@Research Paper
<#LINE#>The Relationship between Sexual Dysfunction and Quality of Life among the Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery compared to Normal People<#LINE#>Zahra@Moghadasi,Mandegar@HosseinMohammad,Saideh@Masafi,Yaraghchi@Azadeh,Omid@Rezaei<#LINE#>1-5<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-09.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Psychology, Kish International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kish, IRAN @ Department of Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Psychiatry, University of social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IRAN <#LINE#>7/1/2014<#LINE#>24/3/2014<#LINE#>  Present study was aimed to specify the relationship between intervention in sexual functioning and Quality of Life in patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery. The study was a casual comparative research type. The sample size was 100 people who were all married men among which 50 ones were patient and remaining were normal. Pearson correlation coefficient was used due to quantitative variable of Quality Of Life (QOL) and sexual dysfunction. Given the analysis results, there is a negative significant correlation between sexual dysfunctions and Quality of Life in tow groups (P0.05). Furthermore, here was a significant difference in a comparison between normal and patient groups in terms of Quality of Life indicator. Findings indicated that the patients who had undergone CABG were with lower Quality of Life and the higher sexual dysfunction. Therefore, successful treatment for sexual disability can improve sexual satisfaction and enhance QOL and life expectancy in patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft. <#LINE#> @ @ Yaraghchi A, Rezaei O, Mandegar MH and Bagherian R., The relationship between Illness perception and quality of life in Iranian patients with coronary artery bypass graft,  Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences46, 3329-3334 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson L and Fauci AS, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, (2005) @No $ @ @ World Health organization. Fighting heart disease and stroke, Http: // www. Who. Into / world – health (March 22), (2002) @No $ @ @ Lukkarinen H and Lukkarinen O, Sexual satisfaction among patient after coronary bypass graft surgery or percutaneustranslamind Angioplasty eight year follow up, Heart lung., 36(4), 262 –9, (2007) @No $ @ @ Falocoz  PE, Chocron S, Stoica L and Kaili D, Open heart surgery : One-year self-Assessment of Quality of life and Functional outcome, The society of Thoracic surgery 10, 203-212 (2003) @No $ @ @ Kamilian R., Mental disorders and quality of life in patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Master thesis in General Psychology field of study,Submitted to Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran, (2008) @No $ @ @ Raeisi L, The effect of abdominal hysterectomy on quality of life and sexual function in women referred to Tehran education and treatment hospitals, Master thesis in Midwifery field of study, Submitted to Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, (2010) @No $ @ @ Gray RJ and Sethna DH, Medical Management of the Patient Undergoing Cardiac Surgery, Braunwald's Heart Disease 8th Edition, Edited By Libby, P. Bonow, R.O. Zipes, D.P. and Mann, D.L. Elsevier, Philadelphia, (2008) @No $ @ @ Stanley A, Brosman MD, Erectile Dysfunction., J Urol., 150, 70 – 7 (2010) @No $ @ @ Smith B, Forkner E, Zaslow B, Krasuski RA, Stajduhar K, Kwan M, Ellis R, Galbreath AD and Freeman  GL, Disease management produces limited quality-of-life improvements in patients with congestive heart failure : Evidence from a randomized trial in community-dwelling patients, Am J Manag Care.,  11(11), 701-13, (2005) @No $ @ @ Sánchez-Cruz JJ, Cabrera-León A, Martín-Morales A, Fernández A, Burgos R and Rejas J., Male Erectile Dysfunction and Health Related Quality of life, Eur Urol,  44(2), 245-53, (2003) @No $ @ @ Mohamed OA, Bennett CJ, Roaiah MF, Helmy T, Mahran A and Hamed HA, The impact of on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery vs. off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery on sexual function, J Sex Med 6(4), 1081-9, (2009) @No $ @ @ Safarinejad MR, Vascular causes of impotence, Tehran : 7sib, (2012) @No $ @ @ Justo D, Arbel Y, Multat B, Mashov N, Saar N, Steinvil A, Heruti R, Banai S and Lerman Y., Sexual activity and erectile dysfunction in elderly men with angiographically documented coronary artery disease, Int J Impot Res., 22(1), 40-4 (2010) @No $ @ @ Rezaei Ghaleh H, The Genesis of Sexual Function Disorders due to Organic Causes in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients under Hemodialysis, Caspian Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 2(2), 68-84 (2013) @No $ @ @ Pamela B, Konrad D, Ian S and Peter L., Quality of life Assymptomatic long-term survivors of coronary artery bypass surgery enjoy a quality of life equal to the general population,Am Heart J.,  151(2), 537-44 (2006) @No $ @ @ Vakili Z, Mohamad AR and Vakili MA, A Quantitative Study of Quality of Life (QOL) on Postgraduate Students in University Sains Malaysia, Caspian Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 1(7), 28-32 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>Relative Importance of Vision estimated from the Brain pattern in African catfish Clarias gariepinus, river catfish Pangasius pangasius and red tilapia Oreochromis sp.<#LINE#>F.F.@Ching,S.@Senoo,G.@Kawamura<#LINE#>6-10<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-15.pdf<#LINE#> Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA <#LINE#>16/1/2014<#LINE#>11/11/2014<#LINE#>Present study was aimed to specify the relationship between intervention in sexual functioning and Quality of Life in patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery. The study was a casual comparative research type. The sample size was 100 people who were all married men among which 50 ones were patient and remaining were normal. Pearson correlation coefficient was used due to quantitative variable of Quality Of Life (QOL) and sexual dysfunction. Given the analysis results, there is a negative significant correlation between sexual dysfunctions and Quality of Life in tow groups (P0.05). Furthermore, here was a significant difference in a comparison between normal and patient groups in terms of Quality of Life indicator. Findings indicated that the patients who had undergone CABG were with lower Quality of Life and the higher sexual dysfunction. Therefore, successful treatment for sexual disability can improve sexual satisfaction and enhance QOL and life expectancy in patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft. <#LINE#> @ @ Atema J., Structures and functions of the sense of taste in the catfish, Brain Behav. Evolut., , 273-294 (1971) @No $ @ @ Caprio J., High sensitivity of catfish taste receptors to amino acids, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A, 52, 247–251(1975) @No $ @ @ Pohlmann K., Atema J. and Breithaupt T., The importance of the lateral line in nocturnal predation of piscivorous catsh, J. Exp. 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Fish., 16, 450-456(2007) @No $ @ @ Takai N., Sakamoto W., Maehata M., Arai N., Kitagawa T. and Mitsunaga Y., Settlement characteristics and habitats use of Lake Biwa catfish Silurus biwaensismeasured by ultrasonic telemetry, Fish. Sci., 63, 181-187(1997) @No $ @ @ Britz P.J. and Pienaar A.G.,  Laboratory experiments on the effect of light and cover on the behaviour and growth of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae), J. Zool., 227, 43-62 (1992) @No $ @ @ Mukai Y. and Lim L.S., Larval rearing and feeding behavior of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus under dark conditions, J. Fish. Aquatic Sci., 6, 272-278 (2011) @No $ @ @ Moore J.W.,  Piscivorous activities of brown bullhead in Lockhard Pond, Ontario, Canada, Prog. 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Inst., , 1-166 (1953) @No $ @ @ Brandstätter R. and Kotrschal K., Brain growth patterns in four European cyprinid fish species (Cyprinidae, Teleostei): roach (Rutilus rutilus), bream (Abramis brama), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and sabre carp Pelecus cultratus), Brain Behav. Evolut.,35, 195-211 (1990) @No $ @ @ Kotrschal K., van Staaden M.J. and Huber, R., Fish brains: evolution and environmental relationships, Rev. Fish Biol. Fisher., , 373-408 (1998) @No $ @ @ Douglas R.H. and Hawryshyn C.W., Behavioural studies on fishvision: an analysis of visual capabilities. In The Visual System of Fish, Edited by Douglas R.H. and Djamgoz M.B.A., Chapman and Hall, London, 373-418(1990) @No $ @ @ Castro A.L.S., Gonçalves-de-Freitas E., Volpato G.L. and Oliveira C., Visual communication stimulates reproduction in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., 42, 368-374 (2009) @No $ @ @ Lisney T.J., Studd E., Hawryshyn C.W., Electrophysiological assessment of spectral sensitivity in adult Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus: evidence for violet sensitivity, J. Exp. Biol., 213,1453-1463 ( 2010) @No $ @ @ Jalabert B. and Zoar Y. Reproductive physiology in cichlid fishes, with particular reference to Tilapia and Sarotherodon, The Biology and Culture of Tilapias, ICLARM, Manila(1984) @No $ @ @ NRC (National Research Council).,  Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals, Edited by Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources,  National Academy Press, Washington, DC (1996) @No $ @ @ Uchihashi K. and Yamaguchi M., Changes in external form of brain of Mylio macrocephalus (Basilewsky) during growth, Ann. Rep. Japan Sea Regional Fis. Res. Lab., ,75-80 (1955) @No $ @ @ Masuda R., Behavioral ontogeny of marine pelagic fishes with the implications for the sustainable management of fisheries resources, Aqua-BioSci. Monogr., , 1-56 (2009) @No $ @ @ Paulin M.G., The role of the cerrebellum in motor control and perception, Brain Behav. Evol., 41, 39-50 (1993) @No $ @ @ Kadye W.T., Assessing the impacts of invasive non-native African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus,Ph.D. Thesis, Rhodes University (2011) @No $ @ @ Bruton M.N., The food and feeding behaviour of Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae) in Lake Sibaya, South Africa, with emphasis on its role as a predator of cichlids, T. Zool. Soc. London, 35, 47–114 (1979) @No $ @ @ Lefevre S., Huong D.T.T., Ha N.T.K., Wang T., Phuong N.T. and Bayley M. A telemetry study of swimming depth and oxygen level in a Pangasius pond in the Mekong Delta, Aquaculture, 315, 410-413 (2011) @No $ @ @ Daugherty D.J. and Sutton T.M., Seasonal variation in home range size and habitat use of flathead catfish in Buffalo Springs, Texas, N. Am. J. Fish. Manage., 25, 256–269 (2005) @No $ @ @ Vokoun J.C. and Rabeni C.F., Summer diel activity and movement paths of flathead catsh (Pylodictis olivaris) in two Missouri Streams, Am. Midl. Nat., 155, 113–122 (2005) @No $ @ @ Mitamura H., Mitsunaga Y., Arai N., Yamagishi Y. and Khachaphichat M., Vertical movements of a Mekong giant catfish (Pangasianodon gigas) in Mae Peum Reservoir, northern Thailand, monitored by a multi-sensor micro data logger, Zool. Sci., 24, 643–647 (2007) @No $ @ @ Mitamura H., Mitsunaga Y., Arai N., Yamagishi Y., Khachaphichat M. and Viputhanumas T.,  Horizontal and vertical movement of Mekong giant catfish Pangasianodon gigas measured using acoustic telemetry in Mae Peum Reservoir, Thailand, Fish. Sci., 74,787795 (2008) @No
<#LINE#>Novel Cultivable Mycobiont Piriformospora Indica as Plant Growth Promoting Endophyte<#LINE#>N@Krishnaveni.,Ramani@Geetha,.L@Ranjitha,B@Cibichakravarthy.<#LINE#>11-15<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-90.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA @ Department of Microbiology,  Dr. NGP  College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA @ Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA <#LINE#>11/4/2014<#LINE#>28/6/2014<#LINE#>The novel endophytic fungi Piriformospora indica was found to have vast applications as a plant growth promoter.  The fungus has been observed comprehensively in the present study for its indigenous applications in some of the crop plants cultivated in this locale. The morphological and cultural characteristics of the endophyte were verified.  Further to enhance the applications of fungi in plant growth promotion, the–vitro growth parameters of fungi were optimized.  The endophyte has been experimented for germination studies with maize plants.  Pot culture of the maize plants that were colonized with Piriformospora indica has been observed to show considerable difference in growth parameters when compared with the control plants.  The plants were also compared for physical parameters such as percentage colonization, root height, shoot height, fresh weight, dry weight etc., with the control plants.  The present study has added light to the understanding that Piriformospora indica is an effective plant growth promoting endophytic fungi.<#LINE#> @ @ Ajit Varma, Savita Verma, Sudha, Nirmal Sahay, Britta  Bütehorn and Philipp Franken, Piriformospora indica, a Cultivable Plant-Growth-Promoting Root Endophyte, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 65(6), 2741 (1999) @No $ @ @ Ralf  Oelmüller, Irena Sherameti, Swati Tripathi and Ajit Varma, Piriformospora indica, a cultivable root endophyte with multiple biotechnological applications, Springer Science+Business Media B.V. SYMBIOSIS,49,1–17 (2009) @No $ @ @ Dickson S., Mandeep and Smith S.M., Evaluation of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization by staining In Mycorrhiza Manual, Edited by A. Varma, Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer Verlag., 77–84 (1998) @No $ @ @ Prasad  R., Bagde U.S., Pushpagandan P and Varma A., Bacopa monniera : Pharmacological Aspects and case study involving Piriformospora indica, International Journal of Integrative Biology, 3(2), 100-110 (2008) @No $ @ @ Hill TW and Kafer E., Improved protocols for Aspergillus minimal medium : trace element and minimal medium salt stock solutions, Fungal Genet Newsletter,48, 20–21 (2001) @No $ @ @ Murashige T. and Skoog F., A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures, Physiol. Plant, 15, 431–487 (1962) @No $ @ @ Phillips J.M. and Hayman D.S., Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and VAM fungi for rapid assessment of infection, Trans Br Mycol Soc, 55,158–161 (1970) @No $ @ @ Deshmukh S.D.  and Kogel K.H., Piriformospora indica protects barley from root rot caused by Fusarium graminearum.,  Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection,114(6), 263–268, (2007), © Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart., (2007) @No $ @ @ Archana Singh, Jyotika Sharma, Karl-Heinz Rexer and Ajit Varma, Plant productivity determinants beyond minerals, water and light : Pirifiormospora indica – A revolutionary plant growth promoting fungus, Current Science,79(11), 1548-1555 (2000) @No $ @ @ Anjana Singh, Archana Singh, Meera Kumari, Mahendra K. Rai and Ajit Varma., Biotechnological importance of Piriformospora indica Verma et al – A Novel Symbiotic Mycorrhiza-like Fungus : An Overview, Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 2, 65-75 (2003) @No $ @ @ Vijay Kumar, Deep Rashmi and Madhuparna Banerjee, Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Solanum tuberosum L. cultivars (Kufri Chipsona 3 and MP-97/644) via Leaf Explants, International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 3(6), 66-72 (2014) @No $ @ @ Hossein Kari Dolatabadi and Ebrahim Mohammadi Goltapeh, Effect of inoculation with  Piriformospora indica and Sebacina  vermifera on growth of selected  Brassicaceae plants under greenhouse conditions, Journal of Horticultural Research, 21(2), 115-124 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bagde U.S., Ram Prasad  and Ajit Varma, Interaction of Mycobiont : Piriformospora Indica with Medicinal plants and plants of Economic importance, African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(54), 9214-9226 (2010) @No $ @ @ Shailendra Vyas., Rakhi Nagori and Sunil Dutta Purohit, Root Colonization and growth enhancement of micropropagated Feronia limonia (L) swingle by Piriformospora indica – A Cultivable Root Endophyte, International Journal of Plant Dervelopmental Biology, 2(2), 128-132 (2008) @No $ @ @ Schäfer P. and  Kogel K.H., The sebacinoid fungus Piriformospora indica: an orchid mycorrhiza which may increase host plant reproduction and fitness, In : The Mycota, Plant Relationships (Deising, H.B., Esser, K.eds), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg., 5, 99–112 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ahirwar J.R., The Growth Performance of Alangium lamarckii as affected by various level of IBA, International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(1), 64-66, (2013) @No $ @ @ Mahesh K.S, Chandrashekara K.T, Rajashekar N and Shobha Jagannath, Physiological behaviour of few Cultivars of Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) during Seed Germination and early Growth, subjecting to distillery Effluent Stress, International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(9), 5-10 (2013) @No $ @ @ Bafna Angoorbala and Rathi Iti, Effect of Pharmaceutical Effluent on Morphological Parameters and Chlorophyll Content of Cicer arietinum and Vigna radiate, International Research Journal of Biological Sciences,2(10), 12-17 (2013) @No $ @ @ Herath H.E, Krishnarajah S.A, and Damunupola J.W.,  Effect of Two Plant Growth Hormones and Potting Media on an Ornamental Foliage Plant, Ophiopogon sp., International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(12), 11-17 (2013) @No
<#LINE#>A comparative study of Hygienic status of Butchers and Identifybacteria among the Slaughters of Meat, Chicken and Fish markets of Jagdalpur city, Chhattisgarh, India<#LINE#>Tuneer@Khelkar,Madhavi@Tiwari<#LINE#>16-24<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-186.pdf<#LINE#> Govt. Kaktiya .P.G. College, Jagdalpur, CH, INDIA <#LINE#>30/7/2014<#LINE#>8/9/2014<#LINE#>Study was conducted to inspect the hygienic status of slaughter men of meat and fish markets of Jagdalpur city, India. Among five meat markets and five fish markets, it was found that the markets were of poor hygienic status. For identification, samples of bacteria present on the hands of chicken slaughter men, goat slaughter men and fishmongers were collected both during morning and night. Standard plate count of bacteria obtained during morning for chicken slaughter men, goat slaughter men and fishmongers were detected to be 7x10,10x10and 15x10 CFU/ml respectively in contrast to the samples taken from normal man which was around0.4x10CFU/ml. Due to poor level of hygienic status and lack of sanitary practices standard plate count was increased during night which were 9x10,50x10 and 60x10CFU/ml and on comparing it from the hands of normal man it was again found out to be very less i.e. 0.9x10CFU/ml. During morning pathogenic bacteria i.e. Staphylococcus aureus from chicken slaughter man, Corynebacteriumdiptherae from goat slaughtermen and fishmonger were identified but non-pathogenicStaphylococcus epidermidis was obtained from normal man. During night predominance of bacteria like Kleibsiella spp., Proteus vulgaris, Shigella spp. resulted out whereas S.epidermidis was isolated from hand of normal man which is a normal microbial flora of human skin. <#LINE#> @ @ Gill C.O., Microbiological contamination of meat during slaughter and butchering of cattle, sheep and pigs, Blackie Academic and Professional, 118-157 (1998) @No $ @ @ Madden R.H., Murry K.A and Gilmour A.,Determination of the principal points of products contamination during beef carcassdressing process in Northern Ireland, J. Food Prot.,67(7),1494-6 (2004) @No $ @ @ AbdallaM. A., SulimanS. E., Ahmed D. E. and BakhietA. O., Estimation of bacterial contaminationof indigenous bovine carcasses in Khartoum (Sudan), African Journal of Microbiology Research,3(12), 882-886(2009) @No $ @ @ MunideO. K. and KuriaE., Hygienic and sanitary practices of vendors of street foods in Nairobi, Kenya, African J Food Agri Nutriand Development,5(1), 1-14 (2005) @No $ @ @ GurmuE. B. and GebertinaseH., Assessment of bacteriological quality of meat contact surfaces n selected butcher shops of Mekelle city, Ethiopia, J Environ Occup.Sci,2(2), 61-66(2013) @No $ @ @ Yoder S. F., Henning W. B., Mills E. W. and DooreS., Investigation of water washes suitable for very small meat plants to reduce pathogens on beef surfaces, J. Food Prot.,73(5), 907-915 (2010) @No $ @ @ EiselW. G., LintionR. H. and MurianaP. M., A survey of microbial levels for incoming raw meat beef, environmental sources, and ground beef in a red meat processing plant, Food Microbiology,14(3), 273-282 (1997) @No $ @ @ ZweifelC., Fischer R. and Stephan R., Microbiological contamination of pig and cattle carcasses in different small-scale Swiss abattoirs, Meat Sci.,78(3), 225-231(2008) @No $ @ @   Collins M. D., Hoyles L., Foster G. and FalsenE., Corynebacterium capsicum sp. nov., from a Capsian seal Phocacapsica), Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbial,54(3), 925-928 (2004) @No $ @ @  Yassin A. F., KroppenstedtR. M. and Ludwig W., Corynebacteriumglaucum sp. nov., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol,53(5), 705-709 (2003) @No $ @ @   SluK., Development of growth medium from meat processing waste products and assessment of its properties, Zh Mikro biol Epidemiol Immunobiol.,(3), 91-94 (2008) @No $ @ @ SalihuM. D., MagaziA. A., GarbaB., SaiduB., AliyuM., SuliemanN. and WurnoB. S., Bacteriological quality of raw meat displayed for sale atSokoto, Sokoto state, Nigeria, Scientific Journal of Microbiology,2(7), 134-139 (2013) @No $ @ @ SichewoP. R., GonoR. K., MuzvondiwaJ. V. and SizanobuhleN., Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacterioa in Edible Fish: A Case Study of Fletcher Damin Gweru, Zimbabwe, International Journal of Science and Research,2(9), 269-273 (2013) @No $ @ @ Fey P. D. and Olson M. E., Current concepts in biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Future Microbiology, 5(6), 917-933 (2010) @No $ @ @ B. Jeffery, Brereton D.A. and Gill C. O., Implementation of validated HACCP system for the control of microbiological contamination of pig carcass at a small abattoir, Can. Vet. J.,44(1), 51-55 (2003) @No 
<#LINE#>Utilization of Exo polymers secreted by Bacillus licheniformis for the Remediation of Lead<#LINE#>Girisha@SirangalaT<#LINE#>25-28<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-193.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnanabharathi campus, Bangalore University, Bangalore -560056, Karnataka, INDIA <#LINE#>10/8/2014<#LINE#>2/10/2014<#LINE#>High levels of dissolved metals in the environment includes active and abandoned mine sites as well as industrial effluents also contribute to lead contamination in both water and soil. As compared to the conventional remediation techniques, biological methods are gaining prominence because of their potential in providing a cost effective technology for heavy metal remediation. Biopolymer produced by Bacillus licheniformis was investigated with regard to remediation of lead metal ion. Biopolymer production was optimum when grown in M9 medium, biopolymer from B licheniformis was then used for bio sorption of lead metal ion at neutral pH range, 95-98% of biosorption was observed in case of 10ppm and 50ppm lead metal ions, this study shows  utility of biopolymers in  bioremediation of lead metal ions.<#LINE#> @ @ Kapoor Neeti., Tiwari Prakash and  Hari Singh Gour., Effects of Heavy Metal Poisoning during Pregnancy,  Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 2(1), 88-92 (2013) @No $ @ @ Seema Tiwari and Tripathi I.P., Lead Pollution -An Overview, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 1(4), 84-86 (2012) @No $ @ @ Murhekar Gopalkrushna Haribhau and  Rathod R.G., Trace Metals Contamination of Surface Water Samples in and Around  Akot City in Maharashtra, India, Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(7), 5-9 (2012) @No $ @ @ Srinivas J., Purushotham A.V. and Murali Krishna K.V.S.G., The effects of Heavy metals on Seed Germination and Plant Growth on Coccinia, Mentha and Trigonella Plant Seeds in Timmapuram, E.G. District, Andhra Pradesh, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci, 2(6), 20-24 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ahanger Faroz Ahmad., Sharma Harendra K., Rather Makhmoor Ahmad and Rao R.J., Impact of Mining Activities on Various Environmental Attributes with Specific Reference to Health Impacts in Shatabdipuram, Gwalior, India, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 3(6), 81-87 (2014) @No $ @ @ Kumar C.G., Joo H.S., Kavali R, Choi J.W. and Chang C.S., Characterization of an extracellular biopolymer flocculant from a haloakalophilic Bacillus isolate, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol, 20(8), 837-843 (2004) @No $ @ @ Lazarova V. and Manem J., Biofilm characterization and activity analysis in water and waste water treatment, Wat. Res, 29, 2227-2245 (1995) @No $ @ @ Gao J., Bao H.Y., Xin M.X., Liu Y.X., LiQ and Zhang Y.F., Characterization of bioflocculant from a newly isolated Vagococcussp, W31, J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B, 7, 186-192 (2006) @No $ @ @ Wang S., Gong W., Liu X., Lin T., Yue Y. and Gao B.,  Production of a novel bio flocculant by culture of Klebsiella mobilis using dairy wastewater, Biochem. Eng .J, 36, 81-86 (2007) @No $ @ @ Takagi H. and Kodowaki K., Floccculant production by Paecilomyces sp. taxonomic studies and culture conditions for production, A&c, Biol. Chem., 49, 3151-3157 (1985) @No $ @ @ Huang W., Chang W. and Hu Y., Screening of bioflocculant producing strains by NTG mutagenesis, J. Environmental sci , 17, 494-498 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F. and Maniatis T., Molecular cloning : A laboratory manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989) @No $ @ @ Ugbenyen A.M. and Okoh A.I., Flocculating Properties of a Bioflocculant Produced by Bacillus sp. Isolated from a Marine Environment in South Africa, Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q., 27(4), 511–518 (2013) @No $ @ @ Bradford M.M., A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein dye binding, Anal. Biochem. 72, 248-254 (1976) @No $ @ @ Chaplin M.F., Kennedy J.F., Carbohydrate Analysis, Oxford University Press, New York, 55–57 (1994) @No $ @ @ James K.C., Solubility and the Related Properties. In: Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 28. Marcel Dekker, New York, USA, 91-125 (1986) @No $ @ @ Patra Partha and Natarajan K.A ., Microbially-induced separation of chalcopyrite and galena, Miner. Eng, 21, 691–698 (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Property of Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom<#LINE#>G.M.@SalaUddin,M.@SarwarHossain,M.@MonirulIslam,M.@Asaduzzaman,Jahanbulbul@I.,M.@RuhulAmin<#LINE#>29-33<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-194.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, 1213, Dhaka, BANGALADESH @ National Mushroom Development and Extension Center, Sobhanbag, Savar, Dhaka, BANGALADESH <#LINE#>11/8/2014<#LINE#>16/10/2014<#LINE#>The study was conducted to estimate the performance of certain biological properties of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). For determination of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of this mushroom disk diffusion technique and brine shrimp lethality bioassay were used. Ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroform extract were examined with ten test organism in which hexane extract showed higher antibacterial activity than chloroform and ethyl acetate for both gram positive and negative bacteria. The average zone of inhibition for hexane extract was in the range of 11-24mm. The total phenolic content ranged from 3.69 mg GAE/gm to 8.49 mg GAE/gm. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay LC50 values obtained were 10 µg/ml, 40 µg/ml and 75µg/ml for hexane, ethyl acetate and chloroform, respectively. This study revealed that P. ostreatus mushroom has potential antimicrobial effect with significant antioxidant and anticancer activity. <#LINE#> @ @ Soumya C, Gunjan B, Saikat K.B. and Krishnendu A., Antineoplastic effect of mushrooms, Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5, 904-911 (2011) @No $ @ @ S. Monira., A. Haque., A. Muhit., N. C. Sarker., A.H.M.K. Alam., A.A. Rahman. and P. Khondkal., Antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of hypsizygus tessulatus cultivated in Bangladesh, Research Journal of Medicinal Plant., 6, 300-308 (2012) @No $ @ @ Asaduzzaman K., Liakot A.K., Shahdat H., Mousumi Tania. and Nazim U., Investigation on the nutritional composition of common edible and medicinal mushrooms cultivated in Bangladesh, Bangladesh J Mushroom., 3, 21-28 (2009) @No $ @ @ Anderson E.E. and Ward C.R., The food value of mushroom agaricus campestris, Pool Am Soc Hort.,41, 2301-23023 (1999) @No $ @ @ Bilal Ahmad Wani., Bodha R.H. and Wani A.H., Nutritional and medicinal importance of mushroomsJournal of Medicinal Plants Research., 4, 2598-2604(2010) @No $ @ @ Solomon P Wasser, Current findings, future trends, and unsolved problems in studies of medicinal mushrooms, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol., DOI 10.1007/s00253-010-3067-4, (2010) @No $ @ @ Zaidman B.Z, Yassin M, Mahajna J and Wasser S.P., Medicinal mushroom modulators of molecular targets as cancer therapeutics, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,67, 453-68 (2005) @No $ @ @ Song Wei and Leo J.L.D.V.G., Pro-and antioxidative properties of medicinal mushroom extracts, International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms.,10, 315–324 (2008) @No $ @ @ Viktor B., Tatjana B., Vitaliy K., Tatjana B. and Vitaliy k., The influence of culinary-medicinal mushrooms: Agaricus bisporus, lentinula eodes and pleurotus ostreatus on injuries of gastric mucosa in rats evoked by stress. Proceedings of the 7thInternational Conference on Mushroom Biology and Mushroom Products (ICMBMP7), 306-311 (2011) @No $ @ @ Yashvant P., Ram N. and Singh V.K., Medicinal properties of pleurotus species (Oyster Mushroom): A review, World Journal of Fungal and Plant Biology., 3, 01-12 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kiran N., Meenakshi., Mukesh K. and Ajay Y., Evaluation of antimicrobial potential of fruiting body extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).International Science Congress Association 33International Journal of Microbial Resource Technology.,1, 391-399 (2012) @No $ @ @ Pornariya C. and Kanok O.I., Amino acids and antioxidant properties of the oyster mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju. Science Asia.,35, 326–331 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mehmet A., Ayse N.O, Pnar E. and Sevda K., Antimicrobial activity of some edible mushrooms in the eastern and southeast anatolia region of turkey, Gazi University Journal of Science.,23, 125-130 (2010) @No $ @ @ Wolff E.R.S., Wisbeck E., Silveira M.L.L., Gern R.M.M., Pinho M.S.L. and Furlan S.A., Antimicrobial and antineoplasic activity of Pleurotus ostreatus,Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 151, 402–412, (2008) @No $ @ @ Kotra L.P. and  Mobashery S., -Lactam antibiotics, lactamases and bacterial resistance, Bulletin de l'Institut Pasteur.,96, 139–150 (1998) @No $ @ @ Joachim M., Gerwald K., Wilma Z., Gabriele B.O., Ulrich D. and Jorg H., Evolution of microbial pathogens, Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society.,355,695-704 (2000) @No $ @ @ Per Sandven., Epidemiology of candidemia, Rev Iberoam Micol.,17, 73-81 (2000) @No $ @ @ Hatvani N., Antibacterial effect of the culture fluid of Lentinus edodes mycelium grown in submerged liquid culture, Int. 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Karst. collected from the Wild of Bukidnon Province, Philippines, Int Res J Biological Sci.,2, 62-68 (2013) @No $ @ @ Krishnaraju A.V., Rao T.V.N., Sundararaju D.,  Vanisree M.,  Tsay H.S. and Subbaraju G.V., Assessment of bioactivity of Indian medicinal plants using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality assay, Int J Appl Sci Eng.,3, 125-134 (2005) @No $ @ @ John ES Neil JR, and Richard S. Medicinal mushrooms: a rapidly developing area of biotechnology for cancer therapy and other bioactivities, Biotechnology Letters.,24, 1839–1845 (2002) @No $ @ @ V. Venkatakrishnan., R. Shenbhagaramanb., V. Kaviyarasanb., D. Gunasundari., K. Radhika., R. Dandapani. and Loganathan K.J., Antioxidant and antiproliferative effect of pleurotus ostreatus, Journal of Phytology., 2, 022–028 (2010) @No $ @ @ Komali AS, Zheng Z, and Shetty K. A mathematical model for the growth kinetics and synthesis of phenolics in oregano (Origanum vulgare) shoot cultures inoculated with Pseudomonas species, Process. Biochem.,35, 227–235 (1999) @No $ @ @ Moller JKS, Madsen HL, Altonen T, and Skibsted LH. Dittany (Origanum dictamnus) as a source of water-extractable antioxidants, Food. Chem.,64, 215–219(1999) @No $ @ @ Gezer K, Duru ME, Kivrak I, Turkoglu A, Mercan N, Turkoglu H, and Gulcan S. Free radical Scavenging capacity and antimicrobial activity of wild –edible mushroom from Turkey, Afr. J. Biotechnol.,5, 1924-1928 (2006) @No $ @ @ Arora A, Byrem TM, Nair MG, and Strasburg GM. Modulation of liposomal membranes fluidity by flavonoids and isoflavonoids, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysic.,373, 102-109 (2000) @No $ @ @ Blokhina O, Virolainen E, and Fagerstedt KV. Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress : A review, Ann  Bot.,91, 179-194 (2003) @No $ @ @ Michalak Phenolic Compounds and Their AntioxidantActivity in Plants Growing under Heavy Metal Stress, Polish J of Environ Stud.,15, 523-530(2006) @No $ @ @ Sukantha T. A.,Shubashini K.S., Ravindran. and N.T., Balashanmugam. Evaluation of   in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of  Pithecellobium dulce  benth fruit peel, International Journal of Current Research.,3, 378-382 (2011) @No $ @ @ Munehiko T., Chiu W.K., Yuji N. and Takeshi T., Application of antioxidative maillrad reaction products from histidine and glucose to sardine products, Nippon Suisan Gakkaishil.,54, 1409-1414 (1998) @No $ @ @ Rahman M., Faridur, Karim M.R., Islam M.F., Habib M,R. and Hossain M.T.  Phytochemical and cytotoxic investigation on oyster mushroom (P. ostreatus), International Research Journal of Pharmacy.,1, 342-345(2010) @No
<#LINE#>Microfossils based Palaeoecology and Palaeocommunity Structure of Upper Siwalik Deposits of Jammu, JandK, India<#LINE#>Nath@KundalSom<#LINE#>34-40<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-201.pdf<#LINE#> P.G. Department of Geology, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, INDIA <#LINE#>2/9/2014<#LINE#>18/11/2014<#LINE#>In this paper, the author built up the palaeo community structure of the study area by carried out palaeoecological analysis of collected microfauna and floras from the Late Pliocene Siwalik deposits of Jammu province. The collected microfauna and flora specimen comprises of microfossils (ostracods), micro vertebrates (rodents, fishes, frogs, lizards, snakes), invertebrates (gastropods and bivalves) and plants charophyte. The palaeoecological evidence indicates that during Late Pliocene times there were two dominant important communities’ i.e. aquatic community (fresh water) and terrestrial community. <#LINE#> @ @ Pilgrim G.E., Correlation of fossiliferous section in Upper Cenozoic of India, Amer Mus Novitates704, 1-5 (1934) @No $ @ @ Suneja I.J. and Kumar R., New fossiliferrous localities yielding some of the aquatic vertebrates in Jammu and Kashmir (Punjab Himalayan), Science and Culture,45(9), 443-444 (1979) @No $ @ @ Suneja I.J., Singh G. and Chopra S.R.K., A note on the occurrence of microfossils in the Tawi valley sediments of Jammu and Kashmir and their Stratigraphic significance, Proc VII Indian Colloq Micropal Strat, 443-445 (1980) @No $ @ @ Rage J.C., Gupta S.S. and Prasad G.V.R., Amphibians and Squamates from the Neogene Siwalik beds of Jammu and Kashmir, India, Palaeontologische zeitschrift,75(2),197-205 (2001) @No $ @ @ Gupta S.S. and Prasad G.V.R., Micromammals from the Upper Siwalik Subgroup of the Jammu region, Jammu and Kashmir State, India: Some Constraints on age, Neves Jahrbuch fur Geolgie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen,220, 153-187 (2001) @No $ @ @ Bhatia S.B., Bhat G.M., and Pandita S.K., Microfossils from the Nagrota Formation, Upper Siwalik Subgroup, Jammu Hills, Journal of the Geological Society of India,58, 509-518 (2001) @No $ @ @ Prasad G.V.R., Kundal S.N. and Bhat G.M., Mandible of Golunda (Rodentia Mammalia) from the Upper Siwalik Subgroup of Jammu, India, Annales de Paleontologie,91, 181-196 (2005) @No $ @ @ Bhandari A. and Kundal S.N., Ostrocodes from the Nagrota Formation, Upper Siwalik Subgroup, Jammu, India, Revista Espanolla de Micropaleontologia, 40(1-2),151-166 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kundal S.N. and Prasad G.V.R., ? Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene Micro vertebrates from the Upper Siwalik Subgroup of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Open access e-Journal Earth Science, India, http://www. earthscienceindia.info, 4(3), 143-158 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kundal S.N., Micro-Biotic Composition of Nagrota Formation Upper Siwalik Subgroup of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India, International Journal of Current Research, Available online at http://www.journalcra. com, 4(12), 060-065 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kundal S.N., Late Pliocene (Piacenzian Stage) fossil Molluscs from Upper Siwalik Subgroup of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India, International Research Journal of Earth Sciences, 1(4), 10-17 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kundal S.N., Green Algae’s (Charophyte) from Siwalik of Jammu, th JK Science Congress (JKSC-11), 423 (2011) @No $ @ @ Prakash L. and Gosh P., Rodents in Desert Environments, The Netherlands: Dr. W. Junk b.v. Publishers, (1975) @No $ @ @ Patnaik R., Reconstruction of Upper Siwalik palaeoecology and palaeoclimatology using microfossil palaeocommunities, Palaeogeog Palaeoclim Palaeoecol,197, 133-150 (2003) @No $ @ @ Morkhoven F.P. and Van C.M., Post Palaeozoic ostracoda, Amsterdam, Elsevier Publication Company, 1,1-204 (1962) @No $ @ @ Jain S.P., Recent fresh water ostracodes from Chilika lake area, Jour Pal Soc India,20(2), 336-359 (1977) @No $ @ @ Jain S.P., Some recent fresh water ostracodes from parts of Kutch, Gujarat, Bull Indian Geol Assoc,12(2), 191-202 (1979) @No $ @ @ Battish S.K., Fresh water ostracodea of the subfamily Cyprinotinae from Punjab, India, with description of eight new species, Jour Nat Hist,15, 645-669 (1981) @No $ @ @ Neale J.W., Ostracodes from the rice-fields of Sri Lanka (Ceylon). In: H.Loffer and D. Danielopol (eds), Aspects of Ecology and Zoogeography of Recent and Fossil Ostracoda, Proc 6th Int Symp Ostracoda Salfelden, 271-283 (1977) @No $ @ @ Victor R. and Fernando C.H., The fresh water ostracodes Crustacea: Ostracoda of India, Records of the Zoological Survey of India,74(2), 147-242 (1979) @No $ @ @ Bhatia S.B. and Khosla S.C., Sub-Recent ostracodes from Southern Punjab, Res. Bull (Sci.) Panjab Univ.,18(3-4), 507-509 (1967a) @No $ @ @ Bhatia S.B. and Khosla S.C., A preliminary note on the discovery of ostracodes from the Upper Siwalik near Chandigarh, Bull. Geol. Soc. India, 4(1), 8-11 (1967b) @No $ @ @ Singh D., Comments on some Quaternary ostracode taxa from northwest India, Jour Pal Soc India20, 366-381 (1977) @No $ @ @ Sars G.O. The freshwater Entomostraca of the Cape Province (Union of South Africa) Part II: Ostracoda, Ann South African Mus, 20, 105-191 (1924) @No $ @ @ Singh D., Plio-Pleistocene and Recent ostracode taxa from the Kashmir Valley and their affinity, Proceedings of Indian Science Congress (Abstract), , 199 (1973) @No $ @ @ Holmes P.F. Ostracoda from Loko O hrid, Archir, Hydrobiol,31, 484-500 (1937) @No $ @ @ Staplin F.L., Pleistocene Ostracoda of Illinois. Part II. Subfamilies Cyclocyprinae, Cypridopsinae, Ilyocycprinae; Families Darwinulidae and Cytheridae. Stratigraphic ranges and assemblage patterns, Jour Pal,  37(6), 1164-1203 (1963a) @No $ @ @ Staplin F.L. Pleistocene Ostracoda of Illinois.Part I. Subfamilies Candoninae, Cyprinae, general ecology, morphology, Jour Pal,37(4), 758-797 (1963b) @No $ @ @ Kendeigh S.C. Ecology: with special reference to animals and Man, Prentice-Hall, New Delhi: 1-474 (1975) @No $ @ @ Hoff C.C., The ostracodes of Illinois (their biology and taxonomy) Urbans, Publ Univ Illinois: 1-196 (1942) @No $ @ @ Bhatia S.B., Pleistocene ostracodes from the Upper Karewas of Kashmir, India, Micropaleontology,14(4), 465-483 (1968) @No $ @ @ Petovski T.K., Zurkenntnis des crustacean des Skadar (Scutari) sees, Acta Mus Maced Sci Nat,8(2/70), 30-52 (1964) @No $ @ @ Bhatia S.B. and Singh D., Ecology and distribution of some recent ostracodes of the Vale of Kashmir, India, Micropaleontology,17(2), 214-220 (1971) @No $ @ @ Swain F.M. Ostracoda from Gubik Formation, Jour. Pal., 37(4), 798-834 (1963) @No $ @ @ McKenzie K.G., An ostracod fauna from Lago di Fusaro, near Nepoli. Annurio Dellistitlto emuseo di Zool. Della University di Nepoli, 16(6), 1-23 (1964) @No $ @ @ Mukerji S.K., Bathymetrical survey of the Dal Lake of Kashmir with special reference to the penetration of actinic rays to different depths of water and their effect on the incidence of vegetation, Proc. 19th Ind Sci Cong (Abstract), 328-329 (1972) @No $ @ @ Baird W., The natural history of the British Entomostraca, Mag Zool Bot,2, 132-144 (1838) @No $ @ @ Brady G.S. and Norman A.M., A monograph of the marine and fresh water Ostracoda of the north Atlantic, and of northwestern Europe, Section I-Podoopa,Sci. Trans. Roy, Dublin ser-2,4(2), 63-270 (1889) @No $ @ @ Gurney R., List of Entomostraca collected in Seistan and  Baluch desert, Rec Ind  Mus,18(3), 145-146 (1920) @No $ @ @ Puri H.S., Ecological distribution of recent ostracoda, Proc Symp Crust PartI Marine Biol Assoc India, 457-485 (1966) @No $ @ @ Wood R.D., A revision of the Characeae. Crames, ed: Weinheim.1,  904 (1965) @No $ @ @ Tambareau Y., Gruas-Cavagnetto C., Feist M. and Vilatte J., Flores et faunes continentales llerdiennes du versant sud de la Montagne Noire et de la Montagne d Alaric, Revue de Micropalaeontologie,34(1), 69-89 (1991) @No $ @ @ Soulie-Marsche I., Apport des charophytes fossiles a la recherche de Phenomenes climatiques abrupt, Bull De la Societe geologique de France, 164, 123-130 (1993a) @No $ @ @ Soulie-marsche I., Diversity of Quaternary aquatic environments in Northeast Africa as shown by fossil charophytes. In U.  Thorweine and H. Schandelmeier (eds), Geoscientific Research in Northeast Africa, Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Balkema, (1993b) @No $ @ @ Lucas S.G. and Kietzke, K.K. Pliocene microfossils from the Monticello Pointmaar, Sierra County, New Mexico, New Mexico Geology,16(3), 41-48 (1994) @No $ @ @ Moore J.A., Charophytes of Great Britain and Ireland.Botanical Society of the British Isles Handbook,5, 140 (1986) @No $ @ @ Corillion R., Flore des charophytes (characees) du Massif Armoricain et des contrees voisines d-Europe occidentale, in Jouve, ed. Flore et vegetation du Massif Armoricain Paris,4, 1-216 (1975) @No $ @ @ 8.Dubois A., Observations Sur La morphologic et la biologie des formes naines de Lamprothamnium papulosum J. Groves (characees). Naturalia Monspeliensia, Montpellier, serie botanique,19, 37-41 (1968) @No $ @ @ Soulie-Marsche I., Etude comparee de gyrogonites de charophyte actueles et fossiles et phyolgenie des genres actuelles, Edition Revise These Universite Montpellier 1979. Imprimerie des Tilleuls Millau, France(1989) @No
<#LINE#>Clinical Profile and Prognosis of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Chomi Medical and Surgical Clinic, General Santos City, Philippines<#LINE#>E.I.@Chomi,O.M.@Nuńeza<#LINE#>41-46<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-204.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Andres Bonifacio Avenue, Iligan City, PHILIPPINES<#LINE#>6/9/2014<#LINE#>19/11/2014<#LINE#>A big percentage of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 develop diabetic foot ulcers. This complication entails high costs to the patients. This retrospective study determined the clinical profile and prognosis of diabetic patients with foot ulcers in the Chomi Medical and Surgical Clinic (CMSC) in General Santos City. Medical records of 412 patients were reviewed from August 2010 – January 2011. Eighty-two of the patients have diabetes mellitus type 2, 50 of whom have diabetic foot ulcers. A  ratio of  1.4 males: 1 female was observed indicating that more males  than female were affected.For both genders, the mean age is between the 5th and 6th decade of life with 53 + 12.51 years, most of which belong to the 50-59 age-group. In body mass index (BMI) categorization, majority of the patients belong to the normal and overweight category at 48% and 42%, respectively. Of the 50 patients with diabetic foot ulcers, 39 (78%) had previous diagnosis oftype 2 diabetes mellitus of 2.36 + 1.7 years (range = 0.2 – 7 yrs.) while the other 11 (22%) were walk-in patients and were diagnosed upon the day of consultation. Ulcerations were commonly found in the toes while rarely on the shin. Degrees of wounds were graded according to Wagner's classification. Forty-eight percent (24) of patients had grade 0,26% (13) had grade 1, 16% (8) had grade 2, 6% (3) had grade 4, and4% (2) had grade 5 ulcers. Sixteen (32%) underwent debridement, seven (14%) underwent amputation with five toe disarticulations and two below knee amputation while only one (2%) underwent internal screw fixation. Results indicate that diabetic foot ulcer mostly occurs in patients in the 5th to 6thdecade of life and affects more males than females.<#LINE#> @ @ Loghmani E., Chapter 14: Diabetes Mellitis: type 1 and type 2. In: Stang J, Story M, (eds). Guidelines for Adolescent Nutrition Services (2005) , University of Minnesota, Center for Leadership, Education and Training in Maternal and Child Nutrition, 167-182, (2005) @No $ @ @ International Diabetes Federation., IDF Diabetes Atlas, 6th edition. Brussels, Belgium, International Diabetes Federation, 1-155, (2013) @No $ @ @ Guariguata L., Whiting D. R., Hambleton I., Beagley J., Linnenkamp U. and Shaw J.E., Global Estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice,103, 137-149 (2014) @No $ @ @ American Diabetes Association., Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Care, 36(1),s67-s74 (2013) @No $ @ @ World Health Organization, Definition, Diagnosis, and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications,World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/philip.home/ who_dmg.pdf, (1999) @No $ @ @ National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Diabetes Statistics 2007. Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from http://www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/ pubs/statistics/, (2008) @No $ @ @ Sy R., Soria M.L. J., Vega B., Flores J., Velandria F., Punzalan F.E. and Ty-Willing T., The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Philippines: A 9-year cohort study, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 86(2),130-133 (2009) @No $ @ @ Singh S., Pai D.R. and Yuhhui C., Diabetic Foot Ulcer – Diagnosis and Management,Clin Res Foot Ankle, 1(120),1-9 (2013) @No $ @ @ Reiber G.E. and Ledoux W.R., Epidemiology of diabetic foot ulcers and amputations: evidence for prevention. In:The Evidence Base for Diabetes Care, Williams R., Herman W., Kinmonth A.L. and Wareham N. J., (eds), Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 641–665 (2002) @No $ @ @ Sanders L.J., Diabetes mellitus: prevention of amputation, J Am Podiatry Med Assoc., 84, 322–328 (1994) @No $ @ @ Leung P.C., Diabetic foot ulcers--a comprehensive review, Surgeon, 5, 219-231 (2007) @No $ @ @ Manes C., Papazoglou N., Sossidou E., Soulis K., Milarakis D., Satsaglou A. and Sackallerou A., Prevalence of Diabetic Neuropathy and Foot Ulceration: Identification of Potential Risk Factors – A Population-Based Study, Wounds, 14(1), 1-5 (2002) @No $ @ @ Cardino M.J.T., Josol C.V. and Isip-Tan I.T., Quality of Care and Outcomes Of Diabetic Extremity Patients After The Implementation Of The Revised Diabetes Extremity Care Team Protocol of The Philippine General Hospital, Phil. J. Internal Medicine, 47, 57-63 (2009) @No $ @ @ Alcantara A.S., Araza L., Mercado-Asis L. and Tan-Alora A., Bacterial Infections among Filipino Diabetics at the Santo Tomas University Hospital, Phil J Microbiol Infect Dis., 28(3), 91-97 (1999) @No $ @ @ McIntosh A., Peters J., Young R., Hutchinson A., Chiverton R., Clarkson S., Foster A., Gadsby R., O’Connor M., Rayman G., Feder G. and Home P. D., Prevention and Management of Foot Problems in Type 2 diabetes: Clinical Guidelines and Evidence, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, (2003) @No $ @ @ Ezekowitz M., Chapter 17: Peripheral Vascular Disease. In: Zaret B., Moser M. and Cohen L., (eds.). The Yale University School of Medicine Heart Book, Hearst Book, New York, 205-214 (1992) @No $ @ @ National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Peripheral Neuropathy. Taylor Microtechnology Inc., Retrieved July 17, 2014 from www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/peripheralneuropathy/ detail_peripheralneuropathy.htm, (2014) @No $ @ @ Llanes L.R., Pena A. and Cauton-Valera R., Clinical, Microbiological Profile and Outcome of Diabetic Patients with Foot Ulcers Admitted at the Quirino Memorial Medical Center : January 2000-May 2001, Phil J Microbiol Infect Dis., 30(3), 101-107 (2001) @No $ @ @ Raymundo M.F. and Mendoza M., The Microbiologic Features and Clinical Outcome of Diabetic Foot Infections among Patients Admitted at UP-PGH, Phil J Microbiol Infect Dis.,31(2), 51-63 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kifer Z., Section II Defining the Spectrum of Simple to Complex Wounds, In : Fast Facts for Wound Care Nursing: Practical Wound Management in a Nutshell, Springer Publishing Company, 103-104 (2011) @No $ @ @ Madanchi N.,  Tabatabaei-Malazy O., Pajouhi M., Heshmat R., Larijani B. and Mohajeri-Tehrani M-R., Who are diabetic foot patients?, A descriptive study on 873 patients, Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders,12, 36 (2013) @No $ @ @ Shojaiefard A., Khorgami Z. and Larijani B., Independent risk factors for amputation in diabetic foot,Int J DiabDevCtries, 28, 32-37 (2008) @No $ @ @ Larijani B., Afshari M., Darvishzadeh F., Bastanhagh M.H., Pajouhi M., BaradarJaili R. and Moadi M.,Lower limb amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: a 22 year review, MJIRC, 8, 21-24 (2006) @No $ @ @ Demayo C., Bag-ao T. and Torres M., Heritability of Aging Male Symptoms (AMS) in Filipino Male, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences,5(8),429-437 (2011) @No $ @ @ Hjelm K. and Atwine F., Health-care Seeking Behavior among Persons with Diabetes in Uganda: an Interview Study, BMC International Health and Human Rights,11,11 (2011) @No $ @ @ Shakil S. and Khan A., Infected Foot Ulcers in Male and Female Diabetic Patients: A Clinico-bioinformative Study, Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob., 9, 2 (2010) @No $ @ @ Bays H., Chapman R. and Grandy S., The Relationship of Body Mass Index to Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Dyslipidaemia : Comparison of Data from Two National Surveys, Int J ClinPract., 61(5), 737-747 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kahn S.E., Hull R.L. and Utzschneider K.M., Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, NATURE, 444(14), 840-846 (2006) @No $ @ @ Unachukwu C., Babatunde S. and Ihekwaba A.E., Diabetes, hand and/or foot ulcers: a cross-sectional hospital-based study in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, Diabetes Res ClinPract., 75, 148-152 (2007) @No $ @ @ Minimas D.., Ageing and its Influence in Wound Healing, Wounds UK, 3(1), 46-48 (2007) @No $ @ @ Mason J., O’ Keeffet C., Mclntosht A., Hutchinsont A., Booth A. and Young R.J., A systematic review of foot ulcer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. I: Prevention, Diabet Med.,16, 801-812 (1999) @No $ @ @ Toto R. D., Microalbuminuria: Definition, Detection, and Clinical Significance, The Journal of Clinical Hypertension Supplement 3,6(11), 1-7 (2004) @No $ @ @ Naderi A.S.A. and Reilly R.F., Primary Care Approach to Proteinuria, JABFM,21(6), 569-574 (2008) @No $ @ @  Naude S.L.,Diabetes Diagnosis and Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Professional Nursing Today, 9(6),20-24 (2005) @No $ @ @ Dabla P.K., Renal function in diabetic nephropathy, World J., 1(2), 48-56 (2010) @No $ @ @ Obineche E. and Adem A., Update in Diabetic Nephropathy, Int J Diabetes and Metabolism, 13, 3-4 (2005) @No $ @ @ Cardino M.J., Josol C., Isip-Tan I. and Jimeno C., Risk Factors for Major Amputation of Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Philippine Journal of Internal Medicine,49(2),74-78 (2011) @No $ @ @ Clayton W. and Elcasy T. A., A Review of the Pathophysiology, Classification, and Treatment of Foot Ulcers in Diabetic Patients, Clin Diabetes,27, 52-58 (2009) @No $ @ @ National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, Diabetic Neuropathies: The Nerve Damage of Diabetes. U.S. Department Of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. NIH Publication.Retrieved from http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/neuropathies/, (2009) @No $ @ @ Krisner R., Herman W., Funnell M. and Nelson J., The Standard of Care for Evaluation and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers. University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan Health System and Barry University, Retrieved from www.anidiab.com/es/doc/ evaluacion_y_tratamiento_pie_diabetico.pdf, (2010) @No $ @ @ Pai D. R., Madan S. S., Techniques in Chronic Wound Management: Review of the Literature and Recent Concepts, J Nov Physiother.,3, 2 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ziegler-Graham K., MacKenzie E. J., Ephraim P. L., Travison T. G. and Brookmeyer R., Estimating the prevalence of limb loss in the United States: 2005 to 2050, Arch Phys Med Rehabil,  89, 422-429 (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Estimation of Avoidable Losses in Mungbean Genotypes Evaluated under field conditions during summer against Maruca Vitrata<#LINE#>SandhyaRani@Choragudi,Ramachandra@Rao G,MSV@Chalam,Anil@KumarP,Rao@VSrinivasa<#LINE#>57-54<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-209.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Entomology, Agricultural College, Bapatla-522 101, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA <#LINE#>18/9/2014<#LINE#>29/11/2014<#LINE#>Hundred and ten greengram genotypes screened against M. vitrata during summer, 2009-10 and 2010-11. Among the hundred and ten screened greengram genotypes, avoidable loss was ranged from 1.4 to 83.5 percent and the lowest avoidable losses were recorded in 18 genotypes, which grouped under resistant category and highest avoidable losses in 20 highly susceptible genotypes, where as the remaining 72 genotypes were grouped under moderate category.  The genotypes KM-8-666 (83.5%), KM-8-656 (76.9%), KM-9-121 (76%), LGG-497 (75.5%) and LGG-514 (75%) recorded the highest percent avoidable losses, while genotypes MGG-336 (1.4%), KM-8-655 (2.4%), MGG-335 (3.2%), Madhira Mung (7.9%), KARS-165 (8.3%), KM-9-122 (9.0%), Pusa Vishal (9.1%), MGG-295 (10.6%), GG-9 (10.8%) and MGG-353 (11.9%) recorded the lowest avoidable losses.  The low yielding greengram genotypes, KARS-22 (25.5), KARS-166 (26.5), Asha (29.0), KM-2241 (41.5), MGG-330 (45.5), MGG-359 (48.0), Line -76 (49.0), BAR-02/22 (49.5), KM-9-136 (51.0), MGG-367 (51.5) under unprotected conditions, became moderate yielders (KARS-22 (56.5), KARS-166 (82.5), Asha (95.5), KM-2241 (110.5), MGG-330 (110),  MGG-359 (137.5), Line -76 (185), BAR-02/22 (60.0), KM-9-136 (139), MGG-367 (73.0)) under protected conditions. Similarly, the moderate yielding genotypes, viz., KM-8-666 (70.5) and KM-8-656 (109.5) under unprotected conditions, became high yielders (KM-8-666 (427) and KM-8-656 (473.5)) under protected conditions, this significant yield improvement, might be due to Maruca management.  It is concluding that we can avoid 83.5 percent yield losses by choosing resistant varieties and adopting management practices against Maruca. <#LINE#> @ @ National Agricultural Innovation Project report submitted by Central Research Institute for Dry land Agriculture (2012) @No $ @ @ Vishakanthaiah M and Jagadeesh babu C.S., Bionomics of the tur webworm, Maruca testulalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 14: 529-532 (1980) @No $ @ @ Zahid M.A., Islam M.M and Begum M.R., Determination of economic injury levels of Maruca vitrata in Mungbean, Journal of Agricultural Rural Development, 6(1and2): 91–97 (2008) @No $ @ @ Shivalingaswami, T. M and Balasubramanian, R., Studies on the susceptibility of groundnut varieties to infestation by Carydon serratus (Oliver) Coleoptera : Bruchidae,  Bulletin of Grain Technology.30, 137-140 (1992) @No $ @ @ Anantha kumari,  D., Jagadeshwar Reddy, D and Sharma, H. C., Effect of grain yield in Pigeonpea genotypes with different levels of resistance to the pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera.  Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 34(2),184-187 (2006) @No $ @ @ Umbarkar P.S., Prasanna G.J and Jethva D.M., Estimation of yield losses by pod borer complex in greengram, Legume Research: An International Journal, 34(4), 308 (2011) @No $ @ @ Iqbal Singh, Sekhon N, Poonam Sharma and Bains, T. S  Response of Mungbean varieties to plant populations in summer seasons, Journal of Food legumes,20(1), 115-116 (2007) @No $ @ @ Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur Frontline Demonstrations on Pulse crops Report, 51-68 (2002-2005) @No 
<#LINE#>Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Datura stramonium Leaves Extracts Collected from Eastern Ethiopia<#LINE#>Girmay@Solomon<#LINE#>55-59<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-213.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box: 1888, Adama, ETHIOPIA <#LINE#>29/9/2014<#LINE#>3/11/2014<#LINE#>The present study was conducted to identify the preliminary phytochemical identification and antimicrobial investigation of leaves extracts of Datura Stramonium Linn collected from eastern Ethiopia.Datura Stramonium is traditionally used to cure different human diseases including in skin disorder, ear pain, cough, fever, burns, and asthma in Ethiopia. Phytochemical screening test in five different solvents chloroform, hexane, petroleum ether, ethanol, and acetone crude extracts were indicated the presence of flavonoids, cholesterols, terpenoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, proteins, and saponins. However, glycosides, phenols, and cholesterols were not detected in hexane, petroleum ether, and ethanol crude extract, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of crude extract were tested using paper disk diffusion method against four bacteria strains (S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli and S. typhi) and three fungi strains (F. solani, F. oxysporum and A. niger). Datura stramonium petroleum ether extract produced maximum zone of inhibition (19.30±0.18mm) against S. aureus while minimum zone of inhibition (12.30±0.16mm) against S. typhi. Hexane crude extract leaves of Datura stramonium showed maximum zone of inhibition (18.00±0.27mm) against S. aureus while minimum zone of inhibition (11.05±0.62mm) against E. coli. Chloroform extract of the plant also showed maximum zone of inhibition (18.43±0.57mm) against B. subtillis while minimum zone of inhibition (11.51±0.54mm) against S. typhi. The various crude extracts of Datura stramonium were showed high potential antifungal activity against the tested fungi with maximum zone of inhibition (17.07±0.16mm) against A. niger was exhibited by petroleum ether extract while minimum zone of inhibition (8.05±0.43mm) against F. oxysporum was observed by ethanol crude extract. The antimicrobial activities of plant extract were compared with that of chloroamphenicol against bacteria and bavistin against fungi as reference antibiotics.<#LINE#> @ @ Stace C., New Flora of the British Isles, Cambridge University Press., 532 (1997) @No $ @ @ Ermias D., Natural Database for Africa (NDA) On CD-ROM Version 2.0, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopion, (2011) @No $ @ @ Soni P., Siddiqui A.A., Dwivedi J.  and Soni V., Pharmacological properties of Datura stramonium L. as a potential medicinal tree, Asian. Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2(12), 1002-1008  (2012) @No $ @ @ Reddy B.U., Antimicrobial activity of Datura stramonium L. and Tylophora indica (Burm. F.) Merr, Pharmac. Online., (1), 1293-1300  (2009) @No $ @ @ Nain J., Bhatt S., Dhyani S. and Joshi N., Phytochemical screening of secondary metabolites of Datura stramonium, Int. J. Curr. Pharm. Res.,  5(2), 151-153 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ivancheva S., Nikolova M. and Tsvetkova R., Pharmacological activities and biologically active compounds of Bulgarian medicinal plants, Phytochemistry, Adva.  Rese.,  87-103 (2006) @No $ @ @ Van Wyk B.E. and Wink M., Medicinal Plants of the World, Briza Publications, Pretoria.,  123 (2004) @No $ @ @ Khan S.W. and Khatoon S., Ethnobotanical studies on some useful herbs of Haramosh and Bugrote valleys in Gilgit, Northern areas of Pakistan, Pak. J. Bot., 40(1),43-58 (2008) @No $ @ @ Njoroge G.N., Traditional Medicinal Plants in Two Urban Areas in Kenya (Thika and Nairobi): Diversity of traded species and conservation concerns, Ethno. Res.  App., (9), 329-338 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dwivedi S., Dwivedi A.  and Dwivedi S.N., Folk Lore Uses of Some Plants by the Tribes of Madhya Pradesh with Special Reference to Their Conservation, Ethno. Leaflet., (12), 763-71 (2008) @No $ @ @ Rahmatullah M., Islam R., Kabir Z., Rashid H., Jahan R. and Begum R., Folk Medicinal Practices in Vasu Bihar Village, Bogra District, Bangladesh, American-Eurasian J.  Sust. Agric.,  4(1), 86-93 (2010) @No $ @ @ Wazir S.M., Dasti A.A. and Shah J., Common medicinal plants of Chapursan valley, Gojal II, Gilgit, Pakistan, J. Res. Sci., 15(1), 41-43  (2004) @No $ @ @ Prashant T., Bimlesh K., Mandeep K., Gurpreet K. and Harleen K., A Review on phytochemical screening and extraction, Int. J. Pharm. Sci., (1), 1  (2011) @No $ @ @ Santhi R., Lakshmi G., Priyadharshini A.M. and Anandaraj L., Phytochemical screening of Nerium oleander leaves and Momordica charantia leaves, Int. Res. J. Pharm.,  2(1), 131-135  (2011) @No $ @ @ Dyana J.P. and Kanchana G., Preliminary phytochemical screening of Cocos nucifera Flowers, Int. J.Curr.Pharma. Res., (4), 35 (2012) @No $ @ @ Poongothai A., Sreena K., Sreejith K., Uthiralingam M. and Annapooran S., Preliminary phytochemicals screening of Ficus racemosa, Int. J. Pharm. Bio Sci.,  (2), 2  (2011) @No $ @ @ Iqbal H, Moneeb U.R., Rehman K., Riaz U., Zia M., Naeem K., Farhat A., Zahoor U. and Sajjad H., Phytochemicals screening and antimicrobial activities of selected medicinal plants of Khyberpakhtunkhwa Pakistan, Africa. J.  Pharm. Pharmacol., 5(6), 746-750 (2011) @No $ @ @ Rajamurugan R., Thirunavukkarasu C., Sakthivel V., Sivashanmugam M. and Raghavan C.M., Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Tecoma stans Flowers, Int. J. Pharma. Bio Sci., 4(2), 124 –130 (2013) @No $ @ @ Roomiani L., Soltani M., Akhondzadeh, Basti A., Mahmoodi A., Taheri M.A. and Yadollahi F., Evaluation of the chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Rosmarinus officinalis, Zataria multiflora, Anethum graveolens and Eucalyptusglobules against Streptococcus iniae; the cause of zoonotic disease in farmed fish, Iranian J. Fish. Sci., 12(3), 702-716 (2013) @No $ @ @ Hodges N., Pharmaceutical applications of microbiological techniques. In: M.E. Aulton, Editor, Pharmaceutics: The Science of Dosage Form Design (2nd ed.), Harcourt Publishers Limited, London, 606 (2002) @No $ @ @ Hadia G., Rubina N.Q., Muhammad A.K., Shazia H.  and Nabila Y., Antibacterial and antifungal activity of different extracts of Datura stramonium (branches and leaves sample), J. Biotec.  Pharm. Res., 3(9), 141-148 (2012) @No $ @ @ Alireza I., Mostafa E. and Mansour B., The Inhibitory Effects of Plant Methanolic Extract of Datura stramonium L. and Leaf Explant Callus Against Bacteria and Fungi ,Global Veter., 4(2), 149-155 (2010) @No $ @ @ Shagal M.H., Modibbo U.U. and Liman A.B., Pharmacological justification for the ethnomedical use of Datura Stramonium stem-bark extract in treatment of diseases caused by some pathogenic bacteria, Int. Res. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2(1), 016-019 (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Seasonal Variation of Physico-Chemical characteristics of Wetlands in the West Garo Hill, Meghalaya, India<#LINE#>D.@Barman,B@Roy,S@Roy<#LINE#>60-65<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-214.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Goalpara College, Assam, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, Goalpara College, Assam, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Assam, INDIA <#LINE#>30/9/2014<#LINE#>17/11/2014<#LINE#>Eleven physico – chemical parameters of wetlands in West Garo Hill, Meghalaya were recorded in different seasons for two years to assess the quality status of water. The parameters were water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen(DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved solid (TDS), total hardness, nitrate(NO) and phosphate (PO4  ). The wetlands of west Garo Hill were found to be highly fluctuates with season. The wetlands did not showed significant difference between the two years. The water showed slightly alkalinity. DO was found normal as prescribed by WHO. COD and TSS were found beyond the permissible limit. The BOD was slightly higher than permissible limit indicates that though the water of wetlands are not polluted at present but it is going to be polluted. Pesticides, chemical fertilizers did not showed affect on water quality.<#LINE#> @ @ APHA,Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 19th edition. American Water Works Association, Washington, DC. (1998 ) @No $ @ @ Trivedi R.K. and Goel P.K, Chemical and biological methods for water pollution studies, Envirtl. l Pub., Kard, India, 1-215 (1984) @No $ @ @ Kannan V. and Job S.V., Diurnal depth-wise and seasonal changes of physico-chemical factors in Sathiar reservoir, Hydrobiologia, 70(1-2), 103-117 (1979) @No $ @ @ Chaturbhuj M., Sisodia R., Kulshreshtha Manoj and Bhatia A.LA, Case Study of The Jamwa Ramgarh Wetland With Special Reference To Physico-Chemical Properties of Water And Its Environs, J. Env. Hydr., 12(24),  (2004) @No $ @ @ Mishra R.R., Rath B. and Thatoi H.; Water Quality Assessment of Aquaculture Ponds Located in  hitarkanika Mangrove Ecosystem, Orissa, India, Turkish J. of Fish and Aqua. Sci., 8, 71-77  (2008) @No $ @ @ Arya S., Kumar V., Raikwar M., Dhaka A. and Minakshi,  Physico-chemical Analysis of Selected Surface Water Samples of Laxmi Tal (Pond) in Jhansi City, UP,  Bundelkhand Region, Central India Jou. of Exptl.l Sci., 2(8), 01-06 (2011) @No $ @ @ Sharma M.S., Sharma L.L. and Durve V.S, Eutrophication of Lake Pichhola in Udaipur, Rajasthan. Poll. Res., 3(2), 39-44 (1984) @No $ @ @ Tara J.S., Kour R. and Sharma S.,Studies on the occurrence and seasonal abundance of aquatic coleopteran in relation to some physicochemical parameters of water of Gharana wetland Wetland reserve Jammu (J and K), The Bioscan., 6(2), 257-261 (2011) @No $ @ @ Dutta O.K. and Bhagawati S., KLimnology of Ox-bow Lake of Assam, NSL, 3-8, 79, 157-165 (2007) @No $ @ @ Hulyal S.B. and Kaliwal B.B., Seasonal Variations in Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Almatti Reservoir of Bijapur district, Karnataka State, IJEP .1(1)58-67 (2011) @No $ @ @ Ramulu N.K. and Benarjee G., Physicochemical factors influenced plankton biodiversity and fish  bundance- A case study of Andhra Pradesh, Int. J. Lifesc. Bt. And Pharm. Res.,(2013) @No $ @ @ WHO, Guidelines for drinking water quality Vol.9.Surveillance and control of community supplies. World Health Organization, Geneva, (1999) @No $ @ @ Prasad B.N., Jaitly Y.C. and Singh Y., Periodicity and interrelationships of physicchemical factors in pond. Proc. Nat. Symp. Pure and Applied Limnology (ed Adoni A.D.), Bull. Bot. Soc. Sagar, 32, 1-11 (1985) @No $ @ @ Hazelwood D.H. and Parker R.A.,Population dynamics of some freshwater zooplankton, J. Ecology, 42, 266-274 (1961) @No $ @ @ Abir shib, Seasonal Variations in Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Rudrasagar Wetland-A Ramsar Site, Tripura, North East, India, Res J. Chem. Sci., 4(1), 31-41 (2014) @No $ @ @ Yadavi P., Yadavi V.K., Yadavi A. K. and Khare P.K., Physico-Chemical Characteristics of a Fresh Water Pond of Orai, U.P., Central India, Octa J. Biosci., 1(2), 177-184 (2013) @No $ @ @ Prasannakumari A.A., Ganagadevi T. and Sukeshkumar C.P, Surface water quality of river Neyyar- Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Poll Res., 22(4),515-525 (2003) @No $ @ @ Adakole J.A., The effects of domestic, agricultural and industrial effluents on the water quality and biota of Bindare stream, Zaria – Nigeria. Phd Thesis, Department Of Biological Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, 256 (2000) @No $ @ @ Verma P.U., Purohit A.R. and Patel N.J, Pollution Status of Chandlodia Lake Located In Ahmedabad Gujarat, IJERA, 1600-1606 (2012) @No $ @ @ Parikh Ankita N. and Mankodi P.C, Limnology of Sama Pond, Vadodara City, Gujarat, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(1), 16-21 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dhamija S.K. and Yatis Jain, Studies of water quality index at Jabalpur (MP)., Pollu. Res., 14930, 341-346 (1995) @No $ @ @ Nagraj M, Nagraju D and Balasubramaniyam, Ground water quality of Mandya Taluk, Karnataka, India, J. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Monit.,15920, 169-178 (2005) @No $ @ @ Gulbhile D. Vidya, Seasonal variation in physic- chemical characteristics of ground water at parli-vaijinath, Marathwada, J. Ecobiology,32(2), 113-116 ( 2013) @No $ @ @ Kumar A., Observation on the diel variations in abiotic and biotic components of the river Mayurrakshi (Santal Pargana), Bihar, Indian.  J. Ecol., 22(1)39-43 (1995) @No $ @ @ Naik S. and Purohit K.M., Physicochemical analysis of some community ponds of Rourkela, I.J.E.P., (9), 679-684 (1996) @No $ @ @ Kaur H., Bath K.S., Mandar G. and Jerath N., Physicochemical status of Kanjli wetland (Punjab-India), Journal of Environment and pollution, 7(1),39-42 (2000) @No $ @ @ Nair M.S. Rajendran,  Seasonal variations of physicochemical factors and its impact on the ecology of a village pond at Imala (Vidisha), J. Ecobiol, 12(1), 21-27 (2002) @No $ @ @ Pathak N.B. and Mankodi P.C., Hydrological status of Danteshwar pond, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, I Res. J. Environ. Sci., 2(1), 43-48 (2013) @No $ @ @ Chourasia S.K. and Adoni A.,  DZooplankton dynamics in a shallow eutrophic lake, Proc. Nat. Symp. Pure Appl. Limnology Bot. Soc., Sagar (MP), India, 32, 30-39 (1985) @No $ @ @ Kaur H., Dhillon S.S., Bath K.S. and Mandar G., Interrelationships between physicochemical factors at Harike wetland (Punjab-India), Journal of Environment and pollution, 4(3),237- 240 (1997) @No $ @ @ Khurshid S. Zaheeruddin and Basheer A., Pollution assessment and water quality status in parts of Cochin, I.J.E.P., 18(4, 246-249 (1997) @No
<#LINE#>Genetic Relationship between the Muscids Using RAPD-PCR as marker<#LINE#>S.@Malviya,R.R.@Tewari,U.R.@Agrawal<#LINE#>66-70<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-216.pdf<#LINE#>Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, UP, INDIA @ Department of Zoology, C.M.P. Degree College, Allahabad, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>30/9/2014<#LINE#>16/11/2014<#LINE#>Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) markers have become the most common yardsticks to study genetic relatedness and to resolve intra and inter-specific relationship in many insect groups. In the present study, RAPD-PCR has been used to infer genetic relationship between the two muscid species i.e., housefly Musca domestica (L.) and pepper fruit fly Atherigona orientalis. Genomic DNA from the two species were extracted and PCR amplified using twenty arbitrary decamer primers which produced 127 reproducible and scorable bands ranging from 121bp to 2568bp. Genetic identity between the two species was calculated using Tools for population genetic analysis(TFPGA) software. High values of Genetic identity (0.680) display close relationship between the two species. <#LINE#> @ @ Ferreira M.J.M. and Lacerda P.V., Muscóides sinantrópicos associados ao lixo urbano em Goiânia, GO. Rev. Bras. Zool., 10, 185-195 (1993) @No $ @ @ Scott J.G., Liu N., Kristensen M. and Clark A.G., A case for sequencing of the genome of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)., J. Med. Entomol., 46(2), 175-182 (2009) @No $ @ @ Greenberg B., Flies and disease. Ecology, Classification and biotic associations New Jersey: Univ. Press Princeton., 1 (1970) @No $ @ @ Greenberg B., Flies and disease, Biology, disease transmission New Jersey : Univ. Press Princeton, 2, (1973) @No $ @ @ Welsh J. and McClelland M., Fingerprinting genomes using PCR with arbitrary primers, Nucleic Acids Res., 18(24), 7213-7218 (1990) @No $ @ @ Infante-Malachias M.E., Yotoko K.S.C. and Azeredo-Espin A.M.L., Random amplified polymorphic DNA of screwworm fly populations (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from Southeastern Brazil and Northern Argentina, Genome, 40, 772-779 (1999) @No $ @ @ Brito L.G., Regitano L.C.A., Huacca M.E.F., Carrilho E., Paes M.J. and Borja G.E., Genotype characterization of the Haematobia irritans (Diptera : Muscidae) from Brazil, Dominican Republic and Colombia based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaria, 17(4), 179-184 (2008) @No $ @ @ Skoda S.R, Figarola J.L., Pornkulwat S. and Foster J.E., Inter- and intra-specific identification of the screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax, using random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction,  J. Insect Sci., 13(76), 1-15 (2013) @No $ @ @ Vasconcelos S.M., Campos A.P.S. Franco M.M. andGoulart Filho L.R., Selecao de primers RAPD para characterizacao de divergencia genetica intrapopulational em Haematobia irritans. Arquivos Instituto Biologico., 71, 1-749 (2004) @No $ @ @ Castiglioni L. and Bicudo H.E.M.C. Molecular characterization and relatedness of Haematobia irritans (hornfly) populations, by RAPD-PCR. Genetica, 124, 11-21(2005) @No $ @ @ Bajpai N. and Tewari R.R. Genetic characterization of sarcophagid flies by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA- Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR), Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett., 33, 3-4 (2010) @No $ @ @ Malviya S., Bajpai N. and Tewari R.R. Genetic Relatedness among three populations of housefly, Musca domestica L. using RAPD - PCR marker, Int. J. Pharm. BioSci.,2(4), 198-204 (2011) @No $ @ @ Malviya S., Bajpai N. and Tewari R.R. RAPD-PCR Based genetic relationship of muscid flies (Diptera: Muscidae), Int. J. Pharma and BioSci., 3(3), 1018-1024 (2012) @No $ @ @ Xu M., Sun S., Wang R. and Li S. Genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships among six populations of corn borers in China, Biochem.Genetics., 36, 289-297 (1998) @No $ @ @ Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F. and Maniatis T. Molecular cloning. A laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, p. 6.3-6.34. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York (1989) @No $ @ @ Miller M.P. Tools for population genetic analysis (TFPGA) (http://bioweb.usu.edu/mpmbiol). (1997) @No $ @ @ Nei M. Genetic distance between populations. Am. Nat., 106, 283-292 (1972) @No $ @ @ Chandra G., Saxena A. and Barat A. Genetic diversity of two riverine populations of Eutropiichthys vacha (Hamilton, 1822) using RAPD markers and implications for its Conservation, J. Cell Mol. Biol.,8(2), 77-85 (2010) @No $ @ @ Santos J.M.M., Fraga E.C., Maia J.F. and Tadei W.P. Genetic Diversity in Dengue Mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Amazon Region : Comparative Analysis with Isozymes and RAPD Loci,  Open Trop. Med. J.,11-20 (2011) @No $ @ @ Williams J.G., Kubelik A.R., Livak K.J., Rafalski J.A. and Tingey S.V. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers, Nucleic Acids Res., 18(22), 6531-6535 (1990) @No $ @ @ Williams K.P. and Bartel D.P., PCR product with strands of unequal length, Nucleic Acids Res., 23(20), 4220-4221 (1995) @No $ @ @ Hadrys H., Balick M. and Schierwater B. Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology, Mol. Ecol.,, 55-63 (1992) @No $ @ @ Krafsur E.S., Helm J.M. and Black IV, W.C. Genetic diversity at electrophoretic loci in the house fly, Musca domestica L. Biochem. Genet., 30, 317-328 (1992) @No $ @ @ Szalanski A.L., Taylor D.B. and Peterson II, R.D. Population genetics and gene variation of stable fly populations (Diptera: Muscidae) in Nebraska, J. Med. Entomol., 33, 413-420 (1996) @No $ @ @ McDonald P.T., Hilburn L.R. and King S.E., Genetic similarities among natural populations of the horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae), Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 80, 288-292 (1987) @No $ @ @ Li W.H. and Graur D., Fundamentals of Molecular Evolution, Sunderland, Massachusetts, Sinauer Associates (1991) @No $ @ @ Santos J.M.M., Rodriguez G.A.D., Maia J.F. and Tadei W.P., Variability and genetic differentiation among Anopheles(Ano) intermedius Chagas, 1908 and Anopheles(Ano) mattogrossensis Lutz and Neiva, 1911 (Diptera: Culicidae ) from the Brazilian Amazon, Mem. Inst.Oswaldo. Cruz.,100, 631-637 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sharma A.K., Mendki M.J., Tikar S.N., Chandel K., Sukumaran D., Parashar B.D., Vijay Veer, Agarwal O.P. and Shri Prakash, Genetic variability in the geographical populations of Culex quinquifasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) from India based on random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis,  Acta tropica., 112, 71-76 (2009) @No $ @ @ Haymer D.S., Mei H. and McInnis D.O., Genetic marker analysis of spatial and temporal relationships among existing populations and new infestations of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata), Heredity79, 302-309 (1997) @No $ @ @ Shinonaga S. and Tewari R.R., Record of the muscid flies collected in India, SriLanka and Bangladesh (Diptera, Muscidae), Jap. J. Syst. Entomol., 14(2), 205-251 (2008) @No  
<#LINE#>Seasonal incidence of insects and diseases on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) crop in zoba Anseba<#LINE#>Ahmad@Tufail,Abraham@Finan,Mohammedsaid@Hassen,Nebiat@Welday,Gebrehiwet@Samuel<#LINE#>71-74<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-219.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Plant Protection, Hamelmalo Agricultural College, ERITREA <#LINE#>3/10/2014<#LINE#>20/11/2014<#LINE#>Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is one of the important vegetable crops of Eritrea and many insect pests and diseases infest the crop from germination up to harvesting. The field trail was conducted at Hamelmalo Agricultural College in okra crop to study the seasonal incidence of pest and diseases. Insects such as aphid, leafhopper, spotted bollworm and dusky cotton bug were noticed on the crop whereas plant diseases like powdery mildew and okra blight infested the crop. The maximum average population of aphids/plant was 143 with (r = 0.452) and its population increased from December to March. The jassid population was non-significantly affected the okra but maximum population (13 leafhoppers/plant) was recorded during February. The maximum number of spotted bollworm was 7 larva?/plant. The dusky bug population was 0.6 and 11 per plant during February and March, respectively. The natural enemies, lady bird beetle and sirphid fly, were recorded but their population were non-significant with (r=0.800) and (r = 0.316) with maximum and minimum temperature. The incidence of powdery mildew and okra blight appeared during February and their severity increased till harvesting period. The overall disease complexes were found 85% per plant. <#LINE#> @ @ Siemonsma J.S., Laculturedugombo (Abelmoschus spp.) legume fruit tropical avec reference special alacoted’ivoire thesis Univ. of Wageningen, the Netherlands, (1982) @No $ @ @ Ministry of Agriculture, Annual vegetable production and consumption in Eritrea, (2008) @No $ @ @ Nayar K.K., Ananthakrishnan T.N. and David B.V., General and Applied Entomology, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi, 589 (1976) @No $ @ @ Berger R.D., Measuring disease intensity, In: Teng, P.S., S.V. Krupa (eds.): Crop Loss Assessment, Proc. E.C. Stakman Commem. Symp. Misc. Publ. 7, Agric. Exp. Stn, 28-31 (1980) @No $ @ @ Anitha K.R., Seasonal incidence and management of sucking pests of okra. M.Sc. dissertation, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad : (2007) @No $ @ @ Patel I.S. and Rote N.B., Seasonal incidence of sucking pest complex of cotton under rainfed condition of southern Gujarat, Gujarat Agric. Univ. Res. J., 21(1),127-129 (1995) @No $ @ @ Jayaswal A.P. and Sundaramurthy V.T., Achievements in insect management in cotton. All India Coordinated Crop Improvement Project Achievements, 117-151 (1992) @No $ @ @ Senapati B. and Mohanty G.B., A note on the population fluctuation of sucking pests on cotton, Madras Agric. J., 67(7), 624-630 (1980) @No $ @ @ Kumar K.K. and Urs K.C.D., Population fluctuation of Earias vitella (Fab.) on okra in relation to abiotic factor, Ind. J. Pl. Protec., 16(2), 137-142 (1988) @No $ @ @ Ahmad S., Gupta S.C., Prakash N. and Mandal S.K., Weather factors and larval population of Earias vitellaFabr. in summer sown okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.), J. Res. Birsa Agri. Univ., 12(2), 215-217 (2000) @No $ @ @ Anjorin S.T., Jolaoso M.A. and Golu M.T., A survey of incidence and severity of pests and diseases of okra Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) and egg plant Solanum melongena L.) in Abuja, Nigeria, American J. Res. Comm., 1(11), 333-349 (2012) @No $ @ @ Anand S. and Anil S., Effect of some weather parameters on the development of powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) in black gram, Pl. Dis. Res., 18(1), 63-64 (2003) @No $ @ @ Singh A.K., Evaluation of fungicides for the control of powdery mildew disease in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), J. Spices and Aromatic Crops 15(2), 123-124 (2006) @No $ @ @ Aust H.J. and Jurgen H.H., Microclimate in relation to epidemics of powdery mildew, Ann. Rev. Phtopathol., 29, 144-145 (1986) @No $ @ @ Dinesh B.M., Studies on powdery mildew of sunflower caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. M.Sc. thesis submitted in Drawad Agri. Univ., 1-86 (2009) @No
<#LINE#>Assessment of Seasonal Ambient Air Quality under influence of Coal Based Thermal Power Plant Emission around ATPS Chachai, Madhya Pradesh, India<#LINE#>TripathiAshok@Kumar,M.K.@Bhatnagar,Neetesh@Vyash<#LINE#>75-81<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-242.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Pt. SNS Govt. PG College Shahdol, MP, 484001, INDIA <#LINE#>29/11/2014<#LINE#>31/12/2014<#LINE#>Current research work is aimed for assessment of ambient air quality of Chachai region. The objective of the study is to know the effect of coal based thermal power plant emission on air quality in the vicinity of Amarkantak Thermal Power plant. The monitoring and estimation of Particulate Matter (i.e. PM10 and PM2.5), SOx and NOx was done in three consecutive seasons. Significant variation was observed in distribution of particulate matter, as the concentration of PM10varied from 66µg/M (min.) to 129µg/M (max.) while PM2.5 was record 26µg/M (min) to78µg/M (max.). The higher particulate in summer is the result of enhanced dispersion of fugitive dust appends by coal and ash handling activity and in winter can be attributed to low temperature and low wind speed. The lowest concentration during monsoon season may be attributed to washout by rainfall and also due to higher relative humidity, which reduces re–suspension of dust. The SOx ranged between 38µg/M to 98µg/M and NOx from 33µg/M to 94µg/M. Non-functionalizing of water sprinkling system, ESP, Bag filters may also be the active causes for increasing of environmental pollutants in the surrounding area of TPP. After Air samples analysis the results were compared with Maximum permissible limit as per Guidelines provided by Central Pollution Control Board new Delhi (CPCB) for National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) 2009. The collected data were statistically analysed with Pearson Correlation Matrix for examining the effects of Environmental Pollutants on Ambient Air Quality at site. The analysis was performed for seasonal alteration and overall annual interactions on different parameters.<#LINE#> @ @ Agarwal M, Effects of air pollution on agriculture: An issue of national concern, Natl. Acad. Sci., Lett.,28(3&4), 93-105(2005) @No $ @ @ Chauhan A Sanjeev, Impact of dust pollution on photosynthetic pigments of some selected trees grown at nearby of stone crushers, Environment Conservation Journal, 9(3), 11-13, (2008) @No $ @ @ Omer A.M., Energy, environment and sustainable development. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 12, 2265–2300, (2008) @No $ @ @ Nayak R., Biswal D. and Sett R., Biochemical changes in some deciduous tree species around Talcher Thermal Power Station, Odisha India, J. Env. Biol., 34, 521-528 (2013) @No $ @ @ Banerjee S.K., Kashyap M.K., Journal of Environmental Studies and Policy 2(2), 117-124 (1999) @No $ @ @ Kaygusuz K., Energy for sustainable development: A case of developing countries. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 16, 1116–1126, (2012) @No $ @ @ Veziroglu T.N. and Sahin S., 21st Century’s energy: Hydrogen energy system. Energy Conversion and Management 49, 1820–1831, (2008) @No $ @ @ Franco A. and Diaz A.R., The future challenges for "clean coal technologies" Joining efficiency increase and pollutant emission control. Energy 34, 348–354, (2009) @No $ @ @ CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board), National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), under Gazette Notification B-29016/20/90/PCI-1, New Delhi, (2009) @No $ @ @ Pandey Bhanu, Madhoolika Agrawal and Siddharth Singh, Assessment of air pollution around coal mining area: Emphasizing on spatial distributions, seasonal variations and heavy metals, using cluster and principal component analysis, Atmospheric Pollution Research 5, 7986, (2014) @No $ @ @ Wilson W.E. and Suh H.H., Fine particles and coarse particles: Concentration relationships relevant to epidemiologic studies, Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association 47, 1238-249, (1997) @No $ @ @ Visuvasam D., Selvaraj P. and Sekar S., “Influence of Coal Properties on Particulate emission control in Thermal Power Plants in India”. Proceedings in Second International Conference on Clean Coal Technologies for our Future (CCT 2005), Sardinia, Italy, (2005) @No $ @ @ Li S.P., Matthews J. and Sinha A., Atmospheric hydroxyl radical production from electronically excited NO2 and HO, Science,319, 1657–1660, (2008) @No $ @ @ Atkins D.H.F. and Lee D.S., Spatial and temporal variation of rural nitrogen dioxide concentrations across the United Kingdom, Atmospheric Environment, 29, 223-39, (1995) @No
<#LINE#>Effect of Gamma Radiation on Chromosome at Mitotic Division in Phlox drummondii<#LINE#>Ramesh@Ahirwar,R.C.@Verma<#LINE#>82-85<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJBS-2014-189.pdf<#LINE#>School of Studies in Botany, Vikram University, Ujjain, INDIA <#LINE#>4/8/2014<#LINE#>22/11/2014<#LINE#>The present study was conducted to understanding effects of gamma radiation on mitosis. Seeds of Phlox drummondii were irradiated with five doses viz. 5kR, 10kR, 15 kR, 20kR and 25kR of gamma rays and studied of effects on mitosis.   Various type Chromosomal aberrations were displayed like, dicentric, tricentric, translocation, deletion, fragment, ring, minute, bridge and micronucleus in treated root tip mitosis. Chromosomal aberrations were found to be correlated with dose. The maximum frequency of Chromosomal abnormalities was in 25kR.  <#LINE#> @ @ www.rerf.jp/radefx/late_e/chromoab.html (2007) @No $ @ @ Kovacs  E.  and Keresztes A., Effect of Gamma and UV-B/C radiation on plat cells, Micron,33, 199-210 (2002) @No $ @ @ Tripathi R. and Kumar G., Comparative Effect of Aging and Gamma Irradiation on the Somatic cells of Lathyrus sativum L, Central European Agriculture, 11, 437-442 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kihlman B.A. and Anderson H.C., Root tips of Vicia fabafor the study of the induction of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges,  Handbook of Mutagenicity test procedures, Publisher Elsevier Science, 2, 531-554 (1984) @No $ @ @ Goyal  S.  and Khan S.A., Comparative Study of Chromosomal Aberrations in Vigna mungo Induced by Ethylmethane Sulphonate and Hydrazine Hydrate,  Thai. J.  Agri.  Scie.,  42, 177-182 (2009) @No $ @ @ Verma R.C. and Raina S.N., Phlox drummondii in the study of radiation induced chromosomal aberrations, The Nucleus, 23, 176-184 (1980) @No $ @ @ Alexader  P., Atomic radiation and life, Pelican Book, London, 60-65 (1957) @No $ @ @ Dhamayanthi  K.P.M. and Reddy V.R.K., Cytogenetic effect of Gamma rays and Ethylmethane sulphonate in chili pepper (Capsicum annum L.), Cytologia,65, 129-133 (2000) @No $ @ @ Verma R.C. and Chandel S., Annual Chrysanthemum: Anew and novel material for the study of radiation induced Chromosomal aberrations at Mitosis, Cytologia,59, 339-343 (1994) @No $ @ @ Verma R.C., Kuller S. and Sharma R., Induced chromosomal aberration in diploid and colchiploids Phlox drummondii, Phytomorphology,48, 115-120 (1998) @No $ @ @ Verma, R.C.  and Sharma, R.,  Radiation induced cytological change in Phlox drummondii., J. Cytol & Genet.,1, 33-39, (2000) @No $ @ @ Akhaury  K.D.N. and  Singh  A.K., Effect of Gamma rays on the Seed output of Vicia species, Neo Botanica,1, 63-67 (1993) @No $ @ @ Savage J.R.K., Radiation Induced Chromosomal Aberration in the plant Tradescantia: Dose response curves, Radiation Botany,15, 87-140 (1975) @No $ @ @ Pillai P.R.U. and Verma R.C., A Comparison of Induced Chromosomal Aberrations in Vicia faba and Phlox drummondii,J. Cytol. and Genet., 3, 17-23 (1992) @No