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Decomposition of Wood by Polypore Fungi in Tropics - Biological, Ecological and Environmental Factors- A Case Study

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Forest Management and Utilization, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, KAU, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA
  • 2Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, College of Forestry, KAU, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA
  • 3Department of Forest Management and Utilization, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University, KAU, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA
  • 4Department of Botany, Sree Krishna College, Guruvayur, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, INDIA

Res. J. Agriculture & Forestry Sci., Volume 3, Issue (8), Pages 15-37, September,8 (2015)

Abstract

The tropical region, it is clearly understood that decomposition of wood by polypore fungi is influenced by the distribution of host species; forest types; ecological, environmental and seasonal interactions; decomposition and nutrient cycling; mode of attack and anthropogenic activities. It has been found that the white rot polypore prefer angiosperm wood than gymnosperm wood because the angiosperm lignin is relatively easier to oxidize than gymnosperm lignin and therefore angiosperm trees might be preferred by more white rot polypores. Among the common species in tropics, like, Coriolopsis retropicta, Microporus xanthopus, Fomitopsis palustris, Hexagonia sulcata, Rigidoporus lineatus, etc. exhibited restricted distribution and very narrow host range. Among the Fomitopsis dochmius and F. rhodophaeus were the most widespread in occurrence as well as they exhibited a wide host range. Some species such as Cyclomyces tabacinus, Earliella scabrosa, Ganoderma australe, Microporus affinis, and Rigidoporus microporus were found mainly found on newly fallen trees while other species such as Antrodiella species, Nigroporus vinosus, Postia species, and Tyromyces species were found on well-decomposed trees. Species richness of wood-decaying basidiomycetes was higher in a primary forest plot than in a regenerating forest plot and suggested that a low frequency of tree fall in the regenerating forest reduced the species richness of wood-decaying basidiomycetes. Studies shown that Ganoderma australe has been collected from species in the Leguminosae, Dipterocarpaceae, and Euphorbiaceae, and Phellinus lamaensis has been collected from species in the Dipterocarpaceae and Meliaceae. Amongst all the families, genera of Fabaceae are found to be most susceptible, followed by Rosaceae, Myrtaceae, Cupressaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Lauraceae. The families like Meliaceae, Pinaceae, Rubiaceae Arecaceae, Fagaceae and Olecaceae were also reported as the most frequently infected families. Quercus was the most frequent host of Phellinus species. To ensure the well- being of the forests, management of coarse wood debris need to be strengthened. The domestication of useful species and crafting market regimes for the products derived from polypores should be promoted.

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