Sudhangshu@kumarBiswas,M.@MonirulIslam<#LINE#>48-52<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-083.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic university, Kushtia, BANGLADESH <#LINE#>31/5/2015<#LINE#>27/6/2015<#LINE#>Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), one of the most economically important vegetable (cucurbit) crops, is eaten raw or cooked and is popularly used as salads in south Asia. Considering the nutrition value of Cucumis sativus, the present investigation was undertaken to develop a rapid and efficient in vitro multiplication and regeneration system of this species using in vitro nodal explants. Addition of cytokinin is essential to induce shoot formation from the explants. Of the two cytokinin tested, BAP was more effective than kinetin at concentration of 1.5mg/l yielded best response (87%) on shoot formation. Kinetin at 1.5mg/l showed the highest shoot regeneration frequency (53%). When combination of auxin with IAA (0.5 mg/l) + BAP (1.0 -5.0 mg/l) and IAA (0.5 mg/l) + KN (1.0-5.0 mg/l) for shoots development, greater frequency (70%) were produced at IAA (0.5 mg/l) + BAP (3.0 mg/l) whereas IAA + KN were greater frequency (67%) at 3.0 mg/l KN. For root induction, four concentration of NAA were used. The maximum frequency of root formation (83%) was achieved within 3 week when isolated in vitro raised shoots were cultured on MS medium containing 0.5mg/l NAA. <#LINE#> @ @ Mahmoud O. and Arash M., Rapid micropropagation of Cucumis sativus var. Dastgerdi (Iranian cultivar) by Node Culture Technique, British Biotechnology Journal 4(6), 733-739 (2014) @No $ @ @ Budhiraja H, Gupta R.K. and Nand P., Formulation and characterization of Cucumis sativus extract in the treatment of acne, World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(12), 1043-1057 (2014) @No $ @ @ Kähkönen M.P, Hopia A.I, Vuorela H.J, Rauha J.P, Pihlaja K, Kujala T.S. and Heinonen M., Antioxidant activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds, J Agric Food Chem,47(10), 3954-3962 (1999) @No $ @ @ Krishnaiah D, Sarbatly R. and Nithyanandam R., A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species. Food Bioprod Process, 89(3), 217-233 (2011) @No $ @ @ Cowan M.M., Plant products as antimicrobial agents, Clin MicrobiolRev, 12(4), 564-582 (1999) @No $ @ @ Kumar G.S, Jayaveera K.N, Kumar C.K, Sanjay U.P, Swamy B.M. and Kumar D.V., Antimicrobial effects of Indian medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria, Trop. j. pharm. res, 6(2), 717-723 (2007) @No $ @ @ Mahajan A, Gill N.S. and Arora R., Cucumis anguria: A medicinally important plant of cucurbitaceae family,International Journal of Recent Advances in Pharmaceutical Research, 4(3), 21-27 (2014) @No $ @ @ Ugandhar T, Venkateshwarrlu M, Begum G, Srilatha T. and Jaganmohanreddy K., In Vitro plant regeneration of Cucumber (Cucumis sativum (L.) from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants, Science Research Reporter, 1(3),164-169 (2011) @No $ @ @ Pandey B.P., Economic Botany, New Delhi: S. Chand and Co. Ltd, 76-77 (2000) @No $ @ @ Lebeda A, Widrlechner M.P, Staub J, Ezura H, Zalapa J. and Kístková E. Cucurbits (Cucurbitaceae; Cucumisspp., Cucurbitaspp., Citrullusspp.), Chapter 8. In: Singh R [ed.], Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering and Crop Improvement Series, vol. 3 – Vegetable Crops, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, U.S.A, 271–376 (2007) @No $ @ @ Misra A.K. and Bhatnagar S.P. Direct shoot regeneration from the leaf explants of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), Phytomorphology, 45, 47-55 (1995) @No $ @ @ Mohiuddin A.K.M, Chowdhury M.K.U, Zaliha C. Abdullah and Suhaimi N., Influence of silver nitrate (ethylene inhibitor) on cucumber in vitro shoot regeneration, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 51, 75-78 (1997) @No $ @ @ Ambetkar A, Maheswari U.C, Margaret S, Sivanandhan G. and Selvaraj N., Micropropagation of Trichosanthes anguina L. via cotyledonery node, International Journal of Applied Bioresearch, , 6-11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Stipp L.C.L, Mendes B.M.J, Piedade S.M.D.S. and Rodriguez A.P.M., In vitro morphogenesis of Cucumis melo var. inodorus, Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 65, 81-89 (2001) @No $ @ @ Kathal R, Bhatnagar S.P. and Bhojwani S.S., Regeneration of plants from leaf explant of Cucumis melo cv. Pusasharbati, Plant Cell Reports, , 449-451 (1988) @No $ @ @ Kumar H.G.A, Murthy H.N. and Paek K.Y. Embryogenesis and plant regeneration from anther cultures of Cucumis sativus L., Scientia Hort, 98, 213-222 (2003) @No $ @ @ Murashige T. and Skoog F., A Revised Medium for Rapid Growth and Bio Assays with Tobacco Tissue Cultures, Physiologia Plantarum, 15, 473-497 (1962) @No $ @ @ Kates M., Factors affecting proliferation of shoot in mulberry auxillary bud culture, J. Seric. Sci. Jpn, 62, 152-161 (1993) @No $ @ @ Pattnaik S.K. and Cland P.K., Rapid clonal propagation of three mulberries, Morus cathayana Hemsl., M. IhouKoiz. And M. serrata Roxb., through in vitro culture of apical shoot buds and nodal explants from nature trees, Plant Cell Rep,16, 503-508 (1997) @No $ @ @ Chita V.D.S. and Padmaja G., Clonal Propagation of mulberry (Morus indica L. cultivar M-5) through in vitroculture of nodal explants, Sci. Hot,80, 289-298 (1999) @No $ @ @ Pierik R.L.M., In vitro culture of higher plants. Martinus Nijhoff Publ, Dordrecht, Boston, Lancaster, 364-370 (1975) @No $ @ @ Khalafalla M.M., Elgaali E.I. and Ahmed M.M., In vitromultiple shoot regeneration from nodal explants of vernonia amygdalina. An important medicinal plant, African Crop Science Conference Proceedings,, 747-752 (2007) @No $ @ @ Faria R.T. and Illg R.D., Micropropagation of Zingiber spectabile Griff, Sci. Hoticult, 62, 135-137 (1995) @No $ @ @ Padmapriya, H., Karthikeyan, A.V.P., Jahir Hussain, G., Karthi, C. and Velayutham, P., An efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of Solanum nigrum L. from nodal explants, Journal of Agricultural Technology,7(4), 1063-1073 (2011) @No $ @ @ Venkateshwarlu. M., Direct multiple shoots proliferation of muskmelon (Cucumismelo (l.) from shoot tip explants, International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 3(2), 645-652 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hoque M.D and Mansfield J.W., Effect of genotype and explant age on callus induction and subsequent plant regeneration from root-derived callus of Indica rice genotypes, Plant Cell Tiss. OrganCult., 78, 217- 223 (2004) @No $ @ @ Chaturvedi R. and Bhatnagar S.P., High frequency shoot regeneration from cotyledon explants of water melon cv. Sugar baby, In vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology-Plant, 37, 255-258, (2001) @No $ @ @ Mahzabin F, Parvez S. and Alam M.F., Micropropagation of Cucurbita maxima Duch. through shoot tip culture, Journal of Biosciences, 16, 59-65 (2008) @No $ @ @ Arokiaswamy S, Varghese G. and Ignacimuthu S., High frequency regeneration of chick pea (Cicer arietium L.) Plantlets from leaf callus, Phytomorphology,50, 297-302 (2000) @No $ @ @ Ahmad N. and Anis M., In Vitro Mass Propagation of Cucumis sativus L. from Nodal Segments, Turk J Bot,29, 237-240 (2005) @No $ @ @ Jabeen, F.T.Z, Venugopal, R.B, Kiran, G, Kaviraj, C.P. and Rao, S., Plant regeneration and in vitro flowering from leaf and nodal explants of Solanum nigrum (L). - An important medicinal plant, Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, 6(1and2), 17-22 (2005) @No
<#LINE#>Fishes of the Genus Puntius species (Teleostomi: Cyprinidae) including two new additions from Kamrup District of Assam, India<#LINE#>Acharjee@BiswajitKumar,Saibal@Sengupta<#LINE#>53-58<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-087.pdf<#LINE#>University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, INDIA Arya Vidyapeeth College, Guwahati, 781 016, Assam, INDIA<#LINE#>11/6/2015<#LINE#>29/6/2015<#LINE#>Puntius species are marked by its variable size and colour pattern. The present study is  aimed to study the Puntius species of Kamrup district of Assam, India. Fresh Puntius species were collected and kept in Arya Vidyapeeth College museum. Seven species of  Puntius were found in the present study. Puntius sarana  orphoides and P. javanicus  were new state records. Based on the colour pattern and body marking a new identification key has been provided which can be of great taxonomic significance.<#LINE#> @ @ Roberts T.R., The freshwater fishes of western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia), Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, 14, 1–210 (1989) @No $ @ @ Kottelat M., Nomenclature of the genera Arboderi, Cyclocheilichthys, Rasbora and Chonerhinos (Teleostei, Cyprinidae and Tetraodentidae) with comments on the definition of the first reviser, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 47(2), 591-600 (1999) @No $ @ @ Sinha M., Fish genetic resources of the Northeast region of India, Journal of theInland Fisheries Society of India, 26(1), 1-19 (1994) @No $ @ @ Sarma S., Bhattacharya B.K, Zaidi S.G.S. Landge T.A. and Goswami M., Indigenous ornamental fish biodiversity of central Brahmaputra valley zone, Assam, Journal of the Inland Fisheries Society of India, 36(1), 29-35 (2004) @No $ @ @ Sen T.K., The fish fauna of Assam and the Neighbouring North –Eastern states of India, Records of Zoological Survey of India. Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional paper no, 64, 77-86 (1985) @No $ @ @ Jayaram K.C., Revision of the genus Puntius Hamilton from the Indian Region (Pisces: Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Cyprininae), Records of Zoological Survey ofIndia, Occasional paper no, 64, 77- 86 (1991) @No $ @ @ Talwar P.K and  Jhingran V.G., Inland Fishes of India and adjacent countries. Vol.II,. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Ltd., Janpath, New Delhi, 543-1158 (1991) @No $ @ @ Menon A.G.K., Checklist- Fresh water fishes of India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occasional,175, 1-366 (1999) @No $ @ @ Barman R.P., Fresh water fishes, Fauna of Tripura (part-I). Zoological survey of India, State fauna series, 7, 191-320 (2002) @No $ @ @ Vishwanath W. and Shantakumar M., Inter relationship of Puntius Hamilton-Buchanan (Cyprinidae: cypriniae) found in Manipur, India. Zoo’s print, 21(6), 2279-2283 (2006) @No
<#LINE#>In vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Some Plant Leaf Extracts against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli Isolated from Seeds of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)<#LINE#>S.@Kulshrestha,S.@Chaturvedi,R.@Jangir,K.@Agrawal<#LINE#>59-64<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-091.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur- 302004, Rajasthan, INDIA <#LINE#>20/6/2015<#LINE#>4/7/2015<#LINE#>Antibacterial activity of some plant extracts against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) was evaluated in vitro.  Xap is a Gram negative seed borne pathogen. It was found associated with seeds of lentil and caused bacterial leaf spot disease. Six plant leaf extracts (aqueous and methanolic) were evaluated in different concentrations for their antibacterial activity against Xap through disc diffusion method. Mint (Mentha piperita), black plum (Syzygium cumini) and datura (Datura metel) gave inhibition activity in both aqueous and methanolic extracts while winter cherry (Withania sominifera) showed inhibition only by methanolic extract. Three plant extracts of mint, black plum and datura also improved seed germination and controlled the pathogen on seed treatment significantly at 1% (p0.01 %). Highest activity was observed in methanolic extract of mint at a concentration of 250 mg/ml showing mean inhibition zone of 12.1mm and 12.5 mm with IA value of 440.1 mm2 and 471.0 mm respectively. <#LINE#> @ @ Anonymous, Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th Ed. Baltimore, The Williams And Wilkins Company, 147-148 (1957) @No $ @ @ Agarwal S.C. and Prasad K.V.V., Diseases of lentil, Science Publishers Inc., USA (1997) @No $ @ @ Anonymous, (accessed on August 2011) @No $ @ @ www.ars.usda. gov/sp2userfiles/.../part2e-bacteria-phytoplasma-weeds.do, (2011) @No $ @ @ CABI and EPPO, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli,Data sheet on quarantine pests, Prepared by CABI and EPPO, (Accessed in December 2014) https://www.eppo.int/QUARANTINE/bacteria/Xanthomonas_phaseoli/XANTPH_ds.pdf (2014) @No $ @ @ Saettler A.W., Common bacterial blight. In: Schwartz H.F., Galvez E.E., editors, Bean production problems in the tropics. Cali, Colombia (SA): Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, 261–283 (1989) @No $ @ @ Schwartz H.F. and Galvez M. (editors), Bean production problems in the tropics, 2nd ed. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia, 157–172 (1989) @No $ @ @ Leakey C.L.A., A note on Xanthomonas blight of bean Phaseolus vulgaris) and prospects of its control by breeding for tolerance, Euphytica,  22, 132-140 (1973) @No $ @ @ Vaghasiya Y. and Chanda S., Screening of methanol and acetone extracts of fourteen Indian medicinal plants for antibacterial activity, Turk. J. Biol., 31, 243-248 (2007) @No $ @ @ Thornberry H.H., A paper-disc plate method for the quantitative evaluation of fungicides and bactericides, Phytopathol., 40, 950-954 (1959) @No $ @ @ Pal V., Jalali I. and Raju M.R.B., Exploitation of higher plants for the control of the plant bacterioses. Research Methods in Plant Sciences: Allellopathy, Plant Pathogens 3: 176-185. Narwal S S and Pal V (Eds), Scientific Publisher (India), Jodhpur (2004) @No $ @ @ ISTA, International rules for seed testing association (ISTA), Seed Sci. and Tech.,4(3), 49-177 (1985) @No $ @ @ Fleming T., PDR for Herbal medicines: Medical Economic Company, JNC (1998) @No $ @ @ Bupesh G., Amutha S., Nandagopal, Ganeshkumar A., Sureshkumar P. and Murali K.S., Antibacterial activity of Mentha piperita L. (peppermint) from leaf extracts: A medicinal plant, Acta Agric. Slov.,1(89), 73-79 (2007) @No $ @ @ Darji B., Ratani J., Doshi M. and KothariV., In vitro antibacterial activity in certain plant products / seed extracts against selected Phytopathogens, Research in Pharmacy,2(6), 01-10 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kagale S., Marimuthu B., Thayumanavan R., Nandakumar and Samiyappan R., Antibacterial activity and induction of systemic resistance in rice by leaf extract of Datura metel against Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Physiol. Mol. Plant Path., 2(65), 91-100 (2004) @No $ @ @ Ranawane A., Singh V. and Nimbkar N., In vitro antifungal study of the efficacy of some plant extracts for inhibition of Alternaria carthami fungus, Indian J. Nat. Prod. Resour., 1(3), 384-386 (2010) @No $ @ @ Shahnaz D., Sadia K. and Marium T., Comparative effect of plant extracts of Datura alba Ness and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., alone or in combination with microbial antagonists for the control of root disease of cowpea and okra, Pak. J. Bot., 42(2), 1273-1279 (2010) @No $ @ @ Elisante F., Tarimo M.T. and Ndakidemi P.A.,  Allelopathic effect of seed and leaf aqueous extracts of Datura stramonium on leaf chlorophyll content, shoot and root elongation of Cenchrus ciliaris and Neonotonia wighti,. Am. J. Plant Sci., 4, 2332-2339 (2013) @No $ @ @ Shafique S., Javaid A., Bajwa R. and Shafique S., Effect of aqueous leaf extracts of allelopathic trees on germination and seed-borne mycoflora of wheat, Pak. J. Bot., 7(39)2619-2624 (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Human-felid (Panthera tigris) conflict in Kosi Corridor Habitats: Implications for Tiger conservation in Corbett Landscape, India<#LINE#>Sanjeev@Kumar,Kamad@Kumar<#LINE#>65-68<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-100.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, Govt. P.G. College Ramnagar, Nainital, Uttrakhand, INDIA <#LINE#>17/5/2015<#LINE#>25/6/2015<#LINE#>Kosi corridor of Corbett Landscape is taken to examine the pattern of human- felid conflict and its consequence and implications for the long term persistence of tiger (Panthera tigris) Questionnaire survey and data collection of tiger pug mark and scats were collected from the area. Results revealed that tigris caused greater economic losses and indicate the livestock predation. While the pug marks sign and scats were indicate the frequent movement in human dominated area. But still tiger is so intelligent animal are very able to maintain a good balance between man and its survival. With Kosi corridor from Mohan to Ramnagar the great disturbance are blooming day by day regularly. It is an negative and anti ecological alarm for conservation point of view. Otherwise the remaining bit of connectivity for vital need of tiger (genetic viability) will vanish very soon for both the forest. <#LINE#> @ @ Mech SG and Hallett J.G., Evaluating the Effectiveness of Corridors: a Genetic Approach, Conservation Biology,15(2), 467-474 (2001) @No $ @ @ Johnsingh A.J.T.,Status and Conservation of the Tiger in Uttranchal, Northern India, Ambio, 35(3), 135-137 (2006) @No $ @ @ WWF Report Ind., Monitoring of Tiger and Associated Species. Kosi Corridor, Uttrakhand, India, (2014) @No $ @ @ Koppikar B.R. and Sabnis J.H, Inditification of hairs of some Indian mammals, J. Bomb. Nat. His. Soc.,78, 299-302 (2014) @No $ @ @ Harihar A., Pandav Band and Goyal S.P, Responses of tiger ( Panthera tigris) and their prey to removal of anthropogenic influence in Rajaji  National Park, India, European Journal of Wildlife Research, 55, 97-105(2009a) @No $ @ @ Harihar A., Prasd D.L., Ri C, Pandav Band and GoyalS.P, Losing ground: Tiger Panthera tigris in north western Shivalik landscape of India, Oryx,43, 35-43 (2009b) @No $ @ @ Andrews A., Fragmentation of habitat by roads utility Corridors: A review, Australian Zoologists,26, 130-142 (1990) @No $ @ @ Fundamental of Wildlife, Rajesh Gopal, Natraj Publication, (2012) @No $ @ @ Dynamics of Tiger Management In Priority Landscape, Rajesh Gopal, (2015) @No $ @ @ Monitoring Tigers And Their Prey A Manual for Researcher S, Manager and Conservationist in Tropical  Asia, K.Ullas Karanth and James D.Nichols, (2002) @No
<#LINE#>Thin Layer Chromatographic investigation on leave of Leucas Aspera extracted in Ethanol and Dichloromethane<#LINE#>Pankaj@Kalita<#LINE#>69-72<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-101.pdf<#LINE#> Arya Vidyapeeth College, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, INDIA <#LINE#>6/5/2015<#LINE#>30/5/2015<#LINE#>The state of Assam has an abundance of medicinal plants known to the native people. Luecas aspera is used by rural and tribal population in Assam in various problems like dysentery, diarrhea, sinusitis, headache, tonsil etc. For thin layer chromatographic study the leaves of Leucas aspera are extracted in ethanol and dichloromethane. For thin layer chromatography, glass plate and precoated silica gel sheets were used. Twenty nine different solvent systems were prepared to develop thin layer chromatographic plate. Four visualizing reagents, viz, Iodine, HSO, NH solution, KOH solution in methanol were used to separate different spots in thin layer chromatographic plate. Dichloromethane was proved as better solvent to extract different compounds of Luecas aspera. <#LINE#> @ @ Brahma S., Narzary H. and Basumatary S.,Wild edible fruits of Kokrajhar district of Assam, North-East India, Asian J. Plant Sci. Res., 3(6), 95-100 (2013) @No $ @ @ Choudhury N., Mahanta B. and Kalita J.C., An ethnobotanical survey on medicinal plants used in reproductive health related disorders in rangia subdivision, kamrup district, assam, IJSAT, 1(7), 154-159 (2011) @No $ @ @ Gogoi P. and Islam M., Ethnomedicinal Study of Solanum Nigrum L and S., Myriacanthus Dunal Used By Tribals and Non-Tribals from Districts of Upper Assam,India, Asian J. Exp. Biol. Sci., 3(1), 73-81 (2012) @No $ @ @ Choudhury C., Devi M.R., Bawari M. and Sharma G.D., Ethno-toxic Plants of Cachar District in Southern Assam with Special Reference to Their Medicinal Properties, Assam University Journal of Science & Technology : Biological and Environmental Sciences,  7(1), 89-95 (2011) @No $ @ @ Naui M., Dutta B.K. and Hajra P.K., Medicinal Plants Used in Major Diseases by Dimasa Tribe of Barak Valley, Assam University Journal of Science & Technology : Biological and Environmental Sciences, 7(1), 18-26 (2011) @No $ @ @ Paul S., Devi N. and Sarma G.C., Enthnobotanical Utilization of Some Medicinal Plants by Bodo People of Assam (India) in the Treatment of Jaundice, IJSAT, 1 (8), 172-177 (2011) @No $ @ @ Buragohain J. and Konwar B.K., Ethnomedicinal Plants used in Skin Diseases by some Indo-Mongoloid Communities of Assam, Asian J. Exp. Sci.,21(2), 281-288(2007) @No $ @ @ Abujam S.S. and Shah R.K., Studyon the ethnomedicinal system of local people of Dibrugarh, Assam, IJPI, 2(2),17-28 (2012) @No $ @ @ Baishya R.A., Sarma J. and Beguml A., Forest-based medicinal plants rendering their services to the rural community of assam, India, IJABPT, 4(4), 10-20 (2013) @No $ @ @ Gogoi B., Dutta M. and Mondal P., Various Ethno Medicinal Plants used in the Preparation of Apong, a Traditional Beverage use by Mising Tribe of upper Assam, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 3(4:1), S86-S89 (2013) @No $ @ @ Saikia P. and Khan M.L., Diversity of Medicinal Plants and Their Uses in Home gardens of Upper Assam, Northeast India, Asian J. Pharm. Biol. Res,  1(3), 296-309 (2011) @No $ @ @ Hazarika R., Abujam S.S. and Neog B., Ethno Medicinal Studies of Common Plants of Assam and Manipur, IJPBA, 3(4), 809-815 (2012) @No $ @ @ Das A.K., Dutta B.K. and Sharma G.D., Medicinal plants used by different tribes of Cachar district, Asaam, Indian Jounal of Traditional Knowledge, 7(3), 446-454  (2008) @No $ @ @ Dutta U. and Sikdar M., Traditional Phytotherapy among the Nath People of Assam, Ethno-Med., 2(1), 39-45 (2008) @No $ @ @ Washid K. and Argal A., Chromatographic screening of the Ethanolic Extracts of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz.)Willd., IJPLS, 2(3), 625-628 (2011) @No $ @ @ Britto A.J.D., Kumar P.B.J.R. and Gracelin D.H.S., Separation of phytochemicals from Abrus precatorius using TLC and HPTLC techniques, International Journal of Institutional Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 4(2), 20-28 (2014) @No 
@Case Study
<#LINE#>Natural Mycorrhizal Colonization of Plant Species growing in a Limestone Mine Spoil: Case Study from ACC, Coimbatore, India<#LINE#>V.@Logaprabha,K.S.@Tamilselvi<#LINE#>73-78<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-064.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Botany, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu – 641004, INDIA <#LINE#>25/4/2015<#LINE#>19/5/2015<#LINE#>In the present study we examined the Arbuscular mycorrhizal association in forty seven angiospermic plants of the limestone mine spoils of Coimbatore, India. Forty one plants were colonized by AM fungi while Achyranthes aspera, Aerva lanata, Amaranthus viridis, Alternanthera pungens, (Amarantaceae), Carex speciosa (Cyperaceae)and Argemone mexicana (Papavaraceae) did not possess mycorrhizal association. Some of the common non-mycorrhizal plants, viz., Boerhaavia diffusa, Commelina bhengalensis and Trianthema portulacastrum were found to be associated with AM fungi. The soils of the study area were calcareous, sandy loam with a slight alkaline pH and low in available nutrients. A total of ten AMF spores were identified, which included the genus Acaulospora, Gigaspora and Glomus. Glomus was the most frequent genus observed in the study area. <#LINE#> @ @ Singh A.N., Raghubanshi A.S. and Singh J.S., Plantations as a tool for mine spoil restoration, Curr. Sci., 82(12), 1436-1441 (2002) @No $ @ @ Lone M.I., He Z.L., Stoffella P.J. and Yang X., Phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils and water: Progress and perspectives, J. Zhejiang. Univ. Sci. B.,9(3), 210-220 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kavamura V.N. and Esposito E., Biotechnological strategies applied to the decontamination of soil polluted with heavy metals, Biotechnology Advances., 28, 61-69 (2010) @No $ @ @ Quoreshi A.M., The use of mycorrhizal biotechnology in restoration of disturbed ecosystem, In: Mycorrhizae: Sustainable agriculture and forestry, Springer, Oxford, (2008) @No $ @ @ Mukhopadhyay S. and Maiti S.K., Biofertiliser: VAM fungi-Future prospect for biological reclamation of mine degraded lands, Ind. J. Environ. Prot., 29(9), 801-808 (2009) @No $ @ @ Singh A.K., Jamaluddin, Status and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and its role in natural regeneration on limestone mined spoils, Biodiversitas., 12(2), 107-111 (2011) @No $ @ @ Chen B., Roos P., Zhu Y. and Jakobsen I., Arbuscular mycorrhizas contribute to phytostabilization of uranium in uranium mining tailings, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 99, 801-810 (2008) @No $ @ @ Rillig M.C. and Steinberg P.D., Glomalin production by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus a mechanism of habitat modification, Soil. Biol. Biochem., 34, 1371-1374 (2002) @No $ @ @ Koide R.T. and Dickie I.A., Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on plant populations, Plant Soil., 244, 307-317 (2002) @No $ @ @ Jackson M.L., Soil chemical analysis, Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 498 (1973) @No $ @ @ Sankaram A., A laboratory manual for agricultural chemistry, Asia Publishing House, 340 (1966) @No $ @ @ Phillips J.M. and Hayman D.S., Improved procedure for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus for rapid assessment of infection, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 55, 158-161 (1970) @No $ @ @ Koske R.E. and Gemma J.N., A modified procedure for staining roots to detect VA mycorrhizas, Mycol. Res., 92, 486-488 (1989) @No $ @ @ Gerdemann J.W. and Nicolson T.H.,  Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet seiving and decanting, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 46, 235-244 (1963) @No $ @ @ Schenck N.C. and Perez Y., Manual for identification of VA mycorrhizal fungi. Synergistic Publications, Gainesville, Florida, USA., 1-286 (1987) @No $ @ @ Trappe J.M., Synoptic keys to the genera and species of zygomyceteous (vesicular-arbuscular) mycorrhizal fungi, Phytopathol., 72, 1102-1108 (1982) @No $ @ @ Schenck N.C. and Perez Y., Manual for the Identification of VA mycorrhizal fungi, Synergistic publications, Gainesville, Florida, 286 (1990) @No $ @ @ Jain R.K., Hasan N., Singh R.K. and Pandey P.N., Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) associations in some weeds of forage legumes, Mycorrhiza News., , 9-11 (1997) @No $ @ @ Muthukumar T. and Udaiyan K., Arbuscular mycorrhizas of plants growing in the Western Ghat region, Southern India, Mycorrhiza.,, 297-313 (2000b) @No $ @ @ Muthukumar T. and Udaiyan K., Influence of organic manures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp in relation to tissue nutrients and soluble carbohydrate in roots under field condition, Biol. Fertil. Soils., 31, 114-120 (2000a) @No $ @ @ Klironomos J.N., Hart M.M., Gurney J.E. and Moutoglis P., Interspecific differences in the tolerance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to freezing and drying, Can. J. Bot.,79, 1161-1166 (2001) @No $ @ @ Robinson-Boyer L., Grzyb I. and Jeferies P., Shifting the balance from qualitative to quantitative analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal communities in field soils, Fungal Ecology, , 1-9 (2009) @No $ @ @ Dhar P.P. and Mridha M.A.U., Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in different forest tree species of Hazarikhil forest of Chittagong, Bangladesh, J. For. Res., 23(1), 115-122 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dhar P.P. and Mridha M.A.U., Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different trees of Madhupur forest, Bangladesh, J. For. Res.,17(3), 201-205 (2006) @No $ @ @ http://invam.cag.wvu.edu, (2015) @No