@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Role of different Fertilizers in the Cultivation of Azolla Microphylla<#LINE#>Veerabahu@Chockalingam<#LINE#>1-3<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-232.pdf<#LINE#> V.O.Chidambaram College, Tuticorin, 628008, Subbiah Puram, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, INDIA<#LINE#>29/10/2014<#LINE#>23/2/2014<#LINE#>Three different fertilizers were compared to study their efficiency in the growth of the floating fern Azolla microphylla. (Super phosphate, cow dung and vermicopost). The culture of Azolla was carried out for a year and the parameters like yield, pH, temperature etc were noted. In the present study Azolla gave a good yield in the pond fertilized by cow dung. It also showed that the plant grew well with a pH ranging from 6-7 and a temperature of about 29°C. <#LINE#> @ @ Raja W., Rathaur P., John S.A. and Ramteke P.W., Azolla: an aquatic pteridophyte with great potential, Int. J. Res. Biol. Sci., 2(2), 68-72 (2012) @No $ @ @ Cagauan A.G. and Pullin R.S.V., Azolla in aquaculture: Past, present and future, 104-130 (1991) @No $ @ @ Becking J.H., Environmental requirements of Azolla for use in tropical rice production, IRRI, 345-373 (1979) @No $ @ @ Watanabe I., Espinas C.R., Berja N.S. and Alimagno V.B., Utilization of the Azolla-Anabaena Complex as a Nitrogen Fertilizer for Rice, IRRI, 11, (1977) @No $ @ @ Food and Agriculture Organization, China: Azolla propagation and small-scale biogas technology, Food and Agriculture Soils Bull. No. 41,FAO, Rome, (1978) @No $ @ @ Figure-2 Average temperature recorded in the 3 ponds6.Ferentinos L., Smith J. and Valenzuela H., Azolla. Mänoa, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai’i at Mänoa, (2002) @No $ @ @ Liu X, Chen M, Bian Z, Liu X and Liu C., Research on some functions Azolla in CELSS systems, ActaAstronautica,63(7-10), 1061-1066 (2008) @No $ @ @ Giridhar K., Rajendran D., Cultivation and usage of azolla as supplemental feed for dairy cattle, In: Value addition of feed and fodder for dairy cattle, NIANP, 6, 32-34 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sherief P.M. and James T., Nutritive value of water fern Azolla for fish, Fishing Chimes., 14, 14 (1994) @No
<#LINE#>Chromosomal study and Medicinal uses in Gloriosa superba L.<#LINE#>Ramesh@Ahirwar<#LINE#>4-6<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-253.pdf<#LINE#> School of Studies in Botany, Vikram University Ujjain, MP, 456010, INDIA<#LINE#>22/12/2014<#LINE#>31/3/2015<#LINE#>  Chromosomal study was done at mitotic and meiotic division in Gloriosa superba . In the mitosis study was found 22 chromosomes metaphase. Meiosis was also done, found 11 bivalents at diakinesis/metaphase-I, chromosomes were equal (11:11) distributed at the opposite poles at anaphase-I. It is one of the most important medicinal plant species which are used in several diseases as abortion, pregnancy, infertility, rheumatism,   leprosy, snake bite etc.  <#LINE#> @ @ Trease S.E. and Evans D., Colchicum seed and corm, In: Pharmacognosy, 12th Balliere Tindall, London, 593-597 (1983) @No $ @ @ Kala C., Farooquee N. and Dhar U., Prioritization of medicinal plants on the basis of available knowledge, existing practices and use value status in Uttaranchal, India, Biodiversity and Conservation,13, 453-469 (2004) @No $ @ @ Haroon K., Murad A.K. and Iqbal H., Enzyme inhibition activities of the extracts from rhizomes of Gloriosa superba L. (Colchicaceae), Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry, 22, 722-725 (2008) @No $ @ @ Badola H.K., Endangered medicinal plant species in Himachal Pradesh, A report on the International Workshop on Endangered Medicinal plant species in Himachal Pradesh, organized by G. B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development at Himachal Unit, Mohal-Kullu during 18-19 March 2002 Curr. Sci.,83, 797-798 (2002) @No $ @ @ Pandey D.K. and Banik R.M., Optimization of extraction conditions for colchicine from Gloriosa superba L. tubers using response surface methodology, Journal of Agricultural Technology,8, 1301-1315 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kavithamani D., Umadevi M. and Geetha S., A review on Gloriosa superba L. as a medicinal plant, Indian Journal of research in Pharmacy and Bioechnology,1,554-557 (2013) @No $ @ @ Narian P., Chromosomal mosaicism in the micro sporocytes of Gloriosa. Cytologia.,45, 271-179 (1980) @No $ @ @ Mehra P.N. and Sachdeva S.K., Cytological observation on some W. Himalayan Monocots.II. Smilacaceae, Liliaceae, Trilliaceae, Cytologia,41, 5-22 (1976) @No $ @ @ Khoshoo T.N., Cytogenetics in relation to plant evolution and improvement, Prog. Plant Res. Silv. Jubilee. Publ. Nat/Bot. RES. Inst., 2, 1-74 (1979) @No 
<#LINE#>Effect of hydrocolloid (xanthan gum) and Storage time on overall Quality of Cocoa incorporated Fermented Food<#LINE#>Sohini@Ray,Raychaudhuri@Utpal,Runu@Chakraborty<#LINE#>7-14<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-005.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, INDIA<#LINE#>9/1/2015<#LINE#>31/3/2015<#LINE#>The study consists of the effect of xanthan gum on overall quality of cocoa enriched fermented food during storage time. The four different concentration of xanthan gum was used 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% in this research study. Texture profile analysis (hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness and springyness) was done during storage time. Texture profile analysis suggested that addition of xanthan gum hardness will increase and after 21days storage, 1% incorporated xanthan product, hardness is less than other samples. After storage chewiness and cohesiveness were increased and springyness was decreased. After addition of xanthan moisture content was decreased and at 1% xanthan addition after storage of 21 days moisture content degradation less is minimum than other samples. L* value was increased after addition of xanthan and after storage it was decreased. Appearance score was increased after addition of xanthan but with respect to overall acceptability 1% xanthan incorporation score was highest. <#LINE#> @ @ Dziezak J.D., A focus on gums, Food Technol., 45, 116-132 (1991) @No $ @ @ Glicksman M., Hydrocolloids and search for the ‘oily grail’, Food Technol., 94, 96-103 (1991) @No $ @ @ Garti N., Madar Z., Aserin A. and Sternheim B., Fenugreek galactomannans as food emulsifiers, Lebensm Wiss Technol., 30, 305-311 (1997) @No $ @ @ Dickinson E. Hydrocolloids at interfaces and the influence on the properties of dispersed systems, Food Hydrocolloid., 17, 25-39 (2003) @No $ @ @ Guarda A., Rosell C.M., Benedito C. and Galotto, M.J., Different hydrocolloids as bread improvers and antistaling agents, Food Hydrocolloid., 18, 241-247 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rosell C.M., Rojas J.A. and Benedito C., Influence of hydrocolloids on dough rheology and bread quality, Food Hydrocolloid. 15, 75-81 (2001) @No $ @ @ Davidou S, Le Meste M, Debever E. and Bekaert D., A contribution to the study of staling of white bread: effect of water and hydrocolloid, Food Hydrocolloid., 10, 375-383 (1996) @No $ @ @ Onweluzo J.C., Leelavathi K. and Rao P.H., Effect of Detarium microcarpum (dm) and Mucuna flagellipes (mf) gums on the quality of white bread, Plant Food Hum Nutr., 54(2), 173-182 (1999) @No $ @ @ Kohajdová Z. and Karoviová J., Application of hydrocolloids as baking improvers. Chem. Pap., 63(1), 26-38 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mikuš ., Vaik . and Dodok L., Usage of hydrocolloids in cereal technology, Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 35(5), 325-334 (2011) @No $ @ @ Rodge A.B., Sonkamble S.M., Salve R.V. and Hashmi S.I., Effect of hydrocolloid (guar gum) incorporation on the quality characteristics of bread, JFPT., 3(2), 136 (2012) @No $ @ @ Abdul Sattar Shah, Sahib Alam, Malik Mohammad Hashim, Majid Suhail Hashmi & Aysha Riaz, Effect of stabilizers and storage time on the overall quality of tomato paste, Sarhad J Agric.23(4) (2007) @No $ @ @ Mohsin Ali T. and Hasnain A., Effect of emulsifiers on complexation, pasting, and gelling properties of native and chemically modified white sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) starch, Starch –Stärke 65(5), 490–498 (2013) @No $ @ @ Makri E., Papalamprou E. and Doxastakis G., Study of functional properties of seed storage proteins from indigenous European legume crops (lupin, pea, broad bean) in admixture with polysaccharides, Food Hydrocolloid., 19, 583- 594 (2005) @No $ @ @ Ramalingam C., Priya J., Mundra S., Applications of Microbial Polysaccharides in Food Industry, Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 27(1), 322-324 (2014) @No $ @ @ Katzbauer B.,Properties and applications of xanthan gum, Polym Degrad Stabil.,59, 81-84 (1998) @No $ @ @ Mettler E. and Seibel W., Effect of emulsifier and hydrocolloids on whole wheat bread quality: a response surface methodology study, Cereal Chem70, 373-376 (1993) @No $ @ @ Shittu T.A., Rashidat A.A. and Abuloude E.O., Functional effect of xanthan gum on composite cassava-wheat dough and bread, Food Hydrocoll23, 2254-2260 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ojure M.A and Quadri J.A., Quality Evaluation of noodles produced from unripe plantain flour using xanthan gum, IJRRAS., 13 (3), (2012) @No $ @ @ Mohammadi M., Sadeghnia N., Mohammad-Hossain Azizi, Tirang-Reza Neyestani. and Amir Mohammad Mortazavian., Development of gluten-free flat bread using hydrocolloids: Xanthan and CMC, J Ind Eng Chem., 20, 1812-1818 (2014) @No $ @ @ Sheng-Jun Wu, Jin-Hua Wu, Ling-Zhu Xia, Chao Chu, Dou Liu, Ming Gong.. Preparation of xanthan-derived oligosaccharides and their hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Carbohydr polym., 113, 362-364 (2013) @No $ @ @ Pongsawatmanit R. and Srijunthongsiri S., Influence of xanthan gum on rheological properties and freeze–thaw stability of tapioca starch, J Food Eng., DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2008.02.009 (2008) @No $ @ @ Carolina P.K., Andrea B.S., Ligia D.F.M., Isabel C.T., Nilo S.M.C, Rheological behavior of blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) purees containing xanthan gum and fructose as ingredients, Food Hydrocolloid., 25(3) 299-306 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bourne M.C., Texture profile analysis, Food Technol., 32, 62-66 (1978) @No $ @ @ Granato D. and Ellrndersen L.S.N., Almond and peanut flours supplemented with iron as potential ingredients to develop gluten-free cookies. Ciênc Tecnol Alimen., 29: 395-400 (2009) @No $ @ @ Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC) Official method of analysis (14th ed.) Washington DC: Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (1984) @No $ @ @ Alvarez E., Cancela A. and Maceiras R., Rheological behavior of powdered baby foods. Int J Food Prop., 8(1), 79-88 (2005) @No $ @ @ Coppes Z, Pavlisko A. and Vecchi S.D., Texture measurements in fish and fish products. J Aquat Food Prod Technol.,11(1):89-105 (2002) @No $ @ @ Lepetit J., A theoretical approach of the relationships between collagen content, collagen cross-links and meat tenderness, Meat Sci.,76(1), 147-159 (2007) @No $ @ @ Hagen Ø., Solberg C., Sirnes E. and Johnston I.A., Biochemical and structural factors contributing to seasonal variation in the texture of farmed Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) flesh, J Agric Food Chem., 55(14), 5803-5808 (2007) @No $ @ @ Onweluzo J.C., Leelavathi K.R., PH Effect of Detarium microcarpum (dm) andMucuna flagellipes (mf) gums on the quality of white bread, Plant Food Hum Nutr., 54,173-182 (1999) @No $ @ @ Esteller M. S., Amaral R. L. and Lannes S. C., Effect of sugar and fat replacers on the texture of baked goods. J Texture Stud.,35, 383–393 (2004) @No $ @ @ Mcguire R.G., Reporting of Objective Color Measurements, Horticultural Science,27(12), 1254-1255 (1992) @No $ @ @ Soma P., Williams P. and Lo M., Advancements in nonstarch polysaccharides  research for frozen foods and microencapsulation  of probiotics, Chinese J Chem Eng., 3(4), 413-426 (2009) @No $ @ @ Williams P.A and Phillips G.O., Introduction to food hydrocolloids. In: Phillips GO. And Williams PA. (ed), Handbook of hydrocolloids, Cambridge, Wood head Publishing Ltd, 1-19 (2000) @No 
<#LINE#>Vegetative Propagation of Eucalyptus Hybrids through Water Culture Method<#LINE#>K.S.@Venkataramanan,M@Palanisamy,P@Selvaraj,P@Vellaichamy,@SenthamilSelvanS,G@Divya<#LINE#>15-18<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-012.pdf<#LINE#>Plant Biotechnology Division, Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore 641 002, INDIA <#LINE#>27/1/2015<#LINE#>5/4/2015<#LINE#>In Industrial forestry, purpose of vegetative propagation is to consolidate the genetic gain and to mass multiply superior trees like Eucalyptus, Casuarinas, etc. Vegetative propagation by cuttings (called macro propagation) is the main tool in Eucalyptus breeding program by which is possible to multiply the plants quickly and to retaining the characteristics of same plant. Macro propagation requires rooting medium like vermiculite, composed coir pith, root trainer, root trainer stands, poly tunnels and irrigation and is expensive. To simplify this rooting technique in Eucalyptus, the water culture experiment (hydroponics) was carried out in control pollinated Eucalyptus hybrids (E. camaldulensis (Ec 7) x E. tereticornis (Et88) and (E. camaldulensis (Ec 111) x E. tereticornis (Et86). Mini cuttings of both hybrids were placed in the transparent disposable plastic cups using tap water as media after systematic treatments like fungicide application (Bavastin 0.1%), dipping in 100ppm IBA hormone. Cuttings without systematic treatment were used as control. These cuttings were kept in the polythene tunnels for rooting with single shade net provision. It was recorded that the maximum rooting percentage 76 % in control cuttings followed by 63 % in hormone treated cuttings for the hybrid Ec 111 x Et 86. In hybrid Ec7x Et88 a maximum of 95% was recorded in the hormone treated cuttings and 91% in control cuttings. This results shows that the water culture technique is cost effective tool than existing macro propagation methods to get multiplication of Eucalyptus hybrids through cuttings. <#LINE#> @ @ Wilson J, Rational utilization of the Montana Temperate Forests of South India, Indian Forester,99 (12),707-716,  (1973) @No $ @ @ Sundar S, Some aspects of Eucalyptus hybrid, Workshop on Eucalyptus plantation, Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore,  (1984) @No $ @ @ Varghese M, Kamalakannan R, Harwood CE, Lindgren D, Mcdonald MW., Changes in growth performance and fecundity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E. tereticornis during domestication in southern India, Tree Genet Genom, 5, 629–640,  (2009) @No $ @ @ Nanda KK, Purohit, AN. and Anand, VK, Seasonal rooting response of stem cuttings of some forest tree species to auxins, Indian Forester, 154-162 (1968) @No $ @ @ Gurumurthi K,  Infrastructure planning for clonal multiplication, Training manual consultancy for Development, Training and Establishment of root Trainer and Clonal Nursery to Kerala Forest Development Corporation, 20-53, (2000) @No $ @ @  6.Gericke W.F., hydroponics, Crop production in liquid culture, Science, 85,177-178 (1937) @No $ @ @ Jensen H.M.,Hydroponics, Horticulture Science.,32, 1018-1021 (1997) @No $ @ @ Resh H.M., Watercress production. Hidroponia Comercial Conferencia International, Lima, Peru, 6 – 8 Agosto, 75-85, (1997) @No $ @ @ Zhongchonglu, and Zhang yong., Casuarina (Australian fine) status in Florida. (UF/IFAS Extension Report (Modified 30th September, 2014), (2014) @No $ @ @ Warrier, K.C.S., Developing Clonal Techniques for Raising High Yielding Clonal Plantation of  Casuarina equisetifolia L. Twenty-Five Years of Research On Casuarinas at IFGTB, ICFRE, 39-40 (2014) @No 
<#LINE#>Antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and Biochemical, analysis of Water, Ethanol and Acetone Extract of different parts of Solanum Nigrum l. (Black Night Shade)<#LINE#>Kaleemullah@Kalwar<#LINE#>19-22<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-013.pdf<#LINE#> Medical and Environmental Research Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Hyderabad; PAKISTAN <#LINE#>28/1/2015<#LINE#>7/4/2015<#LINE#>In this study 20% ethanol, acetone and water extract of different part root, stem, leaf and fruit of Solanum nigrum were used to identify Antioxidant activity the highest observed in leaves of acetone extract and the highest phenolic content were analyzed from water extract of Solanum nigrum. Some biomolecules total sugar, reducing sugar and total protein were identify from different extracts of different parts of Solanum nigrum and also used against harmful pathogenic fungal species, the high influence of antifungal activity was measured 19.67mm by the water extract of fruit of Solanum nigrum to Trichophyton tonsurans (fungal specie) inhibition zones were noted when different parts of water, acetone and ethanol extract of Solanum nigrum were used respectively.<#LINE#> @ @ Jimoh F.O., Adedapo A.A. and Afolayan A.J., Comparison of the nutritional value and biological activities of the acetone, methanol and water extracts of the leaves of Solanum nigrum and Leonotis leonorus, Food Chem. Toxicol., (48), 964–71 (2010) @No $ @ @ Fallah H.H.S.M., Heshmat R.A., Heydari M.R. and Abolmaali K., The efficacy of Liv-52 on liver cirrhotic patients: A randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled first approach, Phytomedicine, 12(9), 619-624 (2005) @No $ @ @ Singh K., Ali N.S., Khan M.I. and Ahirwar V., Effect of Solanum nigrum on protein content of liver and kidney of albino rats, Pharmacie Glob., 2(4), 1-3 (2011) @No $ @ @ Teixeira., A. de Sousa., M. Azenha., J. Moreira, F. Fidalgo, A. Silva, J. Faria, and A. Silva. Solanum nigrumL. weed plants as a remediation tool for metalaxyl polluted effluents and soils Chemosphere, (85), 744–750 (2011) @No $ @ @ Khattak J.Z.K., Anwar Z., Aftab S., Afzal M., Islam M. and Khan A., Solanum nigrum as Potent Therapy, A Review B. J. of Pharm. and Tox., 3(4), 185-189 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sun R.l., Zhou Q.X. and Wang X., Relationships between cadmium accumulation and organic acids in leaves of Solanum nigrum L. as a cadmium-hyper accumulator, Huan jingke xue, 27(4), 765-769 (2006) @No $ @ @ Zhou X., He X., Wang G., Gao H., Zhou G., Ye W. and Yao X., Steroidal saponins from Solanum nigrum., J. Nat. Prod., 69(8), 1158-1163 (2006) @No $ @ @ Wang L.Y., Wang N.I. and Yao X.S., Non-saponins from Solanum nigrum L., J. Chin. Med. Mat., 30(7), 792-794 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sharma S.C., Chand R., Sati O.P. and Sharma A.K., Oligofurostanosides from Solanum nigrum, Phytochem, 22(5), 1241-1244 (1983) @No $ @ @ Nawwar M.A.M., El-Mousallamy A.M.D. and Barakat H.H., Quercetin 3-glycosides from the leaves of Solanum nigrum, Phytochemistry, 28(6), 1755-1757 (1989) @No $ @ @ Charles M., Benbrook, An organic centre state of science review, elevating antioxidant levels in food through organic forming and food processing, 1-81 (2005) @No $ @ @ Lee S.J. and Lim K.T., 150 kDa glycoprotein isolated from Solanum nigrum Linn stimulates caspase-3 activation and reduces inducible nitric oxide production in HCT-116 cells, Toxicol. in Vitro,20(7), 1088-1097 (2006) @No $ @ @ Jian L., Qingwang L., Tao F., Tao Z., Kun L., Rui Z., Zengsheng H. and Dawei G., Antitumor activity of crude polysaccharides isolated from Solanum nigrum Linne on U14 cervical carcinoma bearing mice, Phytother. Res.,21(9), 832-840 (2007) @No $ @ @ Prieto P., Pineda M. and Aguilar M., spectrophotometric quantification of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of vitamin E., Anal. Biochem., (269) 337-341 (1999) @No $ @ @ Yasoubi P.M., Barzegar M.A., Sahari and Azizi M.H., Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity ofPomegranate Punica granatum L. Peel Extracts, J. Agric. Sci. Technol., 9, 35-42 (2007) @No $ @ @ Lowry O.H., Rosebourgh N. J., Farr A. L. and Randall R.J., Protein measurement with follin phenol reagent, J Biol. Chem., (193), 265-275 (1951) @No $ @ @ Montgomerry R., The further studied of the phenol sulphuric acid reagent for carbohydrate, Biochem Biophys Act,(48), 591-593 (1961) @No $ @ @ Miller G.L., Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for the determination of reducing sugar, AnalChem., (31) 426-429 (1959) @No $ @ @ Terras F.R.G., Eggermend K., Kovalena V., Railkhel N.V., Osborn R.W., Kesler A., Terrekens S., Leuven F. V., Vanterieyden J., Cammue B.P.A. and Broekaerst W.F., Small cysteine rich antifungal proteins from radish, Their role in host defence, The plant cell, (7), 573-588 (1995) @No $ @ @ Lewis K. and Ausubel F.M., Prospects for plant derived antibacterial, Nature Biotech,24(12), 1504-1507 (2006) @No $ @ @ Cowan M.M., Plant product as antimicrobial agents, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 12(4), 564-582 (1999) @No 
<#LINE#>Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Different Solvent Crude Extracts from the Coastal region of Wedelia biflora.L<#LINE#>P@ArockiaSahayaraj,M@Amaladasan,J@Gowri,V@Dharmalingam,@LakshmiPrabhaA,R@Rajendran<#LINE#>23-30<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-023.pdf<#LINE#>PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Periyar E.V.R College, Tiruchirappalli, 620 023, Tamil Nadu, INDIA @ PG and Research Department of Chemistry, St.Joseph College, Tiruchirappalli, 620 002, Tamil Nadu, INDIA @ Department of Plant Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, INDIA<#LINE#>12/2/2015<#LINE#>2/4/2015<#LINE#>To identify and characteristic the chemical composition from the leaves of wedelia biflora in coastal region by using GC-MS analysis. The dried leaves powder were extracted with non-polar to polar solvents by using soxhlet apparatus of   W.biflora and the derived fractions of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous were obtained The different crude extracts of W.biflora showed high and low molecular weight compound . The isolated compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis in the crude extracts of W.biflora and characteristic by spectroscopic method are biologically active molecules. The bioactive compounds of the leaves were used for various diseases.  <#LINE#> @ @ Peterson R.F., Wheat-Botany, cultivation and utilization, Inter science publisher INC, New York, (1965) @No $ @ @ Jacobson M., Insecticides from plants: A review of the literature, Agriculture hand book, Peters Qualt. Plant. Mat Veg William and Schubert, Tech, Bull, U.S. Dept. Agric, Jacobson, (5), 313 (1959) @No $ @ @ Sarac N, Ugur A Antimicrobial activities and usage in folkloric medicine of some Lamiaceae species growing in Mugla, Turkey, Eur. Asia. J. Biol. Sci., 4(1), 28-34 (2007) @No $ @ @ Essawi T, Srour M Screening of some Palestinian medicinal plants for antibacterial activity, J. Ethnopharmacol., 70(3), 343-349 (2000) @No $ @ @ Taddei A, Rosas-Romero AJ Antimicrobial activity of Wedelia trilobata crude extracts, Phytomed., (6), 133-134 (1999) @No $ @ @ D. Howard Miles, Vallapa Chittawong, and Allen Matthew Payne, Cotton Boll Weevil Antifeedant Activity and Antifungal Activity (Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum) of Extracts of the Stemsof Wedelia bifloraJ. Agric. Food Chem., (38), 1591-1594 (1990) @No $ @ @ Meena AK, Rao1 MM, Meena RP, Panda P, Renu ,Pharmacological and Phytochemical Evidence for the Plants of Wedelia Genus, A Review, Asian J. Pharm. Res., 1(1), 7-12 (2011) @No $ @ @ Donghai Li2, Zhenyi Liang1, Mofei Guo1, Jing Zhou2, Xiaobo Yang 2* and Jing Xu1, 2* Study on the chemical composition and extraction technology optimization of essential oil from Wedelia trilobata (L) Hitchc, African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(20), 4513-4517 (2012) @No $ @ @ Howard D. Miles, Vallapa Chittawong, Paul A. Hedint and Udom Kokpol, Potential Agrochemicals From Leaves of Wedelia bifloraPhytochemistry,(32), 14271 4291 (l992) @No $ @ @ Rehana Banu H. and NagarajanGC N., MS determination of bioactive components of Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) Merrill, Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 5(4),279-285 (2013) @No $ @ @ Hossain MA, Shah MD and Sakari M., Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of various, Organic extracts of Merremia borneensis from Sabah. Asian Pac J Trop Med , 4(8), 637-641 (2011) @No
<#LINE#>Effect of extrusion variables (Moisture Content, Barrel Temperature and Screw Speed) on the reduction of aflatoxins in Maize<#LINE#>K.@SohiSukhman,N.S.@Sharma,Hanuman@Bobade,Baljit@Singh,Savita@Sharma<#LINE#>31-37<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-028.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, INDIA Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, INDIA <#LINE#>25/2/2015<#LINE#>4/4/2015<#LINE#>Naturally contaminated maize was extrusion processed for reduction of aflatoxins. The contaminated grains collected from different locations were screened for aflatoxins by Pressure Mini Column. The grains were quantified for aflatoxin content (AFB and AFB) by thin layer chromatography. Maize grains were extrusion processed by co-rotating twin-screw extruder using different extrusion variables; feed moisture (24, 27 and 30%), barrel temperature (140, 170 and 200°C) and screw speed (300, 400 and 500 rpm). Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the processing conditions and to assess the effect of extrusion variables on the reduction of aflatoxins. The maximum reduction of AFB1 (75%) and AFB2  (72.5%) in maize with initial concentration of 78 ppb was obtained at 24% moisture, 171 °C temperature and 369 rpm screw speed. Extrusion processed maize with final aflatoxin concentration of 19 ppb was utilized for preparation of porridge and chapatti with good consumer acceptance.  <#LINE#> @ @  Bhat R., Rai RV. and Karim AA., Mycotoxins in Food and Feed: Present Status and Future Concerns, Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 9(1), 57–81 (2010) @No $ @ @ Speijers GJA. and Speijers MHM., Combined toxic effects of mycotoxins, Toxicology Letters, 153(1), 91–98 (2004) @No $ @ @  IARC, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene, International Agency for Research on Cancer Press, France, 82, 171–274 (2002) @No $ @ @  Betran FJ. and Isakeit T., Aflatoxin accumulation in maize hybrids of different maturities, Agronomy Journal, 96(2), 565–570 (2004) @No $ @ @  CAST, Mycotoxins: Risks in Plant, Animal, and Human Systems, Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, USA, 104–128 (2003) @No $ @ @  Riaz MN., Selecting the right extruder, In: Extrusion cooking: Technology and applications, Guy R., (Ed.), pp. 29–49, Wood head Publishing Ltd., USA, (2001) @No $ @ @  Harper JM., Food extruders and their applications, In: Extrusion Cooking, Mercier C., Linko P. and Harper JM., (Ed.), 1–15, American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, USA, (1989) @No $ @ @  Sashidhar RB., Bhat RV. and Vasanthi S., Non competitive Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay for detection of aflatoxin B1, Indian Journal of Experimental Biology,26(12), 984–989 (1989) @No $ @ @  Romer TR., Screening method for the detection of aflatoxins in mixed feeds and other agricultural commodities with subsequent confirmation and quantitative measurement of aflatoxins in positive samples, Journal- Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 58(3), 500–506 (1975) @No $ @ @  Cocker RD., Jones BD., Nagler MR., Gilman GA., Wallbridge AJ. and Panigrahi S., Tropical Development and Research Institute Mycotoxin Training (TDRI) Manual, London, (1984) @No $ @ @  Austin A. and Ram A., Studies on Chapatti making quality of wheat, Indian Council of Agricultural Research Bull, 31, 108 (1971) @No $ @ @  Anderson RA., Conway HF. and Griffin EL., Gelatinization of corn grits by roll and extrusion cooking, Journal of Cereal Science,14, 4–12 (1969) @No $ @ @  Pardhi SD., Development of extruded product from brown rice,Masters Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India (2011) @No $ @ @  Bourne M., Principles of objective texture measurement, In: Food Texture and Viscosity: Concept and Measurement, 114–117, Academic Press, San Diego, (1982) @No $ @ @ Larmond E., Methods of sensory evaluation of food, Food Research Institute, Canada Department of Agriculture, Publication, 1284 (1970) @No $ @ @  Cheftel JC., Extrusion cooking and food safety, In: Extrusion cooking, Mercier C., Linko P. and Harper JM., (Ed.), 435–62, American Association of Cereal Chemists, St Paul, USA, (1989) @No $ @ @  Cazzaniga D., Basilico JC., Gonzalez RJ., Torres RL. and De-Greef DM., Mycotoxins inactivation by extrusion cooking of corn flour, Letters in Applied Microbiology, 33(2), 144–147 (2001) @No $ @ @  Mendez-Albores A., Martinez-Bustos F., Veles-Medina J., Castano-Tostado E. and Moreno-Martinez E., Effect of moisture content, lactic acid addition and extrusion conditions on reduction of &#946;-aflatoxins in milled sorghum (Sorghum L. Moench), Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 17(3), 442–451 (2008) @No $ @ @  Castells M., Pardo E., Ramos AJ., Sanchis V. and Marin S., Reduction of ochratoxin A in extruded barley meal,Journal of Food Protection, 69(5), 1139–1143 (2006)@No $ @ @  Castells M., Marin S., Sanchis V. and Ramos AJ., Reduction of aflatoxins by extrusion cooking of rice meal, Journal of Food Science, 71(7), 369–377 (2006) @No $ @ @  Sidhu JS., Seibel W. and Bruemmer JM., Measurement of chapatti texture using Zwick universal testing machine, LWT – Journal of Food Science and Technology, 21(3), 147–152 (1988) @No 
<#LINE#>Role of Seed Treatment with Herbal  Plant Products and Management Practices with Growth Nutrients by Decreasing Chlorophyll Reduction Rate for Overcoming Submergence Stress in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)<#LINE#>Biswajit@Pradhan,Sritama@Kundu,Sabyasachi@Kundagrami<#LINE#>38-43<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-030.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Science, Calcutta University, 41/2 Hazra Road, Kolkata, 700019; INDIA <#LINE#>27/2/2015<#LINE#>2/4/2015<#LINE#>The fresh harvested dried seeds with optimum moisture content of two paddy genotypes viz. Mahananda and Swarna were treated with sun drying powdered form of nineteen herbal treatments at the rate of 2 gm of treatment/kg of seeds along with control and stored for 3 months at -20c.  The herbal treated seeds were raised to establish as 21 days old seedlings in a pot with soil which were submerged for ten days in the drum in three replications. The same set of herbal treated seeds were sown  at low land field condition at Baruipur, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India to see the effect of laboratory experiment for two consecutive years 2012 and 2013 in the kharif season and various agro morphological characters are estimated. Under severe submergence stress out of 20 treatments (19 herbals and one control) four treatment like tobacco, kalmegh, neem and vitex leaf have significantly reduce the reduction% of chlorophyll in both the varieties. The chlorophyll reduction% is negatively correlated with survival percentage. The field experiment result reveals that tobacco, kalmegh, neem and vitex leaf treated seeds of the two paddy genotypes have outstanding seed yield. In a separate set up 21 days old rice seedlings of above rice genotypes were treated with growth nutrients viz. nitrogen(N), phosphorous(P), potassium(K) and NPK separately along with control in the soil filled pot prior to two days of submergence for complete ten days in three replications in the drum.  Total chlorophyll estimation was done before and after submergence in both lab experiments. Survival % was done after submergence. The total chlorophyll reduction% was higher in case of nitrogen and NPK treatment in both the varieties. Nitrogen has the ill effects over the survival% under submergence condition. Better phosphorous soil status before submergence will enhance the survival% even in the susceptible variety Swarna. Proper and suitable management practices are very crucial for overcoming submergence stress in rice. <#LINE#> @ @ Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, Rome, The State of Food Insecurity in the World Addressing food insecurity in protracted crises, (2010)  @No $ @ @ Kennedy R.A., Rumpho M.E. and Fox T.C., Anaerobic metabolism in plants, Plant Physiol., 100, 1–6 (1992) @No $ @ @ Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad.,Vision 2030, (2011) @No $ @ @ Huke R.E and Huke E.H., Rice area by type of culture. South, Southeast, and East Asia. A revised and updated database, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines, (1997) @No $ @ @ Dey M.M. and Upadhyaya H.K., Yield Loss Due to Drought, Cold and Submergence Tolerance. In: Evenson R.E., Herdt R.W., Hossain M., editors. Rice Research in Asia: Progress and Priorities, UK, International Rice Research Institute in Collaboration with CAB International, (1996) @No $ @ @ Hossain M. and Laborte A., Differential growth in rice production in eastern India: agro ecological and socio-economic constraints, Physiology of Stress Tolerance of Rice, NDUAT and IRRI, Los Banos, The Philippines,221–239, (1996) @No $ @ @ Das M., Sarkar M., Roychoudhury D. and Kundagrami S., Screening for salinity tolerance and its management in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum), Trend in Biosciences., 5(2),129-132 (2012) @No $ @ @ Roy Choudhury D., Das M. and Kundagrami S., Screening for salinity tolerance and management for improved productivity in Chickpea and Lentil, Agrobios., 195-201 (2012) @No $ @ @ Pal P. and Basu R.N., Effect of powdered red chilli, turmeric and neem leaf on pre- and post-storage germinability of wheat seed, Indian Agriculturist., 37, 266-71 (1993) @No $ @ @ Mandal A.K., De B.K. and Basu R.N., Dry-seed treatment for improved germinability and productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum)., Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences., 69, 627-630 (1999) @No $ @ @ Ahmed N. and Shultana K., Fungitoxic efficacy of garlic treatment on jute seed., Bangladesh Journal of Botany., 13, 130-136 (1984) @No $ @ @ Kundagrami S., De B.K. and Mandal A.K., Post-harvest seed invigoration treatments for improved storability and field performance of rice (Oryza sativa L.)., Crop Research, 35, 317-322 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ramakrishnayya G., Setter T.L., Sarkar R.K., Krishnan P. and Ravi I., Influence of P application to floodwater on oxygen concentrations and survival of rice during complete submergence, Exp. Agric., 35, 167–180 (1999) @No $ @ @ Das K.K. and Sarkar R.K., Post flood changes on the status of chlorophyll, carbohydrate and nitrogen content and its association with submergence tolerance in rice., Plant Arch,  , 15–19 (2001) @No $ @ @ Mohanty H.K., Mallik S. and Grover A., Prospects of improving flooding tolerance in lowland rice varieties by conventional breeding and genetic engineering., Curr. Sci, 78, 132–137 (2000) @No $ @ @ Ella E.S. and Ismail A.M., Seedling Nutrient Status before Submergence Affects Survival after Submergence in Rice, Cropsci, 46. 1673-1681 (2006) @No $ @ @ Standard Evaluation System for Rice (SES)., International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), (2002) @No $ @ @ Hiscox J.D. and Israelstam G.F., A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration, Canadian Journal of Botany, 57, 1332-1334(1979) @No $ @ @ Arnon D.I., Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts, polyphenoxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant physiology, 24, 1-15 (1949) @No 
<#LINE#>Organal Distribution and their Seasonal rate of Infestation in Glossogobius giuris<#LINE#>S@Sultana<#LINE#>44-49<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-033.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, BANGLADESH <#LINE#>10/3/2015<#LINE#>29/4/2015<#LINE#>This study aimed to estimate the parasitic infestation of an indigenous freshwater fish, Glossogobius giuris collected from different wetlands of Savar Upazila during November, 2013 to June, 2014. A total of 80 host fishes were examined during the study period of which 38 fishes were found infected by numerous helminth parasites. In all 58 parasites belonging to ten species were recorded from the surveyed hosts. Among them four were monogenetic trematodes, four were digenetic trematodes and two species were acanthocephalans. The prevalence, intensity and abundance of parasitic infection was a bit higher in female fish than in male. The highest level of infection was observed for host intestine, while lower levels were observed for host body cavity. In particular, the results also revealed that the prevalence, intensity and abundance of parasites of Glossogobius giuris varied with the season. Prevalence, intensity and abundance of the infestation were also found to be related to different length group of the hosts, the medium sized fishes (10.1-15.1) were more infested than the larger sized fishes (15.2-20.2) were less infested while the smaller sized fishes (5-10) showed medium infestation. <#LINE#> @ @ Ashade O.O., Osineye O.M. and Kumoye E.A., Isolation, identification and prevalence of parasites on Oreochromis niloticus from three selected River systems, J. Fish. Aqua. Sci.,8, 115-121 (2013) @No $ @ @ Hohn S., Essential fatty acid, http://www. nutrition's supplement.com/s:-fatty-acid.htm, Accessed June, (2013) @No $ @ @ Ravichandran S., Balasubramanin T. and Kannupandi, T. Incidence of parasitic isopods on the fish Sphyraena obtusata.,Res. J. Parasitol.,2(1), 45-50 (2007) @No $ @ @ Ko RC, Fish-borne parasitic zoonoses, In: P.T.K. Woo (Ed.) Fish diseases and Disorders, 1, Protozoan and Metazoan infections. Cambridge, CAB International, 808 (2007) @No $ @ @ Chowdhury A.K., Helminth parasite infestation and histopathological changes in snakehead fishes, M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka (1992) @No $ @ @ Markov G.S., Physiology of fish parasites, In: Parasitology of fishes (V.A. Dogiel, G.K. Petrushevesky and Polyansky eds.) English traslation by Z. Kobata, Oliver and Boyd, Edinberg and London, 117-139 (1961) @No $ @ @ Snieszko S.F., Diseases of fishes: Research and Control, Fisheries,, 20-22 (1983) @No $ @ @ Rahman M.R. and Jahan M.S., Consequences of  larval helminth infecting freshwater gastropods, Bangladesh J. Zool.,30(2), 101-114 (2002) @No $ @ @ Rahman M.R. and Jahan M.S.,  Larval trematode  parasites of  freshwater gastropods, Bangladesh J. Zool., 33(1), 13-34 (2005) @No $ @ @ Gupta S.P., Trematode parasites of freshwater fishes. Indian J. of helminthol.,5, 1-8 (1953) @No $ @ @ Cheng T. C.,  General Parasitology. Academic press, London, (1973) @No $ @ @ Rahman M.R., Akter M.A. and Hossain M.D., Parasitic diseases of exotic carp in Bangladesh, J. Agri. Rural Dev., 5(1&2), 127-134 (2007) @No $ @ @ Bashirullah A.K.M., A brief survey of the helminth fauna of certain marine and freshwater fishes of Banglade sh. Bangladesh J. Zool.,1, 63-81 (1973) @No $ @ @ Ahmed A.T.A., Helminth infection in freshwater fishes of Bangladesh, Fish Pathol.,15(3-4), 229-236 (1981) @No $ @ @ Parveen S. and Rahman M.R., Distribution of helminth parasites in different organs and their monthly rate of infection in three freshwater fishes of Rajshahi, Univ.J.Zool. Rajshahi Univ., 19, 67-72 (2000) @No $ @ @ Mofasshalin M.S., Bashar M.A., Alam M.M., Alam G.M., Moumita D., Mazlan A.G. and Simon K.D., Parasites of three Indian minor carps of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 7(7), 631-620 (2012) @No $ @ @ Akinsanya B. and Otubanjo O.A., Helminth Parasites of Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae) in  Lekki Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria, Revista de Biologia Tropical,54(1), 93-99 (2006) @No $ @ @ Khalil L.F., Techniques for identification and investigative helminthology, Helminthology manual, (International Institute of Parasitology, St. Albans, UK, 156 (1991) @No $ @ @ Oniye S.J., Adebote D.A. and Ayanda O.I., Helminthes parasites of Clarias gariepinus (Tuegels) in Zaria, Nig. Journal of Aquatics,19(2), 71 -75 (2004) @No $ @ @ Margolsis L., Esch G.W., Holmes J.C., Kuris A.M. and Scad G.A., The use of ecological terms in parasitology, (Report of an Ad-hoc committee of the American Society of Parasitology), J. Parasitol.68(1), 131-133 (1982) @No $ @ @ Thomas J.D., A comparison between the helminth burden of male and female brown trout Salmo trutta L. from a natural population in the river Teify, West Wales Parasitology,4, 263-272 (1964) @No $ @ @ Khanum H and Parveen S., Organal distribution and seasonal prevalence of endoparasites  in Macrognathus aculeatus  Smith and Macrognathus armatus  Day, Bangladesh  J. Zool.,25(1), 15-21 (1997) @No $ @ @ Rahman W.A. and Saidin H., Relationship between sex and parasite intensity in four freshwater fish species from Tasik Merah, Perak, Penisular Malaysia, World. J. Zoology, 6(4), 370-374 (2011) @No $ @ @ DobsonC., Certain aspects of the host parasites relation of nematode Spirudaedubius (Buylis), I. resistance of male and female mice to experiment infection, Parasitol., 51, 173-179 (1961) @No $ @ @ Bashirullah A.K.M., A brief survey of the helminth fauna of certain marine and freshwater Fishes of Bangladesh, Bangladesh J. Zool.,1(1), 63-81 (1973) @No $ @ @ Rahman, A.K.A. and Ali, M.Y. The incidence of nematode, Procamallanus heteropneustus in the stomach of Heteropneustes fossilis, Pakistan J. Sci. Indust. Res., 11, 112-113 (1968) @No $ @ @ Ahmed, A.T.A. and Begum, R. Studies on the distribution of some endoparasitic helminthes in six freshwater fishes of Dacca and Barisal, Bangladesh J Aquaculture.1, 52-60 (1978) @No $ @ @ Banerjii, M. and Chandra, K.J. Digenetic trematodes from freshwater fishes of Mymensingh, Bangladesh Family Allocreadiidae, Riv. Di. Parasitol., 53, 361-371(1992) @No $ @ @ Khanum, H., Bugum, N. and Begum, A. Seasonal Prevalence, Intensity and Organal distribution of Helminth Parasites in Macrognathus aculeatus, Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci., 20(2), 117-122 (2011) @No $ @ @ Khatun F.A., Metazoan Parasites of some freshwater fishes of Comilla, Bangladesh, M.Sc. Thesis. Dept. of Zool. Chittagong University, 162 (1995) @No $ @ @ Sarma K., Seasonal incidence of Helminth Parasite of three selected Murrel Fish Species of Assam, A thesis submitted to Gouhati University for the award of the degree Doctor of  Philosophy in Zoology in Faculty of Science, 136-137(2012) @No $ @ @ Rahman M.R. and Parween S., Parasites infestation in relation to length Heteropneustes fossilis, Channa punctatus and Colisa fascitatus, Univ. J. Zool. Rajshahi Univ., 20, 53-56 (2001) @No $ @ @ Alam M.M., Rahman M.R., Huq K.A. and Parveen S. Intensity of helminth parasitic infestation in three freshwater fish species of Rajshahi, South Asian J. Agric., Agrotechnol. Discipl., 1(1), 1-3 (2006) @No $ @ @ Rahman, M.R, Akter, M.A, Hossain, M.D. Parasitic diseases of exotic carp in Bangladesh, J Agric Rural Dev., 5(1 and 2), 127–134 (2007) @No $ @ @ Farhaduzzaman A.M., Alam M.M., Hossain M., Hussain M.A. and Rahman M.H., Prevalence of parasites in the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton) in Rajshahi, Bangladesh, Univ J Zool Rajshahi Univ.,28, 65–68 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mofasshalin M.S., Bashar M.A., Alam M.M., Alam G.M., Moumita D., Mazlan A.G. and Simon K.D., Parasites of three Indian minor carps of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Asian J Anim Vet Adv., 7(7), 613–620 (2012) doi: 10.3923/ajava.2012.613.620. @No $ @ @ Golder M.I., Chandra K.J. and Rahman A.K.A., Helminth Parasitism in Nandus nandus (Hamilton), Bangladesh J. Fish,10, 11-22 (1987) @No 
<#LINE#>A Spectrum of Bacterial Pathogens and its Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern Isolated from Neonatal Sepsis in an NICU in a Government Pediatric Hospital<#LINE#>Pooja@Rao,Sowmya@KN,Shrikala@Baliga,M@Radhakrishna,Keerthiraj@Bele<#LINE#>50-54<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-034.pdf<#LINE#> Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, INDIA @ Kasturba Medical College, Light house, Hill Road, Mangalore, Manipal University, 575001, Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>12/3/2015<#LINE#>14/4/2015<#LINE#>Neonatal sepsis being one of the major causes for mortality and morbidity in the NICU. This study will provide a data on the bacterial pathogens causing neonatal sepsis along with their antibiogram. To study the spectrum of significant bacterial isolates causing septicemia in neonates and to determine their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. A total of 784 blood samples were screened for sepsis in newborns less than 28 days old in this retrospective study. The positive blood cultures were detected by BACTEC blood culture systems and antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Out of 784 samples, 170 were positive blood cultures. Gram negative and gram positive organisms comprised of 79.94% and 18.17% respectively, out of which Burkholderiacepecia complex (30%), Klebsiellaspp.(15.5%) were the most common pathogens  followed by S.aureus (14.7%), Among the gram negative organism’s susceptibility for Imipenem, Meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactum was high. All Gram positive bacterial isolates showed 100% sensitivity to Netillin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampacin. Gram negative species has been predominantly seen in neonatal sepsisand Carbapenems is considered one of the best options for empirical antibiotic therapy in our NICU.   <#LINE#> @ @ Huda H.A., Goma Edet E. and Udoc Usha Rajaram,  Neonatal Septicemia in Al-Jahra Hospital, Kuwait: Etiologic Agents and Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns Med Principles Pract, 10, 145–150 (2001) @No $ @ @ Poonam S, Parminder K and Aruna A, Staphylococcus aureus- the predominant pathogen in the neonatal ICU of a tertiary care hospital in Amritsar, India, JCDR, 7(1),66-69 (2003) @No $ @ @ Vergnano S, Sharland M, Kazembe P, Mwansambo C and Heath PT, Neonatal sepsis: An international perspective, Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed90, F220–F224 (2005) @No $ @ @ Thaver D and Zaidi AK, Burden of neonatal infections in developing countries: A review of evidence from community-based studies, Pediatr Infect Dis J, 28, S3-9 (2009) @No $ @ @ Paolucci M, Landini MP and Sambri V, How can the microbiologist help in diagnosing neonatal sepsis?,Int J Pediatr, 120139 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nalini A., Neelam K. and Varsha G, Antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates from neonatal septicemia, Jpm. J. Infect. Dis., 57, 273-275 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rahman S, Hameed A, Roghani MT and Ullah Z, Multidrug resistant neonatal sepsis in Peshawar, Pakistan, Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 87, F52-F54 (2002) @No $ @ @ Roy I, Jain A, Kumar M and Agarwal SK, Bacteriology of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary care hospital of northern, India. Indian J Med Microbiol, 20, 156-9 (2002) @No $ @ @ Afroza S., Neonatal sepsis, A global problem an overview, Mymensingh med J.Jan, 15(1), 108-14 (2006) @No $ @ @ Mustafa M and Ahmed SL, Bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in neonatal septicemia in view of emerging drug resistance, J Med Allied Sci; 4(1), (2014) @No $ @ @ Karthikeyan G and Premkumar K., Neonatal sepsis: Staphylococcus aureus as the predominant pathogen. Indian J Pediatr, 68, 715–17. (2001) @No $ @ @ CDC, Trends in Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease - United States, MMWR. 2009, 58, 109–12 (2000-2006) @No $ @ @ Nidal S. Younis, Neonatal sepsis in Jordan: Bacterial isolates and susceptibility pattern, Rawal Med J, 36(3), 169–72 (2011) @No $ @ @ @No $ @ @ Jones AM, Dodd ME and Webb AK, Burkholderiacepacia: current clinical issues, environmental controversies and ethical dilemmas, EurRespir J., 17, 295-301 (2001) @No $ @ @ Ahmed NU, Chowdhury MA, Hoque M and Darmstadt GL, Clinical and bacteriological profile of neonatal septicemia in a tertiary level pediatric hospital in Bangladesh, Indian Pediatr, 39, 1034-1039 (2002) @No $ @ @ Shaw CK, Shaw P and Thapaliala A., Neonatal sepsis bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility patterns at a NICU in a tertiary care hospital in western Nepal: A retrospective analysis, Kathmandu Univ Med J, 5, 153-160 (2007) @No $ @ @ Vinodkumar CS, Neelagund YF, Kalsurmath S, Banapurmath S, Kalappannavar NK and Basavarajappa KG, Perinatal risk factors and microbial profile of neonatal septicemia: A multicentred study, J Obstet Gynecol India; 58, 32-4 (2008) @No $ @ @ Arpita Jigar Shah, Summaiya A. Mulla and Sangita B. Revdiwala, Neonatal Sepsis: High Antibiotic Resistance of the Bacterial Pathogens in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Journal of Clinical Neonatology, 1(2), (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Assessment of suitability of Processing Effluent discharged from Quality Indian Seafood Exporter: Shimpo Exports, West Bengal, India<#LINE#>Prabha@MishraRashmi,Keshari@RoutSangram,Navin@Kumar,Akhaya@Panigrahi,Ch@Mishra,@rakanta,Prabha@MishraJyoti<#LINE#>55-58<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-037.pdf<#LINE#>Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Panchamahala, Hulursingha, Angul, Odisha, 759132, INDIA  @ Dept. of Aquatic Environment Management, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, 5-Budherhat road, Panchasayar, WBUAFS, Kolkata, 700094, INDIA @ Fisheries Extension Officer, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, INDIA @ CIBA, Chennai, Fish and Fisheries Science, Crustacean culture division, INDIA Regional Research centre, CIFA (ICAR), ATIC Building, Anand Agricultural University, Borsad Chokadi, Anand Gujarat, 388001, INDIA @ Department of Livestock Production Technology, WBUAFS, Kolkata, 700094, INDIA <#LINE#>17/3/2015<#LINE#>21/4/2015<#LINE#>The present study was aimed to determine the suitability of processing effluent discharged from Shimpo Exports, West Bengal for culture purpose. The rate of reaction of pollutants entering the water or the detrimental effects on the aquatic organisms are generally influenced by  various environmental factors such as total alkalinity, hardness, dissolved oxygen, ph, turbidity, temperature etc. In aquatic environment the physico-chemical changes are occurred due to the release of effluents. Discharge of different kinds of waste to aquatic system also creates undesirable changes in fish such as physiological and haematological changes. Therefore, quality of water plays an important role for the survival and development of aquatic animal. All this necessitates the importance to study the physico-chemical parameters of processing effluent discharged to the surrounding water bodies. The experiment was set for 70 days in four treatment groups i.e. 0.25 % (T), 0.5% (T), 0.75% (T) and 1 %( T) and one control group i.e. 0% (T), with triplicates following completely Randomized Design (CRD). Various physicochemical parameters like colour, odour, pH, DO, hardness, total alkalinity, BOD, COD, phosphate-phosphorous, TS and TDS were determined using standard method. From the results of analysis, it is inferred that the physicochemical parameters were found to be increased from the control set except the dissolved oxygen which was found to be decreased. During the study it was also found out that the effluent characteristics are not within the permissible limits for fish culture. <#LINE#> @ @ Scott P.M., Wright M.D. and Boucm W.A., Characterization of waste loading from a Shrimp packing house and evaluation of different screen size for removal of heads. In: Ranzell Nickelson (ed.), Proceedings of the Fisheries Third Annual Tropical and Subtropical., 214-224 (1978) @No $ @ @ APHA (American Public Health Association), American Water Work Association and Water Pollution Control Federation. Standard methods for water and wastewater. 20th edition. American Public Health Association. 1015 fifteenth street, NW, Washington, DDC., (2000) @No $ @ @ Mines R.O. and Robertson R.R., Treatability study of a Seafood Processing Wastewater, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, A., 33, 1927-1937 (2003) @No $ @ @ Gonzalez J.F., FAO, Fisheries technical paper 355. Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations, Daya Publishing., 52(2005) @No $ @ @ Choudhry A., Effect of Distillery Effluent on Wainganga River, Indian J. Environment. Health., 32(2), 203-207 (1991) @No $ @ @ Mishra G.P., Impact of Industrial pollution from a Cement Factory on water quality parameters, Kymore, Environment and Ecology., 9(4), 876-880 (1991) @No $ @ @ Ferjani E., Ellouze E. and Amarben R., Treatment of Seafood Processing Wastewaters by Ultrafiltration -Nanofiltration Cellulose Acetate Membranes, Desalination., 177, 43-49 (2000) @No $ @ @ Seenayya G., Ecological studies of the Plankton of certain fresh water ponds of Hyderabad 1. Physico-chemical complexes, Hydrobiologia, 37, 7-31 (1971) @No $ @ @ Mishra S.R. and Saksena D.N., Pollutional ecology with reference to physico-chemical characteristics of Morrar (Kalpi) river, Gwalior (M.P). In: Shastree, N.K. (eds), Current trends in Limnology, Narendra Publishing House, New Delhi., 202-234 (1991) @No $ @ @ Molina J., Biological treatment alternatives for the Seafood Processing Industry, In: Morry, Chadwick, C. J., Courtney, M.,  S. and mallet, P. (eds.) Fish Plant Effluents: a work on Sustainability., 53-54 (2003) @No $ @ @ Islam M.S.,  Khan S. and Masura T., Waste loading in Shrimp and Fish Processing Effluents: potential source of hazards to the coastal and near shore environments, Marine pollution Bulletin., 49, 103-110 (2004) @No $ @ @ Uttamangkabovorn M., Prasertsan P. and Kittiku A.H., Water conservation in canned Tuna (pet food) plant in Thailand, Journal of Cleaner Production., 13, 547-555 (2005) @No $ @ @ Vidal G., Carvalho A., Mendez R. and Lema M.J., Influence of the content in Fats and Proteins on the anaerobic biodegradability of Dairy Wastewaters, Bioresource Technol.,74, 231-239 (2000) @No $ @ @ Corkum J., Management of Seafood Processing Waste in Atlantic region. In: Morry, Chadwick C.J., Courtney, M.S. and mallet, P. (eds.) Fish Plant Effluents: A work on Sustainability., 103 (2003) @No $ @ @ Shengquan Ye. and Hung Fu., Separation of carcinogenic aromatic amines in Dyestuff Plant wastewater treatment, Desalination.,206, 78-85 (2007) @No $ @ @ Lim J., Kim T. and Hwang S., Treatment of Fish-Processing wastewater by co-culture of Candida rugopelliculosa and Brachionus plicatilis, Water Research., 37, 2228-2232 (2003) @No $ @ @ Alley R.E., Water Quality Control Handbook, Second edition. Mc Graw Hills publ. New York., 218, 218 (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Quantitative Analysis of Oxytetracycline Residues in Honey by High Performance Liquid Chromatography<#LINE#>ChilumuruRamaMohana@Rao@Lakkineni@CyrilArunKumar,Ch@,Sekharan@raBala<#LINE#>59-65<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-038.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biotechnology, VSR and NVR College, Tenali, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA @ Department of Zoology, VSR and NVR College, Tenali, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA  @ Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medarametla Anjamma Mastan Rao College of Pharmacy, Narasaraopet, INDIA <#LINE#>19/3/2015<#LINE#>20/4/2015<#LINE#>In this study, a simple, sensitive, selective and precise HPLC method is developed for the determination of oxytetracycline in bulk and honey samples. Separation of oxytetracycline was achieved on a Kromosil C18 analytical column (250 mm × 4.6 mm I.D., 5 m particle size). The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and water (85:15 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min. The method was linear in the range of 1–6 g/ml. The LOD and LOQ values are found to be 0.05 and 0.10 g/ml, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of the oxytetracycline in honey sample following extraction of the oxytetracycline with McIlvaine buffer and Solid Phase Extraction system. All the honey samples that were analyzed for oxytetracyline residues had higher residue levels than the recommended maximum residue level for honey. The method described in this study would be useful for routine monitoring of oxytetracycline residues in honey.<#LINE#> @ @ Ahmet N. and Emel N., Phagotrophic protozoa, A new weapon against pathogens, Med. Hypo., 70(1), 141-142 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kirkup B.C. Jr., Bacteriocins as oral and gastrointestinal antibiotics, theoretical considerations, applied research, and practical applications, Current Med. Chem.,13(27), 3335-3350 (2006) @No $ @ @ Slama T.G., Amin A., Brunton S.A., File T.M., Milkovich G., Rodvold K.A., Sahm D.F., Varon J. and Weiland D., Council for appropriate and rational antibiotic therapy (CARAT), a clinician's guide to the appropriate and accurate use of antibiotics: the council for appropriate and rational antibiotic therapy (CARAT) criteria, American J.  Med.,118(Suppl, 7A), 1S-6S (2005) @No $ @ @ James D.T. and Carol M.A., The law of unintended consequences and antibiotics, Open J. Immuno.,2(2), 59-64 (2012) @No $ @ @ Gheldof N., Wang X. and Engeseth N., Identification and quantification of antioxidant components of honeys from various floral sources, J. Agri. Food Chem., 50(21), 5870–5877 (2002) @No $ @ @ Martos I., Ferreres F. and Tomás-Barberán F., Identification of flavonoid markers for the botanical origin of Eucalyptus honey, J. Agri. Food Chem.,48(5), 1498–502 (2000) @No $ @ @ Carla B., The detection of C4 sugars in honey, Canadian Honey Council, 12(1), 37-40 (1999) @No $ @ @ Gabriel V.L., Charaka samhitam, Hand book on Ayurveda, Volume I, 20039.Kaufmann A., Pacciarelli B., Prijic A., Ryser B. and Roth S., Travaux de chimie alimentaire et d’hygiène, 90 ,  167-176 (1999) @No $ @ @ Diserens J.M. and Savoy M.C., Nestlé research center, personal communication, (2000) @No $ @ @ Gunes M.E., Gunes N. and Cibik R., Oxytetracycline and sulphonamide residues analysis of honey samples from southern marmara region in turkey, Bulgarian J. Agri. Sci.,15(2), 163-167 (2009) @No $ @ @ Galeano D.T., Guiberteau C.A. and Salinas F., Rapid determination of sulfathiazole, oxytetracycline and tetracycline in honey by high-performance liquid chromatography, Anal. Lett.,23(4), 607-616 (1990) @No $ @ @ Bonta V., Mrghita L.A., Dezmirean D., Moise A., Bobi O. and Maghear O., Optimization of HPLC method for quantifying tetracycline residue in honey, Bull. Uni. Agri. Sci. Veter. Med.,63/64, 186-190 (2007) @No $ @ @ Li J., Chen L., Wang X., Jin H., Ding L., Zhang K. and Zhang H., Determination of tetracyclines residues in honey by on-line solid-phase extraction high-performance liquid chromatography, Talanta,75(5), 1245-1252 (2008) @No $ @ @ Hakuta T., Shinzawa H. and Ozaki Y., Practical method for the detection of tetracyclines in honey by HPLC and derivative UV-Vis spectra, Anal. Sci., 25 (9), 1149-1153 (2009) @No $ @ @ Hai Y.Z., Dong H.C., Yi Z. and Hong T.H., Analysis of tetracyclines (TCs) residues in honey with HPLC – UV, Advan. Mat. Res.,159, 89-94 (2010) @No $ @ @ Anna G., Andrzej P., Andrzej B., Tomasz B. and Jan ., Oxytetracycline residues in honey analyzed by liquid chromatography with UV detection, J. Api. Sci.,57 (1), 25-31 (2013) @No $ @ @ Argauer R.J. and Moats W.A., Degradation of oxytetracycline in honey as measured by fluorescence and liquid chromatographic assays, Apidologie, 22(2), 109 – 115 (1991) @No $ @ @ Pena A., Pelantova N., Lino C.M., Silveira M.I.N. and Solich P., Validation of an analytical methodology for determination of oxytetracycline and tetracycline residues in honey by HPLC with fluorescence detection, J. Agri. Food Chem.,53(10), 3784-3788 (2005) @No $ @ @ Narin T. and Supaporn S., Determination of tetracycline antibiotic residues in honey samples collected from northern places of Thailand by HPLC, KMITL Sci. J.,8(2), 18-25 (2008) @No $ @ @ Supaporn S. and Narin T., HPLC-Fluorescence detection method for quantitative determination of tetracycline antibiotic residues in honey, Naresuan Uni. J.,6(2), 147-155 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sun X., He X., Zhang Y. and Chen L., Determination of tetracyclines in food samples by molecularly imprinted monolithic column coupling with high performance liquid chromatography, Talanta,79 (3), 926-934 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ishii R., Horie M., Murayama M. and Maitani T., Analysis of tetracyclines in honey and royal jelly by LC/MS/MS, Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi,47(6), 277-283 (2006) @No $ @ @ Carrasco P.A., Casado T.S., Segura C.A. and Fernández G.A., Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet and electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry on-line detection for the separation of eight tetracyclines in honey samples, J. Chromatogr. A,  1195(1-2), 107-116 (2008) @No $ @ @ Jing T., Gao X.D., Wang P., Wang Y., Lin Y.F., Hu X.Z., Hao Q.L., Zhou Y.K. and Mei S.R., Determination of trace tetracycline antibiotics in foodstuffs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with selective molecular-imprinted solid-phase extraction, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 393(8), 2009-2018 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mei B., Rong L., Tingting C., Shouhui D., Hualin Z., Shuming Y. and Jing Q., Simultaneous determination of tetracycline antibiotics in beehives by liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, Advan. Appl. Sci. Res.,3(1), 462-468 (2012) @No $ @ @ Huang H.N., Chen T.B., Chen R.M. and Rao P.F., Detection of residual antibiotics in honey by capillary high performance liquid chromatography, Se Pu (Chinese Journal of Chromatography), 17(6), 588-589 (1999) @No $ @ @ Imdad U.M.Z., Khaliqur R., Arshad H. and Shafqatullah., Detection and quantification of antibiotics residues in honey samples by chromatographic techniques, Middle-East J. Sci. Res., 14(5), 683-687 (2013) @No $ @ @ Chen T.B., Deng W.H., Lu W.H., Chen R.M. and Rao P.F., Detection of residual antibiotics in honey with capillary electrophoresis, Se Pu (Chinese Journal of Chromatography), 19(1), 91-93 (2001) @No $ @ @ Wim R., Sigrid O., Hubert D.B. and Els D., Validation of the tetrasensor honey test kit for the screening of tetracyclines in honey, J. Agri. Food Chem.,55(21),  8359–8366 (2007) @No $ @ @ Casado T.S., Segura C.A., Busi S., Dinelli G. and Fernández G.A., Determination of tetracycline residues in honey by CZE with ultraviolet absorbance detection, Electrophoresis,  28(16), 2882-2887 (2007) @No $ @ @ Wish T., Senee K., Richard L.D., Boonsom L., Sunantha W. and Saisunee L., Sequential injection spectrophotometric determination of tetracycline antibiotics in pharmaceutical preparations and their residues in honey and milk samples using yttrium (III) and cationic surfactant, Talanta, 84(5), 1401– 1409 (2011) @No $ @ @ Pagliuca G., Gazzotti T., Serra G. and Sabatini A.G., A scientific note on the determination of oxytetracycline residues in honey by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection, Apidologie, 3(6), 583 – 584 (2002) @No $ @ @ European Union-MRLs, Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, MRLs updated on 06/06/2013. A database of EU MRLs and pesticide authorization status (Dir 91/414/EEC), (2013) @No 
<#LINE#>Morphometric Characters and Meristic Counts of a Fish, Garra gotyla gotyla (Gray)) from Ranjit Sagar Wetland, situated in the Himalayan foothills, India<#LINE#>O.S.@Brraich,S@Akhter<#LINE#>66-72<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-042.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, INDIA <#LINE#>26/3/2015<#LINE#>17/4/2015<#LINE#>Morphometric characters and meristic count of a fish, Garra gotyla gotyla (Gray) have been studied from Ranjit Sagar Wetland. Monthly sample collection of Garra gotyla gotyla was conducted for the study of morphometric characters and meristic counts. Eighteen characters have been studied in percentage of total fish length from which three characters were genetically controlled, thirteen characters were intermediate and two characters were environmentally controlled. Out of eighteen characters, ten characters show high values of correlation coefficient indicating that these characters are directly proportional to each other and eight characters show moderate correlation coefficient. In percentage of head length five were genetically controlled and two are intermediate. Three characters show least correlation coefficient and four shows moderate correlation. The linear relationship has been observed between dependent and independent characters. The meristric characters were counted to draw fin formula of this fish. Some variation in the count of branched and unbranched fin rays have been observed.<#LINE#> @ @ Altukhov Y.P., The stock concept from the viewpoint of population genetics, Can. J.  Fish.  Aquat. Sci., 38, 1523-1538 (1981) @No $ @ @ Ricker W.E., Changes in the average size and age of pacific salmon, Can. J. Fish.  Aquat. Sci., 1115, 1-117(1981) @No $ @ @ Smith P.J. Francis R. McVeagh M., Loss of genetic diversity due to fishing pressure, Fish. Res.,10, 309-316 (1991) @No $ @ @ Cailliet G.M. Love M.S. and Ebeling A.W., Fishes, a field and laboratory manual on their structure, identification and natural history, Waveland Press Inc., Prospect Heights. 186 (1986) @No $ @ @ Johal M.S. Tandon K.K. and Sandhu G.S., Mahseer in Lacustrine Waters, Gobindsagar Reservoir. Morphometry of Tor putitora. In P. Nautiyal (Eds.), Mahseer the Game Fish.,  Jagdamba, Prakashan Publisher, Srinagar, Garhwal, 67-85 (1994) @No $ @ @ Elliott N.G. Haskard K. and Koslow J.A., Morphometric analysis of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) off the continental slope of southern Australia, J.  Fish. Biol., 46, 202-220 (1995) @No $ @ @ Uiblein F., Morphological variability between populations of Neobythites (Pisces: Ophididae) from the deep Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 124, 23-29 (1995) @No $ @ @ Hurlbut T. and Clay D., Morphometric and meristic differences between shallow and deepwater populations of whitehake (Urophycis tenuis) in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Can. J.  Fish.  Aquat. Sci., 55, 2274-2282(1998) @No $ @ @ Murta A.G., Morphological variation of horse mackerel Trachurus trachurus) in the Iberian and North Africa Atlantic: implications forstock identification, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 57, 1240-1248 (2000) @No $ @ @ Silva A., Morphometric variation among Sardine Sardina pilchardus) populations from the northeastern Atlantic and the Western Mediterranean, ICES J.  Mar. Sci., 60, 1352-1360 (2003) @No $ @ @ O’Reilly K.M. and Horn, M.H., Phenotypic variation among populations of Atherinops affinis (Atherinopsidae) with insights from a geometric morphometric analysis, J.  Fish. Biol., 64, 1117-1135 (2004) @No $ @ @ Turan C., Stock identification of Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) using morphometric and meristic characters, ICES J.  Mar. Sci., 61, 774-781(2004) @No $ @ @ Naeem M. and Salam A., Morphometric study of fresh water bighead carp, Aristichthys nobilis from Pakistan in relation to body size, Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 8(5), 759-762(2005) @No $ @ @ Holden M.J. and Raitt D.F.S., Manual of fishery science. Part 2. Methods resource investigation and their application, FAO Fish. Tech. Pap, (115), Rev. 1, 214(1974) @No $ @ @ Jayaram K.C., The freshwater fishes of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma, Sri Lanka: a handbook, (Calcutta):Zoological Survey of India, 475 (1981) @No $ @ @ Snedecor G.W. and Cochran W.G., Statistical methods. Sixth edition. The lowa State University, Press, Ames, USA, (1967) @No $ @ @ Negi R.S. and Nautiyal P., Analysis of growth pattern and variation in some morphometric characters of sympatric hill stream Teleosts, Barilius bendelisis and Barilius vagra, Asian Fish. Sci.,15, 335-346 (2002) @No $ @ @ Johal M.S. Negi R.K. and Negi T., Age and growth of golden mahseer Tor putitora from Pong reservoir, Himachal Pradesh, India, Him. J.  Env. Zool.,17(1), 17-29 (2003) @No $ @ @ Johal M.S. and Kaur A., Morphometry of Barilius bendelisis (Ham., 1822) from hillstreams of Himachal Pradesh, India. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar ‘New Trends in Fishery Development in India, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 23-28 (2005) @No $ @ @ Azadi M.A. and Rahman A.S.M.S., Morphometric and meristic study of Gudusia chapra (Ham.1822)and Gonialosa manmina (Ham.1822) @No $ @ @ (Clupeidae) from the Kaptai Lake, Bangladesh, The Chittagong University J. Biol.  Sci., 3(1 and 2), 21-31 (2008) @No $ @ @ Negi R.K. and Negi T., Analysis of morphometric character of Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray, 1832) Sci., 10 (6), 536-540 (2010) @No $ @ @ Renjini P.K. and Bijoy N.S., Length-weight relationship, condition factor and morphometry of gold spot mullet Liza parsia (Hamilton, 1822) from Cochin estuary, India. J. Geo-Mar. Sci.,40(4), 567-571 (2011) @No $ @ @ Langer S. Tripathi N.K. and Khajuria B., Morphometric and meristic study of Golden Mahseer, Tor putitora from Jhajjar Stream (J & K), India, Res. J. Anim. Vet.  Fish. Sci.,1(7), 1-4 (2013) @No $ @ @ AlHassan L.A.J., Variations in meristic characters of Nematalosa nasus from Iraqi and Kuwaiti waters, Japanese J.  Ichthyol., 33(4), 422 ( 1987) @No $ @ @ Watanabe K.., Meristic variation in the endangered bagrid catfish, Pseudobagrus ichikawai, Ichthyol. Res., 45(1), 99- 104 (1998) @No $ @ @ Bibi Koshy E. Oyyan S. and Sekaran M., Variation in meristic characters of four strains of Malaysian freshwater angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare (L.)., Malaysian J.  Sci.27(1), 69-73 (2008) @No $ @ @ Jayaram K.C., The freshwater fishes of the Indian Region (2nd Ed.), Narendra Publishing House, Delhi, 167-169(2010) @No 
<#LINE#>Food and Feeding habits of Indian Bison, Bos Gaurus (Smith, 1827) in Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary, Balasore, Odisha, India and its Conservation<#LINE#>Basanta@KumarNayak,AjayKumar@Patra<#LINE#>73-79<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-043.pdf<#LINE#>PG department of Zoology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar-751004, Odisha, INDIA <#LINE#>27/3/2015<#LINE#>25/4/2015<#LINE#>TheIndian Bison (IB), Bos gaurus is one of the large wild ungulates of Asian jungles. It is a dominant herbivore and considered as a parental stock for domestic cattle. In India, Indian Bison (IB) is seen in central, southwestern and northeastern regions. We studied it's activity pattern, food plants species and feeding habits of IB during 2008-2012 using Focal Animal Sampling Method and Fecal analysis. Activity pattern of IB shows a bimodal diurnal activity pattern in feeding with peaks in the morning and evening hours The Indian Bison in Kuldhia wildlife sanctuary (KWS) was observed to feed on diverse species of food plants comprising of 47 species of plants belonging to 17 families. The food plants of IB were represented by 18 species of grasses, 6 species of herbs, 8 species of shrubs and 15 species of trees. The food plants from the families of Poaceae and Fabaceae constitute nearly 50% forming the major food plant species of IB in KWS. The Indian Bison in KWS was a generalist feeder resorting to both grazing and browsing. The IB in KWS fed on leaves, young shoots, flowers and fruits showing high preference for leaves. The diet composition varied according to season and food availability.  Reduction of anthropogenic pressure, protection of food plants species and restoration of suitable habitats are significant measures suggested for conservation of Indian Bison in KWS. <#LINE#> @ @ Corbet G.B. and J.E. Hill, The mammals of the Indomalayan Region: a systematic Review, Oxford University Press, Oxford, (1992) @No $ @ @ Choudhury A., Distribution and conservation of Gaur Bos gaurus) in the Indian Subcontinent, Mammal Review, 32, 199-226 (2002) @No $ @ @ Duckworth J.W., Steinmetz R., Timmins R.J., Pattanavibool A., Zaw T., Tuoc D. and Hedges S., Bos gaurus. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. www.iucnredlist.org&#x-3.3;女, (2008) @No $ @ @ Arrendran G., A study on vegetation ecology in Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh with reference to gaur Bos gaurus) using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques, Ph.D., Thesis, Saurashtra University, Gujarat, (2000) @No $ @ @ Rodger W.A., The wild grazing ungulates of India .An ecological review, 404-420, In Rangeland Resources and Management Proceedings of National Rangeland Symposium IGFRI Jhansi, Nov 9-12, (1987) @No $ @ @ Kittur S, Habitat analysis of Gaur in Bhagvan Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary using remote sensing and GIS, M.Sc. Thesis, Goa University, Goa, (2002) @No $ @ @ Shukla R. and Khare P.K., Food habits of wild ungulates and their competition with livestock in Pench Wildlife Reserve, Central India, Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 95, 418-421 (1998) @No $ @ @ Krishnan M., An ecological survey of the large mammals of Peninsular India, Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 69, 297-315 (1972) @No $ @ @ Vairavel S.M., Ecology of Gaur (Bos gaurus) with special reference to habitat utilization in Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India. Ph.D., Thesis. Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun. Weigum, L.E. (1972) @No $ @ @  The problems in the preservation of the Seladang in the Malaysian National Park. M.Sc., Thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA, (1998) @No $ @ @ Srivastava K.K., Bhardwaj A.K., George S. and Zacharias V.J., Micro-Histological studies on the food of Sambar, Gaur and Cattle in Periyar Tiger Reserve in winter, Indian Forester, 122(10), 933-936 (1996) @No $ @ @ Pasha M.K.S., Areendran G., Sankar K. and Qumar Q., Debarking of teak (Tectona grandis Linn.F) by gaur (Bos gaurus H. Smith) during summer in a tropical dry deciduous habitat of central India, Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 99, 238-244 (2002) @No $ @ @ Champion H.G and Seth S.K, A Revised Survey Forest types of India, The Govt. of India Press, New Delhi, (1969) @No $ @ @ Rodger W.A. and Panwar H.S., Planning a Wildlife Protected Area Network in India, (vol.1), DehraDun, Wildlife Institute of India, 341, (1988) @No $ @ @ Altmann J., Observational study of behaviour sampling method, Behaviour, 49, 227–265 (1974) @No $ @ @ Saxena H.O and Brahmam M., The Flora of Orissa, Vol 1-4, Orissa Forest Development Corporation Ltd., Bhubaneswar, (1994-1996) @No $ @ @ Satakopan. S, Keys to the identification of plant remains in animal droppings, Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 69(1), 139-150.I, (1978) @No $ @ @ Ashokkumar M., Swaminathan S., Desai A.A and DanielJ.C., A study on ecology and conservation of Gaur (Bos frontalis) in Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park, Nilgiri Wildlife and Environmental Association Report, Ottacamund, (2004) @No $ @ @ Gad S.D and Shyama S.K., Studies on the food and feeding habits of Gaur Bos gaurus H. 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<#LINE#>Phytotoxic Effects of Cadmium on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of (Brassica juncea L.Czern Coss) cv.<#LINE#>Alfiya@Bohra,Sanadhya@Dheera<#LINE#>80-86<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJBS-2015-047.pdf<#LINE#> School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA<#LINE#>6/4/2015<#LINE#>28/4/2015<#LINE#>Cadmium (Cd2+) is extremely toxic heavy metal which adversely affects the growth and yield of plants. Therefore, study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various Cd2+ concentrations (0.5mM, 1 mM, 1.5 mM and 2mM) on seed germination and seedling growth of twenty Brassica juncea Cultivars. Various parameters tested in present study includes root and shoot length, seedling size, fresh and dry matter, seed germination percentage, tolerance indices and percent phytotoxicity. Results indicate that the significant inhibitory effect was observed at all the four concentrations of Cd2+ as compared to control. As the Cd2+ concentration increases, all the tested parameters except Tolerance Indices decrease. Present study also reveals that Cultivar RB-50 may show better performance under Cd+2stresses while Cultivar RH-0406 might have poor performance. From these results it can concluded that Cultivar RB-50 might germinate well on Cd2+ contaminated soils, however more studies are needed to signify its effects on growth and yield of Brassica juncea. <#LINE#> @ @ Yadav S.K., Heavy metals toxicity in plants: an overview on the role of glutathione and phytochelatins in heavy metal stress tolerance of plants, South Afric J Bot., 76, 167–179 (2010) @No $ @ @ Deshveer C.L. and Singh A., Effectiveness of agro-chemicals on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), Indian J. Agric. Sci., 73, 345-6 (2003) @No $ @ @ Foy C.D., Chaney R.L. and White M.C., The physiology of metal toxicity in plants, Annual Review of Plant Physiology., 29, 511-66 (1978) @No $ @ @ Sheoran I.,  Gupta V.K..,  Laura J.S., and Singh R., Photosynthetic carbon fixation, translocation and metabolic levels in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) leaves exposed to excess cadmium, Indian J. Exp. Biol., 29, 857-61 (1991) @No $ @ @ Wagner G.J., Accumulation of cadmium in crop plants and its consequences to human  Health, Adv Agric., 51, 173–212 (1993) @No $ @ @ Yang X.E., Long X.X., Ye H.B., He Z.L., Calvert D.V. and Stoffella P.J., Cadmium tolerance and hyperaccumulation in a new Zn hyperaccumulating palnt species (Sedum alfredii hance), Plant Soil., 259, 181-189 (2004) @No $ @ @ Gill S.S., Khan N.A., Anjum N.A. and Tuteja N.,  Amelioration of cadmium stress in crop plants bynutrients management: Morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects, Special  Issues: PlantStress.,, 1–2 (2011) @No $ @ @ DalCorso G., Farinati S. and Furini A., Regulatory networks of cadmium stress in plants, Plant  Signal  Behav.,  , 663-667 ( 2010) @No $ @ @ Lux A., Martinka M., Vaculík M. and White P.J., Root responses to cadmium in the Rhizosphere, Review, J Exp Bot., 62, 21–37 (2011) @No $ @ @ Wang C., Sun Q. and Wang L., Cadmium toxicity and phytochelatins production in a rooted submerged macrophyte Vallisneria spiralis exposed to low concentrations of cadmium, Environ Toxico.l, 24, 271–278 (2009) @No $ @ @ Márquez-García B., Horemans N., Cuypers A., Guisez Y. and Córdob F., Antioxidants in Erica andevalensis, Acomparative study between wild plants and cadmium-exposed plants Under controlled conditions, PlanPhysiol Biochem., 49, 110–115 (2011) @No $ @ @ Iqbal M.Z. and Rahmati., Tolerance of Albizia lebbeck to Cu and Fe application, Ekologia (CSFR)., 11, 427-430 (1992) @No $ @ @ Chou C.H. and H.J. Lin., Autointoxication mechanism of mechanism of Oriza sativa L.Phytotoxic effects of decomposing rice residues in soil, J. Chem. Ecol., , 353-367 (1976) @No $ @ @ Sharma A.M., Sainger S., Dwivedi S., Srivastava R.D., Tripathi. and Singh R.P., Genotype variation in Brassica juncea L. Czern. Cultivars and growth, nitrate assimilation, antioxidants response and phytoremediation potentialduring cadmium stress, J.Environ.Biol., 31, 773-780 (2010) @No $ @ @ Seyed Amir Moosavi1, Mohammad Hossain Gharineh1, Reza Tavakkol Afshari. and  Amin  Ebrahimi., Effects of Some Heavy Metals on Seed Germination Characteristics of Canola (Barassica napus), Wheat (Triticum aestivum ) and Safflower (Carthamus tinctorious) to  Evaluate Phytoremediation Potential of These Crops, Journal of  Agricultural Science., ,  9 (2012) @No $ @ @ Breckle S.W. and Kahle H., Effect of toxic heavy metals (Cd, Ph) on growth and mineral nutrition of beech Fagus sylvatica L.), Vegetation., 101, 43-53 (1992) @No $ @ @ Padmaja K., Prasad D.D.K. and Prasad A.R.K., Inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis in Phaseolus  vulgarisSeedlingsby cadmium acetate, Photosynthetica., 24, 399-405 (1990) @No $ @ @ Kumar N., Bauddha K., Singh R., Anand K., Barman S.C.  and Singh D.P.,  Phytotoxicity of  trace metals (Cuand Cd) to gram (Cicer arientinum) and Mung Phaseolus mungo), J. Ecophysiol. Occup. Hlth., , 59-65 (2009) @No