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Physiological and biochemical study of Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle under cadmium heavy metal stress

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Author Affiliations

  • 1PG Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Odisha-760007, India
  • 2PG Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Odisha-760007, India
  • 3PG Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Odisha-760007, India

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 7, Issue (10), Pages 1-8, October,22 (2018)

Abstract

Hydrilla verticillata, is a widespread submerged plant in Bhanjabihar is selected and inoculated in different concentration of cadmium (Cd) (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5ppm) as well as taken a control and studied on the physiological and biochemical parameters like total chlorophyll, protein, carbohydrate, amino acid and studies enzymatic activities like catalase and peroxidase under continuous light were studied in the summer season. The cadmium stress caused considerable inhibition of growth and synthesis of biomolecules with proportional to the concentration of metal. The cadmium toxicity decreased in biomolecules compounds like chlorophyll, protein, carbohydrate, amino acid and catalase and Peroxidase enzyme activity at lower concentration i.e., at 1ppm as well as higher concentrations like 2, 3, 4, and 5ppm. But at higher concentration of cadmium ie., 5ppm was found to be more toxic in the present study. There was a loss of total chlorophyll pigment shown in H. verticillata plant in cadmium stress. The protein content was decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) up to 2ppm, then slightly increased in 3ppm was observed. Also, amino acid content was decreased in all concentration of cadmium stress when compared to control. Sugar content also decreased in all concentration of cadmium solution but less toxic effect found in 1ppm as the sugar content was nearby to the control. Same way the activity of catalase enzyme showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased at the lowest concentration. With the increase of cadmium concentration, the decrease of catalase activity was found. Peroxidase enzyme also increased significantly (P ≤ 0.001) at 1ppm, however, the highest percentage of increase in peroxidase enzyme activity was found at 5ppm. The study suggests that the plant H. verticillata as of a phytoremediation of cadmium and used as a bioindicator to access the metal toxicity in the aquatic system.

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