@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Serum Zinc levels in Children with Growth failure in Kerman province, Iran<#LINE#>Vahidi@AliAsghar,Honarmand@Amin,Arjomandi@Amirnezam,Farahmandinia@Zahra,Torabinejad@MohammadHossein<#LINE#>1-5<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-187.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Pediatrics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IRAN <#LINE#>29/7/2013<#LINE#>23/11/2013<#LINE#>Zinc deciency is a common dietary problem of children in many less-developed countries where diets have low levels of elements. The aim  of  the  present case-control experiment  was  to  determine  whether  there  was  any  change  in serum zinc concentration in children in growth retardation (n=82) and healthy group (n=82)  with different status in Kerman city (Kerman, Iran). In the growth failure group, 49 children (29.9 %) had trivial malnutrition, 31 children (18.9 %) had moderate malnutrition, and 2 children (1.2 %) had severe malnutrition. Serum zinc between one-five year old children of healthy group was significant in compared with one-five year old children of growth failure. Serum zinc among healthy children (mean ± SD: 57.44 ± 8.62) in comparison with mild growth failure (mean ± SD: 46.33 ± 8.18), moderate growth failure (mean ± SD: 37.19 ± 5.28), and severe growth failure (mean ± SD: 29.5 ± 6.36) were significant. Also, Serum zinc among mild growth failure compared with moderate growth failure, and severe growth failure were significant. Serum zinc levels in children that had history of infection disease; diarrhea and breastfeeding were significant compared with healthy children. Serum zinc levels in children that kept at nursery school were significant compared with children that kept at home. Conclusion: results of this experiment showed that there was considerable difference in the levels of zinc between growth retardation and healthy children in different status.  According to the problems that caused zinc deficiency, families and societies need preventive and curative actions to solve these deficiencies.  <#LINE#> @ @ Angelova M., Nedkova V., Yordanova-Laleva P., Nicoloff G. and Alexiev A., Levels of Serum Zinc in Children with Enterocolitis and Chronic Malabsorption  Syndrome,  Labmedicine, 37(5), 283-285 (2006) @No $ @ @ Vivienne I., Elizabeth O., Uchenna O. and Uju E., Assessment of anthropometric indices, iron and zinc status of preschoolers in a peri-urban community in south east Nigeria, International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 12(5), 31-37 (2012) @No $ @ @ Tuormaa T.E., Adverse Effects of Zinc Deficiency, A Review from the Literature, Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine, 10, 146-164 (1995) @No $ @ @ Ackland M.L, Michalczyk A., Zinc Deficiency and Its Inherited Disorders : A Review, Genes & Nutrition, , 41-50 (2006) @No $ @ @ Hambidge M., Human zinc deficiency, Journal of Nutrition, 130, 1344S–1349S (2000) @No $ @ @ Saini S., and Davar V., Calcium Content of Locally and Commonly Consumed Foods of Kurukshetra, Haryana, India, International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(8), 1-6, (2012) @No $ @ @ Yanagisawa H., Zinc Deciency and Clinical Practice, The Japan Medical Association Journal, 47(8), 359–364 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rathore J.S. and Mohit U.,  Investigation of Zinc Concentration in Some Medicinal Plant Leaves Rathore J.S. and Upadhyay Mohit, Research Journal of Pharmacutical Sciences, 2(1), 15-17 (2013) @No $ @ @ Singh G.A, Bedi M.K., and Siddhique Z., A study over pattern of Zinc Tolerance among Rhizobial isolates of Trifoliumalexandrinum, International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(7), 12-18 (2013) @No $ @ @ Barman B. and Barua S.,  Spectrophotometric determination of zinc in blood serum of diabetic patients using bis-[2,6-(2 ´-hydroxy-4´-sulpho-1´ -napthylazo)] pyridine disodium salt, Archives of Applied Science Research, 1(1), 74-83 (2009) @No $ @ @ Raqib R., Roy S.K., Rahman M.J., Azim T., Ameer S.S., Chisti J. and Andersson J., Effect of zinc supplementation on immune and inflammatory responses in pediatric patients with shigellosis,  Am. 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<#LINE#>Courtship Behaviour, Brood Characteristics and Embryo Development in Three Spotted Seahorse, Hippocampus trimaculatus (Leach, 1814)<#LINE#>A.P.@Lipton,M.@Thangaraj<#LINE#>6-10<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-212.pdf<#LINE#>Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Vizhinjam Research Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Vizhinjam, Thiruvananthapuram- 695 521, Kerala, INDIA @ Centre for Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai- 608 502, Tamilnadu, INDIA<#LINE#>14/8/2013<#LINE#>17/9/2013<#LINE#>The three spotted seahorse, Hippocampus trimaculatus is one of the important species being sold in Chinese market. In India, this species is mainly distributed along the south Indian coast, especially in the southeast and west coast.  In southwest coast of India, this is the dominant species (79.68%) followed by H. kuda (9.89%), H. kelloggi (8.33%) and H. fuscus (2.08%). Hippocampus trimaculatus has very sharp hook-like cheek and eye spines; quite flat in appearance; narrow head; no nose spine. Colour pattern is golden orange, sandy coloured or totally black; may have large dark spots on the dorso-lateral surface of the first, fourth and seventh trunk ring and it can be easily distinguished from other seahorse species. During this study in captive condition the eggs of H. trimaculatus were ovoid in shape with one end slightly tapered, 2.12 ± 0.019 mm long, 1.97 ± 0.045 mm wide and 2.94 ± 0.3 mg in weight, with numerous bright orange/ red fat globules. The observed brood size was 389 ± 56.11. The newly expelled baby’s length was 7.00 ± 0.05 mm and weight was 0.97 ± 0.08 mg. Three distinct embryonic stages such as yolk sac larva, term embryo and youngone were observed during their development. <#LINE#> @ @ Dawson C.E., Fishes of the Western Atlantic. Family Syngnathidae. The pipefishes. 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<#LINE#>Looking for isoforms of enzymes related to in vitro morphogenesis in Nicotiana tabacum L.<#LINE#>M.@Sultana,G.@Gangopadhyay<#LINE#>11-16<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-215.pdf<#LINE#>Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, 93/1 APC Road, Kolkata – 700009, INDIA<#LINE#>21/8/2013<#LINE#>2/9/2013<#LINE#>Peroxidase (PRX, E.C.1.11.1.7), Esterase (EST, E.C.3.1.1.1), Acid Phosphatase (ACP, E.C.3.1.3.2), -Amylase (E.C.3.2.1.1) and Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH, EC 1.1.1.37) enzymes were studied through native activity gel electrophoresis in three in vitro developmental stages (non regenerating callus, regenerating callus and leaves of regenerated plantlets) of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to look for up- or down regulation of specific isoforms by densitometry scanning to correlate with changing developmental stage. Certain isoforms of Peroxidase, Esterase and Acid Phosphatase, were found to be either up- or down regulated in the course of dedifferentiation, while two other enzymes, viz. -Amylase and Malate Dehydrogenase showed little alteration in activity in the three developmental stages under study. <#LINE#> @ @ Georg-Kraemer J.E. and Cavalli S.S., Structural and regulatory differences in Amylase isoenzymes in germinating Brazilian barley cultivars, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 26, 69-75 (2003) @No $ @ @ Bouche N. and Bouchez D., Arabidopsis gene knockout: phenotypes wanted, Current Opinion Plant Biol., 4, 111-117 (2001) @No $ @ @ Marhavy P., Bielach A., Abas L., Abuzeineh A., Duclercq J., Tanaka H., Pa_rezova M., Petra´sek J., Ji_r´ Friml, J.,  Kleine-Vehn J., and Benkova´ E., Cytokinin modulates endocytic Trafficking of PIN1 auxin efflux carrier to control plant organogenesis, Dev. Cell, 21, 796–804 (2011) @No $ @ @ Holtorf H., Guitton M.C. and Reski R., Plant Functional Genomics, Naturwissenschaften, 89, 235-249 DOI 10.1007/s00114-002-0321-3 (2002) @No $ @ @ Gamborg O.L. and Phillips G.C., Plant cell, tissue and organ culture – fundamental methods, Heidelberg, New York, Springer-Verlag (1995) @No $ @ @ Murashige T. and Skoog F., A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures, Physiol. Plant., 15, 473 – 497 (1962) @No $ @ @ Wetter L. and Dyck, J. Isozyme analysis of cultured cells and somatic hybrids. In: Evans, D.A., Sharp, W.R., Ammirato, P.V. and Yamada, Y., (eds.) Handbook of Plant Cell Culture, 1, Macmillam Publishing Co., NY, 607–627 (1983) @No $ @ @ Lowry O.H., Rosebrough N.J., Farr A.L. and Randall R.J., Protein measurements with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193, 265–275 (1951) @No $ @ @ Laemmli U.K., Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4, Nature,227, 680-685 (1970) @No $ @ @ Das S. and Mukherjee K.K., Morphological and biochemical investigations on Ipomoea seedlings and their species interrelationships, Ann. Bot., 79, 565-571 (1997) @No $ @ @ Gangopadhyay G., Bandyopadhyay T., Modak B.K., Wongpornchai S., Mukherjee K.K., Micropropagation of Indian pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.), a rich source of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, Curr. Sc., 87, 1589-1592 (2004) @No $ @ @ Roy S.K., Gangopadhyay G., Bandyopadhyay T., Modak B.K., Datta S. and Mukherjee K.K., Enhancement of in vitro micro corm production in Gladiolus using alternative matrix, African J. Biotech., , 1204-1209 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kay L.E. and Basile D.V., Specific Peroxidase isoenzymes are correlated with organogenesis, Plant Physiol., 84, 99-105 (1987) @No $ @ @ Krsnik-Rasol M., Peroxidase as a developmental marker in plant tissue culture, International J. Developmental Biol., 35, 259-263 (1991) @No $ @ @ Marimuthu J. and Antonisamy, A., Somaclonal variation studies on Phyllanthusamarus Schum and Thonn, Iranian J. Biotech., , 240-245 (2007) @No $ @ @ Carrillo-Castañeda G. and Mata A., Succession of Esterase and Peroxidase Isozymes associated with the in vitroSugarcane tissue dedifferentiation and shoot induction, Biotecnología Aplicada, 17, 225-230 (2000) @No $ @ @ Panigrahi J., Behera M., Maharana S. and Mishra R.R., Biomolecular changes during in vitro organogenesis of Asteracantha longifolia (L.) Nees – A medicinal herb, Indian J. Experimental Biology, 45, 911 – 919 (2007) @No $ @ @ Duff, S.M.G., Sarath, G. and Plaxton, W.C., The role of Acid Phosphatases in plant phosphorus metabolism, Physiol. Plant., 90, 791-800 (1994) @No $ @ @ Ding, Y. and Ma, Q.H., Characterization of a cytosolic malate dehydrogenase cDNA which encodes an isozyme toward oxaloacetate reduction in wheat, Biochimie, 86, 509-518 (2004) @No
<#LINE#>Minerals, Vitamins and Phytochemical Profile of Gongronema latifolium: Indices for Assessement of its Free Radical Scavenging, Nutritional, and Antinutritional Qualities<#LINE#>V.H.A.@Enemor,O.J.@Nnaemeka,C.J.@Okonkwo<#LINE#>17-21<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-216.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NIGERIA @ Department of Human Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, NIGERIA<#LINE#>24/8/2013<#LINE#>28/9/2013<#LINE#>Gongronema latifolium (Utazi) leaf, widely used (especially in the South-East of Nigeria) as spice and vegetable, was analysed to ascertain its potentials for free radical scavenging and nutritional relevance. Various parameters analysed include secondary metabolites (phytochemicals), vitamins and minerals. Appropriate phytochemical methods were used to determine the different phytochemical compounds. Vitamin analyses were carried out by colorimetric and titration methods as appropriate while minerals were determined by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, and saponins were substantially present while tannins, phytic acid, and oxalate were of insignificant concentrations. Among the vitamins, ascorbic acid was of the highest concentration (15.84 ± 0.12 mg/100g) followed by vitamin A (2.81 ± 0.01 mg/100g). The concentrations of other vitamins were rather insignificant. Heavy metasl were virtually absent from the sample while other essential minerals assayed were reasonably present with magnesium having the highest value of 14.00 ± 0.01ppm followed by manganese, calcium, iron, sodium and potassium with 10.10 ± 0.23ppm, 9.34 ± 0.00ppm, 5.90 ± 0.05ppm, 3.89 ± 0.00ppm, and 2.13 ± 0.01ppm, respectively. The concentrations of the rest were insignificant. Gongronema latifolium thus possess sufficient active principles that confirm it as an important medicinal vegetable with rich free radical scavenging properties. It is also rich in vitamins and nutritionally essential minerals. <#LINE#> @ @ Eleyinmi A.F.,Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Gongronema latifolium,Zhejiang Univ. Sci., 8,352–358 (2007) @No $ @ @ Adeleye I.A., Omadime M.E. and Daniels F.V.,  Antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extracts of Gongronema latifolium Decne on bacterial isolates from blood stream of HIV infected patients, J. 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Res.,3(11), 5151–5156 (2012) @No $ @ @ Aberoumand A.,  Screening of phytochemical and antinutrients compounds ofeight food plants sources, World  J. Sci. Tech.1(4), 49–53 (2011) @No $ @ @ Esenwah C.N. and Ikenebomeh M.J., Processing Effects on the Nutritional and Anti- Nutritional contents of African Locust Bean (Parkia biglobosa Benth) Seed,  Pak. J. Nutr.,7(2), 214 – 217 (2008) @No $ @ @ Prakash D. and Gupta K.R., The antioxidant phytochemicals of nutraceutical importance, The Open Nutraceuticals  J., 2, 20 – 35 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kim D.O. and Lee C.Y., Comprehensive study on vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) of various polyphenolics in scavenging a free radical and its structural relationship, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr., 44, 253–73 (2004) @No $ @ @ Lee S.H., Oe T. and Bliar I.A., Vitamin C induced decomposition of lipid hydroperoxides to endogenous genotoxins, Science,292, 2083–2086 (2001) @No
<#LINE#>To evaluate Lab scale Cultivation of Spirulina by using different substrates and to Evaluate its Chlorophyll and Protein content<#LINE#>Joshi@Mahavir,Kaur@Kiranjot,@TulikaMishra,Sanpreet@Singh<#LINE#>22-30<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-221.pdf<#LINE#> Biotechnology Department, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, INDIA<#LINE#>29/8/2013<#LINE#>17/9/2013<#LINE#>Spirulina is a multicellular, filamentous, free floating cyanobacterium or photosynthetic blue green algae. Spirulina has been so popular in the world due to its high nutritional contents. As it contains chlorophyll ‘a’, like higher plants botanist classify it as micro algae belonging to Cyanophyceae class; but according to bacteriologists it is a bacterium due to its prokaryotic structure. Mexicans started using this microorganism as human food. The nutritional status of cultured Spirulina suggested that the biomass of Spirulina is nutritionally rich in protein. Cyanobacterium Spirulina is proficient to cultivate in a variety of culture media. The present investigation is carried out to evaluate the lab scale cultivation of Spirulina by using different substrates like cheese whey, cow urine, rain water and tube well water. Also it is evaluated for its chlorophyll and protein content. Different concentration gradients of the substrates i.e. cheese whey, cow urine, rain water and tube well water ranges from 10-1 to 10-6 with ZARROUK’S medium were analyzed for Spirulina growth at pH 9.5 ± 2, temperature 30°C ± 2 and photo-period of 10-12 hours. Spirulina was successfully cultivated by using different substrates and maximum chlorophyll and protein content was founded. The results indicate the potentiality of all the four substrates to provide nutrients to culture medium that reduces its valuable cost and make it a cheaper and economic medium to cultivate Spirulina. <#LINE#> @ @ Mishra T., Joshi M., Singh S., Jain P., Kaur R., Ayub S., Kaur K., Spirulina: The Beneficial Algae, Int. J  App. Micro. Sci., 2(3), 21-35 (2013) @No $ @ @ Habib M., Parvin., Mashuda., Hasan., Mohammed., A review on culture, production and use of Spirulina as  food for humans and feeds for domestic animals and fish, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy (2008) @No $ @ @ Ruiz R. L., Espirulina: Estudos E Trabalhos, São Paulo: Roca, 296 (2003) @No $ @ @ www.algaecompetition.com/PDF.cfm/SpirulinaAIMReport.pdf (2013) @No $ @ @ Pandey J.P. and Tiwari A., Optimization of Biomass Production of Spirulinamaxima, J Algal Biomass Utill.,1(2), 20- 32 (2010) @No $ @ @ Zhang X., Large scale cultivation of Spirulina in China: Today And Tomorrow, Biosystem Stud., 1(1), 66-73 (1998) @No $ @ @  Gami B., Naik A., Patel B., Cultivation of Spirulinaspecies in different liquid media, J. Algal Biomass Utln., 2 (3), 15– 26 (2011) @No $ @ @ Tadros M.G., Characterization of Spirulina Biomass for cells Diet Potential, App.  Biochem.  Biotech.,  51/52( 1), 275-281 (1988) @No $ @ @ Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L.,  Randall R J., Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent, J. Biol. Chem.,193(1), 265-275 (1951) @No $ @ @ www.etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/bitstream/123456789/2168/1/Muhiye%20Endrie.pdf (2013) @No $ @ @ Jain S. and Singh G.S., Low cost medium formulation using cow dung ash for the cultivation of Cyanobacterium: Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis, J. Food Agri., 25 (9), 682-691(2013) @No 
<#LINE#>In vivo Efficacy of some Antibiotics against Bacterial Blight of Pomegranate caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae<#LINE#>R@Lokesh,Erayya,K.M.@Kumaranag,N.Chandrashekar,A.N.A.@Khan<#LINE#>31-35<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-222.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560065, INDIA @ Department of Agricultural entomology, University of Agricultural sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560065, INDIA @ Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560065, INDIA<#LINE#>1/9/2013<#LINE#>26/10/2013<#LINE#>A field trail was conducted in a farmer field at Madhugiri dist. Karnataka state to study the in vivo Efficacy of some Antibiotics Against Bacterial Blight of Pomegranate caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae. Five treatments consisting of antibiotics viz., Streptocycline (500ppm) +COC (0.3%), K-cycline (500ppm) + COC (0.3%), Ampiclox (500ppm) + COC (0.3%), Streptocycline (300ppm) + Ampiclox (500ppm) and Control were sprayed on five plants which form a replication. Among the different antibiotics tested a combination of Streptocycline (300ppm) + Ampiclox (500ppm) was proved to be more effective in reducing the disease incidence and severity with low percentage of leaves infected (3.70), less no of lesions per leaf (0.47), per cent leaf area affected (1.90), number of twigs infected (0.50) and low per cent fruit infection (0.70) followed by Streptocycline (500ppm) +COC (0.3%). <#LINE#> @ @ Chadha, K. L., Pomegranate. In: Handbook of Horticulture(Eds.): Shashi, A. Verma and Somdutt, pp 297, Directorate of Information and Publications of Agriculture, ICAR, New Delhi, 1031 (2001) @No $ @ @ Anonymous, Needed: Shift in policies. Survey of Indian Agriculture, The Hindu, 143-145 (2005) @No $ @ @ d'Herelle F., Sur un microbe invisible antagoniste des bacilles dysentériques. CR. Acad. Sci. Ser. D.,165, 373 (1917) @No $ @ @ Manjula, C. P., Studies on variation among the isolates of Xanthomonas vesicatoria causing bacterial leaf spot of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.).  Ph.D, Thesis,Univ. Agri. Sci., Bangalore, 145 (2005) @No $ @ @ Kiran Kumar, K. C., Molecular characterization of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae causing bacterial blight of pomegranate, its epidemiology and integrated management. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Agri. Sci., Bangalore, 187 (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Colour vision in juvenile African catfish Clarias gariepinus<#LINE#>C.K.@Lee,G.@Kawamura,S.@Senoo,F.F.@Ching,M.@Luin<#LINE#>36-41<#LINE#>7.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-223.pdf<#LINE#>Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA<#LINE#>2/9/2013<#LINE#>17/10/2013<#LINE#>  This study determined colour vision in juvenile Clarias gariepinus by the classical conditioning method. Farmed juveniles about 6 weeks old were presented a pair of green and red plates at the bottom of six aquaria (5 fish per aquarium). In aquaria G1, G2, and G3, the fish were conditioned to associate the green plate with a feed reward, and in R1, R2, and R3, the fish were conditioned to the red plate with feed.  After about 100 conditioning trials, the catfish were tested for colour discrimination by presenting them with the pair of green and red plates without the feed. The catfish showed significant bias for the colour of conditioning—for green in G1, G2, and G3, and for red in R1, R2, and R3 (binomial test, P0.018).  The fish were then tested for brightness discrimination by presenting the color of conditioning together with different shades of grey.  The catfish in G3 and R2 showed significant bias for the colour of conditioning regardless of the brightness of the grey plates (test, P0.05), that is, they clearly discriminated colours based on chromaticity.  On the other hand, (larger) juveniles in aquaria G1, G2, and R1 seemed to discriminate colours based on brightness even as they had color vision. <#LINE#> @ @ FAO, Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme. Clarias gariepinus. Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme, 2005-2012. Text by Rakocy, J.E. In: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department [online], Rome. Updated 18 February 2005, [Cited 11 September 2012](2012) @No $ @ @ Fatollahi M. and Kasumyan A.O., The sensory bases of the feeding behavior of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae, Siluriformes), J. Ichthyol., 46, S161–S172 2006) 3.Kawamura G., Kasedou T., Tamiya T. and Watanabe A., Colour preference of five marine teleosts: bias for natural and yellow-coloured krill in laboratory tanks, sea cage, and earthen pond, Mar. Freshw. Behav. Physiol., 43, 169–182 (2010) @No $ @ @ Dendrinos P., Dewan S. and Thorpe J.P., Improvement in the feeding efficiency of larval, post larval and juvenile Dover sole (Solea solea L.) by the use of staining to improve the visibility of Artemia used as food, Aquaculture, 38, 137–144 (1984) @No $ @ @ El-Sayed A.F.M. and El-Ghobashy A.E., Effects of tank colour and feed colour on growth and feed utilization of thinlip mullet (Liza ramada) larvae, Aquac. Res., 42, 1163–1169 (2011) @No $ @ @ Britt L.L., Loew E.R. and McFarland W.N., Visual pigments in the early life stages of Pacific northwest marine fishes, J. Exp. Biol., 204, 2581–2587 (2001) @No $ @ @ Sillman A.J., Ronan S.J. and Loew E.R., Scanning electron microscopy and microspectrophotometry of the photoreceptors of ictalurid catfishes, J. Comp. Physiol. A., 173, 801–807 (1993) @No $ @ @ Lythgoe J.N. and Partridge C., Visual pigments and the acquisition of visual information, J. Exp. Biol., 146, 1–20 (1989) @No $ @ @ Douglas R. and Wagnerf H.J., Action spectrum of photomechanical cone contraction in the catfish retina, Invest. Ophth. Vis. Sci., 25, 534–538 (1984) @No $ @ @ Martins C.I.M., Trenovski M., Schrama J.W. and Verreth J.A.J., Comparison of feed intake behaviour and stress response in isolated and non-isolated African catfish, J. Fish. Biol., 69, 629–636 (2006) @No $ @ @ Beyer I., Gruppenlernen und einzellernen bei schwarmfischen (Rotfeder; Scardinius erythrophthalmusL.). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., , 245–263 (1976) @No $ @ @ National Research Council, Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (ed.), Washington DC, National Academy Press (1996) @No $ @ @ Marshall N.J., Jones J.P. and Cronin T.W., Behavioural evidence for colour vision in stomatopod crustaceans, J. Comp. Physiol. A., 179, 473–481 (1996) @No $ @ @ Kawamura G., Matsunaga F. and Tanaka Y., Color sense of loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta as determined by discrimination conditioning, Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 68, 542–546 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kelber A., Vorobyev M. and Osorio D., Animal colour vision – behavioural tests and physiological concepts, Biol. Rev., 78, 81–118 (2003) @No $ @ @ Siebeck U.E., Wallis G.M. and Litherland L., Colour vision in coral reef fish, J. Exp. Biol. 211, 354–360 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ramachandran R. and Pearce J.M. Pavlovian analysis of interactions between hunger and thirst, J. Exp. Physiol., Animal Behavior Processes, 13, 187–192 (1987) @No $ @ @ Jacobs G.H., The distribution and nature of colour vision among the mammals, Biol. Rev., 68, 413-471 (1993) @No $ @ @ Rodriguez M.A., Richardson S.E. and Lewis Jr., Nocturnal behavior and aspects of the ecology of a driftwood catfish, Entomocorus ganeroi (Auchenipteridae), Biotropica, 22, 435–438 (1990) @No $ @ @ Pohlmann K., Grasso F.W. and Breithaupt T., Tracking wakes: The nocturnal predatory strategy of piscivorous catfish, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 98, 7371–7374 (2001) @No $ @ @ Weisel G.F. and McLarury E.J., Blind catfish (Ictalurus nebulosus) from Dog Lake, Oregon, Copeia, 1964, 687–689 (1964) @No $ @ @ Rubec P.J., Age, growth, distribution, reproductive behavior, food habits and mercury concentration of the brown bullhead Ichtalurus nebulosus (Le Sueur) in sections of the Ottawa River and Hawkesbury, Canada, M. Sc. Thesis, University of Ottawa (1975) @No $ @ @ Britz P.J. and Pienaar A.G., Laboratory experiments on the effect of light and cover on the behaviour and growth of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae), J. Zool., 227, 43–62 (1992) @No $ @ @ Appelbaum S. and McGeer J.C., Effect of diet and light regime on growth and survival of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) larvae and early juveniles, Aquacult. Nutr., , 157–164 (1998) @No $ @ @ Mukai Y. and Lim L.S., Larval rearing and feeding behavior of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus under dark conditions, J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., , 272–278 (2011) @No $ @ @ Mukai Y., Sanudin N., Firdaus R. F., Saad S., Reduced cannibalistic behavior of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, larvae under dark and dim conditions, Zool. Sci., 30, 421-424 (2013) @No $ @ @ Skelton P.H., A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa, Southern Book Publishers (1993) @No $ @ @ Rueda P.A., Towards assessment of welfare in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus: the first step, Dissertation, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands (2004) @No $ @ @ Kadye W.T., Assessing the impacts of invasive non-native African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus. Dissertation, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa (2011) @No $ @ @ Mukai Y., Tuzan A.D., Lim L.S., Wahid N., Sitti M.S. and Senoo S., Development of sensory organs in larvae of African catfish Clarias gariepinus,J. Fish. Biol., 73, 1648–1661 (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Odonata of Lanao del Sur, Mindanao, Philippines<#LINE#>A.D.@Malawani,N.M.@Ampang-Macabuat,O.M.@Nuñeza,R.J.T.@Villanueva<#LINE#>42-48<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-227.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, A. Bonifacio Ave., Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, PHILIPPINES @ MSU External Units Mindanao State University, Marawi City, PHILIPPINES @ D3C Gahol Apartment, Lopez Jaena St., Davao City 8000, PHILIPPINES <#LINE#>5/9/2013<#LINE#>17/10/2013<#LINE#>Odonata is a good biological indicator species especially on fluvial ecosystems. Good faunistic data is crucial in order to use Odonata for habitat monitoring and conservation purposes. This research aims to determine the species diversity of the Odonata in selected freshwater systems in Lanao del Sur. Sampling using sweep nets and hand catching was done in nine sampling sites. Sampling was conducted on August 26- 31, October 4-6, October 16-17 and December 16, 2012 for a total of 12 sampling days. Forty six species representing the first record for Lanao del Sur Province comprising 27 dragonflies and 19 damselflies were documented. Higher species richness (S=27) was found in the upstream of Malaig River. Moderate species richness was found in eight sampling sites while low species richness was recorded in the lakeshore of Lake Dapao in Barangay Tuka. <#LINE#> @ @ Chovanec A. and Waringer J., Ecological integrity of river-floodplain systems-assessment by dragonfly surveys (Insecta: Odonata), Regulated Rivers: Research and Management, 17, 493-507 (2001) @No $ @ @ Nelson B., Ronayne C. and Thompson R., Ireland Red List No.6: Damselflies & Dragonflies (Odonata), National Parks and Wildlife Service,Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland (2011) @No $ @ @ Abbai S.S. and Sunkad B.N., Effect of Anthropogenic Activities on Zooplankton Population of Sogal Pond, Belgaum District, Karnataka, India, Res.J. Recent Sci., 2(7), 81-83 (2013) @No $ @ @ Patil Shilpa G., Chonde Sonal G., Jadhav Aasawari S. and Raut Prakash D., Impact of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Shivaji University lakes on Phytoplankton Communities, Kolhapur, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(2), 56-60 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kripa P.K., Prasanth K.M., Sreejesh K.K. and Thomas T.P., Aquatic Macroinvertebrates as Bioindicators of Stream Water Quality- A Case Study in Koratty, Kerala, India, Res.J.Recent Sci., 2(1), 217-222 (2013) @No $ @ @ Cayasan R.D., Limitares D.E., Gomid J.V.S., Nuñeza O.M. and Villanueva R.J.T., Species richness of Odonata in selected freshwater systems in Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines, AACL Bioflux, 6(4), 378-393 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kalkman V.J., Clausnitzer V., Dijkstra K.D.B., Orr A.G., Paulson D.R. and Van Tol, J., Global Diversity of Dragonflies (Odonata) in freshwater, Hydrobiologica, 595, 351–363 (2008) @No $ @ @ Jakab T., Muller Z., Deval G.Y. and Tothmeresz B., Dragonfly Assemblages of a shallow lake type reservoir (Tisza-To, Hungary) and its surroundings, 48(3), 161-171 (2002) @No $ @ @ Thyssen N., Small water bodies – Assessment of status and threats of standing small water bodies, European Environment agency, European topic center on water, (2009) @No $ @ @ Quisil S.J.C., Arreza J.D.E., Nuñeza O. M. and Villanueva R. J. T., Species richness of Odonata in Lanuza and San Agustin, Surigao del Sur, Philippines, AES Bioflux5(3), 245-260 (2013) @No $ @ @ Mapiot E.F., Taotao A., Nuñeza O.M. and Villanueva R. J. T., Species diversity of adult Odonata in selected areas form Misamis Occidental Province, Philippines, AACL Bioflux, 6(4), 421-432 (2013) @No $ @ @ Hämäläinen M. and Müller M.A., Synopsis of the Philippine Odonata, with lists of species recorded from forty islands, Odonatologica, 26(3), 249-315 (1997) @No $ @ @ Villanueva R.J.T., Lake Lanao: Threatened Freshwater treasure of the Philippines, Downloaded on August 18, 2013 from http://alindanaw.com/2012/09/lake-lanao/ (2012) @No $ @ @ Google Earth, Lake Dapao, Lanao del Sur. Downloaded on August 18, 2013 from https://maps.google.com.ph/maps ?q=lake+dapao+map&ie=UTF-8&hq=&hnear=0x3255c4 b31d5d82e3:0x852978595439a08e,Lake+Dapao&gl=ph&ei=ALARUo7hLIWyiQfc5IHYDA&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQ8gEwAA (2013) @No $ @ @ Villanueva R.J.T. and Mohagan A.B., Diversity and Status of Odonata across Vegetation Types in Mt. Hamiguitan Wildlife Sanctuary, Davao Oriental, Asian Biojournal,1(1), 25-35 (2010) @No $ @ @ Subramanian K.A., Dragonflies and damselflies of Peninsular India – A field guide. Project Lifescape: Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science and Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore, India, 75-119 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sharma G., Orthetrumpruinosum. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Version 2013.1. www.iucnredlist.org&#x-15.;䌒. Downloaded on August 3, 2013(2010) @No $ @ @ Watson J.A.L., A second Australian species in the Orthetrum Sabina complex (Odonata: Libellulidae), Division of Entomology, 23, 1-10 (1984) @No $ @ @ Córdoba-Aguilar A., Dragonflies and Damselflies – Model organisms for ecological and evolutionary research. Ecological factors limiting the distributions and abundances of Odonata, Oxford University Press, 54-55 (2008) @No $ @ @ Principe R.E., Taxonomic and size structures of aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in different habitats of tropical streams, Costa Rica, Zoological Studies, 47(5), 525-534 (2008) @No $ @ @ Huston M., A general Hypothesis of Species Diversity, The American Naturalist113(1) (1979) @No $ @ @ Villanueva R.J.T., Dragonflies of Polilo Island, Philippines, IDF Report 23 1-24 (2010) @No $ @ @ Domsic K., OdonataExuviae as Indicators of Wetland Restoration Success in Waterloo Region, Ontario, A literature review, 1-14 (2008) @No $ @ @ Cerdá X., Angulo E., Caut S. and Courchamp F., Ant community structure on a small Pacific Island: only one native species living with the invaders from Biol Invasions, 14, 323-339 (2011) @No 
<#LINE#>Influence of Forest Fire on Floral Diversity of the Degraded Shola Forest Ecosystem<#LINE#>V.@Saravanan,R.@Santhi,P.@Kumar,A.@Balasubramanian,Damodaran@Abhilash<#LINE#>49-56<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-235.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Tree Breeding, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam - 641301, TN, INDIA @ Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute, TN Agri. Uni., Coimbatore, TN, INDIA @ Dept. of Forest Ecology and Envi., Forest College & Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agri. Uni., Mettupalayam - 641301, Tamil Nadu, INDIA Renuka Forest Division, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA <#LINE#>16/9/2013<#LINE#>21/10/2013<#LINE#>  Forest Fire is an important component in the development and sustainability of many forest ecosystems.  With regard to the environmental aspect, the fire is known to alter the soil physical, chemical and biological properties besides influencing the vegetation pattern. However, information available on the nature and magnitude of changes brought out by forest fire on vegetation under degraded shola forest ecosystem is scanty. Keeping these points in view, the present investigation was carried out in the degraded shola forest ecosystem of the Nilgiris Eastern Slope Range situated in the Nilgiris North Division, Tamil Nadu, India to evaluate the effect of fire on the plant diversity of the area at two different periods (immediately after fire and after the monsoon). The effect of forest fire on the vegetation composition was studied using quadrate method by simple random sampling. The results were analyzed for various vegetational parameters and diversity indices. The study showed that the fire had severely affected the tree components in the vegetation when compared to herbs and shrubs. The research results also revealed that regeneration of herbs and shrubs occurred in the burned area after monsoon. The vegetation was already a degraded shola, regular occurrence of the fire is seriously damaging the vegetational composition enabling the further degradation of the vegetation. A good management plan for fire management will help to regain the vegetation through retrogression. <#LINE#> @ @ Goldammer J.G., Werner S., Berhold S., Anja A.H. and Hartmut A., Impacts of fire on Dipterocarp forest ecosystem in southeast Asia, In: Proc. 3rd Intern. Symp. Asian Trop. For. Manage., Samarinda (1999) @No $ @ @ Khanna L.S., Principles and practices of silviculture.  3rdEdition, Khanna Bandhu, Dehra Dun, 130-134 (1998) @No $ @ @ Srivastava R.K., Impact of forest fire on Indian biodiversity, In: Proceeding of XII Silviculture Conference, 143-145 (2006) @No $ @ @ Anon, Forest Survey of India Report. Published by the Forest Survey of India, Govt. of India, Dehradun (2001) @No $ @ @ Roy P.S., Assessment of forest fires in India through remote sensing.  Asia-Pacific Regional Cooperation on the scientific dimensions of forest fires, Report of the Project Planning Meeting, COSTED Central Secretariat, Chennai, 51-77 (2000) @No $ @ @ Srivastava R.K., Forest fire and its prevention by generating environmental awareness in the rural masses, World Forestry Congress, Turkey (1997) @No $ @ @ Srivastava R.K., Forest fire and biotic interference – A great threat to Nilgiri Biosphere, Indian Forester: 667-673 (2002) @No $ @ @ Champion H.G. and Seth S.K., A revised survey of forest types in India, Government of India, Publications Branch, New Delhi (1968) @No $ @ @ Somasundaram K., Working plan (Part I, II and II) for the Nilgiris North Forest Division, Tamil Nadu Forest Department (2005) @No $ @ @ Carter R.N. and Prince S.D., Epidemic models used to explain biogeographical distribution limits, Nature 293,644-645 (1981) @No $ @ @ Prince S.D., Data analysis in methods in plant ecology (2ndEd.) (Ed. P.D.Moore and S.B. Chapman), Blackwell, Oxford, 345-375 (1986) @No $ @ @ 5612.Daniels R.J.R., Jayshree V. and Anuradha G., Biodiversity indexing in agriculture – landscapes to species, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai.  FAO / UNDP. PER CENT, 43 (1996) @No $ @ @ Smith F.D.M., May R.M., Pellow R., Johnson T.M. and Water K.R., Estimating extinction rate, Nature, 64, 494-496 (1983) @No $ @ @ Muller-Dombois S.D. and Ellenberg H., Aims and methods of vegetation ecology,  John Wiley and Sons, New York (1975) @No $ @ @ Margalef R.,  Diversidad de especies enlas communicads naturals.  Pulbines University Press, Princeton, N.J., 179 (1951) @No $ @ @ Simpson E.H., Measurement of diversity, Nature, 163, 688 (1949) @No $ @ @ Shannon C.E. and Wiener W., The mathematical theory of communication, University of Illionis Press, USA (1963) @No $ @ @ Srivastava R.K., Impact of forest fire on ecotone zone of shola-grassland ecosystem, Ph.D. ThesisForest Research Institute, Deemed University, Dehra Dun (2001) @No $ @ @ Calvo L., Santalla S., Marcos E., Valbuena L., Tarrega R. and Luis E., Regeneration after wildfire in communities dominated by Pinus pinaster, an obligate seeder, and in others dominated by Quercus pyrenaica, a typical resprouter, Forest Ecology and management, 184, 209-223 (2003) @No $ @ @ Swarupanandan K., Sankaran K.V., Thomas T.P., Surendran T. and Menon A.R.R., Fire related ecosystem dynamics in the moist deciduous forest of Western Ghats,  KFRI Research Report No. 223, KFRI, Peechi, 69 (2001) @No $ @ @ Thomas T.P., Impact of fire on soil of moist deciduous forest in kerala, India In: proc. Int. Symp. Tropical Forestry Research: Challenges in the New Millennium, Peechi, India, 65-70 (2001) @No 
<#LINE#>Traditional Knowledge of the Women’s of Kaibarta Community of Assam about the application of Phyto-remedies in certain Common Childhood Diseases<#LINE#>Kalyan@Das,Pallwabee@Duarah<#LINE#>57-63<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-236.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Bahona College, Jorhat-785101, Assam, INDIA @ Department of Zoology, J.B. College, Jorhat-785001, Assam, INDIA <#LINE#>17/9/2013<#LINE#>22/10/2013<#LINE#>In the present work all total 34 medicinal plants belonging to 24 families used by the women’s of Kaibarta community of Assam, India in various Childhood diseases were recorded and documented. 19 of the recorded plants were herbs, 6 were shrubs, 8 trees and 1 climber. Out of 34 plants studied, parts of 7 (20.6%) plants are found to be used in Jaundice, 6 (17.6%) are in different skin diseases, 5 (14.7%) each in cough and dysentery, 4 (11.7%) each in worm infection and diarrhoea, 3 (8.82%) each in piles, asthma and measles, 2 (5.9%) each in whooping cough, fever, indigestion, and in epistaxis, 1 (2.94%) each of  lack of appetite and earinfection. Biological activities of the recorded plants were also reported from available literature and found a positive correlation between their traditional knowledge and biological activities which validates the ITK of the women’s of Kaibarta community about the application of phytoremedy in Childhood diseases. <#LINE#> @ @ Singh A. and Dubey A.K., An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Sonebhadra District of Uttar, Pradesh, India with reference to their infection by foliar fungi, Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(14), 2727-2746 (2012) @No $ @ @ Chitme H.R., Chandra R. and Kaushik S., Studies on anti-diarrheal activity of calotropis gigantea R. 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S.V.S, Phytochemical Screening of Methanolic Extract and Antibacterial Activity of Active Principles of Hepatoprotective Herb, Eclipta alba, Ethnobotanical Leaflets, 14, 248-258 (2010) @No $ @ @ Reed L.J. and Muench H., A simple method of estimating fifty percent end point, Chemotherapy, 22, 211-220 (1976) @No $ @ @ Srivastava N., Bhagyawant S.S., Sharma V., Phytochemical Investigation and Antimicrobial Activity of the endocarp of unripe fruit of Carica papaya, Journal of Pharmacy Research, 3(12), 3132 (2010) @No $ @ @ Font Quer P., Plantas medicinales, El Diosc´orides renovado. Editorial Labor. 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@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Variation in Basic Density and Tissue Proportions of Eucalyptus Tereticornis SM. Clones<#LINE#>P.@Sreevani,R.V.@Rao<#LINE#>64-66<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-169.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Botany, Visakha Govt. Degree College (W), Old Jail Road, Visakhapatnam-20, AP, INDIA <#LINE#>16/7/2013<#LINE#>20/8/2013<#LINE#>The basic density and tissue proportions of five clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis developed by ITC Bhadrachalam were reported.  The five clones represented by four trees each of four and half years old, were from Sarapaka, Andhra Pradesh. Significant variation has been found among the five clones except fibre percentage. Basic density was not influenced by any tissue percentage. The results obtained in this study have shown the suitability of raw material for paper and pulp where the required basic density is met with.  Mainly these clones are primarily tried to meet the requirements of paper and pulp industry. <#LINE#> @ @ Lal P., Kulkarni H.D. and Srinivasa K., Eucalyptus  improvement programme of ITC Bhadrachalam    Paper Boards Ltd., (57-63) in Vivekanandhan, K. et al.(Eds.) Proceedings of the Production of   Genetically Improved Planting Materials for Afforestation Programmes,           18-25,  June 1993, Coimbatore  (1993) @No $ @ @ Lal P., Kulkarni H.D. and Srinivasa K., Venkatesh K.R. and Sanhakumar P., Genetically improved clonal planting stock of Eucalyptus – A success story from India, Indian Forester, 123, 1117-1138 (1997) @No $ @ @ Purkayastha S.K., Agrawal S.P., Farooqui P., Tandon, R.D., Laxmi Chauhan & Neelam, M. Evaluation of Wood Quality of Eucalyptus Plantations in Various States.   Final Technical Report of   Project No. Inn FS-66, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun. 85 (1979) @No $ @ @ Sharma Y.K. and Bhandari K.S. Eucalyptus  for pulp and  paper making.  Indian Forester,   109,944950 1983)5.Bhat, K.M. &  Bhat, K.V., Wood properties of 1-year-old Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Australian Forest Research, 14, 129-133 1984)6.Bhat, K.M. Can plantation-grown eucalypts meet the wood quality requirement of the industries ? Pp.422-430 in Sharma, J.K. et al.  (Eds.) Proceedings of the National Seminar on Eucalypts in Indian Forestry – Past, Present and Future, 30-31, January 1984.  Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi. (1986) @No $ @ @ Bhat, K.M., Dhamodaran, T.K.Bhat, K.V. 7 Thulsidas, P.K.  Wood property variation of 3-year-old trees among four eucalypt species grown in Kerala.   Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science, 18(2),  7-12 (1987) @No $ @ @ Bhat, K.M.  Wood quality improvement of eucalypts in India.   An assessment of property variations.  Journal. Ind. Acad. Wood Science,21(2),  33-38 1990)9.Singh, S.V. & Naithani, S. Pulpwood demand and quality assessment. IPPTA Convention Issue , 99-111.   Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association, Saharanpur. (1994) @No $ @ @ Rao, R.V., Shashikala, S., Sreevani, P., Vimal Kothiyal, Sharma, G.R. & Piare Lal. Within tree variation in anatomical properties of some clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm.   Wood Science and Technology, 36(3),271-285 (2002) @No $ @ @ Wendy Cheng, W. & D.W.Bensend. Anatomical properties of selected Populus Clones grown under intensive culture. Wood. Sci., 11(3), 182-187 (1979) @No $ @ @ Maeglin, R.R. & J.T.Quirk. Tissue Proportions and all dimensions for red and white Oak groups. Can.J. For. Res., 14, 101-106 (1984) @No $ @ @ Purkayastha, S.K., Krishan Lal, K. Ramesh Rao & G.S.Negi. Variation in structure and density within a single tree of Michelia Champaca Linn. Ind. For, 100 (7), 453-463 (1974) @No $ @ @ Fujiwara, S.,K. Saneshima, K. Kuroda & N.Takamura. Anatomy and properties of Japanesehardwarde I. Variation of fibre dimensions and tissue proportions and their relation to basic density.   IAWA Bulletin n.s., 12(4), 419-424 (1991) @No $ @ @ Hillis, W.E. Wood quality and utilization (Chapter 12) 259-289): In Eucalypts for wood production (eds. W.E.Hills and A.G.Brown). CSIRO: Australia, 434, (1978) @No $ @ @ Singh, S.P., Krishan Lal, S.S. Bandari, R.C. Madhwal & S.V.Singh. Variation in fibre/vessel characteristics and their influence on surface properties of hand sheets of  Eucalyptus tereticornis grown in Bangalore and Coimbatore. J. Ind. Acad. Wood. Sci.,17(2), 65-70 (1986) @No $ @ @ Wilkes, J. Variation in Wood anatomy with in species of Eucalyptus. IAWA Bulletin n.s., 9(1), 13-23 (1988) @No $ @ @ Taylor F.W. Variation in the anatomical properties of South African grown Eucalyptus grandisAppita, 27,  171-178 (1973) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>Diethanolamine Cytotoxicity on Red Blood Corpuscles<#LINE#>Sneha@Panchal,Heena@Prajapati,Ramtej@Verma<#LINE#>67-69<#LINE#>12.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-172.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380009, INDIA<#LINE#>19/7/2013<#LINE#>16/10/2013<#LINE#>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of diethanolamine (DEA) on red blood corpuscles (RBC) in in vitro condition. Intravenous blood samples from healthy adult volunteers (age 25-30 years) were collected in EDTA vials and used for preparation of RBC suspension in saline (0.9% NaCl). RBC suspension was incubated with different concentrations (100-1000 µg/ml) of diethanolamine at 37 ºC for 4 h. Morphological alterations and percent hemolysis were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test and the level of significance was accepted with * p0.05. The results showed that diethanolamine caused concentration-dependent significant increase (P0.05) in hemolysis. <#LINE#> @ @ Wagner P., Reassessment of Diethanolamine. (CAS Reg. No.111-42-2) United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460.July 31 (2006) @No $ @ @ CIR Cosmetic Ingredients Review, Final report on the safety assessment of triethanolamine, diethanolamine, and monoethanolamine, J Am Coll Toxicol, , 183–235 (1983) @No $ @ @ CIR Cosmetic Ingredients Review. Final report on the safety assessment of cocamide DEA, lauramide DEA, linoleamiede DEA, and oleamide DEA, J Am Coll Toxicol, , 415–454 (1986) @No $ @ @ Soreat S A., Stabilizing acetylsalicylic acid and its salts in solution. Fr. Demande.  2, 143, 609 (1973) @No $ @ @ Hoffmann D., Brunnemann K.D., Rivenson A. and Hecht S.S., N nitrosiodiethanolamine: analysis, formation in tobacco products and carcinogenicity in Syrian golden hamsters, IARC Sci Publ, 41, 299-308 (1982) @No $ @ @ Knaak J.B., Leung H.W., Stott W.T., Busch J. and Bilsky J., Toxicology of mono-di- and triethanolamine, Rev Environ Contam Toxicol, , 149-186 (1997) @No $ @ @ Blum A. and Lischka G., Allergic contact dermatitis from monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine, Contact dermatitis, 36(3), 166 (1997) @No $ @ @ Technology Planning and Management Corporation (TPMC). Report on carcinogens Background Document for Diethanolamine, In National Toxicology Program   NIEHS, Durham, NC.  NO1ES85421, 229 (2002) @No $ @ @ National Toxicological Programm {NTP}. NTP technical report on the toxicity  Studies of Diethanolamine  (CAS No 111-42-2) administered topically and in drinking water to F344/ N Rats and B6C3F1 mice, Toxic Report Series ;20:1-D10 (1992) @No $ @ @ Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of diethanolamine,” National Toxicology Program (NTP), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, NTP TR 478 (NIH Publication No. 99-3968), pages 1–22 July (1999) @No $ @ @ Verma  R J,  Sangai  N P., The ameliorative effect of black tea extract and   quercetin on bisphenol A induced cytotoxicity. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica Drug  Research, 66, 41-44 (2009) @No $ @ @  Verma R J, Raval P J., Cytotoxicity of aflatoxin on red blood corpuscles. Bulletin of   Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 17, 457 (2003) @No $ @ @  Methews JM, Garner CE and Matthews HB., Metabolism, bioaccumulation and incorporation of diethanolamine into phospholipids, Chemical Research   Toxicology,  , 625-633 (1995) @No $ @ @ Lehman- McKeeman LD and Gamsky EA, Diethanolamine inhibits choline uptake and phosphatidylcholine synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biochemical Biophysics Research Communication, 262, 600-604 (1999) @No $ @ @ Lehman- McKeeman LD and Gamsky EA., Choline supplementation inhibits Diethanolamine induced morphological transformation in Syrian hamster embryo cells: Evidence for a carcinogenic mechanism Toxicological Sciences, 55, 303-310 (2000) @No $ @ @  Floyd RA , Kotake  Y, Hensley  K, Nakae  D and Konishi Y., Reactive oxygen species in choline  deficiency induced carcinogenesis and nitrone inhibition, Mol Cell Biochem, 234-235 (1-2), 195-203 (2002) @No 
<#LINE#>Morphotaxonomy and Phenology of three different accessions of Sesbania cannabina Poir<#LINE#>Nitisha@Srivastava,Girjesh@Kumar<#LINE#>70-72<#LINE#>13.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-228.pdf<#LINE#>Botanical Survey of India, Headquarter, C.G.O. Complex, DF Block, Sector –I, Salt Lake City, Kolkata-700064, WB, INDIA @ Plant Genetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, U.P., INDIA <#LINE#>7/9/2013<#LINE#>24/10/2013<#LINE#>Present experiment was undertaken to study the morphological and phenological variations among the three different accessions viz. E2435736, E2435738 and E2466700 of Sesbania cannabina obtained from NBPGR, New Delhi, India. For this purpose dry and healthy seeds were soaked in distilled water for 14 hours. After soaking seeds were sown in field in a definite pattern at Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India. Sowing was done in the month of June, 2009. Data for germination and survival percentages were taken after 15 and 30 days, respectively. The study of phenology was undertaken to investigate number of days required for flowering initiation in all three accessions. The morphotaxonomy of three accessions showed that accession no. E2435738 and E2466700 are closer to each other than the E22435736. Accession number E22435736 was found to be an early flowering accession. <#LINE#> @ @ Gillett J.B., Sesbania in Africa (excluding Madagascar) and southern Arabia, Kew Bulletin, 17, 91-159 (1963) @No $ @ @ Prasad M.N.V., Bioresource potential of Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W F Wight,  Bioresource Technology,  44,  251–254 (1993) @No $ @ @ Ipor I.B. and Oyen L.P.A., Sesbania AdansonIn: Faridah Hanum, I & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (Editors). Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 11: Auxiliary plants. Backhuys Publisher, Leiden, The Netherlands, 236-240 (1997) @No $ @ @ Kumar G. and Srivastava N., Gamma rays induced cytomorphological variations in Sesbania cannabina Poir., Cytologia, 76(4), 375-380 (2011) @No $ @ @ Evans D.O., Sesbania research in Hawaii: Summary of a project. Nitrogen Fixing Tree Research Reports , 57-58 (1986) @No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Involvement of Disease Resistant Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and resistant (R) Genes in key Signaling pathways of Arabidopsis thaliana during pathogen infection: An Overview<#LINE#>BarikSushanta@Kumar<#LINE#>73-88<#LINE#>14.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-188.pdf<#LINE#>National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg,  Lucknow, 226001 Uttarpradesh, INDIA<#LINE#>30/7/2013<#LINE#>11/8/2013<#LINE#>Plant must continuously defend themselves against attack from fungi, bacteria, viruses, invertebrates etc. The regulating mechanism of any plant pathogen interaction is complex and dynamic. Plants possess both preformed and an inducible defense mechanism. Many resistant genes (R) are present within the chromosome of Arabidopsis thaliana which help in resistance activity against pathogens .In A. thaliana, the disease resistant genes (R) are extremely polymorphic confer parasite recognition and are found at several loci. Quantitative trait loci  study in A. thaliana will provide  knowledge on number of quantitative resistant loci involved in complex disease resistance, interactions between pathogen biology, plant development and biochemistry .The main QTL approach in A. thaliana is based on  rapid developments in marker technology, statistical methodology  will help in identifying the same kind of complex disease resistant  loci in other crop plants. The A. thaliana genome carries diverse resistant genes are found in several loci linked with salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling pathways. 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Phaseolicola,  Molecular plant-microbe interactions, 8, 637 -640 (1995) @No $ @ @ Heidrich  et al., Arabidopsis EDS1 Connects Pathogen Effector Recognition to Cell Compartment Specific Immune Responses,  Science, 334, 1401-1404 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bhattacharjee S., Halane M.K., Kim S.H. and Gassmann W., Pathogen Effectors Target Arabidopsis EDS1 and Alter Its Interactions with Immune Regulators, Science, 334, 1405-8 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kim S.H.,  Kwon S.I.,  Saha D.,  Anyanwu N.C. and Gassmann W., Resistance to the Pseudomonas syringae effector HopA1 is governed by the TIR-NBS-LRR protein RPS6 and is enhanced by mutations in SRFR1, Plant physiology, 150, 1723-1732 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kiedrowski  S.,  Kawalleck P.,  Hahlbrock K.,  Somssich I.E. and Dangl  J.L., Rapid activation of a novel plant defense gene is strictly dependent on the Arabidopsis RPM1 disease resistance locus, The EMBO journal, 11, 4677-4684 (1992) @No $ @ @ Shen  J.,  Araki H., Chen  L.,  Chen J.Q. and Tian  D., Unique 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@Case Study
<#LINE#>A Case Study on People Choice Conservation of Biodiversity in Homesteads of Assam, India<#LINE#>Hazarika@Prosanta,S.C.@Biswas,R.K.@Kalita<#LINE#>89-94<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJBS-2013-225.pdf<#LINE#>Bio-Prospecting and Indigenous Knowledge Division, Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat-785001 Assam, INDIA<#LINE#>3/9/2013<#LINE#>22/10/2013<#LINE#>Choice of useful plant species from forests for domestication has been found to start simultaneously with the progress of human civilization since the beginning of cultivation and used to conserve them in particular piece of land near to their habitat. Those habitats may be the outcome of today’s homesteads. Now, homesteads are considered as important sites for ex-situ on-farm conservation. Homesteads are also considered, as need base multi-purpose high-density, multi-layered agroforestry cropping systems, which not only mitigate the local needs but also take major part in conservation of biodiversity. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the role of the homestead in the conservation and management of plant diversity of forests origin in nine selected villages of Jorhat, Sivasagar and Golaghat districts of Assam, India during 2005-2007. More than 393 plant species of 111 families are recorded in the homesteads, which are categorized as timber and non-timber species. Non-timber species are again grouped as food (i.e., fruits, roots stem, leaves and vegetables), fodder, medicinal, spices, aromatic and essential oil, fibers, dyes, beverage and pesticides yielding species. The study implies that several fruit plant species including Areca nut, Banana (Musa spp.), Mango (Mangifera indica), Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophylla,), Citrus spp, Lateku (Baccuaria sapida), Poniol (Flacaurtia catapharacta), Garcinia spp, Syzygium spp  etc and Bamboo spp, Cane spp, and Livingstonia jenkinsiana are major components of homestead agroforestry system. In addition, some of the plant species are found to link with the cultural heritage of the local people. Tea, Aquilaria, Bamboo, Canes and Livingstonia species are recorded as commercially important plant species in their homesteads. Many rare and endangered plant species including orchids are well nourished in homesteads of the locality.<#LINE#> @ @ Das T. and Das A.K., Inventorying plant biodiversity in home gardens: A case study in Barak Valley, Assam, North East India Current Science, 89(1), 155-163 (2005) @No $ @ @ Maru R.N. and Patel R.S., Ethno-Botanical Survey of Sacred Groves and Sacred Plants of Jhalod and Surrounding Areas in Dahod District, Gujarat, India, Res. J.Recent.Sci,2(ISC-2012), 130-135 (2013) @No $ @ @ Jain J.K., (Ed) Ethonobotanical research unfolds new vistas of traditional medicine In: Glimpses of Indian Ethnobotany, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi, 13-36 (1981) @No $ @ @ Sharma Antima, Dangwal L.R. and Dangwal Mukta, Dye Yielding Plants of the Garhwal Himalaya, India: A Case Study, I. Res. J. Biological Sci.,1(4), 69-72 (2012) @No $ @ @ Alam M.S. and Masum K.M., Status of Homestead Biodiversity in the Offshore Island of Bangladesh, Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences., 1(3), 246-253 (2005) @No $ @ @ Begum S.S. and Gogoi R.,  Herbal recipe prepared during Bohag or Rongali Bihu in Assam, Ind. J. of T.K., 6(3), 412-422 (2007) @No $ @ @ Bora H.R., Borthakur S.K., Hazarika L.K., Use of plants in control of pests in Assam: An ethnobotanical approach, Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany,27, 956-63 (2003) @No $ @ @ Bora H.R., Hazarika L.K and Dutta N., Botanicals for forest and tea pest management (In N.P. Agnihotri, S. Walia and V.T. Gajbhiye (eds) Green pesticides crop protection and safety evaluation, Indian Agricultural Research Institute,Society of pesticide Science, India. New Delhi-110012), 101-106 (1999) @No $ @ @ Hazarika P., Tripathi Y.C. and Zhasa N.N., Forestry resources for economic development in Assam Biganan Jeuti, 39(1), 13-25 (2004) @No $ @ @ Patil Sunil J. and Patil H.M., Ethnomedicinal Herbal Recipes from Satpura Hill Ranges  of Shirpur Tahsil, Dhule, Maharashtra, India, Res.J.Recent.Sci., 1(ISC-2011) ,333-336 (2012) @No $ @ @ Pebam N. Mangang, Health Beliefs and Perception of Well-being among the Lois of Thanga in Manipur, India, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(4), 46-52 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sainkhediya Jeetendra and Aske Dilip Kumar,Ethno Medicinal Plants used by Tribal Communities for the Treatment ofSnakebite in West Nimar, MP, India, ISCA J. Biological Sci.,1(2), 77-79 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sonowal R., Indigenous Knowledge on the Utilization of Medicinal Plants by the Sonowal Kachari Tribe of Dibrugarh District in Assam, North-East India,  Int. Res. J. Biological Sci.,2(4), 44-50 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sonowal R. and Barua I.,  Indigenous Knowledge and Bioresource Utilization among the Tai- Khamyangs of Assam, North East India, I. Res. J. Biological Sci.,1(7),38-43 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bhalerao S.A. and Kelkar T.S., Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Activities of Cassia fistula Linn, I. Res. J. Biological Sci.,1(5), 79-84,  (2012) @No