@Research Paper
<#LINE#>The in -vitro activity of an extract derived from selected Endophytic fungal species isolated from Psidium guajava against Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei<#LINE#>Hussaina Sani @Baba,Faruk Sani @Nas,Ahmad Kabir @Maigari,Salisu @Abubakar <#LINE#>1-7<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJBS-2024-007.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Kano State@Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Kano State@Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Kano State@Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Kano State and Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex, P.M.B. 186, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria<#LINE#>20/1/2024<#LINE#>13/6/2024<#LINE#>The research focused on the isolation and identification of endophytic fungi, as well as the assessment of the potency of secondary metabolites produced by the isolates from Psidium guajava L. (leaves and stems) against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. A range of endophytic fungal species were isolated using modified surface sterilisation techniques. A random selection of three isolates was made in order to analyse their produced secondary metabolites. Phytochemical screening was carried out using standard procedures on ethylacetate and methanolic extract (50:50v/v). The extracts were also subjected to in vitro anti-trypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei at different doses ranging from 10 mg/ml to 0.15625 mg/ml.In addition the brine shrimp fatality assay was used to assess the extracts' toxicity tests. The presence of steroids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoid, and alkaloids was shown by the phytochemical data. The results of the in vitro antitrypanosomal activity showed that the extracts significantly reduced the concentrations of surviving trypanosomes six hours after incubation when compared to the number in the negative control wells. The Aspergillus nidulan extract had the maximum activity among the studied extracts, with no surviving parasites at 10 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/ml. In comparison to the reference standard, potassium dichromate (LC50 0.80µg/ml), the Brine Shrimp lethality assay showed that extracts of A. nidulan, Fusarium moniliforme, and Rhizoctonia sp. were less toxic to brine shrimp (LC50 206µg/mL, 173.5µg/mL, and 110µg/mL). The statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 2.0 was used to analyse the mean survival rate using two-way Analysis of Variance (p<0.05). This discovery offered empirical evidence that endophytic fungus of Psidium guajava generate a profusion of non-toxic medicinal chemicals, much like their host plants.<#LINE#>Cayla, M., Rojas, F., Silvester, E., Venter, F. and Matthews, R. K. (2019).@African trypanosomes.@Journal of parasites and vector, (12), 190.@No$Oyda, S. (2017).@Review on traditional ethno-veterinary medicine and medicinal plants used by indigenous people in Ethiopia: practice and application system.@Int J Res, 5, 109-19.@Yes$Dabo, N. T. and Maigari, A. K. (2017).@Soft Options for Effective Diagnosis of African Animal Trypanosomosis: A Review.@International Journal of Medical Evaluation and Physical Report, 1(2), 1 - 9.@Yes$World Health Organization (2020).@Applied microbiology: Rhodesian human African trypanosomiasis (rHAT) in Kafue Nation Park, Zambia-David square Zambia Hokkaido University.@Journal of food and microbiology, (4),1-12.@No$Food and Agricultural Organization (2020).@Tsetsefly and Trypanosomiasis Control.@https://www.researchgate.net. Retrieved June, 2020.@No$Delespaux, V., Vitouley, H. S., Marcotty, T., Speybroeck, N., Berkvens, D., Roy, K., ... & Van den Bossche, P. 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(2015).@Antitrypanosomal activity of khaya senegalensis and Anogeissusleiocarpus stem bark on trypanosome brucei brucei infected rats.@@Yes$Oses, R., Valenzuela, S., Freer, J., Sanfuentes, E., & Rodriguez, J. (2008).@Fungal endophytes in xylem of healthy Chilean trees and their possible role in early wood decay.@Fungal Divers, 33(7), 77-86.@Yes$Salisu, A., R.W., Ndana, A. and Samuel, A. (2017).@Bioprospective potentials of endophytic fungi (penicillium SPP) isolated from leaves of Azadirachta indica (A.JUSS). International Journal of Biological Research, 5(1), 15-21.@undefined@Yes$Sadananda, T. S., Nirupama, R., Chaithra, K., Govindappa. M., Chandrappa, C. P., Vinay R. B. (2011).@Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of endophytes from Tabebuiaargentea and identification of anti-cancer agent (lapachol).@Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(16), 3643 – 3652.@Yes$Madki, M. A., Manzoor, A. S., Powar, P. V. and Patil. K. S. (2010).@Isolation and biological activity of endophytic fungi from Withania Somnifera.@International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sci., 2(3), 848-858.@Yes$Bulus, T. and Addau, F. T. (2013).@@Comparative Anti-trypanosomal Screening of Methanolic of K. senegalensis and M.  oleifera.@Yes$Herbert, W. J. and Lumsden, W. H. R. (1976).@Trypanosoma brucei brucei, a rapid "matching" method for estimation of host@Experimental Parasitology, (40), 427 – 431.@Yes$Magadula, Joseph J., Joseph N. Otieno, Ramadhani S. Nondo, Claude Kirimuhuzya, E. Kadukuli, John A.  Orodho  and Paul Okemo. (2012).@Anti-Mycobacterial and Toxicity Activities of Some Priority Medicinal Plants from Lake Victoria Basin, Tanzania.@European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2(2), 125-131.@Yes$Gurupavithra, S. and Jayachitra, A. 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(2015).@In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the Anti-trypanosomal activity of fractions of Holarrhenaafricana.@Journal Ethnopharmacology, (113), 556-559.@Yes$Efterpi, C., Eleftherios, B., Ilias, G. and Panagiota, F. (2012).@Aromatic Plants as Sources of Bioactive Compounds.@Agriculture, (2), 228-243.@Yes$Sosovele, M. E., Hosea, K. M. and Lyimo T. J. (2012).@In vitro antimicrobial activity of crude extracts from marine Streptomyces isolated from mangrove sediments of Tanzania.@Journal of Biochemistry and Technology, (3). 431-435@Yes
<#LINE#>Plant growth and yield Performances of four Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) accessions in a high rainforest agro-ecology of Nigeria<#LINE#>Victoria @Wilson,Eugenia Ebene @Goodlife <#LINE#>8-12<#LINE#>2.ISCA-IRJBS-2024-015.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria@Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria<#LINE#>10/7/2024<#LINE#>7/10/2024<#LINE#>Four turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Accessions; Atale temidire, Uromi, Red ginger, and Kaddiodowere assessed for growth and yield performances in a high rainforest agro-ecology of Rivers State Nigeria. Single plantlets of the 4 accessions were raisedin 20kg of soil contained in perforated polythene bags. The research was conducted with 3 replications in a completely randomized design. The following data were analysed using the F-test in ANOVA; plant height, number of tillers andleaves, lamina lengthand width, length of parent/mother rhizome and yield per plant.Mean values obtained were comparedwith LSD (P=0.05). Uromi 36.9cm, and Red ginger 33.8cm, were significantly taller than Atale temidire 20.3cm, and Kaddiodo 17.8cm and had significantly higher lamina width; Uromi 12.8cm, Red ginger 11.7cm, than Atale temidire 7.5cm and Kaddiodo 6.3cm. Red ginger 15, Uromi 13, Atale temidire 13, had significantly more leaves than Kaddiodo 8. Length of mother rhizomes of Atale temidire 12.2cm, Uromi 12cm and Red ginger 11.2cm were significantly different from Kaddiodo 6.2cm. Yields of Atale temidire 925g, Red ginger 873g and Uromi 848g were significantly higher than Kaddiodo 504g. The 3 genotypes are recommended for further evaluation and cultivation over larger areas of the region.<#LINE#>Dudekula M. V, Kandasamy V, Balaraman S. S, Selvamani S. B, Muthurajan R, Adhimoolam K, Manoharan B and Natesan S (2022).@Unlocking the genetic diversity of Indian turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) germplasm based on rhizome yield traits and curcuminoids.@Front. Plant Sci. 13:1036592. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1036592@Yes$Jilani MS, Waseem K, Habib-ur-Rehman M, Kiran G, Ahmad J (2012).@Performance of Different Turmeric Cultivars in Dera Ismail Khan.@Pakistan J. Agric. Sci., 49, 47-5.@Yes$Roy S; S K Verma, D K Hore, A K Misra, R S Rathi and S K Singh (2011).@Agro-morphological diversity in turmeric (Curcuma longa) accessions collected from north-eastern India.@Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 81(10), 898–902.@Yes$Taghavi, T; Rahemi, A; Rafie, R and Kering M.K. (2021).@Optimizing Turmeric Tissue Culture, Testing Different Media and a Plant Growth Regulator Matrix.@Hort Technology, 31(6), 692-704.@Yes$Karim MR, Abedul H, Khairul A, Nurshad AS, Kazi A, Zahangir H, Ekhtear F, Abul A, Anwarul H, Seiichiro H, K(2010).@Protective effects of the dietary supplementation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on sodium arsenite induced biochemical perturbation in mice.@Bangladesh Med Res Council Bull, 36, 82-88.@Yes$Wu, K., X. Zhang, S. Sun, and X. Wang. (2015).@Factors affecting the accumulation of curcumin in microrhizomes of Curcuma aromatic Salisb.@BioMed Res. Intl., 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/740794@Yes$Basak D and J C Jana (2016).@Performances on Growth and Rhizome Sizes of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Varieties, Grown Under Conventional and Organic Nutrient Management Practices under Terai Region of West Bengal.@International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, 6(2), 257-262.@Yes$Bandopadhya S., S. Chakraborty, S. Datta, A. Devnath, M.K. Roy and S. Haque (2016).@Conservation and evaluation of turmeric germplasms in Terai region of West Bengal, India.@Eco. Env. & Cons., pp. (S299-S302).@Yes$Araújo C A C and Leon L L. (2001).@Biological activities of Curcuma longa L. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 96, 723–728.@undefined@Yes$Thakur S, Bawara B, Dubey A, Nandini D, Chauhan N S and Saraf D K. (2009).@Effect of Carum carvi and Curcuma longa on hormonal and reproductive parameter of female rats.@International Journal of Phytomedicine, 1, 31–8.@Yes$Abdel-Aziz M.T., El-Asmar M., El-Ibrashy I.N., Ameen M.R., Al- Malki A.L., Wassef, Hanan M.A., Fouad H., Ahmed H.H., Taha F.M. (2012).@Effect of novel water soluble curcumin derivative on experimental type- 1 diabetes mellitus (short term study).@Diabetol Metab Syndr, 2, 1-10.@Yes$Lekshmi P.C., Arimboor R., Nisha V.M., Nirmala M.A., Raghu. K.G. (2013).@In vitro antidiabetic and inhibitory potential of turmeric (Curcuma longa L) rhizome against cellular and LDL oxidation and angiotensin converting enzyme.@J Food Sci Technol, 51(12), 3910-3917.@Yes$Selvi N.M.K., Sridhar M.G., Swaminathan R.P., Sripradha R. (2015).@Efficacy of turmeric as adjuvant therapy in type 2 Diabetic patients.@Indian J Clin Biochem, 30(2), 180-186.@Yes$Karthikeyan, A., Young, K. N., Moniruzzaman, M., Beyene, A. M., Do, K., Kalaiselvi, S., et al. (2021).@Curcumin and its modified formulations on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): The story so far and future outlook.@Pharmaceutics, 13(4), 484. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics 13040484@Yes$Khanna N. M. (1999).@Turmeric–Nature@Current science, 76(10), 1351-1356.@Yes$Hossain M. D. Amzad, Yukio Ishimine., (2005).@Growth, Yield and Quality of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Cultivated on Dark-red Soil, Gray Soil and Red Soil in Okinawa, Japan.@Plant Production Science, 8(4), 482-486.@Yes$Singletary, K. (2010).@Turmeric: an overview of potential health benefits.@Nutrition Today, 45(5), 216-225.@Yes$Gabr, S.A., Elsaed, W.M., Eladl, M.A., El-Sherbiny, M., Ebrahim, H.A., Asseri, S.M., Eltahir, Y.A.M., Elsherbiny, N. and Eldesoqui, M. (2022).@Curcumin Modulates Oxidative Stress, Fibrosis, and Apoptosis in Drug-Resistant Cancer Cell Line.@Life., 12(1427), 1-26.@Yes$Bahl, J. R., Bansal, R. P., Garg, S. N., Gupta, M. M., Singh, V., Goel, R., & Kumar, S. (2014).@Variation in yield of curcumin and yield and quality of leaf and rhizome essential oils among Indian land races of turmeric Curcuma longa L.@@Yes$Thaikert R. and Paisooksantivatana Y. (2009).@Variation of total curcuminoids content, antioxidant activity and genetic diversity in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) collections. Kasetsart, J. (Nat. Sci.), 43, 507-518.@undefined@Yes$Hewlings J. S and Kalyan S. D. (2017).@Curcumin: A Review of Its Effects on Human Health, food, 6(10), 92.@undefined@Yes$Eze-Steven, P.E., Onyishi, C.K. and Nnaji G. S (2021).@Investigating the Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemicals of Ethyl acetate Extract of Curcuma longa (turmeric). Inosr Applied Sciences, 7(1), 32-36, 2021.@undefined@Yes$Indian Spice Board Statistics (2020).@Major item/country-wide export of spices from India.@24 July 2020.@No$Karthik Varma and Sreeraj Gopi. (2020).@Production, Economics and Marketing of Turmeric.@The Chemistry and Bioactive Components of Turmeric, 307-323.@Yes$Gaur, A., Bhushan, A., Samnotra, R.K., Chopra, S., Kumar, M. and Walia, A. (2021).@Evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes under sub-tropical plains of Jammu region (J&K).@International Journal of Chemical Studies; 9(1), 3557-3561 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/ chemi.2021.v9.i1ax.11785.@Yes$Sahu, S., Sushila, D. and Limji, S. (2021).@An economic analysis of turmeric cultivation in the Bemetara district of Chhattisgarh.@The Pharma Innovation Journal, 10(12), 1006-1010.@Yes$Hosen, D., Rabbi, F., Raihan, A. and Al Mamun, A. (2021).@Effect of turmeric dye and biomordants on knitted cotton fabric coloration: A promising alternative to metallic mordanting.@Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 3, 1-11.@Yes$Globe Newswire. (2020).@Curcumin market size, share & trends analysis report by application, by region and segment forecasts, 2020–2027. 13 Oct. 2020. <https:// www.reportlinker.com/p05886335/?utm_ source=GNW@undefined@Yes$Olojede, A. O., & Nwokocha, C. C. (2011).@A decade of research on minor root and tuber crops at NRCRI: The contribution towards food sufficiency and economic empowerment in Nigeria. Root and Tuber Crops Research for Food Security and Empowerment.@CO Amadi, KC Ekwe, GO Chukwu, AO Olojede, CN Egesi (Eds), 396.@Yes$Olife I. C, Onwualu A P, Uchegbu K I, Jolaoso M A (2013).@Status Assessment of Spice Resources in Nigeria.@J Biol, Agric Healthcare, 3(9), 12-18.@Yes$Ayilla, V. N. (2022).@Technical Efficiency of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Production in Kaduna State, Nigeria.@Journal of Agricultural Policy, 5(1), 24-32.@Yes$Amadi Charles, Olojede A. O. and Obasi Martin (2015).@Growth and yield of turmeric in a derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria,@International Journal of Agricultural Policy and Research, 3(11), 388-395.@Yes$Sasikumar B. (2005).@Genetic resources of Curcuma: diversity, characterization and utilization.@Plant Genetic Resources, 3(2), 230-251.@Yes$Geethanjali A, Lalitha P and Jannathul Firdhouse M. (2016).@Analysis of Curcumin Content of Turmeric Samples from Various States of India.@International Journal of Pharma and Chemical Research, 2(11); 55-62.@Yes$Deb, B.C. and Chakraborty, S. (2017).@Evaluation of Genetic Variability and Characterization of Some Elite Turmeric Genotypes in Terai Region in India.@Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 6(5), 2357-2366.@Yes$Mishra P. and Singh T. (2017).@Evaluation of different turmeric genotypes for yield and yield attributing traits on the basis of mean performance.@International Journal of Pure and Applied Biosciences, 5(4), 771-774.@Yes$Maurya R, Pandey VP, Yadav S, Verma R. (2018).@Evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes for growth, yield and quality traits under Northern Plains of India.@International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, (5), 2472-2477.@Yes$Mohan Kumar A.B, Vasundhara M, Shyamalamma S, Doreswamy C and Veena S Anil (2020).@DUS descriptor characterization of black turmeric (Curcuma caesiaRoxb.) genotypes.@International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8(4), 2656-2664.@Yes$Rajyalakshmi, R., Naidu, L.N., Rajasekhar, M., Sudhavani V. (2013).@Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.).@Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 104-107.@Yes$Kallur L G, Hegde N K, Shashidhar M D. (2017).@Performance of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes under hill zone (Zone-9) of Karnataka.@International Journal of Pure Applied Biosciences, 5(3), 783-787.@Yes$Kandiannan K, Anandaraj M, Prasath D, John Zachariah T, Krishnamurthy KS and Srinivasan V (2015).@Evaluation of short and tall true turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties for growth, yield and stability.@Indian J. Agric. Sci.@Yes$Singh V, Acharya SK, Sarolia DK and Panchori D. (2015).@Varietal performance of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) under southern parts of Rajasthan.@Hort Flora Research Spectrum, 4(2), 182-183.@Yes$Prasath D, Jeapen S, Sasikumar B. (2016).@Performance of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes for yield and root-knot nematode resistance.@Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 86(9), 1189-1192.@Yes$Salimath SJ, Venkatesha YK, Kotikal, Ravirajshetty G. (2016).@Screening of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cultivars for quality in southern dry zone of Karnataka.@Asian Journal of Horticulture, 11(1), 186-188.@Yes$Olojede AO, Nwokocha CC, Akinpelu AO, Dalyop T (2009).@Effect of Variety, Rhizome and Seed Bed Types on Yield of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) under a Humid Tropical Agro-Ecol.@Adv. Biol. Res., 3, 40-42.@Yes$Padmadevi, K., Jeeva Jothi L., Ponnuswami V., Durgavathi V. and Rijwana, I.P. (2012).@Effect of different grades of rhizomes on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.).@Advance Research Journal on Crop Improvement, 3(2), 99-101.@Yes$Mohan Kumar A.B, Vasundhara M, Shyamalamma S, Doreswamy C and Veena S A. (2020).@DUS descriptor characterization of black turmeric (Curcuma caesiaRoxb.) genotypes.@International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8(4), 2656-2664.@Yes$Chadha K.L. (2001).@Turmeric, In: Handbook of Horticulture, ICAR, New Delhi.@undefined@Yes$Krishna, S.V., Sivakumar, V., Umajyothi, K., Dorajeerao, A.V.D. and Umakrishna, K. (2019).@Performance of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes for growth and yield under high altitude and tribal zone of Andhra Pradesh.@International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 8(2), 156-162.@Yes$Anandraj M., Prasath D, Kandiannan K, Zachariah TJ, Srinivasan V. and Jha AK et al. (2014).@Genotype by environment interactions effects on yield and curcumin in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.).@Industrial Crops & Production, 53, 358–364.@Yes
<#LINE#>Extraction and characterization of secondary metabolites from Wild Senna and analyse it’s in vitro antimicrobial activity for pharmacological applications<#LINE#>Prajakta @Patle,Anju @Meshram <#LINE#>13-18<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJBS-2024-025.pdf<#LINE#>Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur-493225, India@Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur-493225, India<#LINE#>31/8/2024<#LINE#>29/12/2024<#LINE#>The Asteraceae family stands out as one of the largest and most diverse flowering plant families globally, encompassing over 1600 genera and 2500 species. The importance of weeds in pharmacology encompasses a range of valuable contributions to the field of research. Medicinal plants play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry, serving as valuable sources of compounds that serve as precursors for drug development. This research delves into the preliminary phytochemical analysis revealing its richness in phenolic and flavonoid secondary metabolites, with the presence of tannins exclusively in its crude methanolic extract. Through qualitative phytochemical analysis, the research has identified the presence of various bioactive compounds such as Phenols, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Alkaloids, Tannins, Steroids, Carbohydrates, Glycosides, Amino Acids, and Proteins. Weeds constitute a diverse group of plants, and their various species often contain a wide array of chemical compounds. These bioactive compounds can be explored for their pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antioxidant activities. Weeds can serve as precursors for the synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs. Understanding the chemical composition of weeds allows researchers to identify and extract compounds that may be used as starting materials or inspiration for drug development. Weeds have been used in traditional medicine by various cultures for centuries. The collective pharmacological potential of its diverse members underscores the importance of further research and exploration of this plant family for its potential contributions to preventive and therapeutic applications in human health. Utilizing weeds as a sustainable resource aligns with the growing emphasis on environmentally friendly and economically viable drug discovery. This article consolidates current knowledge on the medicinal properties and traditional uses of these plants, shedding light on their wide-ranging pharmacological actions including anti-diarrhoeal, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-plasmodial activities.<#LINE#>Anisuzzaman, M., Ahsan, M. Q., Kuddus, M. R., & Rashid, M. A. (2014).@Pharmacological Activities of Senna obtusifolia Linn.: A Medicinal Plant of Bangladesh.@Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal, 17(2), 182-186.@Yes$Dedehou, V. F. G. N., Olounladé, P. A., Alowanou, G. G., Azando, E. V. B., & Hounzangbé-Adoté, S. (2016).@A review on medicinal plants of Parkia biglobosa (Mimosaceae-Fabaceae) and Pterocarpus erinaceus (Leguminosae-Papilionoidea).@Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 4(6), 132-137.@Yes$Jeruto, P., Arama, P. F., Anyango, B., & Maroa, G. (2017).@Phytochemical screening and antibacterial investigations of crude methanol extracts of Senna didymobotrya (Fresen.) HS Irwin & Barneby.@Journal of Applied Biosciences, 114, 11357-11367.@Yes$Fangbo, A., Wilfred, N.D., Joseph, C.N., Mbaiguinam, M. & Nicolas, N.Y. (2024).@Production, nutritional value and toxicity of Kawal, a fermented product from the leaves of Cassia obtusifolia (L.):A review.@European J. Nutr. Food Saf., 16(2), 30-41.@No$Chandramohan, K., Khan, S. & Husen, A. (2024).@Antimicrobial response, traditional and other potential uses of the genus Senna, In: Antimalarial Medicinal Plants.@Edition: 1, Chapter: 16, Taylor & Francis Publication, CRC Press, ISBN: 978-10-03378-39-6.@No$Momoh, H.,Olaleye, A.A., Sadiq, I.S. & Ahmed, H.(2022).@Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Cassia obtusifolialeaves extracts.@Bayero J. Pure Appl. Sci., 6(13), 277-282.@Yes$Nirmala, A. (2024).@Evaluation of phytochemicals, antioxidants and antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa seed extracts.@Afr. J. Bio. Sci., 6(9), 5603-5616.@No$Yousuf, M., Rupam, M.R.I., Halder, S., Manik, M.I.N.&Rashid, M.H.A. (2014).@Antimicrobial activity of different extracts from leaves of aspecific medicinal plant(Senna obtusifolia).@World J. Pharm. Pharmaceu. Sci., 12(3), 204-214.@Yes$Vedekoi, J. & Selestin, S.D. (2020).@In vitro antioxidant property and phytochemical constituents of Senna alata.@Pharma. Biosci. J., 8(3),15-21@Yes$Doughari, J.H. El-mahmood, A.M. & Tyoyina, I.(2008).@Antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts of Senna obtusifolia (L).@African J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2(1),7-13.@Yes$Isah, A., Abdullahi, M.&Tsado, M.J. (2015).@Evaluation of phytochemical, anti-Nutritional and antioxidant potentials of flower and seed methanol extract of Senna alata L. grown in Nigeria.@Am. J. Appl. Chem., 3(3), 93-100@Yes$Jothirathinam, T. & Victor, V.D. (2016).@Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Senna uniflora (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby.@World J. Pharm. Res., 5(6), 1608-1619.@Yes$Abubakar, A. (2021).@Shoot growth and yield of transplanted Senna obtusifolia (Sickle pod) seedlings in response to different levels (0g, 4g, 8g and 12g) of NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer in Bichi: A potential crop for post Covid-I9 economic recovery.@IOSR J. Agri. Vet. Sci., 14(1) 14-20.@Yes
<#LINE#>Determination of percentage growth inhibition of Fusarium sp. treated with different solvent extracts obtained through different extraction procedure<#LINE#>Atmaja Elina @Mishra,Nibha @Gupta <#LINE#>19-25<#LINE#>4.ISCA-IRJBS-2024-027.pdf<#LINE#>Plant Pathology and Microbiology Division, Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha-751015, India@Plant Pathology and Microbiology Division, Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha-751015, India<#LINE#>25/9/2024<#LINE#>20/11/2024<#LINE#>Fungi are remarkable organisms, known for their ability to synthesize diverse secondary metabolites that play key roles in defence and ecological adaptation. Fungi like Penicillium oxalicum have garnered attention due to their ability for producing secondary metabolites with notable antifungal properties. This study investigated the antifungal activity of Penicillium oxalicum against seven pathogenic Fusarium species, namely F. equiseti, F. poae, F. oxysporum, F. javanicum, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, and F. solani. Large-scale production of P. oxalicum was followed by the extraction of bioactive compounds using Soxhlet extraction and column chromatography with a range of polar and non-polar solvents. The antifungal activity of the extracted compounds was assessed using the pour plate method, and growth inhibition of the Fusarium species was recorded. The results demonstrated that solvent selection significantly impacted the antifungal efficacy of both extraction methods. Soxhlet extraction using ethyl acetate exhibited superior inhibition for F. equiseti (57.55%), F. proliferatum (65.73%), and F. javanicum (45.33%). Additionally, hexane in Soxhlet extraction was particularly effective against F. verticillioides (70.28%), while column extraction with isopropanol and ethyl acetate yielded the highest inhibition for F. solani (65.12% and 65.03%, respectively). In some cases, both extraction methods showed similar inhibition rates, as seen with F. poae and F. oxysporum when using ethyl acetate. Overall, ethyl acetate proved to be a highly effective solvent in both extraction methods, particularly in Soxhlet extraction, across multiple Fusarium species. These findings suggested that the extraction method and solvent choice are crucial for the antifungal potential of P. oxalicum metabolites, highlighting their potential use in eco-friendly biocontrol strategies against Fusarium infections in agriculture.<#LINE#>Bills, G.F. and Gloer, J.B. (2016).@Biologically active secondary metabolites from the fungi. Microbiology spectrum, 4(6), 10-128. https://doi.org/10.1128/ microbiolspec.funk-0009-2016@undefined@Yes$Thirumurugan, D., Cholarajan, A., Raja, S.S. and Vijayakumar, R. (2018).@An introductory chapter: secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites-sources and applications.@1, 13. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen. 79766@Yes$Basit, A., Shah, S.T., Ullah, I., Ullah, I. and Mohamed, H.I. (2021).@Microbial bioactive compounds produced by endophytes (bacteria and fungi) and their uses in plant health.@Plant growth-promoting microbes for sustainable biotic and abiotic stress management, 285-318. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66587-6_11@Yes$Ribera, A.E. and Zuniga, G. (2012).@Induced plant secondary metabolites for phytopatogenic fungi control: a review.@Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, 12(4), 893-911. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162012005000 040.@Yes$Elhamouly, N.A., Hewedy, O.A., Zaitoon, A., Miraples, A., Elshorbagy, O.T., Hussien, S., El-Tahan, A. and Peng, D. (2022).@The hidden power of secondary metabolites in plant-fungi interactions and sustainable phytoremediation.@Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, 1044896. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1044896@Yes$Navarro, M.O., Piva, A.C., Simionato, A.S., Spago, F.R., Modolon, F., Emiliano, J., Azul, A.M., Chryssafidis, A.L., Andrade, G. (2019).@Bioactive compounds produced by biocontrol agents driving plant health.@Microbiome in Plant Health and Disease: Challenges and Opportunities 337-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8495-0_15@Yes$Khan, R.A., Najeeb, S., Hussain, S., Xie, B. and Li, Y. (2020).@Bioactive secondary metabolites from Trichoderma spp. against phytopathogenic fungi.@Microorganisms, 8(6), 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/micro organisms8060817@Yes$Larena, I., Melgarejo, P. and De Cal, A. (2003).@Drying of conidia of Penicillium oxalicum, a biological control agent against Fusarium wilt of tomato.@J. Phytopathol, 151, 600–606.  https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0931-1785.2003. 00772.x@Yes$Sabuquillo, P., Cal, A.D. and Melgarejo, P. (2006).@Biocontrol of tomato wilt by Penicillium oxalicum formulations in different crop conditions.@Biol. Control 37, 256–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.02. 009.@Yes$Kurjogi, M., Basavesha, K.N. and Savalgi, V.P. (2021).@Impact of potassium solubilizing fungi as biopesticides and its role in crop improvement.@In Biocontrol Agents and Secondary Metabolites; Woodhead Publishing: Sawston, UK 23–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822919-4.00002-8@Yes$Ting, A.S.Y., Mah, S.W., Tee, C.S. (2012).@Evaluating the feasibility of induced host resistance by endophytic isolate Penicillium citrinum BTF08 as a control mechanism for fusarium wilt in banana plantlets.@Biol. Control, 61,155–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol. 2012.01.010@Yes$Fang, J.G. (1995). Efficacy of Penicillium funiculosum as a biological control agent against Phytophthora root rots of azalea and citrus. Phytopathology, 85, 871–878. https://doi.org/10.1094/phyto-85-871@undefined@undefined@Yes$Shafique, S., Attia, U., Shafique, S., Tabassum, B., Akhtar, N., Naeem, A. and Abbas, Q. (2023).@Management of mung bean leaf spot disease caused by Phoma herbarum through Penicillium janczewskii metabolites mediated by MAPK signaling cascade.@Sci. Rep., 13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30709-6@Yes$Manathunga, K.K., Gunasekara, N.W., Meegahakumbura, M.K, Ratnaweera, P.B., Faraj. T.K., Wanasinghe, D.N. (2024).@Exploring Endophytic Fungi as Natural Antagonists against Fungal Pathogens of Food Crops.@Journal of Fungi, 10(9), 606. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10090606@Yes$Ghany, A.T. (2014).@Eco-friendly and safe role of Juniperus procera in controlling of fungal growth and secondary metabolites.@Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, 5(3), 1.@Yes$Chapla, V.M., Zeraik, M.L., Leptokarydis, I.H., Silva, G.H., Bolzani, V.S., Young, M.C., Pfenning, L.H. and Araújo, A.R. (2014).@Antifungal compounds produced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, an endophytic fungus from Michelia champaca.@Molecules, 19(11), 19243-52. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191119243@Yes$Gu, H., Zhang, S., Liu, L., Yang, Z., Zhao, F., Tian, Y. (2022).@Antimicrobial potential of endophytic fungi from Artemisia argyi and bioactive metabolites from Diaporthe sp. AC1.@Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, 908836. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.908836@Yes$Kumari, R., Kumar, V., Arukha, A.P., Rabbee, M.F., Ameen, F., Koul, B. (2024).@Screening of the biocontrol efficacy of potent Trichoderma strains against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Scelrotium rolfsii causing wilt and collar rot in chickpea.@Microorganisms, 12(7), 1280. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12071280@Yes$Diaz-Garcia, E., Valenzuela-Quintanar, A.I., Sanchez-Estrada, A., Gonzalez-Mendoza, D., Tiznado-Hernandez, M.E., Islas-Rubio, A.R. and Troncoso-Rojas, R. (2024).@Phenolic Compounds Synthesized by Trichoderma longibrachiatum Native to Semi-Arid Areas Show Antifungal Activity against Phytopathogenic Fungi of Horticultural Interest.@Microbiology Research, 15(3), 1425-40. https://doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres15030096@Yes$Ali, S.A., Abdelmoaty, H., Ramadan, H. and Salman, Y. (2024).@The endophytic fungus epicoccum nigrum: isolation, molecular identification and study its antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani.@Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences, 13(5), e10093.@Yes$Campos, R.P. and Jacob, J.K. (2021).@Biocontrol potential of endophytic Aspergillus spp. against Fusarium verticillioides.@Biotropia, 28(2).@Yes$Camacho-Luna, V., Rodriguez-Hernández, A.A., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Norma, R., Sepulveda-Jimenez, G. (2022).@Identification of endophytic fungi of Ageratina pichinchensis with antagonistic activity against phytopathogens of agricultural importance.@Revista mexicana de ciencias agricolas, 13(6), 1027-40.@Yes$Lakhesar, D.P.S., Backhouse, D. and Kristiansen, P (2010).@Nutritional constraints on displacement of Fusarium pseudograminearum from cereal straw by antagonists.@Biol. Control, 55, 241–247.@Yes
<#LINE#>Histopathological effects of Muntingia Calabura leaf extract against Pomacea Canaliculata using Rice field Mimicking method<#LINE#>Jessica A. @Argawanon,Jenelle @Advincula,Glen S. @Nolasco,John Dave A. @Dicuangco,Marilyn S. @Arcilla <#LINE#>26-31<#LINE#>5.ISCA-IRJBS-2024-028.pdf<#LINE#>Institute of Arts and Sciences, Mabalacat City College, Mabalacat City, Pampanga, Philippines@Institute of Arts and Sciences, Mabalacat City College, Mabalacat City, Pampanga, Philippines@Institute of Arts and Sciences, Mabalacat City College, Mabalacat City, Pampanga, Philippines@Don Honorio Ventura State University, Bacolor, Pampanga, Philippines@Institute of Arts and Sciences, Mabalacat City College, Mabalacat City, Pampanga, Philippines<#LINE#>12/10/2024<#LINE#>19/12/2024<#LINE#>Pomacea canaliculata, also referred as the golden apple snail, is an invasive species significantly affecting agricultural crop production. Its rapid proliferation, secretion of contaminants like eggs and slime, and aggressive feeding habits have driven the search for safe, toxic-free alternatives to conventional pesticides. Among various plants, Muntingia calabura L., has gained attention for its potential as a natural pesticide. This study aimed to assess the molluscicidal activity of ethanolic leaf extract of M. calabura (ELEMC). Snail biossay was performed in simulated rice field, exposing the P. canaliculata to varying concentrations ranging from 200 to 1000 mg/L for 48 h. Mortality rates were recorded every 12h. Results showed that concentrations from 800 mg/L (T4) to 1000 mg/L (T5) were comparable to the commercial positive control. Probit analysis revealed that the LC50 was at 870.96 mg/L. A very high positive correlation (r=0.8358) was also observed between the concentration and mortality. Histopathological analysis of gills of ELEMC-treated snails revealed severe damage to the gills showing vacuolization, complete loss of cilia, degenerated columnar cells, reduced hemocyte quantity, splitting and degeneration of gill filaments. The molluscicidal activity of the extract may be accounted for from the presence of phytochemicals as revealed from literature. In conclusion, the ELEMC could be a potential source of molluscicide against P. analiculata.<#LINE#>de Brito, F. C., & Joshi, R. C. (2016).@The golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata: a review on invasion, dispersion and control.@Outlooks on Pest Management, 27(4), 157-163.@Yes$Kumar, P. (2020).@A review—on molluscs as an agricultural pest and their control.@International Journal of Food science and agriculture, 4(4), 383-389.@Yes$Noorshilawati, A. A., Nur Suraya, A., & Siti Rossiyah, S. (2020).@Molluscicidal activity of Ipomoea batatas leaf extracts against Pomaceacanaliculata (Golden apple snail).@Food Research, 4(5), 131-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(S5).003@Yes$Prabhakaran, G., Bhore, S. J., & Ravichandran, M. (2017).@Development and evaluation of poly herbal molluscicidal extracts for control of apple snail (Pomacea maculata).@Agriculture, 7(3), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ agriculture7030022@Yes$Su, B. N., Park, E. J., Vigo, J. S., Graham, J. G., Cabieses, F., Fong, H. H., ... & Kinghorn, A. D. (2003).@Activity-guided isolation of the chemical constituents of Muntingiacalabura using a quinone reductase induction assay.@Phytochemistry, 63(3), 335-341. https://doi.org/10. 1016/S0031-9422(03)00112-2@Yes$Yamauchi, F. A. B., Nolasco, G. S., David, L. F. S., Dizon, S. J. D., Tejano, A. C. V., Arcilla, M. S., et al. (2023).@Anti-necrotic potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Ziziphus talanai against monosodium glutamate-induced cytoarchitectural alterations in the brain of albino mice.@Sciencetific Journal of Tan Trao University, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.51453/2354-1431/2022/862@Yes$Sarsu, F., Ghanim, A., Das, P., Bahuguna, R. N., Kusolwa, P. M., Ashraf, M., ... & Ingelbrecht, I. (2018).@Pre-field screening protocols for heat-tolerant mutants in rice (p. 39).@Springer Nature.@Yes$Joshi, R. C., San Martín, R., Saez-Navarrete, C., Alarcon, J., Sainz, J., Antolin, M. M., ... & Sebastian, L. S. (2008).@Efficacy of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) saponins against golden apple snail (Pomaceacanaliculata) in the Philippines under laboratory conditions.@Crop Protection, 27(3-5), 553-557. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.cropro.2007.08.010@Yes$Shen, X., Wang, Z., Liu, L., & Zou, Z. (2018).@Molluscicidal activity of Solidago canadensis L. extracts on the snail Pomaceacanaliculata Lam.@Pesticide biochemistry and physiology, 149, 104-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.06.009@Yes$El-Sherbini, G. T., Zayed, R. A., & El-Sherbini, E. T. (2009).@Molluscicidal activity of some Solanum species extracts against the snail Biomphalaria alexandrina.@Journal of Parasitology Research, (1), 474360.@Yes$Nolasco, G., Escoto, G. A., David, L. F., & Yamauchi, F. A. (2023).@Amelioration of Behavioral and Cognitive Impairment of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Ziziphus Talanai Against MSG in Mice.@Journal of Healthcare and Biomedical Science, 2(1), 24-34. https://doi.org/10.31098 /jhbs.v2i1.1835@Yes$Twaij, B. M., & Hasan, M. N. (2022).@Bioactive secondary metabolites from plant sources: types, synthesis, and their therapeutic uses.@International Journal of Plant Biology, 13(1), 4-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb13010003@Yes$Madariaga-Mazon, A., Hernández-Alvarado, R. B., Noriega-Colima, K. O., Osnaya-Hernández, A., & Martinez-Mayorga, K. (2019).@Toxicity of secondary metabolites.@Physical Sciences Reviews, 4(12), 20180116. https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2018-0116@Yes$Picardal, M. T., Panlaan, K. T., Castaño, P. M. L., Peña, L. G., Abella, K. T., & Picardal, J. P. (2018).@Molluscicidal activity of the aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulb against golden apple snail (Pomaceacanaliculata L.).@International Journal of Bioscience, 13(2), 75-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/13.2.75-87@Yes$Aarthi, N., Abinaya, S., Nithyasri, G. R. N., Thanga Brindha, T., Sneka, P., & Vijina, C. V. (2021)@Phytochemical screening and Antivectoral activity of Muntingiacalabura.@Journal of Advanced Applied Scientific Research. 3(5), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.46947/ joaasr352021122@Yes$Gurning, K., & Sinaga, H. (2020).@In vitro anti-diabetic potential extract test of seri (Muntingiacalabura, L.) leaves.@Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 8(6), 39-41. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd. v8i6.874@Yes$Sari, S. A., Ernita, M., Mara, M. N., & AR, M. R. (2020).@Identification of active compounds on Muntingiacalabura L. leaves using different polarity solvents.@Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology, 3(1), 1-7. https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/1982061@Yes$Buhian, W. P. C., Rubio, R. O., Valle Jr, D. L., & Martin-Puzon, J. J. (2016).@Bioactive metabolite profiles and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts from Muntingiacalabura L. leaves and stems.@Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 6(8), 682-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.06.006@Yes$Surjowardojo, P., Sarwiyono, I. T., & Ridhowi, A. (2014).@Quantitative and qualitative phytochemicals analysis of Muntingiacalabura.@Extraction, 4(16).@Yes$Edis, J. K., Basay, F., Castillo, V., Alegado, D., Alicante, A., Alon, J., ... & Picardal, J. (2018).@In vitro evaluation of the molluscicidal activity of Euphorbia tirucalli latex extract against the mollusk rice pest Pomaceacanaliculata (Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae).@Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 13(2), 237-245.@Yes$Misnan, R., Aziz, N. S. A., Yadzir, Z. H. M., Abdullah, N., Bakhtiar, F., & Murad, S. (2016).@Comparison of allergenic proteins of sea snail (Cerithideaobtusa) and freshwater snail (Pomaceacanaliculata).@Jurnal Teknologi, 78(11). https://doi.org/10.11113/.v78.7940@Yes$Barreto-Linhares, L. P. M., Pereira, B. V. N., Dantas, M. K. G., Bezerra, W. M. D. S., Viana-Marques, D. D. A., de Lima, L. R. A., & Sette-de-Souza, P. H. (2022).@Schinopsisbrasiliensis Engler—Phytochemical Properties, Biological Activities, and Ethnomedicinal Use: A Scoping Review.@Pharmaceuticals, 15(8), 1028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15081028@Yes$Pereira, L. P. L. A., Ribeiro, E. C. G., Brito, M. C. A., Silveira, D. P. B., Araruna, F. O. S., Araruna, F. B., ... & Coutinho, D. F. (2020).@Essential oils as molluscicidal agents against schistosomiasis transmitting snails-a review.@Acta tropica, 209, 105489. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.actatropica.2020.105489@Yes$Cantanhede, S. P. D., Marques, A. D. M., Silva-Souza, N., & Valverde, A. L. (2010).@Plant molluscicidal activity: A prophylactic alternative.@Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 20, 282-288. https://doi.org/10.1590/ S0102-695X2010000200024@Yes$Chaudhari, R. N., Jain, A. K., & Chatap, V. K. (2020).@Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Leaves Extract of Muntingia Calabura.@Journal of Advanced Scientific Research, 11(04), 218-224.@Yes$Chung, K. T., Wong, T. Y., Wei, C. I., Huang, Y. W., & Lin, Y. (1998).@Tannins and human health: a review.@Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 38(6), 421-464. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408 699891274273@Yes$de Castilho, P. F., da Silva Dantas, F. G., de Araújo, R. P., Castro, L. H. A., de Araújo, F. H. S., Negri, M., ... & de Oliveira, K. M. P. (2021).@General and genetic toxicology studies of Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd. seeds in vitro and in vivo assays.@Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 280, 114478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114478@Yes$Gillette, J. R., Heinzelman, R. V., Szmuszkovicz, J., Leemann, H. G., Stich, K., Thomas, M., ... & Khatoon, T. (1963).@Biological activity of the terpenoids and their derivatives.@Progress in Drug Research/Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung /Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques, 279-346.@Yes$Wu, C., Wu, H. T., Wang, Q., Wang, G. H., Yi, X., Chen, Y. P., & Zhou, G. X. (2019).@Anticandidal potential of stem bark extract from Schima superba and the identification of its major anticandidal compound.@Molecules, 24(8), 1587. https://doi.org/10. 3390/molecules24081587@Yes$Rosli, R., Latip, S. N. H. M., Othman, A. S. A. N., & Nawi, F. W. M. (2021).@Potential control of Pomaceacanaliculata using botanical extracts in paddy field.@Nternational Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12(9), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.14456/ITJEMAST.2021.181@Yes$Ballada, K. A., &Baoanan, Z. G. (2023).@Molluscicidal properties of wild sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) leaf extract fractions against invasive golden apple snail (Pomaceacanaliculata).@Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03969-5@Yes$Suvarchala, V., Pavani, C., Bai, D. S., &Shasthree, T. (2022).@Qualitative and quantitative determination of phytochemical contents of Muntingiacalabura.@Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, (26), 5.@Yes$Wszelaki, S., Podobiński, P., & Środoń, K. (2023).@Molluscicidal activity of plant alkaloids.@Journal of Applied Toxicology,  43(12), 1778-1792. https://doi.org/10. 1002/jat.4466@Yes$Kengne Fokam, A. C., Sumo, L., Bagayan, M., Nana-Djeunga, H. C., Kuete, T., Nganjou, G. S. O., ... & Njiokou, F. (2022).@Exposition of intermediate hosts of schistosomes to Niclosamide (Bayluscide WP 70) revealed significant variations in mortality rates: implications for vector control.@International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 12873. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912873@Yes$Yang, C., Wang, Y., Ma, Y., Liu, J., Zhou, Y., Yan, X., ... & Chen, H. (2022).@Research on the molluscicidal activity and molecular mechanisms of arecoline against Pomaceacanaliculata.@Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 246, 114198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv. 2022.114198@Yes$Dummee, V., Kruatrachue, M., Trinachartvanit, W., Tanhan, P., Pokethitiyook, P., & Damrongphol, P. (2012).@Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in water, sediments, aquatic plant and histopathological effects on the golden apple snail in Beung Boraphet reservoir, Thailand.@Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 86, 204-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.09.018@Yes$Peña, S. C., Pocsidio, G. N., & Co, E. L. (2017).@Histological responses of golden apple snail (Pomaceacanaliculata) to copper.@Philippine Journal of Science, 146(3), 315-321.@Yes
<#LINE#>In vitro anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of stem bark extracts of Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh<#LINE#>Kouassi Konan Armand @Marcelin,Golly Koffi @Julien,N’guessan Elouaflin Ettienne De @Bessel,N’guessan Jean @David <#LINE#>32-37<#LINE#>6.ISCA-IRJBS-2024-030.pdf<#LINE#>Laboratory of Biology and Health, Unit of –Biochemical-Pharmacodynamics, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, PO BOX 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire@Pasteur Institute of Côte d'Ivoire, Immunity Biology Pole, PO BOX 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire@Laboratory of Biology and Health, Unit of –Biochemical-Pharmacodynamics, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, PO BOX 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire@Laboratory of Biology and Health, Unit of –Biochemical-Pharmacodynamics, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, PO BOX 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire<#LINE#>30/10/2024<#LINE#>16/11/2024<#LINE#>Thrombotic diseases, i.e. diseases related to blood clotting, are currently a major health problem and one of the main causes of mortality in the world. In this study, the anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of stem bark extracts of Piliostigma thonningii were evaluated. The anticoagulant activity was evaluated on citrated and depleted plasma using two chronometric tests: prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The phytochemical screening of extracts was carried out using specific reagents and the antioxidant activity was determined by the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The results indicate that the aqueous stem bark extract of Piliostigma thonningii at 80 and 100mg/mL showed significant anticoagulant activity in aPTT test, while no significant effect was observed in PT test. Concerning the hydroethanolic one, the clotting time was significantly prolonged in PT and aPTT tests at concentrations of 80 and 100 mg/mL. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, quinones and alkaloids in aqueous and hydroethanolicstem bark extracts of Piliostigma thonningii. Moreover, both extracts exhibited DPPH scavenging activity with antiradical power (AP) of 5.32 ± 0.03µmol/mg for aqueous (IC50 = 18.8 ± 0.12µg/mL) and 8.6 ± 0.33 µmol/mg for hydroethanolic extract (IC50 = 11.67 ± 0.44µg/mL).<#LINE#>Ambrose, J. A., & Weinrauch, M. (1996).@Thrombosis in ischemic heart disease.@Archives of internal medicine,  156(13), 1382-1394.@Yes$Gorelick, P. B. (1986).@Cerebrovascular disease: Pathophysiology and diagnosis.@Nursing Clinics of North America, 21(2), 275-288.@Yes$Waldo, A.L. (2009).@Anticoagulation: Stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation.@Cardiol Clin, 27(1), 125-135, ix.@Yes$Uttara, B., Singh, A. V., Zamboni, P., & Mahajan, R. 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