@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Germination Potential and Seedling Performance of Green Gram in Arsenic Contaminated Hydroponic Culture<#LINE#>Dullav@Bhosagar,@BhoiLakshmikanti,P.C.@Mishra<#LINE#>1-5<#LINE#>1.ISCA-JBS-2012-044.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Sciences (Auto) Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar-768019, Orissa, INDIA<#LINE#>12/5/2012<#LINE#>29/5/2012<#LINE#>  In the present study, short term hydroponic culture experiments using cotton soaked with sodium arsenite and arsenic contaminated poultry dung suspension have been conducted on green gram. In poultry dung average pH, conductivity, organic carbon, nitrate, phosphate and arsenic content were found as 7.25± 0.59, 1.256± 0.08 mS, 218.4± 32.75mg/gm, 2.57± 0.17mg/gm, 21.44 ±4.47mg/gm, and 0.038±0.005mg/gm respectively. In sodium arsenite contaminated culture with arsenic concentration ranging from 0.5 to 10 ppm, maximum seed germination was found in 0.5 ppm As (98.88%) and minimum in 10 ppm (30 %). Germination index (GI), relative growth index (RGI) and quality index (QI) also showed a maximum of 96.61%, 95.54% and 0.234% respectively at 0.05 ppm As in arsenic contaminated culture. Poultry dung suspension (PDS) culture showed 100% seed germination in 1%, 3% and 5% poultry dung suspension (PDS) and in 7%,10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 50% the germination was found as 98.88%, 96.66%, 86.66%, 73.33%, 71.11% and 53.33% respectively with a maximum of 99.12% GI, 98.21% RGI and 1.44% QI at 1%  PDS respectively. Thus PDS culture was favourable for germination and seedling potential of gram <#LINE#> @ @ Adriano D.C., Trace Elements in Terrestrial Environments: Biogeochemistry, Bioavailability and Risks of Metals, 2ndedition, Springer, New York (2001) @No $ @ @ I. Res. J. 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<#LINE#>Chemical and Biological Investigation of leaves of Eucalyptus Torelliana Essential oils from Benin<#LINE#>Alain@AlitonouGuy,Felicien@Avlessi,Boniface@Yehouenou,Alain@KoudoroYaya,Dominique@MenutChantalandSohounhloue<#LINE#>6-12<#LINE#>2.ISCA-JBS-2012-085.pdf<#LINE#>Lab. d’Etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée, Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou BENIN@Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM UMR CNRS-UM1-UM2, ENSCM, rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier cedex, FRANCE<#LINE#>7/6/2012<#LINE#>19/6/2012<#LINE#>  The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves of Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muell. (Myrtaceae) growing in Benin was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty eight components, which represented 99,6 % of the total constituents of the oil were identified. The essential oil is rich in hydrocarbons monoterpenic. The major constituents found were -pinene (60.9 %), pinene (12.0 %), trans--caryophyllene (9.0 %), limonene (2.9 %) and aromadendrene (2.1 %). The oil extracted reveals an average antiradical and antimicrobial activities. <#LINE#> @ @ Boland D.J., Brophy J.J. and House A.P.N.,Eucalyptus leaf oils: Use, Chemistry, Distillation and   Marketing. Inkata Press, Melbourne, Sydney, Australia (1991) @No $ @ @ Adeniyi B.A., Odufowoke R.O., Olaleye S.B.Antimbacterial and gastro-protective properties of    Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muell crude extracts, Int. J. Pharmcol,, 362-365 (2006) @No $ @ @ Bruneton J. Pharmacognosy: Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants 2nd ed. London, Intercept Ltd, 555-559 (1999) @No $ @ @ Gill L.S., Ethnomedical Uses of Plants in Nigeria, Benin City, Uniben Press, 15-35 (1992) @No $ @ @ Oyedeji A.O., Ekundayo O., Olawoye O.N., Adeniyi B.A. and Koening W.A., Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of five Eucalyptus species growing in Nigeria, Fitoterapia.,70, 526-528 (1999) @No $ @ @ Silifat J.T., Ogunwande I.A., Olawore N.O., Walker T.M., Schmidt J.M., Setzer W.N., Olaleye O.N. and Aboaba S.A., In vitro cytotoxicity activities of essential oils of Eucalyptus torelliana F. V. Muell. (leaves and fruits), J. Essent. Oil-Bear. Plants., (2), 110-119 (2005) @No $ @ @ Singh A.K., Bhattacharya K., Dubey S.R.K., Kholia R.C. Studieson essential oil content of Eucalyptus species grown in Taria of Uttar Pradesb Nainital for timber, Indian Forest.,109, 153-158 (1983) @No $ @ @ Sohounhloue D.K., Dangou J., Gnomhossou B., Garneau F.-X., Gagnon H. and Jean F.-I., Leaf oils of three Eucalyptus species from Benin: E. torelliana F. Muell., E.citriodora Hook. and E. tereticornis Smith, J. Essent. Oil Res.(1), 111- 113 (1996) @No $ @ @ Chalchat J.C., Garry R.P, Sidibe L. Harama M. Aromatic plants of Mali (V): Chemical composition of essential oils of four Eucalyptus species implanted in Mali: Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. citriodora, . torelliana and E. tereticornis,J. Essent. Oil Res.,12(6), 695-701 (2000) @No $ @ @ Silou T., Loumouamou A.N., Loukakou E., Chalchat J.C. and Figueredo G., Intra and interspecific variation of yield and chemical composition of essential oils from five Eucalyptus species growing in the Congo-Brazzaville. Corymbia subgenus,J. Essent. Oil Res.,21(3), 203-211 (2009) @No $ @ @ Loumouamou A.N., Silou Th., Mapola G., Chalchat J.C. and Figueredo G., Yield and composition of essential oils from Eucalyptuscitriodora x Eucalyptus torelliana, a hybrid species growing in Congo-Brazzaville,J. Essent. Oil Res., 21(4), 295-299 (2009) @No $ @ @ Adeniyi C.B.A., Lawal T.O., and. Mahady G.B., In vitroSusceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus torelliana. Pharmaceutical Biology,47(1), 99–102 (2009) @No $ @ @ Adams R.P. Identification of essential oil components by Gas     Chromatography/Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry, Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL (2001) @No $ @ @ Joulain D. and König W.A., The Atlas of Spectral data sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons, E.B. Verlag, Hamburg. (1998) @No $ @ @ Mellors A. and Tappel A.L., The inhibition of mitochondrial peroxidation by ubiquinone and ubiquinol, J. Biol. Chem.,241, 4353-4356 (1996) @No $ @ @ Alitonou G., Avlessi F., Sohounhloue D.C.K., Bessière J.M. and Menut C., Chemical and Biological lnvestigation on Volatile Constituents of Pentadesma  butyracea Sabin (Clusiaceae) From Benin, J. Essent. Oil Res., 22, 138 – 140 (2010) @No $ @ @ Avlessi F., Alitonou G., Sohounhloue D.K., Menut C. and Bessière J.M., Aromatic Plants of Tropical West Africa. Part XIV. Chemical and Biological Investigation of Lippia multiflora Mold. essential oil from Benin, J. Essent. Oil Res.,17, 405-407 (2005) @No $ @ @ Khallil A.R.M., Phytofungitoxic properties in the aqueous extracts of some plants, PakistanJ. Biol. Sci. 4(4), 392-394 (2001) @No $ @ @ Chang S.T., Wang S.Y., Wu C.L., Chen P.F., Kuo Y.H., Comparison of the antifungal activity of cadinane skeletal sesquiterpenoids from Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata) heartwood, Holzforschung,  54, 241-245 (2000) @No $ @ @ Yehouenou B., Wotto D.V., Sessou Ph., Noudogbessi J.P., Sohounhloue D.C.K.Chemical study and antimicrobial activities of volatile extracts from fresh leaves of Crassocephalum rubens (Juss and Jack.) S. More against food borne pathogens, Scientific Study and Research, 11(3), 343 – 351 (2010) @No $ @ @ Medoff G. The mechanism of action of amphotericin B, International Symposium on Aspergillus and      Aspergillosis. In H. 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<#LINE#>Minimization of Excess Sludge Production for Biological Waste Water Treatment using Activated Sludge Process<#LINE#>@DharaskarSwapnilA.,D.@PatilRahul<#LINE#>13-17<#LINE#>3.ISCA-JBS-2012-094.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, MS, INDIA@Department of Chemical Engineering, Pravara Rural Engineering College, Loni, Ahmednagar, MS, INDIA<#LINE#>20/6/2012<#LINE#>4/7/2012<#LINE#>Redox potential technique can be used for minimizing sludge. Redox potential is nothing but any oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction can be divided into two half, one in which another chemical species undergoes reduction. If a half reaction is written as a reduction, the driving force is the reduction potential. If the half-reaction is written as oxidation, the driving force is the oxidation potential related to the reduction potential by a sign change. So the redox potential is the reduction/oxidation potential of a compound measured under standards conditions against a standard reference half-cell. In biological systems the standard redox potential is defined at pH – 7.0 versus the hydrogen electrode and partial pressure of hydrogen = 1 bar.  In these project efforts was made to determine the feasibility of activated sludge process (ASP) for the treatment of synthetic wastewater and to develop simple design criteria under local conditions. A bench scale model comprising of an aeration tank and final clarifier was used for this purpose. Synthetic wastewater prepared in the laboratory using Glucose as the main source of carbon and the required nutrients were treated using mixed culture microorganisms on a batch as well as continuous manner. The reduction in COD and the increase in cell production analyzed. The characteristics of the settled sludge were determined by sludge volume index (SVI). The sludge produced during the treatment has separately treated with water having negative redox potential to study the effect on the reduction of the excel production. Known quantity of sludge was mixed with different volumes of redox potential solution to study the percentage reduction with and without stirring as a function of time. The results were used to optimize the time and percentage reduction. <#LINE#> @ @ M.Zlokarnik Verfahrenstechnik der aeroben Wasserreinigung Chem. Ing. Tech 54 (939-952), (1981) @No $ @ @ H.Brauer and D.Saucker Biological waste water treatment in a high efficiency reactor. Ger. Chem. Engg. 2, 77-86, (1979) @No $ @ @ U. Wachsmann, N. Rabiger and A. Vogelpohl “The Compact reactor.  A newly developed loop reactor with high mass transfer performance. Ger. Chem. Engg. 7, 39-44, (1984) @No $ @ @ Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, H. A. Peter (ed), Baltimore: Williams Wilkins, (1984) @No $ @ @ Bernd Bilitewski, Georg Härdtle, Klaus Marek Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology (1984) @No $ @ @ Sievers et al., Sludge treatment by ozonation – Evaluation of full-scale results, Water Science and Technology, 49(4),247–253 (2004) @No $ @ @ Chobanoglous G., Burton F.L. and Stensel H.D., Introduction to process analysis and selection, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, ed. G. Tchobanoglous, F.L. Burton and  H.D. Stensel, McGraw-Hill: Boston, 215-310 (2003) @No $ @ @ APHA, Standard methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 19 ed., American Public Health Association, Washington, DC (1995) @No $ @ @ Martins A.M.P., Pagilla K., Heijnen J.J. and Van Loosdrecht M.C.M., Filamentous bulking sludge–a critical review, Water Research, 38, 793-817 (2004) @No $ @ @ Buffalo N.Y., Michael Richard, Sear-Brown Fort Collins, CO, Activated Sludge Microbiology Problems and their control, Presented at the 20th Annual USEPA National Operator Trainers  Conference June 8, (2003) @No $ @ @ Baikun Li, Paul L. Bishop, The Application of ORP in Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Processes, Environmental Engineering Science, (2001) @No $ @ @ Richard M.G., Activated Sludge Microbiology, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA, (1989) @No $ @ @ Ibrahim H.A. and El-Sheikh E.M., Bioleaching Treatment of Abu Zeneima Uraniferous Gibbsite Ore Material for Recovering U, REEs, Al and Zn, Res.J.Chem.Sci., 1(4),55-66 (2011) @No $ @ @ Veeraputhiran V. and Alagumuthu G., Treatment of High Fluoride Drinking Water Using Bioadsorbent, Res.J.Chem.Sci.,1(4), 49-54 (2011) @No $ @ @ Dwivedi Naveen, Majumder C.B, Mondal P. and Dwivedi Shubha, Biological Treatment of Cyanide Containing Wastewater, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(7), 15-21 (2011) @No $ @ @ Vaishnav M.M. and Dewangan S., Assessment of Water Quality Status in Reference to Statistical Parameters in Different Aquifers of Balco Industrial Area, Korba, C.G. INDIA, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(9), 67-72 (2011) @No $ @ @ Ala'a Abdulrazaq Jassim, Design and Evaluation of Separation Towers in Water Treatment Plants,  Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(5), 14-21 (2011) @No
<#LINE#>AmiRzyn: PERL Centered Artificial MicroRNA Designing Aid<#LINE#>Baby@Joseph,@NairVrundhaM,Ch@,G.@ySusheel<#LINE#>18-23<#LINE#>4.ISCA-JBS-2012-099.pdf<#LINE#>nterdisciplinary Research Centre, Malankara Catholic College, Mariagiri, Kaliakkavilai- 629 153, Tamil Nadu, INDIA@Department of Bioinformatics, Malankara Catholic College, Mariagiri, Kaliakkavilai- 629 153, Tamil Nadu, INDIA<#LINE#>26/6/2012<#LINE#>3/7/2012<#LINE#>RNA interference, a gene knock down tool has become a promising technology for researchers. Gene silencing, can be fastened by the process of designing small non- coding RNAs through computational tools. One of the current advancement in this field is artificial microRNA. It exploits the backbone of a miRNA for designing siRNA. The endogenous nature of the miRNA provides more success to this technology. In the current study, a tool named Amirzyn was developed for designing artificial microRNA using PERL language, which is very powerful in string manipulations. The tool facilitates the user to input their DNA sequences and by means of pre- defined parameters, the possible siRNA sequences are predicted as output. Possibilities of occurrence of off- target effects are verified by performing BLAST comparison. For amiRNA designing, AmiRzyn permits the specification of restriction site and miRNA backbone of user’s requirement, in addition to the predicted siRNA sequence as the input. AmiRzyn serves as a promising aid for researchers, in the field of gene silencing, to design artificial microRNAs. <#LINE#> @ @ Du G., Yonekubo J., Zeng Y., Osisami M. and FrohmanM.A., Design of expression vectors for RNA interference based on miRNAs and RNA splicing, FEBS J., 273, 5421-5427 (2006) @No $ @ @ Fire A., Xu S., Montgomery M., Kostas S., Driver S. and Mello C., Potent and specific gene interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans, Nature,391, 806-811 (1998) @No $ @ @ Alvarez J.P., Pekker I., Goldshmidt A., Blum E., Amsellem Z. and Eshed Y., Endogenous and synthetic microRNAs stimulate simultaneous, efficient and localized regulation of multiple targets in diverse species, Plant Cell,18, 1134-1151 (2006) @No $ @ @ Schwab R., Ossowski S., Riester M., Warthmann N. and Weigel D., Highly specific gene silencing by artificial microRNAs in Arabidopsis, Plant Cell, 18, 1121–1133 (2006) @No $ @ @ Bartel D.P.,  MicroRNAs: Genomics, biogenesis, mechanism and function, Cell, 116, 281-297 (2004) @No $ @ @ Chapman J.E and C.J. 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<#LINE#>Habitat Preference of Microchiropteran Bats in three Districts of Tamilnadu, South India<#LINE#>D.@ParamanathaSwamidoss,@SudhakaranM.R.,P.@Parvathiraj<#LINE#>24-30<#LINE#>5.ISCA-JBS-2012-102.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Science, PSN College of Engg and Tech, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, INDIA@Department of Zoology, Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi, Tamilnadu, INDIA<#LINE#>29/6/2012<#LINE#>7/7/2012<#LINE#>Habitat preference on ten species of microchiropteran species in southern districts of Tamilnadu, south India revealed that their exists some discrimancies in habitat selection. There exhibit a variation in selection of roosting site by bats. City limit habitat was the most favoured by bats like H. speoris, T. melanopogon, and  P. mimus, where as species like R. hardwickaii and T. nudiventris prefers hillock habitats. M. lyra and H. ater prefers agricultural field as habitat. Bats were observed to prefer their roosting habitat, where they have foraging resources in the close vicinity. Even though the study revealed a higher priority of habitat selection towards one habitat, they were also found to use another habitat too. This may because of the foraging and roosting opportunities it gains from the habitat. <#LINE#> @ @ Koopman K.F., Chiroptera, in Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder, ed.). 2nd edition, Smithsonian press, Washington, 137-241 (1993) @No $ @ @ Bates P.J.J. and Harrison D.L., Bats of Indian subcontinent, Harrison Zoological Museum.,(1997) @No $ @ @ Kumar Das P., Studies on Some Indian Chiroptera from West Bengal, Occ. Pap. Rec. Zool. Sur. India, 217 (2003) @No $ @ @ Fretwell S.D. and Lucas H.L., On territorial behaviour and other factors influencing habitat distribution in birds. 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Robertson J.P.A. and Kenward R.E., Compositional analysis of habitat use from animal radio-tracking data, Ecology.,74, 1313-1325 (1993) @No $ @ @ Morris D.W., Ecological scale and habitat use, Ecology, 68, 362-369 (1987) @No $ @ @ Orians G.H. and Wittenberger J.F., Spatial and temporal scales in habitat selection, American Naturalist, 137, 29 -49 (1991) @No $ @ @ Lima S.L. and Dill L.M., Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospectus, Canadian Journal of Zoology, 68, 619-640 (1990) @No $ @ @ Brown J.S., Patch use under predation risk: I Models and predictions, Annales Zoologica Fennici, 29, 301-309 (1992) @No $ @ @ Moody A.L. Houston A.I. and Mcnamara J.M., Ideal free distributions under predation risk, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology,38, 131-143 (1996) @No $ @ @ Begon M., Harper J.L. and Townsend C.R., Ecology: Individuals, Populations, and Communities, 3rd edition, Blackwell Science Ltd., Cambridge, MA, (1996) @No $ @ @ Alldredge J.R. and Ratti J.T., Further comparison of some statistical techniques for analysis of resource selection, Journal of Wildlife Management, 56, 1-9 (1992) @No $ @ @ Thomas D.L. and Taylor E.J., Study designs and tests for comparing resource use and availability, Journal of Wildlife Management, 54, 322-330 (1990) @No $ @ @ Manly B.F. Mcdonald J.L.L. and Thomas D.L., Resource selection by animals: statistical design and analysis for field studies, Chapman and Hall, London, UK, (1993) @No $ @ @ Hutson A.M., The bat conservation trust, London(1993) @No $ @ @ Jacobs J., Quantitative measurement of food selection, Oecologia,14, 413–417 (1974) @No $ @ @ Magurran A.E., Ecological diversity and its measurement, Croom Helm Ltd., London (1988) @No $ @ @ Kunz T.H., Ecology of Bats, Plennum Press, New York(2003) @No $ @ @ Walsh L.A. and Harris St, Foraging habitat preferences of vespertilionid bats in Britain, Journal of Applied Ecology,33, 508-518 (1996) @No $ @ @ Fenton M.B., A technique for monitoring bat activity with results obtained from different environments in southern Ontario, Canadian Journal of Zoology, 48, 847-851 (1970) @No $ @ @ Smith P.G., Habitat preference, range use and roosting ecologyof Natterer’s bats (Myotis nattereri) in a grassland–woodland landscape, Dissertation, University of Aberdeen, 297 (2000) @No $ @ @ Swift S.M. and Racey P.A., Resource partitioning in two species of vespertilionid bats (Chiroptera) occupying the same roost, Journal of Applied Zoology, 200, 249-259 (1983) @No $ @ @ Isaac S.S. and Marimuthu G., Early out flying and late home flying in the Indian pygmy bat under natural conditions, Oecologia,96, 426430 (1993) @No $ @ @ Findley J.S., Bats: a community perspective, (Cambridge studies in ecology), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, (1993) @No $ @ @ Neuweiler G., The biology of bats. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, (2000) @No
<#LINE#>Production of cellulase free thermostable xylanase from Pseudomonas sp. XPB-6<#LINE#>@SharmaP.K.,Ch@,D.@<#LINE#>31-41<#LINE#>6.ISCA-JBS-2012-114.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, INDIA<#LINE#>8/7/2012<#LINE#>18/7/2012<#LINE#>Pseudomonas sp. XPB-6 grows better in the medium containing xylan, glucose and meat extract, which was further modified by optimizing the concentrations of individual components. The organism was able to utilize most of the sugars for growth; however dextrose at 4% concentration proved to be the most suitable carbon source for production of xylanase activity from Pseudomonas sp. XPB-6. Different inorganic and organic nitrogen supplements were also tested and maximum production was achieved with 0.5% meat extract. The optimum temperature, pH substrate concentration and inoculum size for the growth and xylanase production were 30C, 7.0, 1% and 6% respectively. The optimum time for growth and enzyme production was 24 hours. Maximum xylanase activity was reported with 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) at 55C and 5 minutes incubation temperature. The enzyme was fairly stable at 25\rC and 75\rC. While studying the effect of various metal ions (addition of 1mM CuSO.5HO, CdCl.2HO, ZnSO.7HO and CaCl.2HO) drastic decrease in xylanase activity was observed. <#LINE#> @ @ Butt M.S., Nadeem M.T., Ahmad Z. and Sultan M.T., Xylanases in Baking Industry, Food Technol. Biotechnol., , 22–31 (2008) @No $ @ @ Wong K.K.Y., Tan L.U.L. and Saddler J.N., Multiplicity of -1, 4-xylanase in microorganisms: Functions and applications, Microbiol. Rev.,52, 305–317 (1988) @No $ @ @ Poutanen K., Tenkanen M., Korte H. and Puls J., Accessory enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of xylans, In: G. F. Leatham and M. E. Himmel (Eds.), Enzymes in Biomass Conversion (pp. 426-436). American Chemical Society: Washington, DC (1991) @No $ @ @ Al-Bari M.A. A., Rahman M. M. S., Islam M. A. U., Flores M.E. and Bhuiyan M.S.A., Purification and Characterization of a -(1,4)-Endoxylanase of Streptomyces bangladeshiensis sp., Res. J. Cell  Mol. Biol.,, 31-36 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kamble R.D. and Jadhav A.R.Isolation, purification and characterization of xylanase produced by a new species of Bacillusin solid state fermentation, Int. J. Microbiol.,  8 (2012) @No $ @ @ Gilbert H.J. and Hazelwood G.P., Bacterial cellulases and xylanases, J. Gen. Microbiol.,139, 187-194 (1993) @No $ @ @ Knob A. and Carmona E.C., Xylanase production byPenicillium sclerotiorum and its characterization, W. Appl. Sci. Journal,  277-283 (2008) @No $ @ @ Beg Q. K., Kapoor M., Mahajan L. and Hoondal G. S., Microbial xylanases and their industrial applications: a review,  Appl. Microbiol. . Biotechnol.,56(3-4), 326–338 (2001) @No $ @ @ Kuhad R.C., Kapoor M. and Chaudhary K., Production of xylanases from Streptomyces sp. M-83 using cost effective substrates and its application in improving digestibility of monogastric animal feed, Ind J Microbiol., 46 (2), 109-119 (2006) @No $ @ @ Polizeli M.L.T.M., Rizzatti A.C.S., Monti R., Terenzi H.F., Jorge J.S. and Amorim D.S.,Xylanases from fungi: Properties and industrial applications, Appl. Microb. Biotechnol.67, 577–591 (2005) @No $ @ @ Miller G.L., Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar, Anal. Chem., 31, 538–542 (1959) @No $ @ @ Poorma C.A. and Prema P., Production of cellulase free endoxylanase from novel alkalophilic thermotolerant Bacillus pumilus by solid state fermentation and its application in waste paper recycling, Biores.Technol.,   98, 485-490 (2007) @No $ @ @ Inan K., Belduz A.O.  and Canakci S., Anoxybacillus kaynarcensis sp. a moderately thermophilic, xylanase producing bacterium, J. Basic Microbiol., 52, 1–10 (2012) @No $ @ @ Park Y.K., Yum D.Y., Bal D.H. and Yu J.H., Xylanase from alkalophillicBacillus sp. YC- 335, Bios. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 56, 1355-1356 (1992) @No $ @ @ Nakamura S., Wakabayashi K., Nakai R., Aono R. and Horikoshi K., Purification and some properties of an alkaline xylanase from alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain 41M-1, W. J. Microbiol.  Biotechnol., 59(7), 2311–2316 (1993) @No $ @ @ Yang W.V., Zhuang Z., Eligir G. and Jeffries T.W., Alkalineactivexylanase produced by an alkaliphilic Bacillus sp isolated from kraft pulp, J. Ind .Microbiol., 15(5), 434–441 (1995) @No $ @ @ Kheng P.P.  and Omar I.C., Xylanase production by a local fungal isolate Apergillus niger USM AI 1 via solidstate fermentation using palm kernel cake (PKC) as substrate Songklanakarin, Song. J. Sci. Technol., 27, 325–336 (2005) @No $ @ @ Ghoshal G., Banerjee U.C., Chisti Y. and Shivharea U.S., Optimization of xylanase production from Penicillium citrinum in solid-state fermentation, Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q., 26 (1), 61–69 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bakri Y., Jawhar M. and Arabi M. I. E., Improvement of xylanase production by Cochliobolus sativus in submerged culture, Food Technol Biotechnol.,46, 116-118 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ghosh M., Das A., Mishra A.K. and Nanda G.,  Aspergillus sydowii MG 49 is a strong producer of thermostable xylanolytic enzymes, Enz. Microb. Technol., 15, 703-779 (1993) @No $ @ @ Haltrich D., Nidetzky B., Kulbe K.D., Steiner W. and Zupancic S.Production of fungal xylanases, Biores. Technol.,58, 137-161 (1996) @No $ @ @ Laxmi G.S., Sathish T., Rao S., Brahmaiah P., Hymavathi M. and Prakasham R.S., Palm fiber as novel substrate for enhanced xylanase production by isolated Aspergillus sp. RSP-6, Curr. Tren. Biotechnol. Pharm., 2(3), 447-455 (2008) @No $ @ @ Muthezhilan R., Ashok R., and Jayalakshmi S., Productionand optimization of thermostable alkaline xylanase by Pencilliumoxalicum in solid-state fermentation, Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 20–28 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sanghi A. Garg N., Gupta V.K., Mittal A.K. and Kuhad R.C.,One-step purification and characterization of cellulase-free xylanase produced by alkalophilic Bacillus subtilis, ASH Braz. J. Microbiol., 41, 467-476 (2010) @No $ @ @ Purkarthofer H., Sinner M.  and Steiner W., Cellulase-free xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus: Optimization of production in submerged and solid state culture,  Enz. Microb. Technol., 15, 677-682 (1993) @No $ @ @ Dhillon A.  and Khanna S., Production of a thermostable alkalitolerant xylanase from Bacillus circulans AB16 grown on wheat straw, W. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 27, 325–327 (2000) @No $ @ @ Shah A. R.  and Madamwar D., Xylanase production by a newly isolated Aspergillus foetidus strain and its characterization, Proc. Biochem.,40, 1763-1771 (2005) @No $ @ @ Khasin A., Alchanati I.  and Shoham Y., Purification and characterization of a thermostable xylanase from Bacillus stearothermophilus T-6, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 13, 365 (1993) @No $ @ @ S´a-Pereira P., Costa-Ferreira M. and Aires-Barros M. R., Enzymatic properties of a neutral endo-1,3(4)--xylanase XylII from Bacillus subtilis, J. Biotechnol., 94(3), 256–275 (2002) @No
<#LINE#>A study on the comparative effect of smoke of Havana-pooja and diesel on Chromolaena odorata<#LINE#>@KhelkerTuneer,Nurul@Haque<#LINE#>42-45<#LINE#>7.ISCA-JBS-2012-121.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany Govt. K.P.G. College Jagdalpur Bastar C.G, PIN 494001 INDIA<#LINE#>18/07/2012<#LINE#>31/07/2012<#LINE#>Three healthy Chromolaena odorata plant were taken and labeled as A, B and C respectively. Two of them were given different smoke conditions for 5 days. Primarily the effect of smoke produced from havana-pooja and combustion of diesel are compared to show that both have almost similar effect on plants. Secondly the minimum conditions which are required to make Havana-pooja a treatment therapy are studied. Plant A was allowed to grow under normal condition and plant B and C were treated with the smoke of havana - pooja and diesel respectively. Similar morphological symptoms were observed in planr B and C. Our study clearly shows that if havana-Pooja is not performed with care, instead of treatment for ailments it can be as lethal as inhaling diesel smoke.<#LINE#> @ @ Okon P.B. and U.C. Amalu, Using weed to fight weed, Leisa Magazine (2003) @No $ @ @ http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?si=47(retrieved on 20/04/2012) (2012)@No $ @ @ Struhsaker T.T., Struhsaker P.J. and Siex K.S., Conserving Africa’s rain forests: problems in protected areas and possible solutions, Biological Conservation, 123 (1), 45–54 (2005)@No $ @ @ Srivastava K.P. and Singh Vikash Kumar, Impact of Air-Pollution on pH of soil of Saran, Bihar, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(4), 9-13 (2012)@No $ @ @ Adamsab M. Patel and Hina Kousar, assessment of relatve water content, leaf extract pH, ascorbic acid and total chlorophyll of some plant species growing in Shivamogga, Plant Archives, 11(2), 935-939 (2011)@No $ @ @ Agbaire P.O., Air pollution tolerance indices (APTI) of some plants around Erhoike-Kokori oil exploration site of Delta State, Nigeria International Journal of Physical Sciences, 4(6), 366-368 (2009)@No $ @ @ http://harshad.wordpress.com/yagna%E2%80%93thefoundation- of-vedic-culture/ (retrieved on 20/04/2012) (2012)@No $ @ @ Joshi R.R., The Integrated Science of Yagna, Publisher: Yug Nirman Yojana Gayatri Tapobhumi, (2006)@No $ @ @ http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/A/ANR-0913/ANR-0913.pdf (retrieved on 25/4/2012) (2012)@No $ @ @ Christodoulakis N.S., Menti J. and Galatis B., Structure and Development of Stomata on the Primary Root of Ceratonia siliquaL, Annals of Botany, 89(1), 23–29 (2002) @No
<#LINE#>Decolorization of Azo dye Red 3BN by Bacteria<#LINE#>@PraveenKumarG.N.,K.@BhatSumangala<#LINE#>46-52<#LINE#>8.ISCA-IRJBS-2012-134.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Institute of Technology, Soladevanahalli, Bangalore-560 090, INDIA<#LINE#>7/8/2012<#LINE#>14/8/2012<#LINE#>Decolorization of azo dye Red 3BN by two bacterial species Bacillus cereus and B. megaterium has been analyzed using mineral effluent, consisting of known concentration of the dye in ZZ medium. Physico chemical parameters like carbon source, nitrogen source, temperature, pH and inoculum volume are optimized for the decolorization process by changing one parameter  at a time.  Optimal condition for  B. cereus was found to be 1% sucrose  0.25% peptone,  pH 7,  37°C and 8% inoculum and that  for  B.megaterium  was found to be glucose  1% ,  0.25% yeast extract, pH 6, 37C and 10% inoculum. Extent of decolorization recorded by B. cereus under ideal conditions was 93.64% and that by B.megaterium was 96.88%. The study has confirmed the potential of B. cereus and B. megaterium in the decolorization of Azo dye Red 3BN and opened scope for future analysis of their performance in the treatment of textile effluent. <#LINE#> @ @ Moorthi P.S., Selvam S.P., Sasikalaveni A., Murugesan K. and Kalaichelvan P.T.,  Decolorization of textile dyes and their effluents using white rot fungi, African J Biotech, 6(4), 424-429 (2007) @No $ @ @ Baljeet Singh Saharan and Poonam Ranga, Optimization of cultural conditions for decolourization of textile azo dyes by Bacillus subtilis spr42 under submerged fermentation, Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 2(1),148-153 (2011) @No $ @ @ Rafi F., Fraeankalin W. and Cerniglia C.E., Optimization of cultural condition for decolorization of textile effluent, Appl Environ Microbiol, 56, 2146 (1990) @No $ @ @ Anjali P., Poonam S. and  Leela I., Bacterial decolorization and degradation of azo dyes, Int Biodet Biodegr,  59,  73–84 (2007) @No $ @ @ Bhatti H.N., Akram N. and Asgher M., Optimization of culture conditions for enhanced decolorization of Cibacron Red FN-2BL by Schizophyllum commune IBL-6, Appl Biochem Biotecnol,  149,  255-264 (2008) @No $ @ @ Zollinger H., Colour Chemistry Synthesis Properties and Application of Organic Dyes and Pigments, VCH New York,  92–102 (1991) @No $ @ @ Abadulla E., Tzanov T., Costa S., Robra K., Cavaco A. and Gubitz G., Decolorization and detoxification of textiles dyes with Laccase from from trametes hirsuta, Appl Environ Microbial,  66(80), 3357 – 62 (2000) @No $ @ @ Pinherio H.M., Touraud E. and Tomas O., Aromatic amines from azo dye reduction: status review with emphasis on direct UV spectrophotometric detection in textile industry wastewater, Dyes and Pigments, 61(2),121-139 (2004) @No $ @ @ Talarposhti A.M., Donnelly T. and Anderson G., Color removal from a simulated dye wastewater using a two phase anaerobic packed bed reactor, Water Res,35(2),425–432 (2001) @No $ @ @ Wong P. and Yuen P., Decolorization and biodegradation of Methyl red by Klebsiella pneumoniae RS-13, Water Res,30(7), 1736-1744 (1996) @No $ @ @ Robinson T.,  McMullan G., Marchant R. and Nigam P., Remediation of dyes in textile effluent: a critical review on current treatment technologies with a proposed alternative (review), Biores Technol, 77(3), 247-255 (2001) @No $ @ @ Chen K.C., Wu J.Y., Liou D.J. and Hwang S.C.J., Decolorization of the textile azo dyes by newly isolated bacterial strains, J Biotechnol,101, 57–68 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ponraj M., Gokila K. and Vasudeo Zambare, Bacterial decolorization of textile dye- Orange 3R, International journal of advanced biotechnology and research ISSN 0976-2612, 2(1), 168-177 (2011) @No $ @ @ Chang J.S. and Kuo T.S., Kinetics of bacterial decolorization of azo dye with Escherichia coli NO3,Bioresource Technology, 75, 107–111 (2000) @No $ @ @ Chang J.S.,  Chou C. and Chen S.Y., Decolorization of azo dyes with immobilized Pseudomonas luteola, Process Biochemistry, 36, 757–763 (2001) @No $ @ @ Fu Y. and Viraraghavan T., Dye biosorption sites in Aspergillus nigerBioresource Technology, 82,139–145 (2002) @No $ @ @ Saikia N. and Gopal M., Biodegradation of -cyfluthrin by fungi, Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 52, 1220–1223 (2004) @No $ @ @ Fournier D., Halasz A., Thiboutot S.,  Ampleman G.,  Dominic M. and Hawari J. Biodegradation of octahydro- 1, 3, 5, 7- tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine (HMX) by Phnerochaete chrysosporium, New insight into the degradation pathway, Environmental Science and Technology, 38, 4130–4133 (2004) @No $ @ @ Aksu Z.. and Donmez G. , A comparative study on the biosorption characteristics of some yeasts for Remozal Blue reactive dye, Chemosphere, 50, 1075–1083 (2003) @No $ @ @ Gupta V.K., Rastogi A., Saini V.K. and Jain N., Biosorption of copper (II) from aqueous solutions by Spirogyra species, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,296, 59–63 (2006) @No $ @ @ Acuner E. and Dilek F.B., Treatment of tectilon yellow 2G by Chlorella vulgaris,Process Biochemistry, 39, 623–631 (2004) @No $ @ @ De-Bashan L.E., Moreno M., Hernandez J.P. and Bashan Y., Removal of ammonium and phosphorus ions from synthetic wastewater by the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris coimmobilized in alginate beads with the microalgaegrowth- promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense, Water Research,  36, 2941–2948 (2002) @No $ @ @ Valderama L.T., Del Campo C.M., Rodriguez C.M., De-Bashan E.L. and Bashan Y., Treatment of recalcitrant wastewater from ethanol and citric acid production using the microalga Chlorella vulgaris and the macrophyte Lemna minuscule, Water Research,36, 4185–4192 (2002) @No $ @ @ Yan H. and Pan G., Increase in biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate by Closterium lunula using inorganic carbon, Chemosphere,55,1281–1285 (2004) @No $ @ @ Gupta V.K., Mittal A., Krishnan L. and  Gajbe V., Adsorption kinetics and column operations for the removal and recovery of malachite green from wastewater using ash, Separation and Purification Technology,40, 87– 96 (2004) @No $ @ @ Kumar K.V., Sivanesan S.  and Ramamurthi V., Adsorption of malachite green onto Pithophora sp., a fresh water algae: equilibrium and kinetic modeling, Process Biochemistry, 40, 2865–2872 (2005) @No $ @ @ Sneath P.H.A., Mair N.S., Sharpe M.E. and Holf J.G., Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, U. S. A.,  , (1984) @No $ @ @ Arun Prasad A.S. and Bhaskara Rao K.V., Physico chemical characterization of textile effluent and screening for dye decolorizing bacteria, Global Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 80-86 (2010) @No $ @ @ Tripathi A. and Srivastava S.K., Biodegradation of orange G by a novel isolated bacterial strain Bacillus megaterium ITBHU01 using response surface methodology, African  Journal of Biotechnology, 11(7), 1768-1781 (2012) @No $ @ @ Modi  H.A.,  Rajput G. and Ambasana C., Decolorization of water soluble azo dye by bacterial cultures isolated from the dye house effluent,  Bioresource Technology,  101(16),6580-6583 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ola I.O., Akintokun A.K., Akpan I., Omomowo I.O. and Areo V.O., Aerobic decolourization of two reactive azo dyes under varying carbon and nitrogen source by Bacillus cereus, African  Journal of Biotechnology,  9(5), 672-677 (2010) @No $ @ @ Khan J.A., Biodegradation of Azo dye by moderately halotolerant Bacillus megaterium and study of enzyme azoreductase involved in degradation, Advanced Biotechnology, 10(7),  21-27 (2011) @No $ @ @ Namdhari B.S., Rohilla S.K., Salar R.K., Gahlawat S.K., Bansal P. and Saran A.K., Decolorization of Reactive Blue MR, using Aspergillus species isolated from Textile Waste Water,  ISCA Journal of Biological Sciences,  1(1), 24-29 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kumar Praveen G.N. and Sumangala K. Bhat., Fungal Degradation of Azo dye- Red 3BN and Optimization of Physico-Chemical Parameters,  ISCA Journal of Biological Sciences,1(2), 17-24 (2012) @No $ @ @ Raj Kumar S., Suresh Kumar R. and Jitender Kumar R., Decolorization of Reactive Black HFGR by Aspergillus sulphureus, ISCA J. Biological Sci., 1(1), 55-61 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>Effects of Mold Exposure on Murine Splenic Leukocytes<#LINE#>@GorhamK.,K.@Hokeness<#LINE#>53-56<#LINE#>9.ISCA-IRJBS-2012-137.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Science and Technology, Bryant University, Smithfield, RI, USA<#LINE#>7/8/2012<#LINE#>13/8/2012<#LINE#>The relationship between exposure to mold spores and human disease is only beginning to be understood. While evidence exists of strong correlations between moldy environments and allergic and infectious diseases, the relationship between exposure to specific species and human immune responses to them is not fully understood. This paper seeks to clarify this relationship by analyzing the effects of exposing murine splenic leukocytes to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by different toxic mold species.  Here we report that the VOC 1-octen-3-ol can have deleterious toxic effects on the splenic leukocytes and can initiate cytokine production by them which ultimately can contribute to illness including the hypersensitivity diseases that have been observed in individuals exposed to indoor mold for long periods of time.  <#LINE#> @ @ World Health Organization, Guidelines for indoor air quality: dampness and mould, (eds: E. Heseltine and J. Rosen), Druckartner Moser, Germany (2009) @No $ @ @ Bennett J.W. and Clich M., Mycotoxins, Clinical Microbiology Review., 16, 497-516 (2003) @No $ @ @ Bush R.K., Portnoy J.M., Saxon A., Terr A.I. and Wood R.A., The medical effects  of mold exposure, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology,  117, 326-333 (2006) @No $ @ @ Andriessen J.W., Brunekreef B. and Roemer W., Home dampness and respiratory health status in European children, Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 28, 1191-1200 (1998) @No $ @ @ Greenberger P.A., Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 110, 685-692 (2002) @No $ @ @ Luong A. and Marple B.F., Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 4, 465-470 (2004) @No $ @ @ Hung F. and Clark R.F., Health effects of mycotoxins: a toxological overview, Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology, 42, 217-34 (2004) @No $ @ @ Kankkunen P., Rintahaka J., Aalto A., Leino M., Majuri M., Alenius H., Wolff H. and Matikainen S., Trichothecene mycotoxins activate inflammatory response in human macrophages, Journal of Immunology, 182,6418-6425 (2009) @No $ @ @ Paananen A., Mikkola R., Sareneva T., Matikainen S., Andersson M., Julkunen I., Salkinoja-Salonen M.S. and Timonen T., Inhibition of Human NK Cell Function by Valinomycin, a Toxin from Streptomyces griseus in Indoor Air, Infection and Immunity, 68, 165-169 (2000) @No $ @ @ Inamdar A.A., Masurekar P. and Bennett J.W., Neurotoxicity of fungal volatile organic compounds in Drosophila Melanogaster,  Toxicol Sci., 117(2), 418-26 (2010) @No $ @ @ Thompson W.L. and Wannemacher R.W. Jr., Structure-function relationship of 12, 13-epoxytrichothecene mycotoxins in cell culture: comparison of whole animal lethality, Toxicon, 24, 985-994 (1986) @No $ @ @ Salazar-Mather T.P., and Hokeness K.L., Curr Top Microbiol Immunol., 303, 29-46 (2006) @No $ @ @ Paananen A., Mikkola R., Sareneva T., Matikainen S., Andersson M., Julkunen I., Salkinoja-Salonen M.S. and Timonen T., Inhibition of human NK cell function by valinomycin, a toxin from Streptomyces griseus in indoor air,  Infect and Immun., 68(1), 165-9 (2000) @No $ @ @ Bondy G.S. and Pestka J.J., Immunomodulation by fungal toxins, J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev., 3(2), 109-43 (2000) @No $ @ @ Methenitou G., Maravelias C., Athanaselis S., Dona A. and Koutselinis A., Immunomodulative effects of aflatoxins and selenium on human natural killer cells, Vet Hum Toxicol,43(4), 232-4 (2001) @No $ @ @ Nakade Dhanray B., Antibiotic sensitivity of common bacterial pathogens against selected Quinolones, ISCA J. Biological Sci.,1(1), 77-79 (2012) @No $ @ @ Shaziya Bi and Goyal P.K., Anthelmintic effect of Natural Plant (Carica papaya) extract against the Gastrointestinal nematode, Ancylostoma caninum in Mice, ISCA J. Biological Sci.,1(1), 2-6 (2012) @No $ @ @ Masih Usha, Shrimali Ragini and Naqvi S.M.A., Antibacterial Activity of Acetone and Ethanol Extracts of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) on four Food Spoilage Bacteria, ISCA Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(4), 7-11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Illath Sujina and Subban Ravi, In-vitro Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic ativity of Methanolic extract of Osbeckia wynaadensis,ISCA. Res. J. Biological Sci., 1(4), 33-38 (2012) @No $ @ @ Prajapati Ajaypal, Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Insecticidal Activity Studies of 5-Nitro N’-[Arylidenhydrazidomethyl Indole] 2-(Substituted Aryl)-3-(N’-Indolyl Acetamiddyl)-4-Oxothiazolidines, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1, 99-104 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>GC-MS, HPTLC and Antimicrobial analysis of Root extracts of Pseudarthria viscida Wight and Arn and Desmodium gangeticum (Linn) DC<#LINE#>@HemlalH,Ravi@Subban<#LINE#>57-65<#LINE#>10.ISCA-IRJBS-2012-144.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, Karpagam University, Eachanari, Coimbatore-641 021, INDIA<#LINE#>14/8/2012<#LINE#>22/8/2012<#LINE#>The present study was performed to evaluate the chemical composition of the methanol extract of Pseudarthria viscida (L) Wight and Arn and Desmodium gangeticum (Linn) DC. 43 compounds have been identified from P. viscida extract and the major chemical constituents are cis-Vaccenic acid (16.47%), sitosterol (13.73%) and stigmasterol (6.24%).18 compounds have been identified from D.gangeticum and the major chemical constituents are 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (41.71%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (9.43%) and Octadecanoic acid (5.9%). Stigmasterol was quantified from both extracts by HPTLC method (105.15 µg/ml and 20.9 µg/ml respectively). In- vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of methanolic extracts of P.viscida and D.gangeticum was evaluated in the present study. The zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration were measured. Ampicillin (30 g/disc) and mystatin (20 g/disc) were used as standard for antibacterial and antifungal activity respectively. <#LINE#> @ @ Vasudevan Nair R., Controversial Drug Plants, Universities press, 175 (2004) @No $ @ @ Warrier P.S.,  Indian Medicinal Plants,1Longman Private Limited, New Delhi, 366-370 (1994) @No $ @ @ Warrier P.S.,  Indian Medicinal Plants,1Longman Private Limited, New Delhi, 319-322 (1994) @No $ @ @ Kirtikar K.R., Basu B.D., Indian Medicinal plants, 2Delhi, 343, 757-759 (1987) @No $ @ @ Deepa  M.A., Narmatha B.V. and Baskar Sproperties of Pseudarthria viscidaFitoterapia584 (2004) @No $ @ @ Vijayabaskaran M. and Venkiteswaramurthy Nvitro antioxidant evaluation of Pseudarthria viscidaInternational journal of Pharmaceutical research21-23 (2010) @No $ @ @ Masirkar V.J., Deshmukh V.ND.M., Anti Diabetic Activity of the ethanolic extract of  Pseudarthria viscidaroot against Alloxan Induced Diabetes in Albino Rats, Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 1(4), 541-542 (2008)@No $ @ @  Saravanan C., Shantha kumar SNarayanaswamy V.B. and Varunraj S, Antiand diuretic effect of plant extracts of (L) Weight & Arn, International journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy, 1(2)9.Vijayabaskaran M., Venkiteswaramurthy Nvitro cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of viscida Linn,International journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, 2(3)10.Vijayabaskaran M. and Venkiteswaramurthy NAntidiarrhoeal activity of Pseudarthria viscidaInternational journal of Pharmacy and technology307-313 (2010) @No $ @ @ 11.Mathew G.M. and Sasikumar JPseudarthria viscida,Indian journal of  psciences, 69(4), 581-583 (2007) @No $ @ @ , Shantha kumar S., Anandan R., Varunraj S, Anti-inflammatory and diuretic effect of plant extracts of Pseudarthria viscidaInternational journal of Research in 1(2), 506-509 (2010) @No $ @ @ , Venkiteswaramurthy N., et. al.,In cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of Pseudarthria International journal of pharmacy and , 93-94 (2010) @No $ @ @ Venkiteswaramurthy N., et.al., Pseudarthria viscida roots, International journal of Pharmacy and technology, 2(2), Sasikumar J.M., Antioxidant activity of Indian journal of  pharamaceutical (2007) @No $ @ @ Hemlal Hariharan, Sujina Illath, Prabhu Velliangiri and Ravi Subban, Cytotoxic activity of the alkaloids and free radical scavenging activity of the aqueous extract of the Pseudarthria viscida (L) Wight and Arn, Journal of Pharmacy Research, 4(8), 2707-2709 (2011) @No $ @ @ I. Res. J. Biological Sci.          International Science Congress Association 6513.Ghosal S. and Banerjee P.K., Alkaloids of the roots of Desmodium gangeticum, Aust. J. Chemistry, 22, 2029-31 (1969) @No $ @ @ 4.Ghosal S. and Bhattacharya S.K., Desmodium alkaloids II, Chemical and pharmacological evaluation of Desmodium gangeticum, Planta Medica, 22, 434-440 (1972) @No $ @ @ 5.Behari M. and Varshney A., Sterols from Desmodium species, Indian drugs, 23, 434-435 (1986) @No $ @ @ 6.Purushothaman K.K., Kishore V.M., et.al., The structure and stereochemistry of Gangetin, a new pterocarpan from Desmodium gangeticum (Leguminosae), Journal of Chemical Society (C), 2420-2422 (1971) @No $ @ @ 7.Purushothaman K.K., Chandrasekharan S., et.al., Gangetinin and desmodin, two minor pterocarpanoids of Desmodium gangeticum, Phytochemistry, 14, 1129-1130 (1975) @No $ @ @ 8.Muzaffer A., Pillai N.R. and Purushothaman K.K., Examination of biochemical parameter after administration of Gangetin in female albino rats, Journal of Research in Ayurveda Sidha, , 172-175 (1982) @No $ @ @ 9.Rastogi S.C., Tiwari G.D., et.al., Phospholipids from the seeds of Desmodium gangeticum, Planta Medica, 20, 131-132 (1971) @No $ @ @ 20.Mukat B., Varshney A,Sterols from Desmodium species, Indian drugs, 23, 434-435 (1986) @No $ @ @ 1.Yadava R.N. and Tripathi P.A., Novel flavone glycoside from the stems of Desmodium gangeticum,Fitoterapia, 69, 443-444 (1998) @No $ @ @ Yadava R.N. and Reddy K.S., A new 8-C-prenyl-5,7,5-trimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy flavones of Desmodium gangeticum DC, Journal of Institute of Chemists (India), 70, 213-214 (1998) @No $ @ @ 3.Jabbar S., Khan M.T. and Choudhari M.S., The effects of aqueous extracts of Desmodium gangeticum DC (leguminosae) on the central nervous system, Pharmazie, 56, 506-508 (2001) @No $ @ @ 4.Govindarajan R. and Rastogi S. et.al., Studies on the antioxidant activities of Desmodium gangeticum,Biol.Pharm. Bull., 26, 1424-1427 (2003) @No $ @ @ 5.Singh Nasib, Mishra Pushpesh Kumar, et.al., Efficacy of Desmodium gangeticum extract and its fractions against experimental visceral leishmaniasis, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 98, 83-88 (2005) @No $ @ @ 6.Pushpesh Kumar Mishra, Nasib singh, et.al., Glycolipids and other constituents from Desmodium gangeticum with antileishmanial and immunomodulatory activities, Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry  Letters, 15(20), 4543-4546 (2005) @No $ @ @ 7.Gino A Kurian, Sachu Philip and Thomas Varghese, Effect of aqueous extract of the Desmodium gangeticum DC root in the severity of myocardial infarction, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 97, 457-461 (2005) @No $ @ @ 8.Raghavan Govindarajan, Madhavan Vijayakumar, et.al., Antioxidant activity of Desmodium gangeticum and its phenolics in arthritic rats, Acta. Pharm., 56, 489-496 (2006) @No $ @ @ 9.Amia Tirkey, Some ethnomedicinal plants of family-Fabaceae of Chattisgarh state, Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 5(4), 551-553 (2006) @No $ @ @ 30.Niranjan A. and Tiwari S.K., Phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Desmodium gangeticum(Linn.) DC, Natural Product Radiance, 7(1), 35-39 (2008) @No $ @ @ 1.Gino A. Kurian and Jose Paddikkala, Oral delivery of insulin with Desmodium gangeticum root aqueous extract protects rat hearts against ischemia reperfusion induced injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 94-100 (2010) @No $ @ @ 2.Vijayalakshmi G., Deepti K., Arjuna Rao P.V. and Lakshmi K.V.S.S., Phytochemical evaluation and antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of Desmodium gangeticum DC, Journal of Pharmacy Research, 4(7), 2335-2337 (2011) @No $ @ @ Illath Sujina and Subban Ravi, In vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic avtivity of methanolic extract of Osbeckia wynaadensis, ISCA Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(4), 33-38 (2012) @No $ @ @ 4.Suryavathana Muthukrishnan and Rajan Thinakaran, Chemical investigation of Pseudarthria viscida root by GC-MS analysis, Pharmacognosy Communications, 2(3), 26-29 (2012) @No $ @ @ 5.Gino A Kurian,Srilalitha Suryanarayanan, Archana Raman and Jose Paddikkala, Antioxidant effects of ethyl acetate extract of Desmodium gangeticum root on myocardial  ischemia reperfusion injury in rat hearts, Chinese medicine, 5(3), (2010) @No $ @ @ 6.Powell J.P. and Wenzel R.P., Antibiotic option for treating community-acquired MRSA, Expert Rev. Anti Infect. Ther., , 299-307 (2008) @No
<#LINE#>Phytochemical Analysis of Four Traditionally Important Aquatic Species<#LINE#>A.@Pepsi,@BenC.P.,S.@Jeeva<#LINE#>66-69<#LINE#>11.ISCA-IRJBS-2012-145.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, Nesamony Memorial Christian College, Marthandam, Kanyakumari – 629165, Tamilnadu, INDIA Department of Botany, Scott Christian College (Autonomous), Nagercoil, Kanyakumari – 629003, Tamilnadu, INDIA<#LINE#>16/8/2012<#LINE#>21/8/2012<#LINE#>The present study deals with four aquatic plants such as Marsilea quadrifolia, Centella asiatica, Trapa natans and Ipomea aquatica which were collected from different localities of Marthandam, Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu which are being consumed raw or as vegetable. These species were extracted with five different solvents viz. petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, distilled water and evaluated for their biomolecules and phytochemicals. The findings of the study provided evidences that various solvent extracts of these tested plants contain medicinally important bioactive compounds and it justifies their use in the traditional medicines for the treatment of various diseases as well as for nutritive purposes. <#LINE#> @ @ Hassan L.G., Umar K.J. and Tijjani A.A., Preliminary investigation on the feed quality of Monechma cilitionseeds,  Chem.class Journ.,  4, 81-83 (2007) @No $ @ @ Rahman A.H.M.M., Rafiul Islam A.K.M., Naderuzzaman A.K.M., Hossain M.D. and Rowshatul A., Studies on the aquatic angiosperms of the Rajshahi University campus, Res. J. Agri. and Biol. Sci., 3, 474-480 (2007) @No $ @ @ Anjana Dewanji, Aminoacid composition of leaf proteins extracted from some aquatic weeds, J. Agric. Food. Chem.,  41, 1232-1236 (1993) @No $ @ @ Duke J.A. and Ayensu E.S., Medicinal plants of China, Reference publications Inc., ISBN 0-917256-20-4 (1985) @No $ @ @ Schofield J.J., Discovering wild plants, Alaska, Western Canada, the Northwest, Alaska Northwest Books, G.TE Discovery Publications, Inc., 22023 20th Ave. S.E.Bothell, WA.98021 (1989) @No $ @ @ Brinkhaus B., Lindner M., Schuppan D. and Hahn E.G., Chemical, pharmacological and clinical profile of the East Asian medical plant Centella asiatica, Phytomedicine, 7(5), 427-48 (2000) @No $ @ @ Jayashree G., Kurup M., Sudarslal S. and Jacob V.B., Anti-oxidant activity of Centella asiatica on lymphoma-bearing mice, Fitoterapia., 74, 431-434 (2003) @No $ @ @ James J.T. and Dubery I.A., Pentacyclic triterpenoids from the medicinal herb, C.asiatica (L.), Urban.Molecules,14,3922-41 (2009) @No $ @ @ Matsuda H., Morikawa T., Ueda H. and Yoshikawa M., Medicinal food stuffs, XXVII. Saponin constituents Gotu Kola(2): Structures of new ursane and oleanane type triterpene oligoglycisides, centellsaponin B,C and D from C.asiatica cultivated in Srilanka, Chem. Pharm.Bull., 49,1368-71 (2001) @No $ @ @ Wang X.S., Liu L. and Fang J.N., Immunological activities and structure of pectin from C.asiatica,  Carbohyd Polym.,  60, 95-101 (2005) @No $ @ @ Subban R., Veerakumar A., Manimaran R., Hashim K.M. and Balachandran I., Two new flavanoids from C.asiatica (L.),  J. Nat. Med.,  62, 369-73 (2008) @No $ @ @ Chopra R.N., Nayar S.L. and Chopra I.C., Glossary of Indian medicinal plants. New Delhi, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, (1980) @No $ @ @ Cho K.H., Clinical experiences of madecassol (C.asiatica) in the treatment of peptic ulcer, Korean J. Gastroenterol., 13, 49-56 (1981) @No $ @ @ Zheng C.J. and Qin L.P., Chemical components of C.asiatica and their bioactivities,  J. Chin Integ Med.,  5,348-51 (2007) @No $ @ @ Appa Rao M.V.R., Srinivas K. and Koteshwar Rao T., The effect of Mandookaparni (C.asiatica) on the general mental ability of mentally retarded children,  J.Res. Indian Med., 8, 9-16 (1973) @No $ @ @ Howes M.R. and Houghton P.J., Plants used in Chinese and Indian traditional medicine for improvement of memory and cognitive function, Pharm. Biochem. Behav., 75, 513-527 (2003) @No $ @ @ Anonymous, The ayurvedic Pharmacopoedia of India 1sted. Part 1, Vol.IV. New Delhi, India: Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, 452 (2003) @No $ @ @ Anonymous, The Wealth of India. A Dictionary of Indian Raw Material and Industrial Products. Vol.X. New Delhi, India: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, 197 (1976) @No $ @ @ Anjaria J., Parabia M. and Dwivedi S., Ethnoveterinary heritage Indian ethnoveterinary medicine-an overview, Ahmedabad, India:Pathik enterprise, 223 (2002) @No $ @ @ Khare C.P., Indian medicinal plants: an Illustrated dictionary, Berlin, Heidelberg:Springer, 667 (2007) @No $ @ @ Oomen H.A.P.C. and Grubben G.J.H., Tropical leaf vegetables in human nutrition. Communication 69, Dept. of Agr. Research, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Orphan Publishing Co.,Willemstad, Curacao, (1978) @No $ @ @ Lowry O.H., Rosebrough N.J., Farr A.C. and Randall R.J., Protein measurement with folin-phenol reagent, J.Biol.Chem., 193, 265-275 (1951) @No $ @ @ Jermyn M.A., Increasing the sensitivity of anthrone method for carbohydrate, Anal.Biochem., 68, 332-335 (1975) @No $ @ @ Zhisen J., Meng Cheng T. and  Jianming W., Food Chemistry,64, 555-559 (1999) @No $ @ @ Obdoni B.O. and Ochuko P.O., Phytochemical Studies and Comparative Efficacy of the Crude Extract of some Homostatic Plants Plants in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria,  Glob. J. Pure Appl. Sci., 8b, 203-208 (2001) @No $ @ @ Edeoga H.O., Okwu D.E. and Mbaebie B.O., Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants, African J. Biotech.,   685-688 (2005) @No $ @ @ Gibbs R.D., Chemotaxonomy of flowering plants McGill-Queen’s university press, Monteral and London, 1, 523-619 (1974) @No $ @ @ Jayaraman J., Laboratory manual in Biochemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd (1981) @No $ @ @ Igwenyi I.O., Offor C.E., Ajah D.A., Nwankwo O.C., Ukaomah J.I. and Aja P.M., Chemical compositions of Ipomea aquatica (Green Kangkong), Int. J. Pharma and Bio., 2(4), B 594-598 (2011) @No $ @ @ Thangavel Arumugam., Muniappan Ayyanar., Yesudason Justin Koil Pillai and Thangavel Sekar, Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of leaf and callus extracts of Centella asiatica,  Bangladesh J. Pharmacol.,  6, 55-60 (2011) @No $ @ @ Harshal A.D. and Sanjivani R.B., Phytochemical analysis of Cassia obtusifolia, Cassis auriculata, Tephrosia purpurea, Helictres isora and Centella asiatica, Int. J. Pharma & Bio., 2(3), B 363-367 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kandukuri Vasu, Jakku Vinayasagar Goud, Aruri Suryam and Singara Charya M.A., Biomolecular and phytochemical analyses of three aquatic angiosperms, Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.,3(8), 418-421 (2009) @No $ @ @ Singh R., Singh S.K. and Arora S., Evaluation of antioxidant potential of ethyl acetate extract/fractions of Acacia auriculiformis,A.Cunn. Fod Chem. Toxicol.,45,1216-1223 (2007) @No $ @ @ Han X., Shen T. and Lou H., Dietry polyphenols and their biological significance, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 950-988 (2007) @No $ @ @ Yadav R.N.S. and Munin Agarwala, Phytochemical analysis of some medicinal plants,  J. Phytol., 3(12), 10-14 (2011) @No $ @ @ Nagendra Prasad K., Shivamurthy G.R. and Aradhya S.M., Ipomea aquatica, an under utilized green leafy vegetables: A review,  Int. J. Bot., 1, 123-129 (2008) @No $ @ @ Daniel M., Polyphenols of some Indian vegetables, Curr.Sci., 58, 1332-1333 (1989) @No $ @ @ Neelu Singh, Wild edible plants: a potential source of nutraceuticals, Int. J. Pharma Sci. Res., 2(12), 216-225 (2011) @No
<#LINE#>A Cadaveric Analysis of the Vastus Medialis Longus and Obliquus and their Relationship to Patellofemoral Joint Function<#LINE#>@CarlsonK.,M.@Smith<#LINE#>70-73<#LINE#>12.ISCA-JBS-2012-091.pdf<#LINE#>Central College, Department of Exercise Science, 812 University Street, Pella, IA, USA@Department of Applied Health Science, Wheaton College, 501 College Avenue, Wheaton, IL-60187, USA <#LINE#>11/6/2012<#LINE#>13/6/2012<#LINE#>This anatomical study examined: i. whether the VMO and VML are two distinct muscles, ii. muscle fiber angles of the VMO and VML, iii. VMO and VML muscle fiber lengths, iv. VMO nerve supply, v. VMO insertion onto the patella.  The length of the VML, VMO superior, and VMO inferior sections were calculated as a percentage of total VM length.  Fiber angle data for VML, VMO superior, and VMO inferior were determined according to the femoral axis.  It was concluded that the distal portion of the VMO is not distinctly separated from the proximal portion of the VM and VML.  There was not a distinct fascial plane between the two sections.  Each head of the VM was innervated by different branches of the femoral nerve. Most of the VM inserts into the quadriceps tendon with only a small portion inserting directly into the patella. <#LINE#> @ @ Toumi H., Poumarat G., Benjamin M., Best T., F’Guyer S. and Fairclough J., New insights into the function of the vastus medialis with clinical implication,  Med. Sci. Sports Exerc; 39(7), 1153-1159 (2007) @No $ @ @ Karst G.M. and Willett G.M., Onset timing of electromyographic activity in the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis muscles in subjects with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome,  Phys. Ther,75(9), 813-823 (1995) @No $ @ @ Mirzabeigi E., Jordan C., Gronley J.K., Rockowitz, N.L. and Perry, J., Isolation of the vastus medialis oblique muscle during exercise,  Am. J. Sports. Med,27(1), 50-53 (1999) @No $ @ @ Peeler J., Cooper J., Porter M.M., Thiveris J.A. and Anderson J.E., Structural parameters of the vastus medialis muscle,  Clin. Anat,18(4), 281-289 (2005) @No $ @ @ Lieb F.J. and Perry J., Quadriceps function. An anatomical and mechanical study using amputated limbs, J. Bone Joint Surg, 50, 1535-1548 (1968) @No $ @ @ Gunal I., Arac S., Sahinoglu K. and Birvar, K., The innervation of vastus medialis obliquus,  J. Bone Joint Surg,74-B, 624 (1992) @No $ @ @ Hubbard J.K., Sampson H.W. and Elledge, J.R., Prevalence and morphology of the vastus medialis oblique muscle in human cadavers,  Anat. Rec,249(1)135-142 (1997) @No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Production and Applications of Artificial seeds: A Review<#LINE#>@DhabhaiRavi,An@Prakash,@<#LINE#>74-78<#LINE#>13.ISCA-JBS-2012-106.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, P.O. Banasthali Vidyapith, INDIA<#LINE#>2/7/2012<#LINE#>30/7/2012<#LINE#>Artificial seeds are most commonly described as encapsulated somatic embryos. They are product of somatic cells, so can be used for large scale clonal propagation. Apart from somatic embryos, other explants such as shoot tips, axillary buds have also been used in preparation of artificial seeds. Artificial seeds have a variety of applications in plant biotechnology such as large scale clonal propagation, germplasm conservation, breeding of plants in which propagation trough normal seeds is not possible, genetic uniformity, easy storage and transportation etc. For some plants such as ornamental plants, propagation trough somatic embryogenesis and artificial seeds is the only way out. In the present paper- the types, advantages, production methods and various applications of artificial seeds have been reviewed. <#LINE#> @ @ Bewley J.D. and Black M., Seeds: Physiology of Development and germination, Plenum Press, New York, 367 (1985) @No $ @ @ Roy B. and Mandal A.B., Development of synthesis seed involving androgenic and pro-embryos in elite indica rice, Indian Journal of Biotechnology, , 515-519 (2008) @No $ @ @ Bekheet S.A., A synthetic seed method through encapsulation of in vitro proliferated bulblets of garlic Allium sativum L.), Arab J. Biotech. , 415-426(2006) @No $ @ @ Khor E. and Loh C.S., Artificial seeds, In: Applications of Cell Immobilisation Biotechnology, 527-537 (2005) @No $ @ @ Vdovitchenko Y.M. and Kuzovkina I.N., Artificial Seeds as a Way to Produce Ecologically Clean Herbal Remedies and to Preserve Endangered Plant Species, Moscow Univ. Biolog. Sci. Bullet., 66(2), 48–50 (2011) @No $ @ @ Asmah  N.H., Hasnida N.H., Nashatul Zaimah N. A., Noraliza A. and Nadiah Salmi, N., Synthetic seed technology for encapsulation and re growth of in vitroderived Acacia hyrid shoot and axillary buds, African J. Biotechnol., 10(40), 7820-7824 (2011) @No $ @ @ Pond S. and Cameron S., Artificial Seeds, Tissue Culture, Elsevier Ltd., 1379-1388 (2003) @No $ @ @ Grey D.J., Artificial Seed, In: Seed Development/ Artificial Seed, Elsevier Ltd., (2003) @No $ @ @ Biradar S., Development and Evaluation of Synthetic Seed in Sugarcane, M.Sc. Dissertation, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculatural Sciences, Dharwad, India (2008) @No $ @ @ Redenbaugh K., Viss P., Slade D., and Fujii J-.A. Scaleup: artificial seeds. In: Green CE, Sommers DA, Hackett WP, and Biesboer DD (eds) Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, 473–493 (1987) @No $ @ @ Murashige T. and Skoog F., A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures, Physiol. 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<#LINE#>Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Activities of Cassia fistula Linn.<#LINE#>@BhaleraoS.A.,T.S.@Kelkar<#LINE#>79-84<#LINE#>14.ISCA-JBS-2012-115.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Botany, Wilson College, Mumbai– 400 007, INDIA <#LINE#>8/7/2012<#LINE#>18/7/2012<#LINE#>  Cassia fistula Linn. (Family Leguminosae, Sub – family Caesalpinea), a very common Indian plant is known for its medicinal properties. This plant is also known as Indian Laburnum, Yellow shower because of its characteristic yellow flowers in pendulous raceme and with typical branches. It is a native of Tropical Asia. It is widely cultivated in South Africa, Mexico, East Africa and Brazil. This plant is used in folk medicine for tumors of the abdomen, glands, liver and throat cancer. It is also used to cure burns, constipation, convulsions, diarrhea, dysuria and epilepsy. Ayurvedic medicines recognizes as carminative and laxative. It is also used to cure leprosy, skin dieseases and syphilis. Phytochemical investigations prove its importance as an important valuable medicinal plant. C. fistula is known to be an important source of secondary metabolites notably phenolic compounds. It is known as rich source of tannins, flavonoids and glycosides. Pharmacological activities include antibacterial, antidiabetic, antifertility, anti-inflammatory antioxidant, hypatoprotective, antitumor, antifungal activities. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review on morphology, traditional uses, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities. <#LINE#> @ @ Prashanth Kumar V., Chauhan N.S., Padh H. and Rajani M., Search for antibacterial antifungal agents from selected Indian medicinal plants, J. 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(Amulthus)- An Important Medicinal Plant: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties, J.Nat.Prod.Plant Resour,1(1), 101-118 (2011) @No $ @ @ Gupta R.K., Medicinal and Aromatic plants, CBS publishers & distributors, 1st edition, 116-117 (2010) @No $ @ @ Gupta A.K., Tondon N. and Sharma M., Quality Standards of Indian Medicinal Plants, Medicinal Plants Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, , 47-53 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part 1, Vol.5, New Delhi, Government of India Publication, 8-9  (2001) @No $ @ @ Kirtikar K.R. and Basu B.D., Indian Medicinal Plants, International book distributors, 2, 856-860 (2006) @No $ @ @ Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia revised new edition Indian Drug Manufacturers Association Mumbai, 106-113 (2002) @No $ @ @ Danish Mohd., Pradeep Singh, Garima Mishra, Shruti Srivastava K.K., Jha R.L. and Khosa, Cassia fistula Linn. 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Cassia fistula Linn. (Amulthus)- An Important Medicinal Plant: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties, J.Nat.Prod.Plant Resour, 1(1), 101-118 (2011) @No $ @ @ Satyavati G.V. and Sharma M. 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<#LINE#>Plants: "Green" Route for Nanoparticle Synthesis<#LINE#>Salam@HasnaAbdul,P.@Rajiv,M.@Kamaraj,P.@Jagadeeswaran,@SangeethaGunalan,Sivaraj@Rajeshwari<#LINE#>85-90<#LINE#>15.ISCA-IRJBS-2012-138.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA<#LINE#>8/8/2012<#LINE#>17/8/2012<#LINE#>  The synthesis of nanoparticles has become the matter of great interest in recent times due to its various advantageous properties and applications in various fields. Though physical and chemical methods are more popular for nanoparticle synthesis, the biogenic production is a better option due to eco-friendliness. This review reports the potential of plants i.e. “green chemistry” to synthesize nanoparticles not only in the laboratory scale but also in their natural environment. 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