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Vaccine hesitancy affecting immunization status in rural and urban regions of Ahmedabad District, Gujarat, India: a cross-sectional study

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India
  • 2Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India
  • 3Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India
  • 4Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India

Int. Res. J. Social Sci., Volume 10, Issue (1), Pages 32-40, January,14 (2021)

Abstract

Immunization is one of the most efficient interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality in children. Despite such interventions, immunization coverage is not sufficient. Our objective is to determine the factors affecting the immunization status of children in rural and urban areas of the Ahmedabad district. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out where children in the age group of 0-72 months in rural and urban communities were surveyed. Data were collected from mothers and caregivers who were willing to participate in the study. Data were analyzed using STATA MP 14.2. A total of 9, 466 responses were collected. Out of these, 7, 441 children were in the age-group of 12-72 months and hence were included to determine immunization status. Most children were fully immunized in both rural (86.40%) and urban (89.22%) areas. Vaccine hesitancy, family type, maternal education, unavailability of immunization card, place of immunization, and immunization facilitator were significantly associated with a child being partial/unimmunized. It was observed that socio demographic factors and vaccine hesitancy on part of the caregiver were important factors associated with the immunization status of children. Future strategies and interventions should focus on optimizing the timing and proper dissemination of information in both rural and urban areas in order to improve vaccine uptake.

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